CN117996876A - Battery charging method and system - Google Patents
Battery charging method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117996876A CN117996876A CN202211344409.6A CN202211344409A CN117996876A CN 117996876 A CN117996876 A CN 117996876A CN 202211344409 A CN202211344409 A CN 202211344409A CN 117996876 A CN117996876 A CN 117996876A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a battery charging method and system. The battery charging method comprises the following steps: judging the health degree of the battery module according to the evaluation mechanism; setting a charging standard according to the health degree; setting a charging voltage for charging the battery module by the charger according to a charging standard by being held with the charger; and executing charging operation on the battery module through the charger until the full-charge condition is met. The battery charging system and the method can maintain the battery pack which is still healthy in a low-voltage standby state and increase the saturated voltage along with the aging of the battery pack, thereby reducing the event that the battery pack cannot reach the expected service life because the battery pack is in a high-voltage saturated state.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a charging method and system, and more particularly, to a charging method and system for a battery.
Background
In order to provide more stable reserve energy for future use, existing energy storage systems typically charge the battery pack therein to a full voltage and store the full voltage. Since most of the charging terminals only provide a fixed charging voltage to the aforementioned energy storage system, the battery pack will be in a state of maximum voltage and full power for a long period of time. Also, the battery pack is often in a relatively high temperature environment, which further accelerates degradation of the battery pack to the point that the intended service life is not achieved. Therefore, there is a need for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
One embodiment of the present disclosure is a battery charging method. The battery charging method includes: judging the health degree of the battery module according to the evaluation mechanism; setting a charging standard according to the health degree; setting a charging voltage of the charger for charging the battery module according to the charging standard by being held with the charger; and executing charging operation on the battery module through the charger until the full-power condition is met.
In some embodiments, the battery charging method further comprises: and comparing the capacity of the battery module with a safe standby capacity, wherein when the capacity is lower than the safe standby capacity, the step of judging the health degree is performed.
In some embodiments, the lower the health, the higher the charging voltage.
In some embodiments, the power saturation condition comprises: the current value of the battery module is smaller than the full current of the charging standard; and the voltage value of the battery module is larger than the safe saturated voltage of the charging standard.
In some embodiments, the power saturation condition comprises: the current value of the battery module is smaller than the full current of the charging standard; and the capacity of the battery module is larger than the safe standby capacity of the charging standard.
In some embodiments, the charging operation includes: a constant current charging mode, wherein the constant current charging mode charges the battery module to the charging voltage with a fixed current; and a constant voltage charging mode, wherein the constant voltage charging mode charges the battery module with the charging voltage until the full-charge condition is satisfied.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a battery charging system. The battery charging system comprises a charger and a battery module. The battery module comprises a battery pack and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system dynamically adjusts a target full-charge voltage according to the aging degree of the battery pack and informs the charger of setting charging voltage according to the target full-charge voltage.
In some embodiments, the battery management system determines the degree of aging when the capacity of the battery pack is below a safe standby capacity.
In some embodiments, the higher the degree of aging, the higher the target full voltage.
In some embodiments, the charger charges the battery pack to the charging voltage at a fixed current, and then charges the battery pack at the charging voltage until the voltage value of the battery pack is greater than the target full voltage and the current value of the battery pack is less than the full current.
In some embodiments, the battery management system notifies the charger to stop charging the battery pack by handshake with the charger when the voltage value of the battery pack is greater than the target full voltage and the current value of the battery pack is less than full current.
In some embodiments, the battery management system includes a switching circuit; and when the voltage value of the battery pack is larger than the target full-charge voltage and the current value of the battery pack is smaller than the full-charge current, the battery management system switches the switch circuit to a non-conducting state so as to stop the charger from charging the battery pack.
In summary, the battery charging system and method of the present disclosure set a proper charging standard (e.g., a full voltage) by determining the health of the battery module, and adjust the charging voltage for charging the battery pack according to the charging standard by being crossed with the charger, so that the battery pack that is still healthy is maintained in a low-voltage standby state. By maintaining the battery pack in a low-voltage standby state and increasing the saturated voltage as the battery pack ages, the battery charging system and method of the present disclosure can reduce the occurrence of a failure to achieve an expected service life of the battery pack due to the high-voltage saturated state, thereby extending the life of the battery pack.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a battery charging system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method of battery charging according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a bar graph illustrating a relationship between a full voltage and a total time of use of a battery pack, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a battery charging system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a battery charging system 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the battery charging system 100 includes a battery module 10 and a charger 20. In some embodiments, the charger 20 is electrically coupled to the battery module 10 and is configured to receive a power signal (not shown) provided by an external power supply (not shown) to provide power to charge the battery module 10 when the battery module 10 is not powered enough.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the battery module 10 includes a battery management system 12 and a battery pack 14. Specifically, the battery pack 14 includes a plurality of battery cells (battery cells) connected in series, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The battery management system 12 is electrically coupled to the battery pack 14 and is used for controlling the plurality of battery cells of the battery pack 14 to discharge and/or charge. As shown in fig. 1, the battery management system 12 includes a controller 121 and a switching circuit 122. The switch circuit 122 is electrically coupled between the battery pack 14 and the charger 20, and can be switched to a conductive state or a non-conductive state under the control of the controller 121 to conduct or cut off the charging path 16 of the battery module 10.
In the embodiment of fig. 1, the switch circuit 122 may be implemented by a metal oxide semiconductor transistor (metal oxide semiconductor transistor) or other circuits or elements having similar functions, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The controller 121 may be implemented by a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a multiprocessor, a distributed processing system, an application processor, or other circuits or elements having data access, data computation, data storage, data transmission and reception, or the like, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
For clarity and ease of description, the operation of the battery charging system 100 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method 200 of charging a battery according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the battery charging method 200 is applicable to the battery charging system 100. As shown in fig. 2, the battery charging method 200 may include a plurality of steps S201 to S205.
In step S201, the capacity (SOC) of the battery module 10 is compared with the safe standby capacity. In some embodiments, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 may estimate the capacity of the battery pack 14 from at least one parameter derived from the battery pack 14, wherein the at least one parameter may include the open circuit voltage, the discharge current, or the internal resistance of the battery. The safe backup capacity may be preset by a user of the battery charging system 100 and stored in the battery management system 12. For example, the safety standby capacity may be 80 to 90% of the rated capacity of the battery module 10. In some embodiments, the capacity of the battery pack 14 is referred to as the capacity of the battery module 10.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the controller 121 determines that the capacity of the battery module 10 is lower than the safe standby capacity, so that step S202 is performed. In some embodiments, the controller 121 determines that the capacity of the battery module 10 is not lower than the safe standby capacity, so that step S201 is performed again.
In step S202, the health degree of the battery module 10 is determined according to the evaluation mechanism. In some embodiments, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 may estimate the aging degree of the battery pack 14 by a look-up table to determine the health degree of the battery module 10. For example, a user of the battery charging system 100 may pre-store a chart (not shown) representing the relationship between the aging degree of the battery pack 14 and the total usage time in the battery management system 12. Accordingly, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 can find the aging degree corresponding to the total use time of the battery pack 14 according to the map. In some embodiments, the aging of the battery pack 14 may reflect the health of the battery module 10. For example, the higher the aging degree of the battery pack 14, the lower the health degree of the battery module 10. Conversely, the lower the degree of aging of the battery pack 14, the higher the health of the battery module 10. It should be understood that the above description of determining the health of the battery module 10 is merely exemplary, and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.
In step S203, a charging standard is set according to the health degree. In some embodiments, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 sets the full voltage according to the health of the battery module 10 (or the aging degree of the battery pack 14) estimated in step S202. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a bar graph showing a relationship between the saturation voltage Vfc and the total usage time Tu of the battery pack 14 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, as the total usage time Tu increases, the saturated voltage Vfc increases from voltage V [1] to voltage V [2], and then from voltage V [2] to voltage V [ N ], wherein voltage V [ N ] is higher than voltage V [2], and voltage V [2] is higher than voltage V [1]. It should be appreciated that the degree of aging of the battery pack 14 increases as the total usage time Tu thereof increases. As a result, the higher the aging degree of the battery pack 14 (i.e., the lower the health degree of the battery module 10), the higher the saturation voltage Vfc set by the battery management system 12. In other words, the battery management system 12 will dynamically adjust the saturation voltage Vfc depending on the age of the battery pack 14.
In the foregoing embodiment, the aging degree of the battery pack 14 (or the health degree of the battery module 10) is expressed by the total use time of the battery pack 14, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the number of cycles, the actual maximum capacity, or other parameters of the battery pack 14 may be used to indicate the age of the battery pack 14.
In the foregoing embodiment, the charging standard set by the battery management system 12 includes the saturation voltage Vfc, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the charging criteria set by the battery management system 12 include a full voltage Vfc, a full current, a safe standby capacity, a full charge capacity (full CHARGE CAPACITY), or a combination thereof.
In step S204, the charging voltage Vc of the charger 20 for charging the battery module 10 is set according to the charging standard by handshake with the charger 20. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, after the charging standard is set, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 performs a handshake with the charger 20, and sends a voltage adjustment command SC to the charger 20 according to the charging standard set in step S203, so as to set the charging voltage Vc for the charger 20. As can be seen, the battery management system 12 notifies the charger 20 of the setting of the charging voltage Vc according to the charging standard. In some embodiments, the charging voltage Vc is associated with the health of the battery module 10. For example, the lower the health of the battery module 10, the higher the charging voltage Vc.
In step S205, a charging operation is performed on the battery module 10 by the charger 20 until the full-power condition is satisfied. In some embodiments, the charging operation period includes a first period and a second period. The charger 20 is first operated in the constant current charging mode during the first period and then operated in the constant voltage charging mode during the second period. In the constant current charging mode, the charger 20 charges the battery pack 14 to the charging voltage Vc with a fixed current Ic (as shown in fig. 1). After the battery pack 14 is charged to the charging voltage Vc, the charger 20 switches from the constant-current charging mode to the constant-voltage charging mode. In the constant voltage charging mode, the charger 20 charges the battery pack 14 with the charging voltage Vc until the voltage value of the battery pack 14 is greater than the full charge voltage Vfc in the charging standard and the current value of the battery pack 14 is less than the full charge current in the charging standard.
As described above, when the voltage value of the battery pack 14 is greater than the full voltage Vfc and the current value of the battery pack 14 is less than the full current, the charging of the battery pack 14 in the battery module 10 is stopped. Further illustratively, in some embodiments, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 switches the switching circuit 122 to a non-conductive state, thereby turning off the charging path 16 of the battery module 10. Accordingly, the charger 20 cannot provide the charging voltage Vc and/or the fixed current Ic to the battery pack 14. However, the present disclosure is not limited to controlling the switching circuit 122 to stop charging the battery pack 14. For example, in other embodiments, the controller 121 of the battery management system 12 notifies the charger 20 to stop providing the charging voltage Vc and/or the fixed current Ic to the battery pack 14 by handshaking with the charger 20.
In some embodiments, after the battery pack 14 in the battery module 10 is charged, the battery module 10 may be operated in an operating mode to provide its backup capacity to an electrical device (not shown). After the capacity of the battery pack 14 is lower than the safe standby capacity, steps S202 to S205 are performed again.
In the foregoing embodiment, the charge-up condition includes the voltage value of the battery pack 14 being greater than the charge-up voltage Vfc and the current value of the battery pack 14 being less than the charge-up current, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the saturated condition includes the capacity of the battery pack 14 being greater than the safe standby capacity and the current value of the battery pack 14 being less than the saturated current.
In the foregoing embodiment, the charger 20 is operated in the constant-current charging mode and the constant-voltage charging mode to charge the battery pack 14 of the battery module 10, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the charger 20 only operates in the constant current charging mode to charge the battery pack 14 of the battery module 10. In still other embodiments, the charger 20 operates only in the constant voltage charging mode to charge the battery pack 14 of the battery module 10.
In the foregoing embodiment, the battery module 10 adjusts the charging voltage Vc by being handshake-held with the charger 20, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a battery charging system 400 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the battery charging system 400 includes the battery module 10 and the direct current-direct current converter (DC-DC converter) 30 of fig. 1, i.e., the charger 20 in the battery charging system 100 is replaced with the direct current-direct current converter 30. The battery module 10 can be in handshake with the dc-dc converter 30 to adjust the charging voltage Vc generated by the dc-dc converter 30. The remaining configuration and operation of the battery charging system 400 is similar or identical to that of the embodiment of fig. 1, and thus is not described in detail herein.
In the foregoing embodiment, the power-on voltage Vfc may be referred to as a safe power-on voltage or a target power-on voltage.
In summary, the battery charging system and method of the present disclosure set a proper charging standard (e.g., a full voltage) by determining the health of the battery module, and adjust the charging voltage for charging the battery pack according to the charging standard by being crossed with the charger, so that the battery pack that is still healthy is maintained in a low-voltage standby state. By maintaining the battery pack in a low-voltage standby state and increasing the saturated voltage as the battery pack ages, the battery charging system and method of the present disclosure can reduce the occurrence of a failure to achieve an expected service life of the battery pack due to the high-voltage saturated state, thereby extending the life of the battery pack.
As further described above, the battery charging system and method of the present disclosure are also applicable to peak load clipping. In the case of peak load clipping, the battery pack is often used frequently, so that the battery pack may accelerate degradation (aging). It is noted that the battery charging system and method of the present disclosure can maintain a healthy battery pack in a low-voltage standby state to avoid the above problems.
Although the embodiments have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
[ Symbolic description ]
10 Battery module
12 Battery management System
14 Battery pack
16 Charging path
20 Charger
30 DC-DC converter
100,400 Battery charging system
121 Controller
122 Switching circuit
200 Method for charging battery
Vc charging Voltage
Vfc, saturated voltage
V1, V2, V N, voltage value
Ic fixed current
SC: voltage adjustment instruction
Tu total usage time
S201, S202, S203, S204, S205.
Claims (12)
1. A battery charging method, characterized in that the battery charging method comprises:
judging the health degree of the battery module according to the evaluation mechanism;
setting a charging standard according to the health degree;
setting a charging voltage of the charger for charging the battery module according to the charging standard by being held with the charger; and
And executing charging operation on the battery module through the charger until the full-power condition is met.
2. The battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery charging method further comprises:
and comparing the capacity of the battery module with a safe standby capacity, wherein when the capacity is lower than the safe standby capacity, the step of judging the health degree is performed.
3. The battery charging method according to claim 1, wherein the lower the health degree is, the higher the charging voltage is.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the saturated condition comprises:
the current value of the battery module is smaller than the full current of the charging standard; and
The voltage value of the battery module is larger than the safe saturated voltage of the charging standard.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the saturated condition comprises:
the current value of the battery module is smaller than the full current of the charging standard; and
The capacity of the battery module is larger than the safe standby capacity of the charging standard.
6. The battery charging method according to claim 1, wherein the charging operation comprises:
A constant current charging mode, wherein the constant current charging mode charges the battery module to the charging voltage with a fixed current; and
And a constant voltage charging mode, wherein the constant voltage charging mode charges the battery module with the charging voltage until the full-power condition is satisfied.
7. A battery charging system, the battery charging system comprising:
a charger; and
The battery module comprises a battery pack and a battery management system, wherein the battery management system dynamically adjusts a target full-charge voltage according to the aging degree of the battery pack and informs the charger of setting charging voltage according to the target full-charge voltage.
8. The battery charging system of claim 7, wherein the battery management system determines the degree of aging when the capacity of the battery pack is below a safe standby capacity.
9. The battery charging system of claim 7, wherein the higher the degree of aging, the higher the target full voltage.
10. The battery charging system of claim 7, wherein the charger charges the battery pack to the charging voltage at a fixed current and then charges the battery pack at the charging voltage until the voltage value of the battery pack is greater than the target full charge voltage and the current value of the battery pack is less than the full charge current.
11. The battery charging system of claim 7, wherein the battery management system notifies the charger to stop charging the battery pack by handshaking with the charger when the voltage value of the battery pack is greater than the target full voltage and the current value of the battery pack is less than full current.
12. The battery charging system of claim 7, wherein said battery management system comprises a switching circuit;
and when the voltage value of the battery pack is larger than the target full-charge voltage and the current value of the battery pack is smaller than the full-charge current, the battery management system switches the switch circuit to a non-conducting state so as to stop the charger from charging the battery pack.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211344409.6A CN117996876A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Battery charging method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211344409.6A CN117996876A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Battery charging method and system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117996876A true CN117996876A (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211344409.6A Pending CN117996876A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Battery charging method and system |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117996876A (en) |
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- 2022-10-31 CN CN202211344409.6A patent/CN117996876A/en active Pending
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