CN117997140A - Collecting system, voltage control method, device, medium and collecting method - Google Patents

Collecting system, voltage control method, device, medium and collecting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117997140A
CN117997140A CN202410407395.0A CN202410407395A CN117997140A CN 117997140 A CN117997140 A CN 117997140A CN 202410407395 A CN202410407395 A CN 202410407395A CN 117997140 A CN117997140 A CN 117997140A
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voltage
direct current
hvdc
unipolar
collecting system
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CN117997140B (en
Inventor
马骏超
孙谦浩
孙可
裘鹏
许烽
王晨旭
刘佳宁
董炜
但扬清
陆承宇
沈杨臻
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power direct current transmission, and the existing HVDC collecting system does not consider the defect of expansion characteristic, and adopts the following technical scheme: HVDC sink system comprising: the unipolar type collecting system comprises a voltage source converter, wherein the voltage source converter converts three-phase alternating current into direct current; a plurality of direct current inductors, the number of which is the same as that of the unipolar collecting system; the system comprises a plurality of submodules connected in series, wherein each submodule comprises a high-voltage direct-current capacitor, a semiconductor switching device and a diode; wherein the dc ports of each unipolar collector system are connected to different sub-modules by respective dc inductors. The HVDC collecting system has good expansibility, the construction of each voltage class port can be carried out in batches, and the engineering implementation difficulty is low; the whole control is simple and efficient.

Description

Collecting system, voltage control method, device, medium and collecting method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power direct current transmission, and particularly relates to an HVDC collecting system, a voltage control method, equipment, a medium and an HVDC collecting method.
Background
With the construction of a novel power system taking new energy as a main body, a large-scale alternating current and direct current series-parallel connection condition of a power grid in China occurs. In particular to coastal areas, as alternating current power grids such as tidal flat photovoltaics and alternating current loads exist and direct current delivery systems such as offshore wind power and offshore hydrogen production exist, how to realize comprehensive and effective collection of various energy sources in the areas becomes an important research direction of a new generation super collection station.
The construction of the multiport HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current, high-voltage direct-current transmission) pooling system is a power circuit foundation for realizing the super pooling station of the new generation and is a core technology for realizing the super pooling station of the new generation. As the name suggests, multiport HVDC collection systems are mainly used for collecting a plurality of HVDCs. The topology of a multiport HVDC sink system should have flexible and scalable properties in view of the fast evolving nature of the grid.
However, current offshore wind power is usually transported end-to-end, and after the system design is completed, it is difficult to increase voltage or other offshore wind power with different capacities at a later stage. In addition, the current research is mainly focused on the sending end collecting output of the far-sea wind power, and the research on the receiving end direct current collecting system of the far-sea wind power plant involves less, and the research on the expandable characteristic of the receiving end collecting system is still blank.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defect that the existing HVDC collecting system does not consider the expansion characteristic, the invention provides an HVDC collecting system which realizes flexible collection of a plurality of HVDC, and is particularly suitable for collection of a plurality of offshore wind power. The invention also provides a voltage control method, a computer device, a computer readable storage medium and an HVDC collecting method of the HVDC collecting system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an HVDC collection system comprising:
The unipolar collecting system comprises a voltage source converter, wherein the voltage source converter converts three-phase alternating current into direct current;
A plurality of direct current inductors, the number of which is the same as that of the monopole type collecting system;
The system comprises a plurality of submodules connected in series, wherein each submodule comprises a high-voltage direct-current capacitor, a semiconductor switching device and a diode;
wherein one pole of the dc port of each unipolar collecting system is grounded and the other pole is connected to a different sub-module via a respective dc inductor.
The HVDC collecting system comprises a plurality of unipolar collecting systems, a plurality of direct current inductors and a plurality of submodules, wherein the unipolar collecting systems comprise one or a plurality of voltage source converters, a plurality of alternating current ports and direct current ports can be flexibly arranged, and the system is suitable for collecting multiport HVDC and has good expansibility; only the highest voltage level and the lowest voltage level need to be designed in the initial stage of the design of the whole system, the subsequent construction of each port can be carried out in batches, the expansion is carried out continuously, and the utilization rate and the comprehensive economic benefit of the whole system are fully improved; the realization of different voltage levels of the whole system depends on the submodule, the submodule can adopt a cascading half-bridge structure, and the cascading half-bridge structure is an extremely mature engineering scheme in the field of electrical engineering at present, so that the engineering implementation difficulty is low; the whole system is simple and efficient to control, and a complex control algorithm is not needed.
As an improvement, the unipolar collecting system comprises a plurality of voltage source converters with parallel alternating current ports, and the direct current ports of the voltage source converters are connected to the direct current inductor after being collected.
As an improvement, the voltage source converter is a two-level voltage source converter, a three-level voltage source converter or a modularized multi-level converter; the sub-modules are half-bridge sub-modules.
The voltage control method of the HVDC collection system, applied to the HVDC collection system described above,
For any two monopole type collecting systems x and y, the direct current voltage of the monopole type collecting system with lower voltage is set as U dcx, and the number of connected submodules is N x; the direct current voltage of the monopole type collecting system with higher voltage is U dcy, and the number of connected submodules is N y;
The bypass duty cycle D of all sub-modules between two ports in each period T satisfies:
(1)
from formula (1):
(2)
Wherein Vc is the nominal value of the capacitor voltage in each half-bridge sub-module;
The capacitor voltage balance of each sub-module is ensured through sequencing voltage-sharing control, and the method can be as follows:
(3)
based on the formulas (2) and (3), D can be rewritten as:
(4)
Meanwhile, if the HVDC sink system 0 is used as a reference, then:
(5)；
The direct current port voltage of the unipolar type collecting system 0 with the lowest direct current voltage is set as U dc0, the direct current port voltage of the unipolar type collecting system m with the highest direct current voltage is set as U dcm, the unipolar type collecting system comprises a plurality of voltage source converters with alternating current ports connected in parallel, and active control of external direct current port voltages U dc0 and U dcm is realized through coordinated control of each voltage source converter in the unipolar type collecting system.
The computer device comprises a processor and a storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program realizes the voltage control method of the HVDC collecting system when being executed by the processor.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, implements the aforementioned method of controlling the voltage of an HVDC sink system.
An HVDC collection method comprising:
Step S1, determining a lowest direct current voltage U dc0 and a highest direct current voltage U dcm;
S2, determining relevant parameters of each monopole type collecting system, each direct current inductor and each submodule, and determining the number of the submodules;
and S3, constructing a monopole type collection system, a direct current inductor and a submodule of the direct current voltage with the required magnitude in batches, and finally expanding the monopole type collection system into the HVDC collection system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology diagram of an HVDC sink system of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a logic diagram of a voltage control method of the HVDC sink system of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a voltage control schematic diagram of a direct current port cascaded half-bridge structure of an HVDC sink system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions of the inventive embodiments of the present invention is provided only for the preferred embodiments of the invention, but not all. Based on the examples in the implementation manner, other examples obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort fall within the scope of protection created by the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an HVDC sink system of an embodiment of the present invention comprises:
The unipolar collecting system comprises a voltage source converter, wherein the voltage source converter converts three-phase alternating current into direct current;
A plurality of direct current inductors, the number of which is the same as that of the monopole type collecting system;
The system comprises a plurality of submodules connected in series, wherein each submodule comprises a high-voltage direct-current capacitor, a semiconductor switching device and a diode;
wherein one pole of the dc port of each unipolar collecting system is grounded and the other pole is connected to a different sub-module via a respective dc inductor.
In this embodiment, the unipolar type collecting system includes a plurality of voltage source converters with ac ports connected in parallel, and the dc ports of each voltage source converter are connected to the dc inductor after being collected, that is, the unipolar type collecting system is a unipolar type multiport HVDC collecting system. The HVDC collection system comprises a plurality of polar multi-port HVDC collection systems, a plurality of direct current inductors and a plurality of sub-modules. In this embodiment, there are m+1 number of monopolar multiport HVDC sink systems.
In this embodiment, the plurality of voltage source converters may be connected to a plurality of different offshore wind power generation sources, and may also be connected to different areas of the same offshore wind farm. By adopting the connection mode, on one hand, the offshore wind farm which is built in different periods is conveniently connected to a direct current bus (direct current induction station) of a unipolar collecting system through a plurality of voltage source converters; on the other hand, considering that the open sea wind power plant has larger capacity, the adoption of one voltage source collector can bring about difficulty in construction, so that the multi-converter parallel connection mode is more beneficial to the construction of the open sea wind power plant. The operation modes of the internal converters are various, which shows that each unipolar collecting system has strong expandability.
In this embodiment, the voltage source converter (Voltage Source Converter, VSC) is a two-level voltage source converter, a three-level voltage source converter, or a modular multilevel converter (Modular Multilevel Converter, MMC). Specific constructions of a two-level voltage source converter, a three-level voltage source converter or a modular multilevel converter may be seen in the prior art.
In this embodiment, the sub-modules are Half-bridge sub-modules (Half-Bridge Submodule, HBSM). The specific structure of the half-bridge sub-module can be seen in fig. 1 and the prior art, and will not be described herein.
The HVDC collecting system comprises a plurality of unipolar collecting systems, a plurality of direct current inductors and a plurality of submodules, wherein the unipolar collecting systems comprise one or a plurality of voltage source converters, a plurality of alternating current ports and direct current ports can be flexibly arranged, and the system is suitable for collecting multi-port HVDC and has good expansibility; only the highest voltage level and the lowest voltage level are required to be designed in the initial stage of the design of the whole system, the construction of the subsequent ports can be carried out in batches, the expansion is carried out continuously, and the utilization rate and the comprehensive economic benefit of the whole system are fully improved; the realization of different voltage levels of the whole system depends on sub-modules, the sub-modules adopt half-bridge sub-modules, the cascade half-bridge structure of the half-bridge sub-modules (cascade belongs to engineering empirical expression, the currents of ports of different sub-modules are equal, the total output voltage of a bridge arm is equal to the sum of the voltages of ports of all the sub-modules, the characteristic accords with the definition of series connection, namely, all the sub-modules are actually connected in series) is an extremely mature engineering scheme in the electric engineering field at present, and the engineering implementation difficulty is low; the whole control of the system is simple, and a complex control algorithm is not needed.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a voltage control method of the HVDC sink system, applied to the HVDC sink system of fig. 1,
Referring to fig. 2, let the dc port voltage of the unipolar type collecting system 0 with the lowest dc voltage be U dc0, let the dc port voltage of the unipolar type collecting system m with the highest dc voltage be U dcm, the unipolar type collecting system includes a plurality of voltage source converters with ac ports connected in parallel, and active control of external dc port voltages U dc0 and U dcm is achieved through coordinated control of each voltage source converter in the unipolar type collecting system.
The alternating current sides of the converters in each unipolar collecting system can be controlled by adopting active-reactive balance control-based follow-up network, or can be controlled by adopting voltage-frequency-based networking, and the selection is specifically performed according to the system characteristics of the connected alternating current sides. If the alternating current side system connected with the unipolar collecting system is a strong power grid, the corresponding voltage source converter adopts a follow-up control mode; if the alternating-current side system connected with the unipolar collecting system is a weak power grid or a new energy system, the corresponding voltage source converter adopts a grid control mode.
The direct current sides of the converters in the unipolar collecting systems are controlled by master-slave control, direct current droop control or direct current voltage margin control, so that the direct current port voltage of the unipolar collecting systems is controlled. The current technology of master-slave control, direct current voltage droop control and direct current voltage margin control of the converter is mature, and no description is given here.
Referring to fig. 3, for any two unipolar type collecting systems x and y, let the dc voltage of the unipolar type collecting system with lower voltage be U dcx, and the number of connected submodules be N x; the direct current voltage of the monopole type collecting system with higher voltage is U dcy, and the number of connected submodules is N y;
The bypass duty cycle D of all sub-modules between two ports in each period T satisfies:
(1)
from formula (1):
(2)
Wherein Vc is the nominal value of the capacitor voltage in each half-bridge sub-module;
The capacitor voltage balance of each sub-module is ensured through sequencing voltage-sharing control, and the method can be as follows:
(3)
based on the formulas (2) and (3), D can be rewritten as:
(4)
meanwhile, with reference to the monopolar multiport HVDC sink system 0 (N x =0), then:
(5)。
The HVDC collecting method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
Step S1, determining a lowest direct current voltage U dc0 and a highest direct current voltage U dcm;
S2, determining relevant parameters of each monopole type collecting system, each direct current inductor and each submodule, and determining the number of the submodules;
and S3, constructing a monopole type collection system, a direct current inductor and a submodule of the direct current voltage with the required magnitude in batches, and finally expanding the monopole type collection system into the HVDC collection system.
Hereinafter, the HVDC collection method will be described in more detail.
Assuming that four voltage class HVDC are involved in the planned system, 20kV, 160kV, 320kV and 800kV respectively, the four HVDC systems all need to be designed as unipolar systems.
Step S1, as can be seen from the above-mentioned plan, U dc0=20kV,Udcm =800 kV.
In step S2, according to engineering experience, at present, a commercial half-bridge submodule is usually constructed by using a 4.5kV IGBT, and the maximum withstand voltage of the half-bridge submodule is 2.5kV. Thus, the number of series sub-modules (without considering redundant sub-modules) between the 160kV HVDC system of the first stage and the 20kV HVDC system of the zeroth stage is (160-20)/2.5=56; the number of series sub-modules (without considering redundant sub-modules) between the 320kV HVDC system of the second stage and the 160kV HVDC system of the first stage is (320-160)/2.5=64; the number of series sub-modules (without considering redundant sub-modules) between the 800kV HVDC system of the third stage and the 320kV HVDC system of the second stage is (800-320)/2.5=192. Thus, the number of series connected sub-modules (without redundancy sub-modules) between the 800kV HVDC system of the third stage and the 20kV HVDC system of the zeroth stage is 56+64+192=312, i.e. the total number of sub-modules is 312 (without redundancy sub-modules). The four HVDC systems described above may employ the same 0.5mH dc inductor to ensure that the ripple current when the system is running meets the requirements.
And S3, respectively constructing a monopole type collection system, a direct current inductor and a half-bridge submodule with the required direct current voltage in four batches, and finally expanding the monopole type collection system into the HVDC collection system. For example, assuming that a 20kV HVDC system of stage 0 is initially built, only a monopolar multiport HVDC sink system 0 and a DC inductor L DC0 need be built. When a 160kV HVDC system of the first stage needs to be built, only a monopolar multiport HVDC sink system 1, a direct current inductor L DC1 and N 1 sub-modules, N 1 =56 (redundant sub-modules are not considered) need to be built. When a 320kV HVDC system of the second stage needs to be built, only the monopolar multiport HVDC sink system 2, the direct current inductors L DC2 and N 2 sub-modules, N 2 =64 (redundant sub-modules are not considered) need to be built. When the 800kV HVDC system of the second stage needs to be built, only the monopolar multiport HVDC sink system 3, the direct current inductors L DC3 and N 3 sub-modules, N 3 =192 (redundant sub-modules are not considered) need to be built. When a 2 nd 160KV system (assumed to be a fourth period) needs to be built, a submodule does not need to be built at the moment, and only the submodule needs to be connected to a direct current bus of the monopolar multiport HVDC collecting system 1 in parallel. Similarly, when a system of 320KV (assumed to be the fifth stage) of the 2 nd stage is to be built, no submodule is to be built, and only the direct current bus connected in parallel to the monopolar multiport HVDC sink system 2 is needed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device which comprises a processor and a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the voltage control method of the HVDC collecting system when being executed by the processor.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed implements the voltage control method of the HVDC sink system described above.
While the invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Any modifications which do not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. Hvdc sink system, characterized by: the HVDC sink system comprises:
    The unipolar collecting system comprises a voltage source converter, wherein the voltage source converter converts three-phase alternating current into direct current;
    A plurality of direct current inductors, the number of which is the same as that of the monopole type collecting system;
    The system comprises a plurality of submodules connected in series, wherein each submodule comprises a high-voltage direct-current capacitor, a semiconductor switching device and a diode;
    wherein one pole of the dc port of each unipolar collecting system is grounded and the other pole is connected to a different sub-module via a respective dc inductor.
  2. 2. The HVDC collection system of claim 1, wherein: the unipolar collecting system comprises a plurality of voltage source converters with alternating current ports connected in parallel, and the direct current ports of the voltage source converters are connected to the direct current inductor after being collected.
  3. 3. The HVDC collection system of claim 2, wherein: the voltage source converter is a two-level voltage source converter, a three-level voltage source converter or a modularized multi-level converter; the sub-modules are half-bridge sub-modules.
  4. A method of voltage control of an hvdc sink system, characterized by: the HVDC sink system applied in any one of claims 1 to 3, for any two monopolar sink systems x and y, the dc voltage of the monopolar sink system with lower voltage is set to be U dcx, and the number of connected submodules is set to be N x; the direct current voltage of the monopole type collecting system with higher voltage is U dcy, and the number of connected submodules is N y;
    The bypass duty cycle D of all sub-modules between two ports in each period T satisfies:
    (1)
    from formula (1):
    (2)
    Wherein Vc is the nominal value of the capacitor voltage in each half-bridge sub-module;
    The capacitor voltage balance of each sub-module is ensured through sequencing voltage-sharing control, and the method can be as follows:
    (3)
    based on the formulas (2) and (3), D can be rewritten as:
    (4)
    Meanwhile, if a monopole type pooling system with N x =0 is used as a reference, then:
    (5)。
  5. 5. The method for voltage control of an HVDC sink system in accordance with claim 4, wherein: the direct current port voltage of the unipolar type collecting system 0 with the lowest direct current voltage is set as U dc0, the direct current port voltage of the unipolar type collecting system m with the highest direct current voltage is set as U dcm, the unipolar type collecting system comprises a plurality of voltage source converters with alternating current ports connected in parallel, and active control of external direct current port voltages U dc0 and U dcm is realized through coordinated control of each voltage source converter in the unipolar type collecting system.
  6. 6. The method for voltage control of an HVDC sink system in accordance with claim 5, wherein: if the alternating current side system connected with the unipolar collecting system is a strong power grid, the corresponding voltage source converter adopts a follow-up control mode; if the alternating-current side system connected with the unipolar collecting system is a weak power grid or a new energy system, the corresponding voltage source converter adopts a grid control mode.
  7. 7. The method for voltage control of an HVDC sink system in accordance with claim 5, wherein: the direct current sides of the converters in the unipolar collecting systems are controlled by master-slave control, direct current droop control or direct current voltage margin control, so that the direct current port voltage of the unipolar collecting systems is controlled.
  8. 8. A computer device comprising a processor and a storage medium having a computer program stored therein, characterized in that: a computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a method of controlling a voltage of an HVDC sink system as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7.
  9. 9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the method of controlling the voltage of an HVDC sink system according to any of claims 4 to 7.
  10. Hvdc sink method, characterized by: the HVDC collection method comprises the following steps:
    Step S1, determining a lowest direct current voltage U dc0 and a highest direct current voltage U dcm;
    S2, determining relevant parameters of each monopole type collecting system, each direct current inductor and each submodule, and determining the number of the submodules;
    Step S3, constructing a monopole type collection system, a direct current inductor and a submodule of a direct current voltage with a required magnitude in batches, and finally expanding the monopole type collection system into the HVDC collection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
CN202410407395.0A 2024-04-07 2024-04-07 Multiport flexible extension type HVDC collection system, voltage control method, equipment, medium and collection method Active CN117997140B (en)

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