CN118002330A - Rapid sorting device and method for light matter evidence in fire scene and control system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid sorting device and method for light matter evidence in a fire scene and a control system thereof. The method comprises the following steps: opening a variable frequency fan, and enabling air flow to enter a cyclone separation cavity through a double inlet of an air inlet to form a spiral upward flow field; injecting materials into the cyclone separation cavity from the charging port, throwing the materials to the wall surface for rotation under the action of a flow field, and continuously colliding and grinding the materials in the high-speed rotation process; the soot with smaller hardness in the material is gradually reduced in particle size and gradually weakened in centrifugal force under the action of collision and grinding, and is conveyed to a gas-solid separation system along a vertical riser after reaching the standard; after the fine-grained materials enter the gas-solid separation system, according to the principle of a cyclone separator, air is discharged out of the system along a riser, and the fine-grained materials are effectively separated; after separation is completed, the variable frequency fan is closed, and coarse-grain materials and fine-grain materials are respectively collected; the collected fine-grained matter is further identified as a light matter evidence of a fire scene.

Description

A device, method and control system for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of dry sorting and separation of fine particles, and in particular to a device and method for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene and a control system thereof.

Background technique

The accurate extraction and analysis of physical evidence at the fire scene is the basic premise for determining the cause of the fire accident. Analyzing whether there is cigarette ash (referred to as soot) in the burning ashes is an important indicator for determining the cause of the fire. Under existing technical conditions, it is usually necessary to acid-leach and extract all the burning ashes at the scene, and then use the corresponding spectrometer to analyze the characteristic peaks of special substances in the soot. Due to the extremely low soot content, the above identification method not only has a large workload and a long identification cycle, but also has a low accuracy in identifying characteristic peaks. Therefore, it is crucial to separate and enrich the fine soot particles from the mixed solid burning gravel into a small amount of sample as much as possible.

At present, the traditional fine particle sorting technologies include: electric field sorting technology, magnetic field sorting technology, optical sorting technology and air flow sorting technology. Electric field sorting technology depends on the conductivity of the material, and has poor effect on some materials with similar conductivity; magnetic field sorting technology is only effective for magnetic materials, and is ineffective for non-magnetic materials; optical sorting technology has poor sorting effect on materials with similar colors or materials with unclear optical characteristics. There is no obvious difference in the electrical, magnetic and color properties of soot and ash, so electric, magnetic and optical sorting technologies are not suitable for soot sorting.

Airflow sorting is a process of separating particles based on their size, density and shape. In airflow sorting, particles are mixed in the airflow, and by adjusting the airflow speed and direction, large and small particles are subject to different gas resistances, causing them to settle or be carried separately. Airflow grinding is a process of mechanically grinding particles using high-speed airflow. In airflow grinding, particles are carried into the grinding chamber by a high-speed gas flow, where they collide and grind with the grinding media under the action of the gas. However, traditional airflow grinding equipment is usually large and expensive, and not suitable for portability.

Since the density and particle size of soot and ash are similar, but the particle shape is different, the air flow grinding method can be used to increase the particle size difference between soot and ash and the air flow sorting technology can be used to sort the particles, thereby achieving effective separation of soot and other interferences.

Summary of the invention

In view of the defects of the prior art and the limitations of working conditions in production practice, the present invention provides a method and equipment for rapid sorting of lightweight evidence at a fire scene, which mainly adopts rotary fluidization technology to quickly grind and sort the sorted materials, adopts centrifugal separation technology to efficiently separate and collect the sorted fine particles of soot, and adopts air flow friction crushing technology to expand the particle size difference between soot and gravel. The whole equipment adopts high-speed air flow to transport materials, making the equipment continuously controllable and compact in structure.

The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

A device for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene, comprising: a rotary fluidized sorting system and a gas-solid separation system, wherein the rotary fluidized sorting system and the gas-solid separation system are connected via a pipeline, wherein:

The rotary fluidized separation system is used to grind the soot particles and separate the soot and grit;

The gas-solid separation system is used for performing gas-solid separation on fine particles in a centrifugal field.

Furthermore, the rotary fluidized separation system comprises: a feed port, a vertical riser, a cyclone separation chamber, an air inlet and a coarse particle collection bucket, wherein:

The feeding port is arranged at the top of the cyclone separation chamber and is used to add light evidence from the fire scene into the cyclone separation chamber;

The vertical lifting pipe is inserted into the cyclone separation chamber from the top center of the cyclone separation chamber to transport the screened fine particles to the gas-solid separation system;

The cyclone separation chamber is provided with a feeding port and a vertical lifting pipe at the top, and a coarse particle material collecting bucket is connected to the bottom for screening and separating coarse particles and fine particles;

The air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber and adopts a double inlet structure to ensure that the axial velocity direction of the flow field in the cyclone separation chamber is upward;

The coarse-grained material collecting bucket is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber and is used to collect the separated coarse-grained material.

Furthermore, the gas-solid separation system comprises: a riser, an inlet, a cylindrical cavity, a conical cavity and a fine-grained material collection bucket, wherein:

The riser is inserted into the cylindrical cavity from the top center of the cylindrical cavity and is used to discharge air out of the gas-solid separation system;

The inlet is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity and connected to the outlet of the vertical riser, and is used to input the fine-grained materials screened by the rotary fluidized separation system into the gas-solid separation system;

The cylindrical cavity is provided with an air riser at the top and is connected to a conical cavity at the bottom; the bottom of the conical cavity is connected to a fine-grained material collecting barrel; the fine-grained material collecting barrel is used to collect the fine-grained material separated by the gas-solid separation system.

Furthermore, the vertical riser is also provided with a primary pressure measuring hole, and the primary pressure measuring hole is connected to a pressure gauge;

The height of the cyclone separation chamber is more than twice its diameter; the height of the part of the vertical lifting pipe inserted into the cyclone separation chamber is greater than half of the overall height of the cyclone separation chamber;

The bottom of the cyclone separation chamber is connected to the coarse-grained material collecting bucket through a flange.

Furthermore, a transition section is provided at the end of the vertical riser outlet, and the transition section adopts a transition design from circular to rectangular to achieve a smooth connection from the rotary fluidization sorting system to the gas-solid separation system.

Furthermore, the air inlet is of a volute type, adopts a tangential double inlet structure, and the two air inlets are 180 degrees rotationally symmetrical; the two inlets of the air inlet are respectively connected to the variable frequency fan to ensure uniform air intake;

The variable frequency fan is connected to a flow meter to measure the flow output by the variable frequency fan in real time.

Furthermore, a secondary pressure measuring hole is provided on the side wall of the riser, and the secondary pressure measuring hole is connected to a pressure gauge;

The conical cavity is connected with the fine-grained material collecting barrel through a flange.

The present invention also provides a working method of a device for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene, the specific steps of which include:

S1. Turn on the variable frequency fan, and the airflow enters the swirl separation chamber through the double inlets of the air inlet, forming a spiral upward flow field;

S2. Inject the material into the cyclone separation chamber from the feed port. Under the action of the flow field, the material is thrown to the wall and rotates. During the high-speed rotation, the material particles and the particles and the chamber wall continuously collide and grind with each other;

S3. Under the action of collision and grinding, the particle size of the fly ash with smaller hardness in the material gradually decreases, and the centrifugal force gradually weakens. After reaching the standard, it is transported to the gas-solid separation system along the vertical riser;

S4. After the fine particles enter the gas-solid separation system, according to the principle of the cyclone separator, the air is discharged from the system along the riser, and the fine particles are effectively separated;

S5. After separation is completed, the variable frequency fan is turned off, the coarse particles are collected in the coarse particle collection bucket, and the fine particles are collected in the fine particle collection bucket. The collected fine particles are used as light material evidence at the fire scene for further identification.

The present invention also provides a control system for a rapid sorting device for lightweight evidence at a fire scene, comprising: a main control module, a display module, a manual adjustment module, a data conversion and storage module, an electrical signal processing module and a measurement module, wherein:

The main control module is connected to the display module, the manual adjustment module and the data conversion and storage module, and serves as a control center for controlling the light evidence rapid sorting device and control system at the fire scene;

The measuring module is connected to the pressure gauge and the flow meter, and is used to measure the pressure at the primary pressure measuring hole and the secondary pressure measuring hole, as well as the flow rate output by the variable frequency fan, and transmit the data to the data conversion and storage module;

The data conversion module and storage module are connected to the measurement module to obtain measurement data and send the data to the main control module after processing;

The display module is connected to the main control module and is used to display the processed data collected by the main control module;

The electrical signal processing module is connected to the variable frequency fan, and is used to monitor and obtain the electrical signal changes of the variable frequency fan when it is working, and input the electrical signal to the manual adjustment module;

The manual adjustment module is connected to the electrical signal processing module. When the electrical signal data of the variable frequency fan is abnormal or does not meet the requirements, the manual adjustment module intervenes to adjust the outputs of the variable frequency fan and transmit the data to the main control module.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The device, method and control system for rapid sorting of lightweight evidence at a fire scene described in the present invention accurately control the flow field inside the cyclone sorting chamber in the rotary fluidized sorting system. The double air inlet structure is adopted to make the flow field inside the sorting chamber present a symmetrical distribution, which enhances the stability of the sorting process; the lower side air inlet method is adopted to make the particles present a fluidized state, which increases the probability and energy of particle collision.

2. The device, method and control system for rapid sorting of lightweight evidence at a fire scene described in the present invention, in a rotary fluidized sorting system, the material is subjected to a strong centrifugal field in the cyclone sorting chamber. Due to the influence of the strong centrifugal force, the coarser-sized material is thrown to the inner wall of the chamber and begins to rotate. At the same time, due to the weaker centrifugal force, the finer-sized material is transported to the gas-solid separation system via the riser. The design of the rotary fluidized sorting system achieves efficient sorting of coarse and fine-grained materials. In the gas-solid separation system, the fine-grained material is deposited in the fine-grained material collection bucket, and the gas is discharged along the riser. The design of the gas-solid separation system enables the extremely fine material to be effectively separated from the air in a strong turbulent field. Overall, the combined technology of the rotary fluidized sorting system and the gas-solid separation system combines the sorting and separation processes of fine-grained materials, achieving continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.

3. The device, method and control system for rapid sorting of lightweight evidence at a fire scene described in the present invention utilizes airflow friction crushing technology in a rotating fluidized system to grind the ash particles with lower hardness, while having almost no effect on the harder gravel in the ashes, thereby expanding the particle size difference between the two and solving the problem of difficulty in separating gravel from ash and ashes.

4. The device, method and control system for rapid sorting of lightweight evidence at a fire scene described in the present invention introduce fluidized bed technology in the rotary fluidized sorting system, which makes the material flow, disperses the material evenly and makes it fully affected by the airflow. The introduction of fluidized bed technology can not only effectively increase the processing capacity of the material in the sorting, so that the material can be sorted on a large scale, but also successfully apply it to the industrial field, providing an advanced and feasible solution for achieving efficient and large-scale material sorting.

Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the field of dry separation of fine particles and other fields.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for rapidly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a device for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene and its control system according to the present invention.

FIG3 is a front view of the rotary fluidized separation system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 3.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the gas-solid separation system of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 6 .

FIG8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG6 .

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing changes in pressure drop and flow rate at different frequencies according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of the fine-grained product and the coarse-grained product separated by the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a result of laser particle size testing of materials before and after sorting according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Riser; 2. First-stage pressure measuring hole; 3. Second-stage pressure measuring hole; 4. Feeding port; 5. Inlet; 6. Vertical lifting pipe; 7. Cylindrical cavity; 8. Cyclone separation cavity; 9. Conical cavity; 10. Air inlet; 11. Fine-grained material collection bucket; 12. Coarse-grained material collection bucket; 13. Transition section.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in FIG1 , the present invention provides a device for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene, comprising: a rotary fluidized sorting system and a gas-solid separation system, wherein the rotary fluidized sorting system and the gas-solid separation system are connected by a pipeline, wherein:

The rotary fluidized separation system is used to grind the soot particles and separate the soot and grit;

The gas-solid separation system is used for performing gas-solid separation on fine particles in a centrifugal field.

In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotary fluidized separation system includes: a feed port 4, a vertical riser 6, a cyclone separation chamber 8, an air inlet 10 and a coarse particle collection bucket 12, wherein:

The feeding port 4 is arranged at the top of the cyclone separation chamber 8 and is used to add the light evidence at the fire scene into the cyclone separation chamber 8;

During implementation, the feed port 4 is far away from the air inlet 10 and the vertical lifting pipe 6 to increase the sorting distance, ensure that the material can be fully ground, and at the same time ensure the symmetry of the flow field at the air inlet.

The vertical riser 6 is inserted into the cyclone separation chamber 8 from the top center of the cyclone separation chamber 8 to transport the screened fine particles to the gas-solid separation system;

The cyclone separation chamber 8 is provided with a feed port 4 and a vertical lifting pipe 6 at the top, and a coarse particle material collecting bucket is connected to the bottom for screening and separating coarse particles and fine particles;

The air inlet 10 is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber 8 and adopts a double inlet structure to ensure that the axial velocity direction of the flow field in the cyclone separation chamber is upward;

The coarse-grained material collecting bucket 12 is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separation chamber 8 and is used to collect the separated coarse-grained materials.

During implementation, the cyclone separation chamber 8 is connected to the double inlets of the volute-type air inlet 10 in a tangential or spiral manner; the air inlet 10 adopts a downward blowing method.

In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas-solid separation system includes: a riser 1, an inlet 5, a cylindrical cavity 7, a conical cavity 9 and a fine-grained material collection bucket 11, wherein:

The riser 1 is inserted into the cylindrical cavity 7 from the top center of the cylindrical cavity 7 and is used to discharge air out of the gas-solid separation system;

The inlet 5 is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity 7 and connected to the outlet of the vertical riser 6, and is used to input the fine particles screened by the rotary fluidized separation system into the gas-solid separation system;

The cylindrical cavity 7 is provided with an air riser 1 at the top and is connected to a conical cavity 9 at the bottom; the bottom of the conical cavity 9 is connected to a fine-grained material collecting barrel 11; the fine-grained material collecting barrel 11 is used to collect the fine-grained material separated by the gas-solid separation system.

In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vertical riser 6 is further provided with a primary pressure measuring hole 2, and the primary pressure measuring hole 2 is connected to a pressure gauge;

The height of the cyclone separation chamber 8 is more than twice its diameter; the height of the part of the vertical lifting pipe 6 inserted into the cyclone separation chamber 8 is greater than half of the overall height of the cyclone separation chamber 8, so as to ensure that the material is fully fluidized and ground.

The bottom of the cyclone separation chamber 8 is connected to the coarse-grained material collecting bucket 12 via a flange.

In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transition section 13 is provided at the end of the outlet of the vertical riser 6, and the transition section 13 adopts a transition design from circular to rectangular to achieve a smooth connection from the rotary fluidized separation system to the gas-solid separation system.

In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet 10 is a volute type, adopts a tangential double inlet structure, and the two air inlets are 180 degrees rotationally symmetrical; the two inlets of the air inlet 10 are respectively connected to the variable frequency fan to ensure uniform air intake; so as to achieve a symmetrical distribution of the fluid flow field inside the cyclone separation chamber 8, thereby making it more stable.

The variable frequency fan is connected to a flow meter to measure the flow output by the variable frequency fan in real time.

In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a secondary pressure measuring hole 3 is provided on the side wall of the riser 1, and the secondary pressure measuring hole 3 is connected to a pressure gauge;

The conical cavity 9 is connected to the fine-grained material collecting barrel 11 through a flange.

The present invention also includes a working method of a device for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene, and the specific steps include:

S1. Turn on the variable frequency fan, and the airflow enters the cyclone separation chamber 8 through the double inlets of the air inlet 10, forming a spiral upward flow field;

S2, injecting the material from the feed port 4 into the cyclone separation chamber 8, under the action of the flow field, the material is thrown to the wall surface and rotates, and during the high-speed rotation process, the material particles and the particles and the chamber wall continuously collide and grind;

S3, the fly ash with smaller hardness in the material is gradually reduced in particle size under the action of collision and grinding, and the centrifugal force is gradually weakened. After reaching the standard, it is transported to the gas-solid separation system along the vertical riser 6;

S4. After the fine particles enter the gas-solid separation system, according to the principle of the cyclone separator, the air is discharged from the system along the riser, and the fine particles are effectively separated;

S5. After separation is completed, the variable frequency fan is turned off, the coarse particles are collected in the coarse particle collection bucket 12, and the fine particles are collected in the fine particle collection bucket 11. The collected fine particles are further identified as light material evidence at the fire scene.

The present invention also includes a control system for a rapid sorting device for lightweight evidence at a fire scene, including: a main control module, a display module, a manual adjustment module, a data conversion and storage module, an electrical signal processing module and a measurement module, wherein:

The main control module is connected to the display module, the manual adjustment module and the data conversion and storage module, and serves as a control center for controlling the light evidence rapid sorting device and control system at the fire scene;

The measuring module is connected to the pressure gauge and the flow meter, and is used to measure the pressure at the primary pressure measuring hole 2 and the secondary pressure measuring hole 3, as well as the flow rate output by the variable frequency fan, and transmit the data to the data conversion and storage module;

The data conversion module and storage module are connected to the measurement module to obtain measurement data and send the data to the main control module after processing;

The display module is connected to the main control module and is used to display the processed data collected by the main control module;

The electrical signal processing module is connected to the variable frequency fan, and is used to monitor and obtain the electrical signal changes of the variable frequency fan when it is working, and input the electrical signal to the manual adjustment module;

The manual adjustment module is connected to the electrical signal processing module. When the electrical signal data of the variable frequency fan is abnormal or does not meet the requirements, the manual adjustment module intervenes to adjust the outputs of the variable frequency fan and transmit the data to the main control module.

Example

As shown in FIG1 , the present invention provides a device, system and working method for quickly sorting lightweight evidence at a fire scene. During implementation, the pressure drop and flow rate of the combined system at different frequencies are measured, and the relationship between the pressure drop and flow rate is shown in FIG9 . The sorted fine particle products and coarse particle products are shown in FIG10 , and the results of laser particle size testing of the materials before and after sorting are shown in FIG11 .

From the experimental results of the embodiments, it can be seen that the present invention can effectively separate coarse-grained materials from fine-grained materials, which is beneficial to the extraction of lightweight evidence at the fire scene, and the device can also be applied to the industrial field.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Quick sorting unit of scene of fire light thing certificate, its characterized in that includes: the rotary fluidization separation system and the gas-solid separation system are connected through a pipeline, wherein:

The rotary fluidization separation system is used for grinding the ash particles and separating ash and gravel;

the gas-solid separation system is used for separating gas from solid in the centrifugal force field.

2. The rapid fire scene lightweight material evidence sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the rotary fluidization sorting system comprises: feed inlet (4), vertical riser (6), whirl separation chamber (8), air intake (10) and coarse grain material collecting vessel (12), wherein:

The charging port (4) is arranged at the top of the cyclone separation cavity (8) and is used for adding the light matter certificate in the fire scene into the cyclone separation cavity (8);

The vertical lifting pipe (6) is inserted into the cyclone separation cavity (8) from the center of the top of the cyclone separation cavity (8) and is used for conveying the screened fine materials to the gas-solid separation system;

The cyclone separation cavity (8) is provided with a feed inlet (4) and a vertical lifting pipe (6) at the top end, and a coarse grain material collecting barrel is connected to the bottom for screening and separating coarse grains and fine grains;

The air inlet (10) is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separation cavity (8), adopts a double-inlet structure and is used for ensuring that the axial speed direction of a flow field in the cyclone separation cavity is upward;

The coarse-grain material collecting barrel (12) is connected to the bottom of the cyclone separation cavity (8) and is used for collecting separated coarse-grain materials.

3. The rapid fire scene lightweight material evidence sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the gas-solid separation system comprises: riser (1), entry (5), cylinder chamber (7), circular cone chamber (9) and particulate material collecting vessel (11), wherein:

The riser (1) is inserted into the cylindrical cavity (7) from the center of the top of the cylindrical cavity (7) and is used for exhausting air out of the gas-solid separation system;

the inlet (5) is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity (7), is connected with the outlet of the vertical lifting pipe (6) and is used for inputting the fine materials screened out by the rotary fluidization separation system into the gas-solid separation system;

The cylindrical cavity (7) is provided with a riser (1) at the top and a conical cavity (9) at the bottom; the bottom of the conical cavity (9) is connected with a fine material collecting barrel (11); the fine material collecting barrel (11) is used for collecting fine materials separated by the gas-solid separation system.

4. The rapid sorting device for light objects and evidence in fire scene according to claim 2, characterized in that the vertical lifting pipe (6) is also provided with a primary pressure measuring hole (2), and the primary pressure measuring hole (2) is connected with a pressure gauge;

the height of the cyclone separation cavity (8) is more than twice the diameter of the cyclone separation cavity; the height of the part of the vertical lifting pipe (6) inserted into the cyclone separation cavity (8) is greater than half of the whole height of the cyclone separation cavity (8);

the bottom of the cyclone separation cavity (8) is connected with a coarse-grain material collecting barrel (12) through a flange plate.

5. The rapid sorting device for light objects and evidence in fire scene according to claim 2, characterized in that the tail end of the output port of the vertical lifting pipe (6) is provided with a transition section (13), and the transition section (13) adopts a round-to-rectangular excessive design to realize the stable connection from the rotary fluidization sorting system to the gas-solid separation system.

6. The rapid sorting device for light objects and evidence in fire scene according to claim 2, characterized in that the air inlet (10) is of a volute type, adopts a tangential double-inlet structure, and is rotationally symmetrical at 180 degrees; two inlets of the air inlet (10) are respectively connected with a variable frequency fan, so that uniform air intake is ensured;

the variable frequency fan is connected with the flowmeter, and the flow output by the variable frequency fan is measured in real time.

7. The rapid sorting device for light objects and evidence in fire scene according to claim 3, wherein a secondary pressure measuring hole (3) is arranged on the side wall of the riser (1), and the secondary pressure measuring hole (3) is connected with a pressure gauge;

The conical cavity (9) is connected with a fine material collecting barrel (11) through a flange plate.

8. A method for operating a rapid sorting device for light objects and certificates in a fire scene according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises the following specific steps:

s1, opening a variable frequency fan, and enabling air flow to enter a cyclone separation cavity (8) through a double inlet of an air inlet (10) to form a spiral upward flow field;

S2, injecting materials into a cyclone separation cavity (8) from a charging port (4), throwing the materials to a wall surface for rotation under the action of a flow field, and continuously colliding and grinding between particles of the materials and between the particles and the wall of the cavity in the high-speed rotation process;

s3, gradually reducing the particle size and gradually weakening the centrifugal force of the ash with smaller hardness in the material under the action of collision and grinding, and conveying the ash to a gas-solid separation system along a vertical riser (6) after reaching the standard;

S4, after the fine-grained materials enter the gas-solid separation system, according to the principle of a cyclone separator, air is discharged out of the system along a riser, and the fine-grained materials are effectively separated;

S5, after separation is completed, the variable frequency fan is closed, coarse-grain materials are collected into the coarse-grain material collecting barrel (12), fine-grain materials are collected into the fine-grain material collecting barrel (11), and the collected fine-grain materials are used as light matters of a fire scene for further identification.

9. A control system for a rapid fire scene lightweight evidence sorting apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising: the system comprises a main control module, a display module, a manual adjustment module, a data conversion and storage module, an electric signal processing module and a measurement module, wherein:

The main control module is connected with the display module, the manual adjustment module and the data conversion and storage module and is used as a control center for controlling the rapid sorting device and the control system of the light material evidence in the fire scene;

The measuring module is connected with the pressure gauge and the flowmeter, and is used for measuring the pressure at the first-stage pressure measuring hole (2) and the second-stage pressure measuring hole (3) and the flow output by the variable-frequency fan, and transmitting the data to the data conversion and storage module;

The data conversion module and the storage module are connected with the measurement module and are used for acquiring measurement data, processing the data and then sending the processed data to the main control module;

the display module is connected with the main control module and used for displaying the processing data collected by the main control module;

the electric signal processing module is connected with the variable frequency fan and used for monitoring and acquiring the electric signal change of the variable frequency fan during working and inputting the electric signal into the manual adjustment module;

The manual adjustment module is connected with the electric signal processing module, and adjusts various outputs of the variable frequency fan through intervention of the manual adjustment module when electric signal data of the variable frequency fan are abnormal or do not meet the requirements, and transmits the data to the main control module.