CN118011071A - Current detection device, method and medium based on NV color center ensemble sensor - Google Patents
Current detection device, method and medium based on NV color center ensemble sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a current detection device, comprising: the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor comprises diamond, wherein the diamond comprises an NV color center and is used for measuring a magnetic field generated by a current wire to be measured; the laser module is used for generating a laser signal so as to excite the NV color center of the diamond to generate a fluorescent signal and enabling the NV color center of the diamond to be spin-polarized to a 0 state; the microwave module is used for generating spin resonance microwave pulses so that the spin energy level of the NV color center is modulated to +/-1 state; the fluorescence detection module is used for detecting the fluorescence intensity change of the NV color center; and a measurement control and data calculation module for analyzing the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs and calculating the current value in the wire. Thus, the device realizes high-precision indirect measurement of the current. Exemplary current detection methods and computer-readable storage media are also disclosed.
Description
Technical Field
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of current detection technology; and more particularly, to a current detection apparatus, method and storage medium based on an NV color center ensemble sensor.
Background
In recent years, magnetic sensor technology based on NV color center makes a series of breakthroughs, can realize higher magnetic measurement precision, and has potential high reliability advantage. The technology can be applied to the field of current detection, and is used for improving some technical bottlenecks of the existing transformer, such as lower precision, higher failure rate, ferromagnetic resonance and eddy current, and the like.
Typical NV color center magnetic sensors include elements such as lasers, microwave systems, photoelectric converters, signal acquisition systems, etc., where the radiation structures of the photoelectric converters, microwave systems are typically mounted on the sensor probe and the other elements are mounted in the back-end control system. An optical path is arranged between the rear end control system and the NV color center sensor probe, and the optical path comprises, but is not limited to, an optical fiber, a microwave coaxial line and a signal line, wherein the optical fiber is used for transmitting a laser signal output by a laser, the microwave coaxial line is used for transmitting a microwave signal of a microwave system, and the signal line is used for transmitting a weak current signal generated by a photoelectric converter to a signal acquisition system.
However, in the application environment of the current detection technology, high voltage and strong electric field are accompanied around the current to be detected, which puts a series of restrictions on the NV color center magnetic sensor. When measuring the current, the magneto-electric ammeter needs to be connected with the current. If the current is large, certain power consumption is generated on the ammeter, and the heating effect of the ammeter can bring fire hazard. The hall effect sensor provides lower measurement accuracy; and the drift of sensing accuracy is significant, and compensation is needed many times. Accordingly, there is a need to develop new current detection devices and methods to address the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve high-precision indirect measurement of current, a first aspect of the present invention provides a current detection device comprising: the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor comprises diamond, wherein the diamond comprises an NV color center and is used for measuring a magnetic field generated by a current wire to be measured; the laser module is used for generating a laser signal so as to excite the NV color center of the diamond to generate a fluorescent signal and enabling the NV color center of the diamond to be spin-polarized to a 0 state; the microwave module is used for generating spin resonance microwave pulses so that the spin energy level of the NV color center is modulated to +/-1 state; the fluorescence detection module is used for detecting the fluorescence intensity change of the NV color center; and a measurement control and data calculation module for analyzing the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs and calculating the current value in the wire.
In some embodiments, the crystal orientation of the diamond in the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor forms a preset angle with the current flow direction of the current wire to be measured, so that at least one main axis direction of the NV color center is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction generated by the current to be measured in the wire.
In some embodiments, a first optical path is provided between the laser module and the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor such that a laser signal generated by the laser module is transmitted to the diamond to cause the diamond to generate a fluorescent signal.
In some embodiments, a second optical pathway is provided between the fluorescence detection module and the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor.
In some embodiments, the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor includes evenly distributed diamond NV color centers.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a current detection method for a current detection apparatus as defined in the claims, the method comprising: the laser module outputs a laser signal, and transmits the laser signal to the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor through a first optical path, so that the NV color center of the diamond is spin-polarized to 0 state, and a fluorescent signal is generated; the fluorescence detection module detects the fluorescence intensity change of the NV color center through a second light path; generating spin resonance microwave pulses by using the microwave module, so that the spin energy level of the NV color center is modulated to +/-1 state; and analyzing the microwave frequency of the spin magnetic resonance by using the measurement control and data calculation module, and calculating the current value in the wire.
In some embodiments, further comprising: determining the intensity of the fluorescent signal; the amplitude I of the current to be measured is obtained according to the following relation:
I＝B·(2πr)/μ0
Wherein B represents the magnetic induction intensity measured by the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor, r represents the distance from the center of the lead, and mu 0 represents the magnetic constant 4pi× -7N/A2.
In some embodiments, before analyzing the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs with the measurement control and data calculation module and calculating the current value in the wire, further comprising: and if the NV color center spin energy level of the diamond does not transition, continuously receiving the fluorescence signal.
In some embodiments, the detection end condition includes at least one of the following conditions: the obtained duration of the current waveform in the lead reaches a preset time; and the number of the calculated amplitude values of the current to be measured reaches a preset value.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned current detection method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the claimed invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a current detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a current detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that such uses are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a current detection device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Which provides a current detection device. The device can solve the problem that the verification rhythm is limited by a software algorithm part and affects the verification work efficiency, and the device 100 comprises: the NV colour centre ensemble sensor 104, i.e. a diamond NV colour centre ensemble sensor, comprises diamond containing an NV colour centre for measuring the magnetic field generated by the current wire to be measured; the laser module 102 is used for generating a laser signal to excite an NV color center to generate a fluorescent signal and enabling the NV color center of the diamond to be spin-polarized to a 0 state; a microwave module 108 for generating spin resonance microwave pulses such that the NV color center spin level is modulated to a + -1 state; a fluorescence detection module 106 for detecting the NV color center fluorescence intensity variation; and a measurement control and data calculation module 110 for analyzing the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs and calculating the current value in the wire under test.
The NV color center ensemble sensor 104 may include an entrance end, an exit end, and diamond containing a NV color center, the diamond disposed between the entrance end and the exit end. A first optical path is arranged between the laser module 102 and the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104, so that a laser signal is transmitted to the diamond containing the NV color center, and the diamond generates a fluorescent signal; the first optical path serves as an incident optical path. The laser signal is transmitted to the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104 through a first optical path to cause the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104 to generate a fluorescent signal.
A second optical path is provided between the fluorescence detection module 106 and the diamond NV colour centre ensemble sensor 104. And receiving a fluorescent signal through the second light path as an emergent light path, and obtaining the current to be measured of the space where the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104 is located according to the fluorescent signal.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104 may be placed in a space to be measured to detect a current to be measured in the space to be measured. Specifically, diamond containing NV color centers is provided in the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104. When a laser signal is incident on the diamond-containing NV color center ensemble sensor 104, the diamond therein generates a fluorescent signal, and the intensity of the fluorescent signal corresponds to the current to be measured in the space to be measured. Therefore, the corresponding relation between the intensity of the fluorescent signal and the current to be measured and the intensity of the fluorescent signal are obtained, so that the current to be measured in the space where the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor 104 is located can be detected. The principle is described as follows:
based on Maxwell-ampere loop theorem, the current I in the closed loop is equal to the integral of the magnetic induction B in the loop along the whole loop L, namely
∮B·dL＝μ0·I
Wherein μ 0 has a magnetic constant equal to 4pi× -7N/A2.
In practical measurement, the current lead is generally circular in cross section, and the magnetic field distribution is centrosymmetric on the lead cross section under the condition of not considering the external magnetic field environment and medium, so that the magnetic induction intensity B measured by NV is at a point r from the center of the lead
B＝μ0·I/(2πr)
The NV color center magnetic resonance frequency is related not only to the magnitude of the magnetic field, but also to the angle of the N-V axis and the direction of the magnetic field. There are 4 different axial directions in the NV color center, one of which is selected for measurement convenience and calculation accuracy, and angle control is performed on the sensing distance r, so that the N-V axis is parallel to the magnetic field. Based on ampere's law, in practice this is the case where the current lead is perpendicular to the N-V axis. In this case, the NV electron spin resonance frequency f is related to the magnetic field B
f＝γ·B
Wherein gamma is the electron gyromagnetic ratio of the NV color center and is equal to 28GHz/T.
In combination with the above formula, in current sensing application, the wire current I measured by the NV color center ammeter should be:
I＝B·(2πr)/μ0
In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the crystal orientation of the diamond in the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor forms a preset angle with the current flow direction of the current wire to be measured, so that at least one main axis direction of the NV color center is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction generated by the current to be measured.
In some exemplary embodiments of the invention, diamond NV colour centers are evenly distributed in the diamond NV colour center ensemble sensor.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a current detection method 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the method is based on the current detection device disclosed by the invention, and specifically comprises the following steps: and 202, generating a fluorescence signal, namely, outputting the laser signal by the laser module, transmitting the laser signal to the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor through a first optical path, and enabling the NV color center spin of the diamond to be polarized to 0 state, so as to generate the fluorescence signal. Step 204, detecting the fluorescence intensity change, namely, the fluorescence detection module detects the NV color center fluorescence intensity change through a second light path; the first optical path and the second optical path may be optical fibers, or may be a space optical transmission path formed by an objective lens or a lens. At step 206, a spin resonance microwave pulse is generated, i.e., using the microwave module to generate a spin resonance microwave pulse such that the NV color center spin level is modulated to a ±1 state. In step 208, the current value in the wire to be measured is calculated, that is, the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs is analyzed by the measurement control and data calculation module, and the current value in the wire to be measured is calculated.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the current detection method 200 further includes: determining the intensity of the fluorescent signal; the amplitude I of the current to be measured is obtained according to the following relation:
I＝B·(2πr)/μ0
wherein B represents the magnetic induction intensity measured by the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor, r represents the distance from the center of the lead, and mu 0 represents the magnetic constant 4 pi multiplied by 10 < -7 > N/A2.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the current detection method 200 further includes: before analyzing the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs and calculating the current value in the wire using the measurement control and data calculation module, the method further comprises: and if the NV color center spin energy level of the diamond does not transition, continuously receiving the fluorescence signal.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the detection end condition includes at least one of the following conditions: the obtained duration of the current waveform in the wire to be tested reaches a preset time; or the number of the calculated amplitude values of the current to be measured reaches a preset value.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a terminal device 300 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The communication terminal device 300 may include: at least one processor 302; and at least one memory 304 including computer program code, the at least one memory 304 and the computer program code 306 configured to, with the at least one processor 302, cause the communication terminal device 300 to perform: the terminal device may implement the steps of the excitation signal domain generation method for chip simulation verification in the above embodiment of the present invention.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which can implement the steps of the excitation signal domain generation method for chip simulation verification in the above embodiment of the invention.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program product; a processor for executing the computer program product stored in the memory, and when the computer program product is executed, the electronic device may implement the steps of the excitation signal generation method for chip emulation verification in the above-described embodiment of the present invention.
The processor may be a CPU or other form of processing unit having data processing and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform the desired functions.
The memory may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or cache memory (cache), and the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, and the like. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer readable storage medium that can be executed by a processor to implement the task generating methods and/or other desired functions of the various embodiments of the present invention described above.
In one example, the electronic device may further include: input devices and output devices, which are interconnected by a bus system and/or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).
In addition, the input device may include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
The output device may output various information including the determined distance information, direction information, etc., to the outside. The output devices may include, for example, a display, speakers, a printer, and a communication network and remote output devices connected thereto, etc.
Of course, the present invention shows only some of the components of the electronic device that are relevant to the present invention, omitting components such as buses, input/output interfaces, etc., for simplicity. In addition, the electronic device may include any other suitable components depending on the particular application.
In addition to the methods and apparatus described above, embodiments of the invention may also be computer program products comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform steps in a task generating method according to various embodiments of the invention described in the above section of the specification.
In the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for a portion of this disclosure that is not described in detail in this embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed client may be implemented in other manners. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely exemplary, and are merely a logical functional division, and there may be other manners of dividing the apparatus in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interfaces, units or modules, or may be in electrical or other forms.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution provided in the present embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may also be a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, which, when being executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in a task generating method according to various embodiments of the present invention described in the above section of the present specification.
The computer readable storage medium may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may include, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware associated with program instructions, where the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The basic principles of the present invention have been described above in connection with specific embodiments, but it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present invention are merely examples and not intended to be limiting, and these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are not to be construed as necessarily possessed by the various embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and understanding only, and are not intended to be limiting, as the invention is not necessarily limited to practice with the above described specific details.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A current detection device, comprising:
the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor comprises diamond, wherein the diamond comprises an NV color center and is used for measuring a magnetic field generated by a current wire to be measured;
The laser module is used for generating a laser signal so as to excite the NV color center of the diamond to generate a fluorescent signal and enabling the NV color center of the diamond to be spin-polarized to a 0 state;
The microwave module is used for generating spin resonance microwave pulses so that the spin energy level of the NV color center is modulated to +/-1 state;
The fluorescence detection module is used for detecting the fluorescence intensity change of the NV color center; and
And the measurement control and data calculation module is used for analyzing the microwave frequency of the spin magnetic resonance and calculating the current value in the wire.
2. The current detecting device according to claim 1, wherein a crystal orientation of the diamond in the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor forms a preset angle with a current flow direction of the current wire to be detected, so that at least one main axis direction of the NV color center is perpendicular to a magnetic field direction generated by the current to be detected in the wire.
3. The current detection device of claim 1, wherein a first optical path is provided between the laser module and the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor such that a laser signal generated by the laser module is transmitted to the diamond to cause the diamond to generate a fluorescent signal.
4. The current detection device of claim 1, wherein a second optical path is provided between the fluorescence detection module and the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor.
5. The current detection device of claim 1, wherein the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor includes evenly distributed diamond NV color centers.
6. A current detection method for use in the current detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
the laser module outputs a laser signal, and transmits the laser signal to the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor through a first optical path, so that the NV color center of the diamond is spin-polarized to 0 state, and a fluorescent signal is generated;
The fluorescence detection module detects the fluorescence intensity change of the NV color center through a second light path;
Generating spin resonance microwave pulses by using the microwave module, so that the spin energy level of the NV color center is modulated to +/-1 state;
and analyzing the microwave frequency of the spin magnetic resonance by using the measurement control and data calculation module, and calculating the current value in the wire.
7. The current detection method according to claim 6, further comprising:
Determining the intensity of the fluorescent signal;
the amplitude I of the current to be measured is obtained according to the following relation:
I＝B·(2πr)/μ0
Wherein B represents the magnetic induction intensity measured by the diamond NV color center ensemble sensor, r represents the distance from the center of the lead, and mu 0 represents the magnetic constant 4pi× -7N/A2.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising, prior to analyzing the microwave frequency at which the spin magnetic resonance occurs with the measurement control and data calculation module and calculating the current value in the wire:
and if the NV color center spin energy level of the diamond does not transition, continuously receiving the fluorescence signal.
9. The current detection method according to claim 8, wherein the detection end condition includes at least one of:
the obtained duration of the current waveform in the lead reaches a preset time; and
The number of the calculated amplitude values of the current to be measured reaches a preset value.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the current detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
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