CN118008658A - Mixed-flow water turbine and application method thereof - Google Patents
Mixed-flow water turbine and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118008658A CN118008658A CN202410414997.9A CN202410414997A CN118008658A CN 118008658 A CN118008658 A CN 118008658A CN 202410414997 A CN202410414997 A CN 202410414997A CN 118008658 A CN118008658 A CN 118008658A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/02—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with radial flow at high-pressure side and axial flow at low-pressure side of rotors, e.g. Francis turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/08—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator for removing foreign matter, e.g. mud
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a mixed flow water turbine and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydraulic engines, and comprising a water inlet pipe, a runner maintenance structure, a volute, a water turbine main body, a taper pipe and a draft tube; the runner maintenance structure comprises a synergy pipe detachably arranged between the water inlet pipe and the volute, wherein the inside of the synergy pipe is connected with a supporting ring, and an inner barrier component is arranged on the supporting ring. The inner barrier component installed in the runner maintenance structure intercepts hard sand grains moving along with water flow before the water flow enters the water turbine main body, so that the situation that the runner blades in the water turbine main body are impacted by the sand grains to form blade line type patterns is effectively avoided, the deformation degree of the inner barrier component after being impacted by sand stone can be monitored through the pressure-sensitive unit arranged in the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity when the hard sand grains along with water flow are intercepted, and fault alarm signals can be timely sent to staff when the deformation degree of the inner barrier component is greater than an extreme value.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engines, in particular to a mixed-flow water turbine and a use method thereof.
Background
The mixed-flow water turbine has compact structure and higher efficiency, can adapt to a very wide water head range, and is one of the types of water turbines widely adopted in various countries in the world at present. As shown in fig. 1, the principle of operation of the francis turbine is to convert the potential energy of water into mechanical energy of runner blades installed in the main body 4 of the turbine, and the runner blades drive the main shaft to rotate and provide power for the components to be driven.
However, when the conventional francis turbine is in actual use, hard sand grains in the silt-rich river easily enter the turbine main body 4 along with water flow and strike the runner blades, the repeated striking can lead to gradual formation of a plurality of concave-convex points on the surfaces of the runner blades, and aggravate abrasion of the runner blades to lead to thinning of the blades, leading to linear shape of the blades, so that the output efficiency of the francis turbine is directly affected, frequent abrasion can also shorten the maintenance period of the francis turbine, prolong the maintenance period and increase the maintenance cost of the francis turbine.
In view of this, we propose a francis turbine and a method of using the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: the application aims to provide a mixed-flow water turbine and a use method thereof, which solve the technical problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme is as follows: the technical scheme of the application provides a mixed flow water turbine, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a runner maintenance structure, a volute, a water turbine main body, a taper pipe and a draft tube;
the runner maintenance structure comprises a synergy pipe detachably arranged between the water inlet pipe and the volute, the inside of the synergy pipe is connected with a supporting ring, and an inner barrier component is arranged on the supporting ring;
the inner barrier component comprises a metal interception plate which is detachably arranged on the supporting ring, a plurality of interception holes with inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of sand grains are uniformly formed in the metal interception plate, an annular cavity and a plurality of induction cavities are formed in the wall thickness of the metal interception plate, the induction cavities are communicated with each other, one or more of the induction cavities are communicated with the annular cavity, an inner first gas part and an inner second gas part are respectively filled in the induction cavities, a coordination mechanism is further arranged in the induction cavities, a pressure-sensitive unit is arranged in the annular cavity, an outer cover shell is connected to the side wall of the coordination pipe, a control module is connected in the outer cover shell, and a wireless signal transmitter is connected to the control module;
The pressure-sensitive unit comprises a hollow cylinder seat connected to the inside of the annular cavity, an inscription supporting rod is connected to the inside of the hollow cylinder seat, a fourth trigger piece is connected to the side wall of the inscription supporting rod, an opening is formed in the position corresponding to the fourth trigger piece on the side wall of the hollow cylinder seat, an elastic diaphragm is connected to the opening, and a third trigger piece is connected to one side of the elastic diaphragm, which is closer to the fourth trigger piece;
When the metal interception plate surface and the corresponding position of the sensing cavity are impacted by hard sand grains to form pits, and the internal air pressure of the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity is larger than the elastic force of the elastic membrane, the elastic membrane swells and drives the third trigger piece to be contacted with the fourth trigger piece.
As an alternative to the technical solution of the present application, the main body of the water turbine is mounted on the volute, and the water flow flowing in the volute drives the runner blades inside the main body of the water turbine to rotate;
The taper pipe is arranged at the water outlet at the bottom of the water turbine main body, and the draft tube is arranged at the water outlet of the taper pipe.
As an alternative scheme of the technical scheme of the application, the coordination mechanism comprises a balance plug seat which is connected in a sealing sliding manner in the corresponding induction cavity, a guide rod is connected to the balance plug seat, and a strip-shaped seat connected in the induction cavity is sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod;
one end of the guide rod, which is far away from the balance plug seat, is connected with a first trigger piece, and the strip-shaped seat is connected with a second trigger piece which cooperates with the first trigger piece.
As an alternative to the technical solution of the present application, the balance plug seat is interposed between the first gas portion and the second gas portion filled in the sensing cavity.
As an alternative to the technical solution of the present application, when the balance plug seat is in the initial position, the end of the first trigger piece remote from the guide rod abuts against the end of the induction cavity.
As an alternative to the technical solution of the present application, when the first trigger member contacts with the second trigger member, the trigger control module controls the wireless signal transmitter to send out the first feedback signal.
As an alternative to the technical solution of the present application, when the third trigger piece contacts with the fourth trigger piece, the trigger control module controls the wireless signal transmitter to send out the second feedback signal.
As an alternative scheme of the technical scheme of the application, the distances between all the induction cavities and one side of the metal interception plate, which is far away from the support ring, are equal;
The distance between the induction cavity and one side of the metal interception plate, which is close to the support ring, is greater than the distance between the induction cavity and one side of the metal interception plate, which is far away from the support ring.
As an alternative to the technical scheme of the application, the distance between the annular cavity and the side of the metal interception plate, which is close to the support ring, is smaller than the distance between the annular cavity and the side of the metal interception plate, which is far away from the support ring.
The technical scheme of the application provides a use method of a mixed-flow water turbine, which comprises the following steps:
S1, opening a water inlet valve of a water inlet pipe, and enabling water flow to flow into the stable rotating wheel structure through the water inlet pipe;
S2, intercepting hard sand grains moving along with water flow through an inner barrier component in the runner maintenance structure, so that the hard sand grains in the sediment-laden river are prevented from impacting runner blades in the water turbine body after flowing into the water turbine body along with the water flow;
s3, enabling water flow to enter the water turbine main body, then enabling the water flow to pass through the fixed guide vane blades and then contact with the runner blades, pushing the runner blades to rotate, and then enabling the runner blades to drive a main shaft in the water turbine main body to rotate;
s4, the water flow which does work flows into the taper pipe through the water outlet of the water turbine main body, and then is discharged through the draft tube.
The beneficial effects are that: one or more technical schemes provided in the technical scheme of the application at least have the following technical effects or advantages: 1. in the running process of the mixed flow water turbine, the inner barrier component installed in the runner maintenance structure intercepts hard sand grains moving along with water flow before the water flow enters the water turbine main body, so that the condition that the runner blades in the water turbine main body are impacted by the sand grains to cause blade line type sample feeding is effectively avoided, the output efficiency of the mixed flow water turbine is not affected, the service life of the water turbine is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the mixed flow water turbine is reduced.
2. The inner barrier component can also monitor the deformation degree of the inner barrier component after being impacted by sand through the pressure-sensitive unit arranged in the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity when the inner barrier component intercepts hard sand along with water flow, and can monitor the deformation degree of the inner barrier component when the deformation degree of the inner barrier component is larger than an extreme value, namely, the internal air pressure of the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity is larger than elastic membrane elasticity at the moment, so that the elastic membrane swells and drives the third triggering piece to contact with the fourth triggering piece and trigger the control module to control the wireless signal transmitter to send out a second feedback signal outwards, thereby the mixed-flow water turbine can actively and timely send a fault alarm signal to staff when a runner steady structure breaks down in the operation process, the staff is reminded to replace the broken inner barrier component in time, the normal operation of the mixed-flow water turbine is guaranteed, the inner barrier component is prevented from being damaged and the deformation degree of the inner barrier component is not found timely after being larger than the extreme value, the damaged degree is further caused, the hole diameter of the interception hole on the metal interception plate is enlarged or the shape is changed to cause the inner barrier component to intercept sand to descend, the sand to cause the sand to penetrate through the blade to break down, and the fault-free performance of the runner is improved, and the fault-free flow performance of the runner is improved, and the fault-flow system is guaranteed.
3. When the water flow velocity in the mixed flow water turbine is large, hard sand stone moving along with the water flow impacts the surface of the metal interception plate, crack defects appear on the surface of the metal interception plate, and when cracks propagate to the induction cavity, a first gas part in the induction cavity is discharged through the cracks, after the gas pressure in the induction cavity is gradually reduced, under the pushing of the gas pressure of a second gas part, the balance plug seat drives the first trigger piece to move towards the direction of the second trigger piece, after the first trigger piece contacts with the second trigger piece, the trigger control module controls the wireless signal transmitter to outwards send out a first feedback signal, so that after the internal barrier component has crack defects and the impact resistance of the internal barrier component is greatly reduced, workers can be timely reminded of replacing the internal barrier component which has faults through the sent first feedback signal, and normal and efficient operation of the mixed flow water turbine is ensured.
4. After the runner maintenance structure connected between the water inlet pipe and the volute is disassembled, the metal interception plate is disassembled from the supporting ring, so that a worker can conveniently disassemble, assemble and replace the inner barrier component which is in failure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rotor dimensional stability structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional and partial structure of a metal interception plate in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the hollow cylinder seat of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the change of air pressure in the sensing cavity when the pit appears due to the impact of hard sand particles on the surface of the metal interception plate and the corresponding position of the sensing cavity.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention, wherein cracks appear on the surface of the metal interception plate due to impact of hard sand grains, and the pressure change inside the sensing cavity is sensed.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1. a water inlet pipe; 2. and (3) a runner dimensional stability structure: 201. a synergy pipe; 202. an outer housing; 203. a control module; 204. a wireless signal transmitter; 205. a support ring; 206. a metal interception plate; 207. a first gas portion; 208. a second gas part; 209. a balance plug seat; 210. a guide bar; 211. a first trigger; 212. a second trigger; 213. a hollow cylinder seat; 214. inscribing the supporting rod; 217. an elastic membrane; 218. a third trigger; 219. a fourth trigger; 3. a scroll; 4. a water turbine main body; 5. a taper pipe; 6. a draft tube.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present application, based on the embodiments of the present application, which is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a francis turbine including a water inlet pipe 1, a runner maintenance structure 2, a volute 3, a turbine body 4, a cone pipe 5 and a draft tube 6; the runner maintenance structure 2 comprises a synergy pipe 201 which is detachably arranged between the water inlet pipe 1 and the volute 3, wherein the detachable installation mode comprises threaded connection and buckle connection, the inside of the synergy pipe 201 is connected with a support ring 205, and an inner barrier component is arranged on the support ring 205; the inner barrier component comprises a metal interception plate 206 which is detachably arranged on a supporting ring 205, wherein the detachable installation mode comprises threaded connection and buckling connection, the metal interception plate 206 is made of stainless steel materials, a plurality of interception holes with inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of sand grains are uniformly formed in the metal interception plate 206, an annular cavity and a plurality of induction cavities are formed in the wall thickness of the metal interception plate 206, each induction cavity is communicated with each other, one or more of the induction cavities are communicated with the annular cavity, the annular cavity is annularly arranged on the periphery of the induction cavities, a first gas part 207 and a second gas part 208 are respectively filled in the induction cavities, a coordination mechanism is further arranged in the induction cavities, a pressure sensitive unit is arranged in the annular cavity, an outer cover shell 202 is connected to the side wall of the synergy pipe 201, a control module 203 is connected to the outer cover shell 202, and the control module 203 is a common prior art which has the functions of completing operation and processing tasks for a control chip and the like, and a wireless signal transmitter 204 is connected to the control module 203; the pressure-sensitive unit comprises a hollow cylinder seat 213 connected to the inside of the annular cavity, an internal connection supporting rod 214 is connected to the inside of the hollow cylinder seat 213, a fourth trigger piece 219 is connected to the side wall of the internal connection supporting rod 214, an opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the fourth trigger piece 219, of the side wall of the hollow cylinder seat 213, an elastic diaphragm 217 is connected to the opening, and a third trigger piece 218 is connected to one side, closer to the fourth trigger piece 219, of the elastic diaphragm 217; when the surface of the metal interception plate 206 is impacted by hard sand particles at the position corresponding to the position of the sensing cavity, so that the internal air pressure of the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity is larger than the elastic force of the elastic membrane 217, the elastic membrane 217 expands and drives the third trigger piece 218 to be in contact with the fourth trigger piece 219. When the third trigger 218 contacts the fourth trigger 219, the trigger control module 203 controls the wireless signal transmitter 204 to send out a second feedback signal. All the induction cavities have the same distance from the side of the metal interception plate 206 far away from the support ring 205; the distance between the sensing cavity and the side of the metal interception plate 206, which is close to the support ring 205, is greater than the distance between the sensing cavity and the side of the metal interception plate 206, which is far away from the support ring 205. The distance between the annular cavity and the side of the metal interception plate 206 close to the support ring 205 is smaller than the distance between the annular cavity and the side of the metal interception plate 206 far from the support ring 205. The water turbine main body 4 is arranged on the volute 3, and water flowing in the volute 3 drives runner blades in the water turbine main body 4 to rotate; the taper pipe 5 is arranged at the water outlet at the bottom of the water turbine main body 4, and the draft tube 6 is arranged at the water outlet of the taper pipe 5. In the running process of the mixed flow water turbine, the inner barrier component installed in the runner maintenance structure 2 intercepts hard sand grains moving along with water flow before the water flow enters the water turbine main body 4, so that the condition that the runner blades in the water turbine main body 4 are impacted by the sand grains to cause blade line type sample-moving is effectively avoided, the output efficiency of the mixed flow water turbine is not affected, the service life of the water turbine is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the mixed flow water turbine is reduced. Referring to fig. 5, when the inner barrier component intercepts the hard sand particles along with the water flow, the deformation degree of the inner barrier component after being impacted by sand can be monitored through the pressure-sensitive unit arranged in the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity, and when the deformation degree of the inner barrier component is greater than the extreme value, that is, the internal air pressure of the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity is greater than the elastic force of the elastic diaphragm 217, the elastic diaphragm 217 swells and drives the third trigger piece 218 to contact with the fourth trigger piece 219 and trigger the control module 203 to control the wireless signal transmitter 204 to send out a second feedback signal, so that the mixed-flow water turbine can actively and timely send a fault alarm signal to a worker when the runner maintenance structure 2 fails in the operation process, the worker is reminded of timely replacing the failed inner barrier component, so that the normal operation of the mixed-flow water turbine is avoided, the problem that the inner barrier component is further damaged due to the fact that the inner barrier component is damaged and the deformation degree is not found in time is greater than the extreme value is avoided, the hole aperture of the elastic diaphragm 217 is swelled, the third trigger piece 218 is driven to contact with the fourth trigger piece 219, the control module 203 is triggered to send out a second feedback signal outwards, and accordingly, the mixed-flow water turbine is enabled to take place in the operation process when the runner maintenance structure fails, the fault is stopped, the mixed-flow water turbine is also can be conveniently and the maintenance condition is guaranteed, and the fault condition is caused to the runner is well, and the performance of the turbine is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a francis turbine, where the coordination mechanism includes a balance plug seat 209 hermetically and slidably connected to the inside of a corresponding induction cavity, a guide rod 210 is connected to the balance plug seat 209, and a strip seat connected to the inside of the induction cavity is sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod 210; the end of the guide rod 210 far away from the balance plug seat 209 is connected with a first trigger piece 211, and the strip-shaped seat is connected with a second trigger piece 212 which cooperates with the first trigger piece 211. The balance plug seat 209 is interposed between the first gas portion 207 and the second gas portion 208 filled in the sensing chamber. When the balance plug seat 209 is in the initial position, the end of the first trigger 211 remote from the guide rod 210 abuts against the end of the sensing cavity. When the first trigger 211 contacts with the second trigger 212, the trigger control module 203 controls the wireless signal transmitter 204 to send out a first feedback signal. Referring to fig. 6, when the flow velocity of water in the mixed-flow hydraulic turbine is large, so that the hard sand moving along with the water flow impacts the surface of the metal interception plate 206 and causes a crack defect to appear on the surface of the metal interception plate 206, and when the crack propagates to the sensing cavity, the first gas portion 207 in the sensing cavity is discharged through the crack, after the gas pressure in the sensing cavity is gradually reduced, the balance plug seat 209 drives the first trigger piece 211 to move towards the direction of the second trigger piece 212 under the pushing of the gas pressure of the second gas portion 208, and after the first trigger piece 211 contacts with the second trigger piece 212, the trigger control module 203 controls the wireless signal transmitter 204 to send out a first feedback signal, so that after the crack defect occurs and the impact resistance of the inner barrier component is greatly reduced, a worker can be timely reminded of timely replacing the failed inner barrier component through the sent first feedback signal, and normal and efficient operation of the mixed-flow hydraulic turbine is ensured. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, after the rotor stabilizing structure 2 connected between the water inlet pipe 1 and the scroll case 3 is disassembled, the metal interception plate 206 is disassembled from the support ring 205, thereby facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the failed inner barrier assembly by a worker.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The wireless signal transmitter 204 is electrically connected to an external master controller, and the master controller is a common prior art with a control function such as a computer.
The embodiment of the application provides a use method of a mixed-flow water turbine, which comprises the following steps,
S1, opening a water inlet valve of a water inlet pipe 1, and enabling water flow to flow into a runner maintenance structure 2 through the water inlet pipe 1;
S2, intercepting hard sand grains moving along with water flow through an inner barrier component in the runner maintenance structure 2, so that the hard sand grains in the sediment-laden river are prevented from impacting runner blades in the water turbine main body 4 after flowing into the water turbine main body 4 along with the water flow;
S3, enabling water flow to enter the water turbine main body 4, then enabling the water flow to pass through the fixed guide vane blades and then contact with the runner blades, pushing the runner blades to rotate, and then enabling the runner blades to drive a main shaft in the water turbine main body 4 to rotate;
S4, the water flow which does work flows into the taper pipe 5 through the water outlet of the water turbine main body 4, and is then discharged through the draft tube 6.
Claims (10)
1. A francis turbine, characterized by: comprises a water inlet pipe (1), a runner maintenance structure (2), a volute (3), a water turbine main body (4), a taper pipe (5) and a draft tube (6);
The runner maintenance structure (2) comprises a synergy pipe (201) which is detachably arranged between the water inlet pipe (1) and the volute (3), the synergy pipe (201) is internally connected with a support ring (205), and an inner barrier component is arranged on the support ring (205);
the inner barrier assembly comprises a metal interception plate (206) detachably mounted on a supporting ring (205), a plurality of interception holes with inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of sand grains are uniformly formed in the metal interception plate (206), an annular cavity and a plurality of induction cavities are formed in the wall thickness of the metal interception plate (206), one or more of the induction cavities are communicated with each other, the induction cavities are respectively filled with an inner first gas part (207) and a second gas part (208), a coordination mechanism is further arranged in the induction cavities, a pressure sensitive unit is arranged in the annular cavity, an outer cover shell (202) is connected to the side wall of a synergistic pipe (201), a control module (203) is connected in the outer cover shell (202), and a wireless signal transmitter (204) is connected to the control module (203);
The pressure-sensitive unit comprises a hollow cylinder seat (213) connected to the inside of the annular cavity, an inscription supporting rod (214) is connected to the inside of the hollow cylinder seat (213), a fourth trigger piece (219) is connected to the side wall of the inscription supporting rod (214), an opening is formed in the position corresponding to the position of the fourth trigger piece (219) on the side wall of the hollow cylinder seat (213), an elastic membrane (217) is connected to the opening, and a third trigger piece (218) is connected to one side of the elastic membrane (217) closer to the fourth trigger piece (219);
When pits appear on the surface of the metal interception plate (206) corresponding to the position of the sensing cavity due to impact of hard sand grains, so that the internal air pressure of the annular cavity communicated with the sensing cavity is larger than the elastic force of the elastic membrane (217), the elastic membrane (217) swells and drives the third trigger piece (218) to be in contact with the fourth trigger piece (219).
2. The francis turbine of claim 1, wherein: the water turbine main body (4) is arranged on the volute (3), and water flowing in the volute (3) drives runner blades in the water turbine main body (4) to rotate;
The taper pipe (5) is arranged at the water outlet at the bottom of the water turbine main body (4), and the draft tube (6) is arranged at the water outlet of the taper pipe (5).
3. The francis turbine of claim 2, wherein: the coordination mechanism comprises a balance plug seat (209) which is connected in a sealing sliding manner in the corresponding induction cavity, a guide rod (210) is connected to the balance plug seat (209), and a strip-shaped seat connected in the induction cavity is sleeved on the periphery of the guide rod (210);
One end of the guide rod (210) far away from the balance plug seat (209) is connected with a first trigger piece (211), and the strip-shaped seat is connected with a second trigger piece (212) which cooperates with the first trigger piece (211).
4. A francis turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the balance plug seat (209) is arranged between the first gas part (207) and the second gas part (208) filled in the induction cavity.
5. A francis turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when the balance plug seat (209) is in an initial position, one end of the first trigger piece (211) far away from the guide rod (210) is abutted against the end of the induction cavity.
6. A francis turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when the first trigger piece (211) is contacted with the second trigger piece (212), the trigger control module (203) controls the wireless signal transmitter (204) to send out a first feedback signal.
7. The francis turbine of claim 1, wherein: when the third trigger piece (218) is contacted with the fourth trigger piece (219), the trigger control module (203) controls the wireless signal transmitter (204) to send out a second feedback signal.
8. The francis turbine of claim 1, wherein: the distances between all the induction cavities and one side of the metal interception plate (206) far away from the support ring (205) are equal;
The distance between the induction cavity and one side of the metal interception plate (206) close to the support ring (205) is larger than the distance between the induction cavity and one side of the metal interception plate (206) far away from the support ring (205).
9. The francis turbine of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the annular cavity and one side of the metal interception plate (206) close to the support ring (205) is smaller than the distance between the annular cavity and one side of the metal interception plate (206) far away from the support ring (205).
10. A method of using a francis turbine according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, opening a water inlet valve of a water inlet pipe (1), and enabling water flow to flow into the runner maintenance structure (2) through the water inlet pipe (1);
s2, intercepting hard sand grains moving along with water flow through an inner barrier component in the runner maintenance structure (2), so as to prevent the hard sand grains in the sediment-laden river from impacting runner blades in the water turbine main body (4) after flowing into the water turbine main body (4) along with the water flow;
S3, enabling water flow to enter the water turbine main body (4) and then pass through the fixed guide vane blades to contact with the runner blades, pushing the runner blades to rotate, and then driving a main shaft in the water turbine main body (4) to rotate by the runner blades;
S4, the water flow which does work flows into the taper pipe (5) through the water outlet of the water turbine main body (4), and then is discharged from the draft tube (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410414997.9A CN118008658B (en) | 2024-04-08 | 2024-04-08 | Mixed-flow water turbine and application method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410414997.9A CN118008658B (en) | 2024-04-08 | 2024-04-08 | Mixed-flow water turbine and application method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118008658A true CN118008658A (en) | 2024-05-10 |
| CN118008658B CN118008658B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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| CN202410414997.9A Active CN118008658B (en) | 2024-04-08 | 2024-04-08 | Mixed-flow water turbine and application method thereof |
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| CN118008658B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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