CN118011409A - Time phase coding quantum safety ranging radar device and ranging method - Google Patents
Time phase coding quantum safety ranging radar device and ranging method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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- G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
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Abstract
The invention provides a time phase coding quantum safety ranging radar device and a ranging method, and belongs to the field of laser radars. The apparatus includes a primary laser; an unequal arm interferometer module for splitting the optical pulse into two sub-pulses with a time difference; the slave laser is used for randomly outputting a first time state of the optical pulse at the previous time position or a second time state of the optical pulse at the later time position under the drive of the drive signal through injection locking of the two sub-pulses, and the front and back time positions under the X base comprise one coding state of phase states of the optical pulse; an attenuator; a telescope; polarization processing and beam splitting modules; a first circulator; a second circulator; a first single photon detector and a second single photon detector. The device has low error rate, does not have the problem of phase drift, and reduces the complexity of the system; when the device is used for ranging, the ranging resolution can be improved to r=7.5cm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser radars, and particularly relates to a time phase coding quantum safety ranging radar device and a ranging method.
Background
The quantum information technology has the characteristics of extremely strong anti-interference, high resolution and the like, and the application of the quantum information technology to the field of radar detection can greatly improve the concealment and resolution of radar detection, so that the method has extremely high application value. Because the quantum state has the characteristics of unclonable property, measurement collapse and the like, the photon is encoded and decoded, and the bit error rate is detected to monitor in real time, so that the interception retransmission attack of an interference machine can be effectively recognized, and the safety and reliability of detection are greatly improved. The concept of Quantum security imaging was proposed by M, malik et al in 2012 (Malik M, et al, quantum-secured imaging APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2012, 101 (24): 241103), by polarization encoding and decoding photons of a detection target, and by monitoring the bit error rate, whether the target has interference spoofing can be determined. However, the scheme has a plurality of problems, such as that the polarization state is affected by atmospheric disturbance when photons are transmitted in free space, and the polarization state is obviously changed when the surface of a target object is scattered, so that a high error rate can be obtained without interference, and further, the false alarm rate is too high, and the practicability is low. In addition, as the scheme adopts an electromechanical device for polarization coding, the coding rate is lower, and the reliability and the long-term stability are lower. Based on this scheme, WANG QIANG et al propose a quantum security radar scheme (WANG QIANG, et al, pseudorandom modulation quantum secured lidar, optik, 2015, 126, 33444-3348) that uses pseudo-random modulation to achieve secure ranging by randomly encoding the pulse positions and randomly modulating and demodulating the photon polarization states. The scheme can improve the modulation frequency of signals, but also has the problem of unstable polarization states, 4 random voltages are loaded on the electro-optical modulator to realize 4 polarization state codes, and 4 single photon detectors are used for decoding, so that the complexity of the system is greatly increased. In addition, since the ranging resolution is inversely proportional to the modulation frequency of the electro-optic modulator, the resolution is only 1.5 meters at a modulation frequency of 100 MHz.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a time phase coding quantum safety ranging radar device and a ranging method, which aim to solve the technical problems of unstable polarization state, complex polarization coding and decoding device and low ranging resolution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
A primary laser for generating pulses of light having a period T;
The unequal arm interferometer module is used for splitting the optical pulse into two sub-pulses with time difference and interfering the second echo component to generate an interference optical signal and sending the interference optical signal to the second single photon detector;
A first circulator for transmitting the two sub-pulses to the slave laser and for transmitting the encoded states randomly output from the laser to the attenuator;
The slave laser is used for being injected and locked through the two sub-pulses under the drive of a drive signal, and outputting a coding state, wherein the coding state comprises a first time state of the sub-pulse under the Z base at a former time position, a second time state of the sub-pulse under the X base at a latter time position, and a phase state of the sub-pulse contained in the front and rear time positions under the X base;
the attenuator is used for attenuating the coded state to a preset intensity and generating a corresponding emission quantum state;
the second circulator is used for transmitting the emission quantum state to the telescope and transmitting the echo quantum state returned by the telescope to the polarization processing and beam splitting module;
A telescope for irradiating the target after expanding the emission quantum state, and for receiving the echo quantum state reflected by the target;
the polarization processing and beam splitting module is used for adjusting the polarization state of the echo quantum state, splitting the echo quantum state into a first echo component and a second echo component, and respectively sending the first echo component and the second echo component into the first single photon detector and the unequal arm interferometer module;
The first single photon detector and the second single photon detector are used for detecting a first echo component and an interference light signal respectively.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a ranging method, wherein the time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar device performs the following steps:
Step S1: the light pulse generated by the main laser is split into two sub-pulses by the unequal arm interferometer module and then injected into the auxiliary laser, 3 time phase coding emission quantum state sequences are randomly generated and used as detection signals of the quantum security radar;
step S2: the detection signal irradiates the target object, an echo quantum state is formed after the detection signal is reflected, and a first echo component and a second echo component are generated after the echo quantum state is subjected to polarization treatment and a beam splitting module;
step S3: the first echo component enters a first single photon detector to be detected, and a first detection sequence D1 is recorded; the second echo component returns to the unequal arm interferometer module to interfere, and the generated interference light signal enters a second single photon detector to be detected, and a second detection sequence D2 is recorded;
Step S4: carrying out shift cross-correlation operation on the emission quantum state sequence and the first detection sequence D1, and obtaining a target distance when the shift cross-correlation operation reaches a peak value;
step S5: and (3) matching the emission quantum state sequence with detection results of the first echo component and the second echo component respectively according to the target distance obtained in the step (S4), counting the Z-base error rate according to the first detection sequence D1, counting the X-base error rate according to the second detection sequence D2, obtaining the average error rates of the Z-base and the X-base, and judging that the target is deceptive-jamming when the average error rate is larger than an error rate threshold value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The time phase coding quantum state is adopted, wherein the time state is coded on a relative time position, so that the method is very stable and has low error rate; the same unequal arm interferometer is multiplexed by the encoding and decoding of the phase state, and the optical path difference change of the long and short arms can be counteracted, so that the method is not influenced by environmental change, the problem of phase drift is solved, and the method has a lower error rate. In addition, the influence of the echo quantum state polarization change on decoding can be eliminated through polarization processing. Thus, there is higher stability and lower false alarm rate than the polarization encoding scheme.
(2) The time phase state coding is carried out by combining the unequal arm interferometers with the laser injection locking mode, the same interferometer is multiplexed by encoding and decoding, only 3 quantum states and 2 single photon detectors are required to be modulated, an intensity modulator and a phase modulator are not required to be adopted, and the complexity of the system is greatly reduced.
(3) Without electro-optic modulator, the system repetition frequency can be increased to more than 1GHz, and the detection counting period is T/2 by adopting time phase coding, and the ranging resolution can be increased to r=cT/4=7.5cm。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time-phase encoded quantum safety range radar device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the output result of a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar device according to the present invention, where the device includes:
A primary laser for generating pulses of light having a period T;
The unequal arm interferometer module is used for splitting the optical pulse into two sub-pulses with time difference and interfering the second echo component to generate an interference optical signal and sending the interference optical signal to the second single photon detector;
A first circulator for transmitting the two sub-pulses to the slave laser and for transmitting the encoded states randomly output from the laser to the attenuator;
The slave laser is used for being injected and locked through the two sub-pulses under the drive of a drive signal, and outputting a coding state, wherein the coding state comprises a first time state of the sub-pulse under the Z base at a former time position, a second time state of the sub-pulse under the X base at a latter time position, and a phase state of the sub-pulse contained in the front and rear time positions under the X base;
the attenuator is used for attenuating the coded state to a preset intensity and generating a corresponding emission quantum state;
the second circulator is used for transmitting the emission quantum state to the telescope and transmitting the echo quantum state returned by the telescope to the polarization processing and beam splitting module;
A telescope for irradiating the target after expanding the emission quantum state, and for receiving the echo quantum state reflected by the target;
the polarization processing and beam splitting module is used for adjusting the polarization state of the echo quantum state, splitting the echo quantum state into a first echo component and a second echo component, and respectively sending the first echo component and the second echo component into the first single photon detector and the unequal arm interferometer module;
The first single photon detector and the second single photon detector are used for detecting a first echo component and an interference light signal respectively.
The specific working process and principle are as follows:
The main laser generates an optical pulse with a period T, which is split into two sub-pulses with a time difference by means of an unequal arm interferometer module. The two sub-pulses are transmitted sequentially through the first circulator to the slave laser and injection-locked. The period of the slave laser is taken as the period of the system, and the drive signal of the slave laser preferably operates at a frequency 2 times that of the master laser. In one period, the two drive signals from the laser may include the following 3 cases:
(1) The former driving signal exceeds the working threshold of the slave laser, and the latter driving signal is 0 or lower than the working threshold of the slave laser;
(2) The former driving signal is 0 or lower than the working threshold of the slave laser, and the latter driving signal exceeds the working threshold of the slave laser;
(3) Both drive signals exceed the operating threshold of the slave laser.
Wherein the intensity of the light pulse generated by the main laser in case (3) is half the intensity of the light pulse generated by the main laser in cases (1) and (2).
The slave laser drive signal exceeds the operating threshold, and the optical pulse is output under injection locking of the master laser. Thus, in one cycle, the output from the laser includes: in case (1), the light pulse output from the laser is at a previous time position, which is a first time state; in case (2), the light pulse output from the laser is at a later time position, which is a second time state; in case (3), the result of the output from the laser is that both the front and rear time positions contain optical pulses, and the phase state is established. The first time state and the second time state belong to a Z base, the phase state belongs to an X base, and the output result of the laser is shown in a schematic diagram in fig. 2.
Each period controls the driving signal of the slave laser to randomly select one of the three conditions to drive, and one of the first time state, the second time state and the phase state can be randomly generated.
The encoded state generated from the laser then reaches an attenuator via a first circulator, which attenuates the encoded state to a predetermined intensity, producing a corresponding emitted quantum state, i.e. a first time stateSecond time state/>Phase state。
The emission quantum state irradiates a target after beam expansion by a telescope, is collected by the telescope after target reflection, and forms an echo quantum state; the echo quantum state enters a polarization processing and beam splitting module, is polarized and split into a first echo component and a second echo component.
Preferably, the first echo component and the second echo component have the same amplitude and polarization state.
The first echo component directly enters a first single photon detector to be detected, and a first detection sequence D1 is obtained; and the second echo component enters an unequal arm interferometer module to interfere, and a destructive interference optical signal enters a second single photon detector to detect, so as to obtain a second detection sequence D2. Because the optical signals in the system pass through the unequal arm interferometer module in a reciprocating way, the phase drift caused by the change of the optical path difference between the long arm and the short arm can be automatically compensated, so that a very stable interference result can be obtained without being influenced by environmental change.
Since the echo quantum state in one period contains two time positions, two detection time windows are needed correspondingly, and thus the period of the detection count in the first detection sequence D1 is T/2. Performing shift cross-correlation operation on the emission quantum state sequence and the first detection sequence D1 to obtain a target distance L=cN/>T/4, wherein N is the corresponding displacement when the cross correlation result reaches the peak value, and c is the speed of light in vacuum. Distance resolution is r=c/>T/4, the distance resolution is 0.75 meters when the operating frequency of the main laser is 100MHz, i.e. the period is 10 ns. The operating frequency of the laser can easily reach 2GHz, so that the distance resolution can reach 7.5cm when the operating frequency of the main laser is 1 GHz. It can be seen that the range resolution of the present invention can be increased by a factor of more than 2, and the operating frequency of the laser can be increased even by a factor of 10, compared to the range resolution of 1.5 meters for the scheme (Optik, 2015, 126, 33444-3348) of WANG QIANG et al, which employs a pseudo-randomly modulated quantum security radar scheme (WANG QIANG, et al, pseudorandom modulation quantum secured lidar, optik, 2015, 126, 33444-3348).
And after the obtained target distance, the emission quantum state sequence can be respectively matched with the detection results of the first echo component and the second echo component. Firstly, each element of the first detection sequence D1 corresponds to each element of the emission quantum state sequence one by one, so that two adjacent elements in the first detection sequence D1 serve as a group and correspond to the previous time window and the next time window of the first single photon detector respectively. And counting detection counts C1E and C1L of front and rear two time windows in a first detection sequence D1 corresponding to a first time state in the emission quantum state sequence and detection counts C2E and C2L of front and rear two time windows in the first detection sequence D1 corresponding to a second time state in the emission quantum state sequence, and calculating the Z-base bit error rate to be Ez= (C1L+C2E)/(C1E+C1L+C2E+C2L).
And then the second detection sequence D2 is in one-to-one correspondence with the emission quantum state sequence, so that two adjacent elements in the second detection sequence D2 are used as a group to respectively correspond to the previous time window and the next time window of the second single photon detector. Counting the detection count Cx of a next time window in a second detection sequence D2 corresponding to the phase state in the emission quantum state sequence, counting the detection count Cs1 of a previous time window in the second detection sequence D2 corresponding to the phase state when the previous quantum state in the emission quantum state sequence is the first time state and the next quantum state is the phase state, and counting the detection count Cs2 of a previous time window in the second detection sequence D2 corresponding to the second time state when the previous quantum state in the emission quantum state sequence is the phase state and the next quantum state is the second time state, and calculating the X-base bit error rate Ex=Cx/[ 8 (Cs 1+Cs 2) ].
Since the selection probabilities of the Z base and the X base are both 1/2, the average bit error rate ea= (ez+ex)/2 can be calculated. When the target intercepts the retransmission interference to the emission quantum state, as the emitted signal is a random quantum state, the target selects an intermediate base to measure the emission quantum state, so that an error measurement result can be obtained, and at least 25% of error rate can be introduced when the intermediate base is prepared again and sent to the radar device for measurement. The bit error rate threshold may be set to 25%, and when the average bit error rate is greater than the bit error rate threshold, it is determined that the target has fraud.
Example 1
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an improved embodiment of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus according to the present invention:
The unequal arm interferometer module comprises a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter and a third circulator;
the two output ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the two input ports of the second beam splitter through optical fibers with different lengths to form an unequal arm interferometer;
the first port, the second port and the third port of the third circulator (corresponding to the 1,2 and 3 ports of the third circulator in fig. 3) are respectively and correspondingly connected with the main laser, the input port of the first beam splitter and the second single photon detector;
The two output ports of the second beam splitter are respectively connected with the first port of the first circulator (namely, the 1 port of the first circulator in fig. 3) and one output port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module;
The polarization processing and beam splitting module comprises a polarization controller and a third beam splitter;
the polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization of the echo quantum state into horizontal polarization, an input port of the polarization controller is used as an input port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module, and an output port of the polarization controller is connected with an input port of the third beam splitter;
the two output ports of the third beam splitter are respectively used as the two output ports of the polarization processing and beam splitting module;
the master laser is an electroabsorption laser, and the master laser light intensity corresponding to the phase state generated by the slave laser is half of the master laser light intensity corresponding to the first time state or the second time generated by the slave laser.
The specific working process and principle of the embodiment are as follows:
The main laser produces an optical pulse of period T which enters the input port of the first beam splitter of the unequal arm interferometer via a third circulator and is split into two sub-pulses. The two sub-pulses respectively reach the second beam splitter after being transmitted along the two arms of the unequal arm interferometer, and because the lengths of the two arm optical fibers are unequal, the two sub-pulses have a certain time difference when being output from the second beam splitter, and preferably, the time difference is T/2. The two sub-pulses are then transmitted successively through the first circulator to the slave laser and injection-locked to randomly generate a first time state Second time state/>Phase state/>And finally, randomly outputting and transmitting the quantum state sequence from the telescope.
The transmitted quantum state sequence is reflected by the target and returns to the telescope to become an echo quantum state, the polarization state is firstly adjusted to be horizontal polarization by the polarization controller, and then the horizontal polarization is transmitted to the third beam splitter for beam splitting, so that a first echo component and a second echo component are generated, and the first echo component and the second echo component have the same amplitude and polarization state.
The first echo component directly enters a first single photon detector to be detected, and a first detection sequence D1 is obtained; the second echo component enters the unequal arm interferometer from the second beam splitter to interfere, and the generated destructive interference light signal enters the second single photon detector to be detected through the third circulator to obtain a second detection sequence D2. For the phase stateWhen it passes through the unequal arm interferometer in the forward direction, phase drift/> is generated due to the influence of environmental changes on the long and short arm optical path differenceThe actual phase state obtained is/>. When it passes through the unequal arm interferometer in the opposite direction, the quantum state has short flight time and unchanged phase drift, and the two components of interference are/>, respectivelyAndIdentical phase factor/>The system can be regarded as a global phase, has no influence on interference results, and therefore, the interference cannot be influenced by environmental changes, so that the system has extremely high stability.
Finally, ranging and spoofing interference detection can be performed according to the method.
Example two
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second modified embodiment of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar device according to the present invention:
The unequal arm interferometer module comprises a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter and a third circulator;
the two output ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the two input ports of the second beam splitter through optical fibers with different lengths to form an unequal arm interferometer;
two input ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the main laser and the second single photon detector;
The first port, the second port, and the third port of the third circulator (corresponding to the 1,2, and 3 ports of the third circulator in fig. 4) are respectively and correspondingly connected to one output port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module, the output port of the second beam splitter, and the first port of the first circulator (i.e., the 1 port of the first circulator in fig. 4).
The polarization processing and beam splitting module comprises a polarizer and a polarization beam splitter;
The polarization scrambler is used for reducing the polarization degree of the echo quantum state to 0, an input port of the polarization scrambler is used as an input port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module (namely, a second circulator is used for transmitting the emission quantum state to the telescope and transmitting the echo quantum state returned by the telescope to the polarization scrambler), and an output port of the polarization scrambler is connected with an input port of the polarization beam splitter;
The two output ports of the polarization beam splitter are respectively used as the two output ports of the polarization processing and beam splitting module.
The second embodiment works in a similar manner to the first embodiment, with the following differences:
the light pulse generated by the main laser directly enters one input port of the first beam splitter, two sub-pulses emitted from the output port of the second beam splitter enter the second port of the third circulator, and after being emitted from the third port of the third circulator, the light pulse enters the auxiliary laser through the first circulator to be subjected to injection locking, so that 3 coding states are randomly generated.
The echo quantum state firstly reduces the polarization degree to 0 through the scrambler, namely, the polarization degree is changed into a random polarization state, so that when the echo quantum state enters the polarization beam splitter for beam splitting, the probability of being reflected and transmitted is 50%, namely, a first echo component and a second echo component are generated, and the first echo component and the second echo component have the same amplitude and polarization state. The second echo component enters the first port of the third circulator, exits from the second port of the third circulator and enters the output port of the second beam splitter. Since the port of the second echo quantum state into the unequal arm interferometer is different from the first embodiment, the destructive interference optical signal exits from the other input port of the first beam splitter and then enters the second single photon detector.
Example III
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an improved embodiment of a time-phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus according to the present invention, where the apparatus includes a master laser, a slave laser, a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter, a first single photon detector, a second single photon detector, a first circulator, a second circulator, an attenuator, a polarizing beam splitter, a scrambler, a telescope, and a target, and the specific structure of the third embodiment is different from that of the second embodiment in that: the first circulator further includes a fourth port (i.e., 4 ports of the first circulator in fig. 5), and the fourth port of the first circulator is turned on in the light transmission direction to the first port of the first circulator, instead of the function of the third circulator, so the third circulator may be omitted.
The third embodiment has the following specific working procedure and principle, which are different from those of the second embodiment:
two sub-pulses emitted from the output port of the second beam splitter enter the first port of the first circulator, are emitted from the second port of the first circulator and enter the slave laser to perform injection locking, and randomly generate 3 coding states.
The second echo component enters the fourth port of the first circulator, exits from the first port of the first circulator and enters the output port of the second beam splitter.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the invention thereto, but to limit the invention thereto, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and equivalents thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A time-phase encoded quantum safety range radar apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
A primary laser for generating pulses of light having a period T;
The unequal arm interferometer module is used for splitting the optical pulse into two sub-pulses with time difference and interfering the second echo component to generate an interference optical signal and sending the interference optical signal to the second single photon detector;
A first circulator for transmitting the two sub-pulses to the slave laser and for transmitting the encoded states randomly output from the laser to the attenuator;
The slave laser is used for being injected and locked through the two sub-pulses under the drive of a drive signal, and outputting a coding state, wherein the coding state comprises a first time state of the sub-pulse under the Z base at a former time position, a second time state of the sub-pulse under the X base at a latter time position, and a phase state of the sub-pulse contained in the front and rear time positions under the X base;
the attenuator is used for attenuating the coded state to a preset intensity and generating a corresponding emission quantum state;
the second circulator is used for transmitting the emission quantum state to the telescope and transmitting the echo quantum state returned by the telescope to the polarization processing and beam splitting module;
A telescope for irradiating the target after expanding the emission quantum state, and for receiving the echo quantum state reflected by the target;
the polarization processing and beam splitting module is used for adjusting the polarization state of the echo quantum state, splitting the echo quantum state into a first echo component and a second echo component, and respectively sending the first echo component and the second echo component into the first single photon detector and the unequal arm interferometer module;
The first single photon detector and the second single photon detector are used for detecting a first echo component and an interference light signal respectively.
2. The time phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus of claim 1, wherein the unequal arm interferometer module comprises a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, and a third circulator:
the two output ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the two input ports of the second beam splitter through optical fibers with different lengths to form an unequal arm interferometer;
the first port, the second port and the third port of the third circulator are respectively and correspondingly connected with one of the input ports of the main laser and the first beam splitter and the second single photon detector;
The two output ports of the second beam splitter are respectively connected with the first port of the first circulator and one output port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module.
3. The time phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus of claim 1, wherein the unequal arm interferometer module comprises a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, and a third circulator:
the two output ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the two input ports of the second beam splitter through optical fibers with different lengths to form an unequal arm interferometer;
two input ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the main laser and the second single photon detector;
The first port, the second port and the third port of the third circulator are respectively and correspondingly connected with one output port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module, one output port of the second beam splitter and the first port of the first circulator.
4. The time phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first circulator further comprises a fourth port, and the unequal arm interferometer module comprises a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, and a fourth port of the first circulator:
the two output ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the two input ports of the second beam splitter through optical fibers with different lengths to form an unequal arm interferometer;
two input ports of the first beam splitter are respectively connected with the main laser and the second single photon detector;
the first port and the fourth port of the first circulator are respectively and correspondingly connected with one output port of the second beam splitter and one output port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module.
5. A time phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the polarization processing and beam splitting module comprises a polarization controller and a third beam splitter:
the polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization state of the echo quantum state into horizontal polarization, an input port of the polarization controller is used as an input port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module, and an output port of the polarization controller is connected with an input port of the third beam splitter;
The two output ports of the third beam splitter are respectively used as the two output ports of the polarization processing and beam splitting module.
6. A time phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the polarization processing and beam splitting module comprises a scrambler and a polarizing beam splitter:
the polarization scrambler is used for reducing the polarization degree of an echo quantum state to 0, an input port of the polarization scrambler is used as an input port of the polarization processing and beam splitting module, and an output port of the polarization scrambler is connected with an input port of the polarization beam splitter;
The two output ports of the polarization beam splitter are respectively used as the two output ports of the polarization processing and beam splitting module.
7. A time phase coded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the time difference between the two sub-pulses produced by the unequal arm interferometer module is T/2.
8. A time phase coded quantum safety range radar device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the operating frequency of the slave laser is 2 times the operating frequency of the master laser.
9. A time phase coded quantum safety range radar device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the primary laser is an electro-absorption laser and the primary laser corresponding to the secondary laser producing a phase state is half the primary laser corresponding to the secondary laser producing a first time state or a second time state.
10. A time-phase coded quantum safety range radar device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the probability of outputting the first and second time states from the laser is 1/4 and the probability of outputting the phase state is 1/2.
11. A time phase encoded quantum safety ranging radar apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the first echo component and the second echo component output from the two output ports of the polarization processing and beam splitting module have the same amplitude and polarization state.
12. A method of safe ranging, characterized in that the following steps are performed by a time-phase encoded quantum safe ranging radar apparatus according to any one of claims 1-11:
Step S1: the light pulse generated by the main laser is split into two sub-pulses by the unequal arm interferometer module and then injected into the auxiliary laser, 3 time phase coding emission quantum state sequences are randomly generated and used as detection signals of the quantum security radar;
step S2: the detection signal irradiates the target object, an echo quantum state is formed after the detection signal is reflected, and a first echo component and a second echo component are generated after the echo quantum state is subjected to polarization treatment and a beam splitting module;
step S3: the first echo component enters a first single photon detector to be detected, and a first detection sequence D1 is recorded; the second echo component returns to the unequal arm interferometer module to interfere, and the generated interference light signal enters a second single photon detector to be detected, and a second detection sequence D2 is recorded;
Step S4: carrying out shift cross-correlation operation on the emission quantum state sequence and the first detection sequence D1, and obtaining a target distance when the shift cross-correlation operation reaches a peak value;
step S5: and (3) matching the emission quantum state sequence with detection results of the first echo component and the second echo component respectively according to the target distance obtained in the step (S4), counting the Z-base error rate according to the first detection sequence D1, counting the X-base error rate according to the second detection sequence D2, obtaining the average error rates of the Z-base and the X-base, and judging that the target is deceptive-jamming when the average error rate is larger than an error rate threshold value.
13. The method for safe ranging as claimed in claim 12, wherein the statistical method of the Z-base error rate in step S5 is as follows:
step S5.1z: each element of the first detection sequence D1 is in one-to-one correspondence with each element of the emission quantum state sequence, so that two adjacent elements in the first detection sequence D1 are used as a group to respectively correspond to the previous time window and the next time window of the first single photon detector;
step S5.2z: counting detection counts C1E and C1L of front and rear two time windows in a first detection sequence D1 corresponding to a first time state in the emission quantum state sequence, and detection counts C2E and C2L of front and rear two time windows in the first detection sequence D1 corresponding to a second time state in the emission quantum state sequence;
Step S5.3z: the Z-base error rate ez= (c1l+c2e)/(c1e+c1l+c2e+c2l) is calculated.
14. The method for safe ranging as claimed in claim 12, wherein the statistical method of the X-base bit error rate in step S5 is as follows:
Step s5.1x: each element of the second detection sequence D2 is in one-to-one correspondence with each element of the emission quantum state sequence, so that two adjacent elements in the second detection sequence D2 are used as a group to respectively correspond to the previous time window and the next time window of the second single photon detector;
Step s5.2x: counting the detection count Cx of the latter time window in the second detection sequence D2 corresponding to the phase state in the emission quantum state sequence; counting detection counts Cs1 of a previous time window in a second detection sequence D2 corresponding to the phase state when the previous quantum state in the emission quantum state sequence is the first time state and the next quantum state is the phase state, and detection counts Cs2 of a previous time window in the second detection sequence D2 corresponding to the second time state when the previous quantum state in the emission quantum state sequence is the phase state and the next quantum state is the second time state;
step s5.3x: the X-base error rate ex=cx/[ 8 (Cs 1+ Cs 2) ].
15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the bit error rate threshold in the step S5 is 25%.
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