CN117977496A - PWM motor speed regulation device with feedback diagnosis function - Google Patents
PWM motor speed regulation device with feedback diagnosis function Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0852—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load directly responsive to abnormal temperature by using a temperature sensor
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及电机控制的技术领域，具体涉及一种具有反馈诊断功能的PWM电机调速装置。The invention relates to the technical field of motor control, and in particular to a PWM motor speed regulating device with a feedback diagnosis function.
背景技术Background technique
在电机控制领域中，利用PWM信号的占空比来调节电机两端的电压变化，从而实现电机转速的控制。MOSFET管因为其具有可以实现高频率开关的特点，也常常与PWM信号一起应用于电机控制中。In the field of motor control, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is used to adjust the voltage change at both ends of the motor, thereby achieving motor speed control. MOSFET tubes are often used in motor control together with PWM signals because they can achieve high-frequency switching.
但是在进行电机控制时，对整个控制系统的电压、电流和温度进行反馈和控制也是不容忽视的风险问题，现有的电机控制装置中的保护装置仍不够完善，并且不够集成，无法应对越来越高的使用需求。However, when controlling the motor, feedback and control of the voltage, current and temperature of the entire control system are also risks that cannot be ignored. The protection devices in existing motor control devices are still not perfect and not integrated enough to cope with the increasingly high usage demands.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供了一种具有反馈诊断功能的PWM电机调速装置，包括PWM输入模块、电机驱动电源模块和电机，所述电机驱动电源模块中的电压源输入接口通过电路与所述电机的正负极连接提供驱动电压，所述电机的正负极与电机电压控制电路连接，所述电机电压控制电路用于控制所述电机的驱动电压。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a PWM motor speed regulation device with feedback diagnostic function, including a PWM input module, a motor drive power supply module and a motor, wherein the voltage source input interface in the motor drive power supply module is connected to the positive and negative poles of the motor through a circuit to provide a driving voltage, and the positive and negative poles of the motor are connected to a motor voltage control circuit, and the motor voltage control circuit is used to control the driving voltage of the motor.
所述PWM输入模块中还包括有PWM输入接口和PWM识别电路，所述PWM识别电路与所述电机电压控制电路连接，所述PWM输入接口接收到PWM信号后，通过PWM识别电路对所述PWM信号进行识别生成控制信号输入所述电机电压控制电路，识别内容主要为PWM信号的占空比。The PWM input module also includes a PWM input interface and a PWM identification circuit. The PWM identification circuit is connected to the motor voltage control circuit. After the PWM input interface receives the PWM signal, the PWM signal is identified by the PWM identification circuit to generate a control signal that is input into the motor voltage control circuit. The identification content is mainly the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
所述PWM识别电路通过闸级功率放大器与MOSFET管的G端连接，所述MOSFET管的D端与所述电机的负极连接，所述MOSFET管的S端与一分流电阻的一端连接，所述分流电阻的另一端接地。MOSFET管根据PWM信号的占空比进行一定频率的开关，实现对电机电压的调整。The PWM identification circuit is connected to the G terminal of the MOSFET tube through a gate power amplifier, the D terminal of the MOSFET tube is connected to the negative electrode of the motor, the S terminal of the MOSFET tube is connected to one end of a shunt resistor, and the other end of the shunt resistor is grounded. The MOSFET tube switches at a certain frequency according to the duty cycle of the PWM signal to adjust the motor voltage.
进一步地，所述PWM识别电路与系统供电模块中的电压保护电路一端连接，所述系统供电模块还包括有系统供电电池，所述系统供电电池与所述电压保护电路的另一端连接。Furthermore, the PWM identification circuit is connected to one end of a voltage protection circuit in a system power supply module, and the system power supply module also includes a system power supply battery, and the system power supply battery is connected to the other end of the voltage protection circuit.
进一步地，所述电压源输入接口和所述电机之间设置有电磁滤波器和瞬态电压抑制二极管。Furthermore, an electromagnetic filter and a transient voltage suppression diode are provided between the voltage source input interface and the motor.
进一步地，所述PWM输入模块中还包括有反馈诊断电路和反馈诊断接口，所述反馈诊断电路与所述电压保护电路连接，将反馈诊断信号通过反馈诊断接口输出。Furthermore, the PWM input module also includes a feedback diagnostic circuit and a feedback diagnostic interface. The feedback diagnostic circuit is connected to the voltage protection circuit and outputs a feedback diagnostic signal through the feedback diagnostic interface.
进一步地，所述反馈诊断电路与温度保护电路的一端连接，所述温度保护电路的另一端与温敏电阻连接，所述温敏电阻的另一端接地。Furthermore, the feedback diagnosis circuit is connected to one end of the temperature protection circuit, the other end of the temperature protection circuit is connected to a thermistor, and the other end of the thermistor is grounded.
进一步地，所述反馈诊断电路还与电流保护电路的一端连接，所述电流保护电路的另一端与所述分流电阻连接。Furthermore, the feedback diagnosis circuit is also connected to one end of the current protection circuit, and the other end of the current protection circuit is connected to the shunt resistor.
进一步地，所述PWM输入模块的PWM输入接口相对于PWM识别电路的另一端与PWM控制电路连接。Furthermore, the other end of the PWM input interface of the PWM input module relative to the PWM identification circuit is connected to the PWM control circuit.
进一步地，所述反馈诊断接口的内部电路中设置有三极管，所述三极管的基极与上位机连接，发射极与所述PWM输入接口连接，集电极接地，所述三极管拉低所述PWM输入接口的电压，通过基极输出所述诊断信号。当出现过压情况时，装置电压为18±1V，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，过压撤除后，电压恢复至17±1V，反馈诊断电路恢复装置的输出，电机恢复运转。当出现欠压情况时，装置电压为6.25±0.25V，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，欠压撤除后，电压恢复至8±0.5V，反馈诊断电路恢复装置的输出，电机恢复运转。当出现电机短路时，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，每隔2s尝试启动电机，重复4次，4次后每隔30s尝试启动电机，直到故障解除，电机恢复运转。当出现过电流情况时，电机电流大于限制值，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，每隔500ms尝试启动电机，直到故障解除，电机恢复运转。当出现过温情况时，装置内部温度达到120±10℃，反馈诊断电路降低装置的输出，减小电机的电压，若温度持续上升至135±10℃，反馈诊断电路关闭装置的输出，直到温度降低至90±10℃，电机恢复运转。当出现电机堵转情况时，反馈诊断电路立即关闭装置的输出，每隔2s尝试启动，重复10次，之后每隔2min尝试启动，直至故障解除，电机恢复运转。当出现电机与模块断开连接时，反馈诊断电路立即关闭装置的输出，每隔5s尝试启动电机，直至故障解除，电机恢复运转。Furthermore, a transistor is provided in the internal circuit of the feedback diagnostic interface, the base of the transistor is connected to the host computer, the emitter is connected to the PWM input interface, the collector is grounded, and the transistor pulls down the voltage of the PWM input interface and outputs the diagnostic signal through the base. When an overvoltage occurs, the device voltage is 18±1V, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device, and after the overvoltage is removed, the voltage returns to 17±1V, the feedback diagnostic circuit restores the output of the device, and the motor resumes operation. When an undervoltage occurs, the device voltage is 6.25±0.25V, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device, and after the undervoltage is removed, the voltage returns to 8±0.5V, the feedback diagnostic circuit restores the output of the device, and the motor resumes operation. When a motor short circuit occurs, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device, and attempts to start the motor every 2s, repeats 4 times, and attempts to start the motor every 30s after 4 times until the fault is removed and the motor resumes operation. When an overcurrent condition occurs, the motor current is greater than the limit value, and the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device and attempts to start the motor every 500ms until the fault is cleared and the motor resumes operation. When an overtemperature condition occurs, the internal temperature of the device reaches 120±10℃, and the feedback diagnostic circuit reduces the output of the device and reduces the voltage of the motor. If the temperature continues to rise to 135±10℃, the feedback diagnostic circuit turns off the output of the device until the temperature drops to 90±10℃ and the motor resumes operation. When the motor is blocked, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately turns off the output of the device and attempts to start it every 2s, repeating 10 times, and then tries to start it every 2min until the fault is cleared and the motor resumes operation. When the motor is disconnected from the module, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately turns off the output of the device and attempts to start the motor every 5s until the fault is cleared and the motor resumes operation.
故障信息反馈的优先级是：电机短路>过流/堵转>过温>过压/欠压>电机开路，故障信号输出的持续周期始终存在，直到故障解除，保证CCM对故障的明确判断。The priority of fault information feedback is: motor short circuit > overcurrent/stall > overtemperature > overvoltage/undervoltage > motor open circuit. The continuous cycle of fault signal output always exists until the fault is resolved, ensuring that CCM can make a clear judgment on the fault.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
（1）通过设置MOSFET管，实现对电机的更高精度的控制；(1) By setting the MOSFET tube, a higher precision control of the motor can be achieved;
（2）通过设置电压保护电路、温度保护电路、电流保护电路、反馈诊断电路对装置和电机的状况持续监控，通过三极管拉低PWM输入接口的输入，使装置和电机在工作过程中具有安全保障。(2) By setting up a voltage protection circuit, a temperature protection circuit, a current protection circuit, and a feedback diagnostic circuit, the conditions of the device and the motor are continuously monitored, and the input of the PWM input interface is pulled down by a transistor, so that the device and the motor are safe during operation.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为更进一步阐述本发明为实现预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，属于“内”“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所述的方位或位置，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、一特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by "inside" or "outside" etc. is based on the orientation or position described in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, a specific orientation structure and operation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
参照图1，为本发明公开的一种具有反馈诊断功能的PWM电机调速装置，包括PWM输入模块、电机驱动电源模块和电机，所述电机驱动电源模块中的电压源输入接口通过电路与所述电机的正负极连接提供驱动电压，电机的正负极与电机电压控制电路连接，用于控制所述电机的驱动电压。PWM输入模块输入频率为40HZ~1300HZ的PWM信号，通过MOSFET管调节电机转速。输入的PWM信号的幅值大小为高电平>5V，低电平<1.5V，斜率为上升沿/下降沿<100us。当PWM信号的占空比满足下列条件时，电机处于相应的电压档位（duty为占空比）：Referring to Figure 1, a PWM motor speed regulation device with feedback diagnostic function disclosed in the present invention includes a PWM input module, a motor drive power module and a motor. The voltage source input interface in the motor drive power module is connected to the positive and negative poles of the motor through a circuit to provide a drive voltage. The positive and negative poles of the motor are connected to the motor voltage control circuit to control the drive voltage of the motor. The PWM input module inputs a PWM signal with a frequency of 40HZ~1300HZ, and adjusts the motor speed through a MOSFET tube. The amplitude of the input PWM signal is high level>5V, low level<1.5V, and the slope is rising edge/falling edge<100us. When the duty cycle of the PWM signal meets the following conditions, the motor is in the corresponding voltage gear (duty is the duty cycle):
duty<14%, 电机关闭；duty<14%, the motor is turned off;
14%≤duty<95%, 2.5V<电机电压<14V；14%≤duty<95%, 2.5V<motor voltage<14V;
duty=95%, 电机电压=最大输出电压；duty=95%, motor voltage=maximum output voltage;
duty>95%, 电机关闭。Duty>95%, motor turns off.
所述PWM输入模块中还包括有PWM输入接口和PWM识别电路，所述PWM识别电路与所述电机电压控制电路连接，所述PWM输入接口接收到PWM信号后，通过PWM识别电路对所述PWM信号进行识别生成控制信号输入所述电机电压控制电路，识别内容主要为PWM信号的占空比。The PWM input module also includes a PWM input interface and a PWM identification circuit. The PWM identification circuit is connected to the motor voltage control circuit. After the PWM input interface receives the PWM signal, the PWM signal is identified by the PWM identification circuit to generate a control signal that is input into the motor voltage control circuit. The identification content is mainly the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
所述PWM识别电路通过闸级功率放大器与MOSFET管的G端连接，所述MOSFET管的D端与所述电机的负极连接，所述MOSFET管的S端与一分流电阻的一端连接，所述分流电阻的另一端接地。MOSFET管根据PWM信号的占空比进行一定频率的开关，实现对电机电压的调整。The PWM identification circuit is connected to the G terminal of the MOSFET tube through a gate power amplifier, the D terminal of the MOSFET tube is connected to the negative electrode of the motor, the S terminal of the MOSFET tube is connected to one end of a shunt resistor, and the other end of the shunt resistor is grounded. The MOSFET tube switches at a certain frequency according to the duty cycle of the PWM signal to adjust the motor voltage.
进一步地，所述PWM识别电路与系统供电模块中的电压保护电路一端连接，所述系统供电模块还包括有系统供电电池，所述系统供电电池与所述电压保护电路的另一端连接。Furthermore, the PWM identification circuit is connected to one end of a voltage protection circuit in a system power supply module, and the system power supply module also includes a system power supply battery, and the system power supply battery is connected to the other end of the voltage protection circuit.
进一步地，所述电压源输入接口和所述电机之间设置有电磁滤波器和瞬态电压抑制二极管。Furthermore, an electromagnetic filter and a transient voltage suppression diode are provided between the voltage source input interface and the motor.
进一步地，所述PWM输入模块中还包括有反馈诊断电路和反馈诊断接口，所述反馈诊断电路与所述电压保护电路连接，将反馈诊断信号通过反馈诊断接口输出。Furthermore, the PWM input module also includes a feedback diagnostic circuit and a feedback diagnostic interface. The feedback diagnostic circuit is connected to the voltage protection circuit and outputs a feedback diagnostic signal through the feedback diagnostic interface.
进一步地，所述反馈诊断电路与温度保护电路的一端连接，所述温度保护电路的另一端与温敏电阻连接，所述温敏电阻的另一端接地。Furthermore, the feedback diagnosis circuit is connected to one end of the temperature protection circuit, the other end of the temperature protection circuit is connected to a thermistor, and the other end of the thermistor is grounded.
进一步地，所述反馈诊断电路还与电流保护电路的一端连接，所述电流保护电路的另一端与所述分流电阻连接。Furthermore, the feedback diagnosis circuit is also connected to one end of the current protection circuit, and the other end of the current protection circuit is connected to the shunt resistor.
进一步地，所述PWM输入模块的PWM输入接口相对于PWM识别电路的另一端与PWM控制电路连接。Furthermore, the other end of the PWM input interface of the PWM input module relative to the PWM identification circuit is connected to the PWM control circuit.
优选地，所述电压保护电路、所述PWM识别电路、所述反馈诊断电路、所述温度保护电路、所述电机电压控制电路、所述闸级功率放大器、所述电流保护电路集成与同一主体外壳中。所述PWM识别电路和所述反馈诊断电路构成所述PWM输入模块的主体电路，主体电路通过引脚将所述PWM识别电路与所述电机电压控制电路、所述闸级功率放大器、所述电压保护电路连接，主体电路通过引脚将所述反馈诊断电路与所述电压保护电路、温度保护电路、电流保护电路连接。Preferably, the voltage protection circuit, the PWM identification circuit, the feedback diagnosis circuit, the temperature protection circuit, the motor voltage control circuit, the gate power amplifier, and the current protection circuit are integrated into the same main housing. The PWM identification circuit and the feedback diagnosis circuit constitute the main circuit of the PWM input module, and the main circuit connects the PWM identification circuit with the motor voltage control circuit, the gate power amplifier, and the voltage protection circuit through pins, and the main circuit connects the feedback diagnosis circuit with the voltage protection circuit, the temperature protection circuit, and the current protection circuit through pins.
进一步地，所述反馈诊断接口的内部电路中设置有三极管，所述三极管的基极与上位机连接，发射极与所述PWM输入接口连接，集电极接地，所述三极管拉低所述PWM输入接口的电压，通过基极输出所述诊断信号。当出现过压情况时，装置电压为18±1V，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，过压撤除后，电压恢复至17±1V，反馈诊断电路恢复装置的输出，电机恢复运转。当出现欠压情况时，装置电压为6.25±0.25V，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，欠压撤除后，电压恢复至8±0.5V，反馈诊断电路恢复装置的输出，电机恢复运转。当出现电机短路时，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，每隔2s尝试启动电机，重复4次，4次后每隔30s尝试启动电机，直到故障解除，电机恢复运转。当出现过电流情况时，电机电流大于限制值，反馈诊断电路立即断开装置的输出，每隔500ms尝试启动电机，直到故障解除，电机恢复运转。当出现过温情况时，装置内部温度达到120±10℃，反馈诊断电路降低装置的输出，减小电机的电压，若温度持续上升至135±10℃，反馈诊断电路关闭装置的输出，直到温度降低至90±10℃，电机恢复运转。当出现电机堵转情况时，反馈诊断电路立即关闭装置的输出，每隔2s尝试启动，重复10次，之后每隔2min尝试启动，直至故障解除，电机恢复运转。当出现电机与模块断开连接时，反馈诊断电路立即关闭装置的输出，每隔5s尝试启动电机，直至故障解除，电机恢复运转。Furthermore, a transistor is provided in the internal circuit of the feedback diagnostic interface, the base of the transistor is connected to the host computer, the emitter is connected to the PWM input interface, the collector is grounded, and the transistor pulls down the voltage of the PWM input interface and outputs the diagnostic signal through the base. When an overvoltage occurs, the device voltage is 18±1V, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device, and after the overvoltage is removed, the voltage returns to 17±1V, the feedback diagnostic circuit restores the output of the device, and the motor resumes operation. When an undervoltage occurs, the device voltage is 6.25±0.25V, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device, and after the undervoltage is removed, the voltage returns to 8±0.5V, the feedback diagnostic circuit restores the output of the device, and the motor resumes operation. When a motor short circuit occurs, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device, and attempts to start the motor every 2s, repeats 4 times, and attempts to start the motor every 30s after 4 times until the fault is removed and the motor resumes operation. When an overcurrent condition occurs, the motor current is greater than the limit value, and the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately disconnects the output of the device and attempts to start the motor every 500ms until the fault is cleared and the motor resumes operation. When an overtemperature condition occurs, the internal temperature of the device reaches 120±10℃, and the feedback diagnostic circuit reduces the output of the device and reduces the voltage of the motor. If the temperature continues to rise to 135±10℃, the feedback diagnostic circuit turns off the output of the device until the temperature drops to 90±10℃ and the motor resumes operation. When the motor is blocked, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately turns off the output of the device and attempts to start it every 2s, repeating 10 times, and then tries to start it every 2min until the fault is cleared and the motor resumes operation. When the motor is disconnected from the module, the feedback diagnostic circuit immediately turns off the output of the device and attempts to start the motor every 5s until the fault is cleared and the motor resumes operation.
故障信息反馈的优先级是：电机短路>过流/堵转>过温>过压/欠压>电机开路，故障信号输出的持续周期始终存在，直到故障解除，保证CCM对故障的明确判断。The priority of fault information feedback is: motor short circuit > overcurrent/stall > overtemperature > overvoltage/undervoltage > motor open circuit. The continuous cycle of fault signal output always exists until the fault is resolved, ensuring that CCM can make a clear judgment on the fault.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭示如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简介修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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