CN118017788A - Permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of electric driving system of electric automobile and optimization method thereof - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of electric driving system of electric automobile and optimization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118017788A CN118017788A CN202410424600.4A CN202410424600A CN118017788A CN 118017788 A CN118017788 A CN 118017788A CN 202410424600 A CN202410424600 A CN 202410424600A CN 118017788 A CN118017788 A CN 118017788A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/022—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
- H02K21/025—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the thickness of the air gap between field and armature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric driving system of an electric automobile and an optimization method thereof, the structure comprises a stator, the stator comprises a stator yoke part and a stator winding, the inner ring of the stator yoke part is provided with a plurality of axially arranged stator teeth, and the top of the stator teeth is provided with a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove taking the center line of the stator teeth as the center; the rotor is provided with a rotor surface groove, a permanent magnet and a magnetism isolating bridge, and a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed above the permanent magnet. The invention adopts a double-groove collaborative optimization mode that the tooth tops of the stators and the surfaces of the rotors are provided with fan-shaped auxiliary grooves, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing cogging torque and weakening electromagnetic vibration noise, changing the waveform distribution of air gap magnetic density through collaborative optimization of the first fan-shaped auxiliary grooves and the second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves, weakening the harmonic amplitude of magnetic potential and magnetic conductance, reducing the specific harmonic of the air gap magnetic density, greatly reducing the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and being beneficial to inhibiting the vibration noise of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric driving system of the electric automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile motors, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric automobile electric drive system and an optimization method thereof.
Background
The electric driving system of the electric automobile has wide market prospect, but three key quality characteristics of vibration, noise and sound vibration roughness generated by the electric driving system under the working condition of high rotating speed are key bottle collars for limiting NVH technical level and core competition of the electric driving system of the electric automobile in China. Cogging torque of an electric drive system driving a motor is an inherent characteristic of the motor and is one of the sources of electromagnetic vibration noise.
In the prior art, due to the characteristics of a tooth slot structure and a rotor magnetic field of a stator, a balance position exists in the circumferential direction of a rotor magnetic pole, and once a rotor iron core deviates from the position, a moment is generated between the stator iron core and a permanent magnet to reset the rotor magnetic pole, and the moment is tooth slot torque. The cogging torque can enable the driving motor to generate vibration and noise, so that the rotating speed fluctuates in a range, and in addition, the cogging torque can also cause torque pulsation, so that the performance of the driving motor of the electric driving system is affected, and riding comfort is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the present invention aims to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric driving system of an electric vehicle and an optimization method thereof, so as to at least solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric driving system of an electric automobile, including:
The stator comprises a stator yoke part and a stator winding, a plurality of axially arranged stator teeth are arranged on the inner ring of the stator yoke part, and a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed in the top of each stator tooth by taking the center line of the stator tooth as the center;
The rotor is provided with a rotor surface groove, permanent magnets and a magnetism isolating bridge, and the rotor surface groove is provided with a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove with corresponding logarithm above the permanent magnets by taking the logarithm of the permanent magnets as a unit;
The first fan-shaped auxiliary grooves and the second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves are mutually matched to reduce magnetic field asymmetry and air gap magnetic resistance between tooth grooves so as to optimize magnetic field distribution between the rotor and the stator and reduce tooth groove torque.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the double-groove collaborative optimization mode that the stator tooth tops and the rotor surfaces are provided with the fan-shaped auxiliary grooves is adopted, the purpose of reducing cogging torque and weakening electromagnetic vibration noise is achieved, the distribution of air gap magnetic density waveforms can be changed, the harmonic amplitude of magnetic potential and magnetic conductance is weakened, the specific harmonic of the air gap magnetic density is reduced, the cogging torque of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is greatly reduced, and the stable operation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric automobile power-on driving system is facilitated.
Further, the groove depth of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is 0.2mm.
Further, the arc length of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is based on the central line of the stator tooth, the top of the stator tooth is used as a starting point on the central line of the stator tooth, the stator groove is used as a first line segment, the first line segment is swept to two sides along the central line of the stator tooth by 1.2 degrees to form a first sweeping surface, the first sweeping surface is fan-shaped, and the arc length of the first sweeping surface is the arc length of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
Further, the depth of the stator groove is 0.2mm, and the depth of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is 0.4mm.
Further, the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is based on the central line of each pair of permanent magnets, a second line segment is taken as a starting point on the central line of each permanent magnet through the outermost end of the rotor, the second line segment is swept along two sides of the central line of each permanent magnet for 1.4 degrees to form a second sweeping surface, the second sweeping surface is fan-shaped, and the arc length of the second sweeping surface is the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
Further, the length of the second line segment is 0.4mm.
Further, the position angle of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is that the second sweeping surface rotates 17.5 degrees around two sides of the center line of the permanent magnet.
Further, the magnetism isolating bridge is arranged at one end of the permanent magnet close to the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove, and the rotor surface groove is arranged at one end of the magnetism isolating bridge close to the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
Further, a plurality of the stator windings are disposed in an annular array within the stator yoke.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a method for optimizing the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric driving system of the electric automobile, which is applied to the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric driving system of the electric automobile, and comprises the following steps:
a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed in the top of a stator tooth in the permanent magnet synchronous motor at the center of the stator tooth, wherein a plurality of stator teeth are arranged, and the stator teeth are axially arranged on the inner ring of a stator yoke part;
The rotor in the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove, wherein rotor surface grooves, permanent magnets and magnetism isolating bridges are arranged on the rotor, and the number of the second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves is corresponding to the number of the rotor surface grooves taking the number of the permanent magnets as a unit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric driving system of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a stator tooth and rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison diagram of an optimal solution of a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure and an original motor torque of an electric driving system of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing a comparison between the air gap flux density of a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure and that of an original motor of an electric driving system of an electric automobile in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of main reference numerals:
10. a stator; 11. a stator yoke; 12. a stator winding; 13. stator teeth; 14. first fan-shaped auxiliary groove
20. A rotor; 21. a rotor surface groove; 22. a permanent magnet; 23. a magnetic isolation bridge; 24. a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
The invention will be further described in the following detailed description in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric driving system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention includes a stator 10 and a rotor 20.
The stator 10 comprises a stator yoke 11 and a stator winding 12, a plurality of stator teeth 13 which are axially arranged are arranged on an inner ring of the stator yoke 11, a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove 14 is formed in the top of the stator teeth 13 by taking a central line of the stator teeth as a center, a rotor surface groove 21, a permanent magnet 22 and a magnetism isolating bridge 23 are arranged on the rotor 20, a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove 24 with corresponding logarithm is formed above the permanent magnet 22 by taking the logarithm of the permanent magnet 22 as a unit of the rotor surface groove 21, and the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove 14 and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove 24 are mutually matched to reduce magnetic field asymmetry and air gap magnetic resistance between tooth grooves so as to optimize magnetic field distribution between the rotor 20 and the stator 10 and reduce torque of the tooth grooves.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the groove depth of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is 0.2mm, the arc length of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is based on the center line of the stator tooth, the top of the stator tooth is used as a starting point on the center line of the stator tooth, the stator groove is used as a first line segment, the first line segment is swept to 1.2 degrees along the center line of the stator tooth to form a first sweeping surface, the first sweeping surface is fan-shaped, the arc length of the first sweeping surface is the arc length of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove, in this embodiment, the depth of the stator groove is 0.2mm, the depth of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is 0.4mm, the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is based on the center line of each pair of permanent magnets, the center line of the permanent magnets is provided with a second line segment which is formed by sweeping 1.4 degrees along the two sides of the center line of the permanent magnets by taking the outermost end of the rotor as a starting point, the second line segment is fan-shaped, the arc length of the second sweep surface is the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove, and the arc length of the second sweep surface is the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove, wherein the length of the second line segment is 0.4mm, the second line segment is longitudinally arranged, and the position angle of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is that the second sweep surface rotates 17.5 degrees around the two sides of the center line of the permanent magnets.
Further, the plurality of stator windings are arranged in the stator yoke in a ring array mode, the magnetism isolating bridge is arranged at one end of the permanent magnet close to the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove, and the rotor surface groove is arranged at one end of the magnetism isolating bridge close to the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
It can be appreciated that, for an electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous drive motor, the motor magnetic field energy W stored in the magnetic field is:
；
Wherein: Representing the self inductance of the winding; /(I) Representing stator winding phase currents; /(I)Indicating the number of turns of the stator winding; /(I)Representing air gap reluctance; /(I)Represents closed magnetic circuit stator reluctance; /(I)Representing the permanent magnetic flux;
Assuming current As a constant, the torque generated by the motor magnetic field energy at this time is calculated as follows:
；
Further can be obtained:
；
In the method, in the process of the invention, Representing torque caused by the change of winding self-inductance with position,/>Representing cogging torque，/>Representing the interaction of the rotor permanent magnet and the stator magnetomotive force to generate the effective torque of the motor;
assuming that the magnetic permeability of the armature core is infinite, when the armature winding is not energized, the motor magnetic field energy is approximately the sum of the permanent magnet magnetic field energy and the air gap magnetic field energy, as shown in the following formula:
；
Wherein: representing the magnetic field energy of the permanent magnet; /(I) Representing air gap magnetic field energy; /(I)A distribution function representing air gap flux density; /(I)Represents magnetic permeability; /(I)The change angle of the air gap flux density along the rotating direction of the motor is represented; /(I)Representing the included angle between the armature center line and the center line of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet;
The air gap flux density distribution function along the armature surface is:
；
Wherein: Representing the magnetic pole remanence; /(I) Representing the distribution of air gap flux density relative permeability along the armature surface; /(I)A function representing the angle of change of the length of the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet along the rotating direction of the motor; /(I)Representing the effective air gap length;
the expression of the cogging torque is:
；
Using Fourier series pairs And/>And (5) unfolding to obtain:
；
Wherein: Representing the number of stator slots; /(I) Representing the number of pole pairs; /(I)Representing the axial length of the stator core; /(I)To make a match withAn integer which is an integer; /(I)Representing the inner radius of the motor stator yoke; /(I)Represents the outer radius of the motor stator; /(I)Fourier decomposition coefficients representing relative permeability versus air gap permeance squared; /(I)A fourier decomposition function representing the square of the air gap flux density generated by the permanent magnet poles;
Further, aiming at the relation between the stator tooth top auxiliary groove and the tooth space torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of the electric driving system of the electric automobile, the harmonic frequency of the tooth space torque is analyzed, when different pole grooves are matched, the harmonic frequency of the tooth space torque is different, and the harmonic frequency of the tooth space torque is ；
；
In the method, in the process of the invention,For stator slot number and pole number/>When m auxiliary slots are formed in the stator, the number of slots/>Become/>，/>And also increases. Harmonic times of fundamental cogging torque/>After the stator teeth are notched with the auxiliary slots, the harmonic frequency of the basic cogging torque changes with the increase of the number of slots. The number of times of basic cogging torque/>, when a single auxiliary slot is opened at each stator toothThe number of the auxiliary grooves is too large, the amplitude of air gap flux density can be weakened, and the number of the auxiliary grooves can be limited by the motor structure and manufacturing process, so that in the embodiment, only one fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed on the top of each stator tooth.
In addition, it should be explained that the rotor is provided with the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove, the influence on the cogging torque is equivalent to changing the fit of the pole grooves, and the cogging torque can be greatly weakened by selecting the proper second fan-shaped auxiliary groove. According to the analysis and analysis of the cogging torque, the effective length of the air gap is increased when the slots are formed in the specific positions on the surface of the motor rotor, the width and the angle of an unsaturated area of the flux density of the air gap are affected, the waveform distribution of the flux density of the air gap is changed, the specific harmonic wave of the flux density of the air gap is reduced, and the purpose of weakening the cogging torque is achieved.
And the rotor has no second fan-shaped auxiliary groove,The fourier transform coefficient expression of (a) is:
；
when the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is arranged, and k is even, The fourier transform coefficient expression of (a) is:
=
；
In selecting the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove of the rotor surface, its depth and size have a greater influence on the result: the optimization effect is not obvious when the rotor is too shallow and too small, and the rotor magnetic circuit is influenced when the rotor is too deep and too large, so in the embodiment, the depth of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove on the rotor surface is 0.4mm from the outermost end of the rotor tooth crest, the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove above each permanent magnet on the rotor surface is based on the center of each pair of permanent magnets, the second line segment with the groove depth of 0.4mm is formed on the center line by taking the outermost end of the rotor as the starting point, the second line segment is scanned by 1.4deg along the two sides of the center line, and finally each pair of fan-shaped auxiliary grooves which are scanned are rotated by 17.5deg around the two sides of the center line of each pair of permanent magnets.
It is worth noting that the depth of the stator inner groove in the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is; Taking the center line of the stator tooth as a reference, taking the tooth top of the stator as a starting point on the center line, and taking the depth of a stator slot as/>Is swept/>, along each side of the center lineThe degree is the angle from the outermost edge of the fan-shaped auxiliary groove to the center line of the stator teeth; the obtained fan-shaped groove is a definite stator auxiliary groove; the groove depth of the fan-shaped groove in the rotor surface auxiliary groove 5 is/>. Taking the center line of each pair of permanent magnets as a reference, taking the outermost end passing through the rotor surface on the center line as a starting point, and taking the depth of a groove of the rotor surface as/>Is swept/>, along each side of the center lineObtaining two second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves above the permanent magnets, and rotating the obtained two second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves on each pair of permanent magnets around two sides of the center line of each pair of permanent magnets respectively/>And finally, obtaining the specific position size of the cogging torque optimization structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove. Through calculating specific motor structural parameters, and then carrying out parameterization scanning by utilizing finite element analysis software according to parameterization design of the motor, searching an optimal solution of the cogging torque optimization structural size of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove. The first fan-shaped auxiliary grooves at the top of each stator tooth have an arc length taking the center line of the stator tooth as a reference, and the arc length passes through the stator tooth top as a starting point on the center line to form line segments with the depth of 0.2mm, and the line segments are swept by 1.2deg along the two sides of the center line. The groove depth of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove on the rotor surface of the motor is 0.4mm, the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove above each permanent magnet on the rotor surface is based on the center of each pair of permanent magnets, a line segment with the groove depth of 0.4mm is made on the center line by taking the outermost end of the rotor as a starting point, the line segment is scanned by 1.4deg along the two sides of the center line, and finally the two sides of the center line of each pair of the permanent magnets of each pair of the scanned second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves are rotated by 17.5deg. And obtaining the final specific optimized structural size of the cogging torque of the novel double-slot permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of the electric driving system of the electric automobile is required to be completed in an empty state, so that current excitation of the motor is set to be empty and then simulated, and meanwhile, the optimal solution of the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is compared with the optimal solution of the cogging torque of the motor without grooves, the optimal solution of the cogging torque of the motor with the single stator grooves and the optimal solution of the cogging torque of the motor with the single rotor grooves, as shown in fig. 3, the cogging torque of the novel double-groove built-in type V-shaped permanent magnet synchronous motor is 23.9 mN.m, the cogging torque of the traditional ungrooved built-in type V-shaped permanent magnet synchronous motor is 577.0 mN.m, the optimal solution of the cogging torque with the single stator grooves is 356.9 mN.m, and the optimal solution of the cogging torque with the single rotor grooves is 110.2 mN.m. Therefore, the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is optimized by about 38.1% when a single stator is slotted, the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is optimized by about 80.9% when a single rotor is slotted, and the cogging torque of the double-slot permanent magnet synchronous motor is optimized by about 95.9%, so that the optimization effect is excellent.
In addition, the stator and the rotor are respectively provided with the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove which are matched with each other, so that the effective length of an air gap of the motor is increased, the magnetic resistance is increased, and the magnetic force lines passing through the auxiliary groove area are reduced. The first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove change the trend of magnetic lines and the magnetic flux density of two areas, and influence the radial flux density distribution of an air gap. The radial flux density distribution curve of the air gap and the radial flux density Fourier decomposition harmonic wave of the air gap before and after the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove are respectively shown in figure 4. After the double auxiliary grooves are formed, the air gap flux density waveform is locally distorted, the width and the height of an unsaturated area of the radial air gap flux density of the motor are changed, the air gap flux density fundamental wave is obviously reduced, the electromagnetic force born by the stator teeth and the rotor is reduced, and the electromagnetic vibration noise is weakened.
The invention also provides a method for optimizing the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric driving system of the electric automobile, which is applied to the structure of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric driving system of the electric automobile, and comprises the following steps of S1 to S2:
S1, a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed in the top of a stator tooth in a permanent magnet synchronous motor by the center of the stator tooth, wherein a plurality of stator teeth are arranged, and the stator teeth are axially arranged on the inner ring of a stator yoke part;
S2, a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed in a rotor in the permanent magnet synchronous motor, wherein rotor surface grooves, permanent magnets and magnetism isolating bridges are formed in the rotor, and the number of the second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves is corresponding to the number of the rotor surface grooves taking the number of the permanent magnets as a unit.
In summary, according to the permanent magnet synchronous motor structure and the optimization method of the electric driving system of the electric vehicle in the embodiment of the invention, the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove can reduce the magnetic field asymmetry and the air gap magnetic resistance between tooth grooves, and optimize the magnetic field distribution between the rotor and the stator, so that the tooth groove torque is reduced, and the stability and the efficiency of the motor are improved. The distribution of the rotor magnetic field can also be changed to be more uniform, thereby reducing torque ripple. Meanwhile, the path and distribution of the magnetic field can be changed, so that the magnetic field can be smoothly transmitted between tooth grooves, the asymmetry of the magnetic field is reduced, the amplitude of harmonic frequency playing a main role is reduced, and the radial flux density in an air gap is weakened. Furthermore, the presence of the first and second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves may also reduce the reluctance loss, so that the magnetic field can penetrate more sufficiently the space between the stator and the rotor. It should be noted that, the geometric shapes and positions of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove and the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove can be adjusted and processed proportionally according to the radian dimension of the motor, so that the processing precision is higher than that of other geometric shapes.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile electric drive system PMSM structure which characterized in that includes:
The stator comprises a stator yoke part and a stator winding, a plurality of axially arranged stator teeth are arranged on the inner ring of the stator yoke part, and a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed in the top of each stator tooth by taking the center line of the stator tooth as the center;
The rotor is provided with a rotor surface groove, permanent magnets and a magnetism isolating bridge, and the rotor surface groove is provided with a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove with corresponding logarithm above the permanent magnets by taking the logarithm of the permanent magnets as a unit;
The first fan-shaped auxiliary grooves and the second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves are mutually matched to reduce magnetic field asymmetry and air gap magnetic resistance between tooth grooves, so that magnetic field distribution between the rotor and the stator is optimized, and torque of the tooth grooves is reduced.
2. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 1, wherein the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove has a groove depth of 0.2mm.
3. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 1, wherein the arc length of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is based on the center line of the stator tooth, the top of the stator tooth is used as a starting point on the center line of the stator tooth to serve as a stator groove, the stator groove is used as a first line segment, the first line segment is swept to two sides along the center line of the stator tooth by 1.2 degrees to form a first sweeping surface, the first sweeping surface is fan-shaped, and the arc length of the first sweeping surface is the arc length of the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
4. A permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric drive system of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the depth of the stator slot is 0.2mm and the depth of the second fan-shaped auxiliary slot is 0.4mm.
5. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 1, wherein the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is based on the center line of each pair of permanent magnets, a second line segment is formed on the center line of the permanent magnets by taking the outermost end of the rotor as a starting point, the second line segment is swept along two sides of the center line of the permanent magnets for 1.4 degrees to form a second sweeping surface, the second sweeping surface is fan-shaped, and the arc length of the second sweeping surface is the arc length of the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
6. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 5, wherein the length of the second line segment is 0.4mm.
7. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 5, wherein the second fan-shaped auxiliary groove is located at an angle of 17.5 degrees to each side of the second sweeping surface around the center line of the permanent magnet.
8. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 1, wherein the magnetism isolating bridge is disposed at an end of the permanent magnet close to the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove, and the rotor surface groove is disposed at an end of the magnetism isolating bridge close to the first fan-shaped auxiliary groove.
9. The electric drive system permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the stator windings are disposed in an annular array within the stator yoke.
10. A method for optimizing a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of an electric driving system of an electric vehicle, which is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor structure of the electric driving system of the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
a first fan-shaped auxiliary groove is formed in the top of a stator tooth in the permanent magnet synchronous motor at the center of the stator tooth, wherein a plurality of stator teeth are arranged, and the stator teeth are axially arranged on the inner ring of a stator yoke part;
The rotor in the permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with a second fan-shaped auxiliary groove, wherein rotor surface grooves, permanent magnets and magnetism isolating bridges are arranged on the rotor, and the number of the second fan-shaped auxiliary grooves is corresponding to the number of the rotor surface grooves taking the number of the permanent magnets as a unit.
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