CN117968431A - Method and device for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of coal-fired power plant - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of coal-fired power plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas waste heat recovery, in particular to a flue gas waste heat recovery control method and device for a coal-fired power plant, which are beneficial to realizing the energy-saving and emission-reducing targets of the coal-fired power plant and are suitable for stricter environmental protection requirements and higher energy efficiency standards; the method is applied to the real-time control of the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant, and comprises the following steps: acquiring a flue heat distribution diagram of a coal-fired power plant; extracting temperature parameters of preset points of a flue according to a flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant, and obtaining a flue key point temperature characteristic set; calculating according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set to obtain the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery; comparing the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery: if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, no action is performed; and if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, acquiring flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep peak shaving evaluation, in particular to a method and a device for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant.
Background
Coal-fired power plants play an important role in power generation as one of the main energy supply forms; however, coal-fired power plants still face a series of challenges in energy conversion and environmental protection, including problems of low energy utilization efficiency, large amount of flue gas emission, and the like; the flue gas waste heat recovery has important significance for improving the operation efficiency of the coal-fired power plant and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases.
The existing flue gas waste heat recovery method generally depends on fixed equipment parameter setting and operation experience, ignores the influence of flue gas volume flow, chemical components, flue gas flow channels and the like on the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency, and is difficult to realize dynamic optimization of flue gas waste heat recovery, so that the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency of a coal-fired power plant is low.
Therefore, a method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant is needed to solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the flue gas waste heat recovery control method of the coal-fired power plant, which is favorable for realizing the energy conservation and emission reduction targets of the coal-fired power plant and is suitable for stricter environmental requirements and higher energy efficiency standards.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant, wherein the method is applied to real-time control of a flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a flue heat distribution diagram of a coal-fired power plant;
extracting temperature parameters of preset points of a flue according to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant to obtain a flue key point temperature characteristic set;
calculating according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set to obtain the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery;
Comparing the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery:
if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, no action is performed;
If the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, acquiring flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant; the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant corresponds to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant in the time dimension;
carrying out feature extraction on flue gas data information of a coal-fired power plant by utilizing a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model to obtain a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set comprises flue gas flow velocity fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical components, flue gas volume flow and flue gas water vapor partial pressure;
inputting the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set into a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model to generate an optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter under the current condition;
And controlling and adjusting the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters.
On the other hand, the application also provides a flue gas waste heat recovery control device of the coal-fired power plant, which comprises:
the flue heat distribution monitoring module is used for acquiring a flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant in real time and sending the flue heat distribution map;
The temperature parameter extraction module is used for receiving the flue heat distribution diagram, automatically extracting temperature parameters of preset key points in the flue heat distribution diagram, forming a flue key point temperature characteristic set and sending the flue key point temperature characteristic set;
The real-time efficiency calculation module is used for receiving the flue key point temperature characteristic set, calculating the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery;
The efficiency comparison and decision module is used for receiving the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery and comparing the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery; if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, the current system operation state is maintained; if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, generating a data acquisition signal and sending the data acquisition signal;
The flue gas data acquisition module is used for receiving the data acquisition signals, collecting flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant corresponding to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant in the time dimension and sending the flue gas data information;
The feature extraction module is used for receiving the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant, carrying out feature extraction on the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant by utilizing a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model, obtaining a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery feature set; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set comprises flue gas flow velocity fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical components, flue gas volume flow and flue gas water vapor partial pressure;
The control parameter optimization module is used for receiving the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set, inputting the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set into a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model, outputting the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter under the current condition, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter;
the automatic control and adjustment module is used for receiving the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters and regulating and controlling the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the transceiver, the memory and the processor being connected by the bus, the computer program when executed by the processor implementing the steps of any of the methods described above.
In a fourth aspect, the application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of any of the methods described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the invention, through acquiring the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant and the key point temperature parameters in real time, the real-time monitoring and calculation of the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency are realized; compared with the traditional parameter setting and operation experience of fixed equipment, the method can timely capture fluctuation of waste heat recovery efficiency caused by working condition change and make corresponding adjustment;
When the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery is detected to be lower than the rated efficiency, the system can further acquire detailed flue gas data information and perform feature extraction, wherein the detailed flue gas data information comprises multi-dimensional characteristics such as the flow rate fluctuation rate, pressure, chemical components, volume flow, water vapor partial pressure and the like of the flue gas, so that specific factors affecting the waste heat recovery efficiency can be comprehensively known; by utilizing the pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model and the control parameter correction model, optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters can be dynamically generated according to the flue gas characteristic set monitored in real time, so that the operation regulation and control of a flue gas waste heat recovery system are accurately guided;
Through the fine management and dynamic optimization of the flue gas waste heat recovery process, the waste heat recovery efficiency can be effectively improved, the energy consumption loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole coal-fired power plant is further improved; more efficient flue gas waste heat recovery means that more waste heat is reused and converted into useful electrical or thermal energy, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption and the consequent greenhouse gas emissions;
in conclusion, the flue gas waste heat recovery control method based on intelligent monitoring and data analysis has obvious advantages in solving the problems existing in the traditional method, is beneficial to realizing the energy saving and emission reduction targets of coal-fired power plants, and is suitable for stricter environmental protection requirements and higher energy efficiency standards.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a flue gas waste heat recovery control method for a coal-fired power plant according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a hardware architecture diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a flue gas waste heat recovery control device for a coal-fired power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant, which is applied to real-time control of a flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a flue heat distribution diagram of a coal-fired power plant;
S2, extracting temperature parameters of preset points of a flue according to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant, and obtaining a flue key point temperature characteristic set;
step S3, calculating according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set to obtain the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery;
Step S4, comparing the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery:
if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, no action is performed;
If the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, acquiring flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant; the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant corresponds to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant in the time dimension;
S5, carrying out feature extraction on flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant by utilizing a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model to obtain a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set comprises flue gas flow velocity fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical components, flue gas volume flow and flue gas water vapor partial pressure;
S6, inputting the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set into a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model to generate optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters under the current conditions;
and S7, controlling and adjusting the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter.
In the embodiment, the method realizes the real-time monitoring and calculation of the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency by acquiring the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant and the key point temperature parameters in real time; compared with the traditional parameter setting and operation experience of fixed equipment, the method can timely capture fluctuation of waste heat recovery efficiency caused by working condition change and make corresponding adjustment; when the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery is detected to be lower than the rated efficiency, the system can further acquire detailed flue gas data information and perform feature extraction, wherein the detailed flue gas data information comprises multi-dimensional characteristics such as the flow rate fluctuation rate, pressure, chemical components, volume flow, water vapor partial pressure and the like of the flue gas, so that specific factors affecting the waste heat recovery efficiency can be comprehensively known; by utilizing the pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model and the control parameter correction model, optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters can be dynamically generated according to the flue gas characteristic set monitored in real time, so that the operation regulation and control of a flue gas waste heat recovery system are accurately guided; through the fine management and dynamic optimization of the flue gas waste heat recovery process, the waste heat recovery efficiency can be effectively improved, the energy consumption loss is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole coal-fired power plant is further improved; more efficient flue gas waste heat recovery means that more waste heat is reused and converted into useful electrical or thermal energy, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption and the consequent greenhouse gas emissions; in conclusion, the flue gas waste heat recovery control method based on intelligent monitoring and data analysis has obvious advantages in solving the problems existing in the traditional method, is beneficial to realizing the energy saving and emission reduction targets of coal-fired power plants, and is suitable for stricter environmental protection requirements and higher energy efficiency standards.
The manner in which the individual steps shown in fig. 1 are performed is described below.
For step S1:
In the S1 step, acquiring a flue heat distribution map of a coal-fired power plant is a key starting point of a flue gas waste heat recovery control method; the step aims at comprehensively knowing the distribution condition of heat in the flue and provides a basis for the calculation, control and adjustment of the subsequent flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency; in actual operation, a series of sensors and monitoring devices are usually required to be deployed to monitor the temperature conditions of different positions in the flue in real time, and the positions of the sensors and the monitoring devices should cover the whole flue so as to ensure that comprehensive heat distribution information is obtained; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
S11, arranging a high-precision thermal infrared imager or a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system in a key region of the flue and in a position with obvious flow velocity and temperature change, wherein the equipment can continuously measure temperature data of each point in the flue;
s12, periodically or continuously acquiring data of each temperature measuring point through an automatic data acquisition system, and transmitting the temperature data to a central control room or a local controller for processing in real time;
S13, constructing a two-dimensional or three-dimensional flue heat distribution map through an algorithm model according to a large amount of collected temperature data, and intuitively displaying the heat distribution condition of the flue gas in the flue, wherein the heat distribution map comprises information such as a high-temperature area, a low-temperature area, a heat flow direction and the like;
S14, because the flue gas temperature can be changed continuously along with factors such as boiler load, combustion working conditions and the like, the acquisition of the flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant must have real-time performance and dynamic updating capability so as to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of decision basis.
In the step, by arranging high-precision temperature measuring equipment in a key area, the omnibearing and multi-point continuous monitoring of temperature data in a flue can be realized, and any key position which possibly influences the waste heat recovery efficiency is ensured not to be missed; an automatic data acquisition system is adopted to acquire temperature data in real time and transmit the temperature data to a control center in real time, so that an operator can grasp the change condition of the heat quantity of the flue gas in time, and support is provided for quick response and accurate regulation;
The flue heat distribution map is dynamically constructed and updated according to the actual operation conditions, so that the heat distribution difference under the conditions of boiler load adjustment, combustion condition change and the like can be reflected, and the method has important significance for optimizing the waste heat recovery strategy; the two-dimensional or three-dimensional heat distribution diagram intuitively displays the temperature gradient and the heat flow direction of the flue gas, is beneficial to accurately evaluating the potential of waste heat resources, and guides technicians to formulate more effective waste heat recovery control parameters; through carrying out the fine management to flue heat distribution, can improve flue gas waste heat recovery system's overall efficiency, reduce the energy extravagant to reduce power generation cost and greenhouse gas emission, accord with environmental protection and economic benefits dual objective.
For step S2:
Step S2 is aimed at determining temperature parameters of preset points of the flue related to the key point position extraction so as to acquire a flue key point temperature characteristic set; the realization of the step needs to comprehensively consider the flue gas characteristics of the coal-fired power plant, the heat distribution in the coal-fired process and the working requirements of a waste heat recovery system; in the flue gas waste heat recovery control method of the coal-fired power plant, the process of determining the key point positions of the flue is a comprehensive process combining theoretical analysis, engineering practice and data analysis; step S2, the selection of the key points of the flue is determined according to a plurality of principles and technical considerations, and is specifically as follows:
S2a, identifying a heat concentration area: according to the heat distribution diagram, the area with the highest temperature of the flue gas is identified, and the positions are usually positioned at the flue part directly connected with the rear part of the combustion chamber of the boiler, because the flue gas carries the most heat and has higher potential of latent heat recovery; when flue gas passes through a heat exchanger of the waste heat recovery system, the temperature difference before and after heat exchange can intuitively reflect the heat recovery efficiency, so that the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger are set as key points for monitoring the heat exchange effect and the equipment performance;
S2b, considering the device structure and the hydrodynamic characteristics: the places such as an elbow, an expanded pipe or a necking in the flue can have obvious influence on the flow speed and the pressure distribution of the flue gas, so that the heat transmission efficiency is changed, and monitoring points are set at the positions with obvious fluid dynamics changes; if there is a backflow, recirculation or mixing of the fumes from different sources, the mixing area is an important key point, as the mixing process can affect the overall temperature and chemical composition distribution of the fumes;
S2c, real-time dynamic response requirement: according to the operation experience of the power plant, some flue areas are particularly sensitive to load change, and the temperature difference is large under the working conditions of low load and high load, and the areas are included in key points so as to adapt to the change of the operation working conditions of the power plant in real time;
S2d, data driving decision: based on the long-term accumulated operation data, analyzing the trend of each point temperature along with the change of time, load and other operation parameters, and screening out a plurality of monitoring points with the greatest influence on the waste heat recovery efficiency as key points;
s2e, numerical simulation assistance: and (3) carrying out simulation on the flow and heat transfer of the flue gas in the flue by using computational fluid dynamics software, and locating the position with larger temperature gradient or obvious heat transfer efficiency change as a key monitoring point according to a simulation result.
In the step, by identifying heat concentration areas, such as a back flue of a combustion chamber, the front and back sides of a heat exchanger and the like, key monitoring points can be ensured to be arranged at the place with the maximum waste heat recovery potential, and the heat recovery efficiency of the whole system is effectively improved; fully considering the influence of the equipment structure and the smoke flow characteristic on the heat transfer efficiency, setting monitoring points at the positions with obvious fluid dynamics changes such as an elbow, a pipe expansion or a necking, helping to capture key factors possibly influencing the heat transfer effect, and optimizing the system design and operation strategy; setting key points for temperature sensitive areas under different load working conditions, so that a control system can be adjusted in real time according to actual running states, thereby realizing fine control on the flue gas waste heat recovery process and improving the overall efficiency of the system;
Deep analysis is carried out based on long-term accumulated operation data, so that the influence degree of each monitoring point on the waste heat recovery efficiency can be more objectively and accurately estimated, and truly critical monitoring positions are screened out, so that the system control is more scientific and reasonable; the CFD and other computational fluid dynamics software are utilized to carry out simulation, so that potential problems can be foreseen and solved in the system design stage, the position with large temperature gradient and obvious heat transfer efficiency change can be accurately found, a reliable basis is provided for subsequent optimization, the test cost is reduced, and the design success rate is improved;
In summary, step S2, by comprehensively applying various theoretical methods and technical means, not only can the temperature parameters of the key points of the flue be extracted more effectively, but also the flue gas waste heat recovery control system can be ensured to have high intelligent and self-adaptive capabilities, thereby improving the energy utilization rate, reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, and being beneficial to realizing efficient and environment-friendly sustainable operation of coal-fired power plants.
For step S3:
Step S3, calculating according to a flue key point temperature characteristic set to obtain the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery; the calculation of the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery is generally based on the energy balance principle, and relates to the total heat of the input flue gas and the recovered heat; the specific implementation method comprises the following key steps:
S31, calculating the heat of the flue gas entering the system by using the flue key point temperature characteristic set obtained in the step S2; by adopting the theory of steady fluid thermodynamics, the heat capacity and the temperature distribution of the flue gas are considered;
S32, calculating the actually recovered heat according to the design and the performance of the waste heat recovery system; including heat recovered by a flue gas heat exchanger or other device;
s33, calculating heat when the flue gas is discharged out of the system by utilizing the flue key point temperature characteristic set obtained in the step S2; by adopting the theory of steady fluid thermodynamics, the heat capacity and the temperature distribution of the flue gas are considered;
S34, calculating the real-time flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency by using the calculated total heat and the recovered heat.
In addition, considering that the flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a plurality of heat exchange units or stages, integrating the heat exchange efficiency of each part according to the flow structure of the system to obtain the real-time comprehensive efficiency of the whole flue gas waste heat recovery system, wherein the efficiency reflects the degree of flue gas waste heat which can be effectively and effectively utilized by the system under the current running condition; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein eta t represents the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery, n is the number of heat exchange units, Q i represents the effective heat transferred from flue gas to a working medium by the ith heat exchange unit, Q in represents the heat when flue gas enters a flue gas waste heat recovery system of a coal-fired power plant, and Q out represents the heat when flue gas is discharged out of the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant.
In the step, by utilizing the flue key point temperature characteristic set, the method considers the temperature distribution condition of the flue gas in the system, and is important for accurately estimating the heat input and output of the flue gas; step S32 involves taking into account the design and performance of the waste heat recovery system, including the actual heat recovered by equipment such as a flue gas heat exchanger, to facilitate accurate modeling of the actual operating conditions of the system; the steady fluid thermodynamic theory is adopted for calculation, so that a solid foundation can be provided for analysis of thermodynamic properties of the system; the method is designed for calculating the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency in real time, which means that the system can respond to the efficiency change under different running conditions in time, thereby optimizing the flue gas waste heat recovery.
For step S4:
step S4 plays a key judging and deciding role in the real-time control method for flue gas waste heat recovery of the coal-fired power plant; the method mainly aims to ensure that a flue gas waste heat recovery system always keeps running at a higher efficiency level, and adopts corresponding regulation and control measures according to the difference between actual running efficiency and rated efficiency, wherein the rated efficiency generally refers to the maximum or reference efficiency which can be achieved under ideal conditions according to equipment design parameters and standard working conditions;
The performance of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is affected by various factors, such as flue gas flow rate, pressure, chemical composition, volume flow, water vapor partial pressure and the like; these factors may change over time and with changes in operating conditions, thereby affecting the efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery; by comparing the real-time efficiency with the rated efficiency in real time, the problems can be found and solved in time, and the running efficiency and stability of the system are improved; the specific implementation process of the step S4 is as follows:
firstly, comparing the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery obtained by the calculation in the step S3 with the rated efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery determined during system design, wherein the comparison result is as follows:
if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency, the operation state of the current system is good, and no additional intervention or adjustment of control parameters are needed, so that unnecessary intervention is avoided, and the system keeps running continuously under the current state;
If the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency, the system is indicated to have potential efficiency loss or abnormal running condition; at this point, the system will automatically trigger acquisition of real-time flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant, including but not limited to flue gas volumetric flow, pressure, chemical composition, etc., and these data must be consistent with the flue heat profile in the time dimension to ensure accuracy of the data analysis.
Through the comparison, the system can quickly identify whether the waste heat recovery achieves the expected effect or not, and corresponding control measures are adopted according to the needs; the control efficiency is improved, and the energy efficient utilization of the coal-fired power plant and the reduction of greenhouse gas emission are facilitated.
For step S5:
S5, performing feature extraction on flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant by using a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model; the method aims at establishing a smoke waste heat recovery characteristic set by extracting key characteristics so that a subsequent smoke waste heat recovery control parameter correction model can more accurately generate optimal control parameters; the specific implementation steps are as follows:
S51, a flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model is built in advance: constructing a flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model according to the characteristics and requirements of flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant; the flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model is based on a machine learning algorithm, such as deep learning or a traditional feature extraction method; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model can extract key characteristics from flue gas data of the coal-fired power plant, and the characteristics have obvious influence on flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency;
s52, acquiring flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant: in the S4 step, if the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency, acquiring flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant; the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant comprises but is not limited to flue gas flow rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, chemical components of flue gas, flue gas volume flow, partial pressure of water vapor in the flue gas and the like;
S53, performing feature extraction by using a pre-constructed model: inputting flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant into a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model analyzes the input flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant, and extracts the characteristics of flue gas flow velocity fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical components, flue gas volume flow, partial pressure of water vapor in flue gas and the like from the flue gas data information;
S54, generating a flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set: forming a flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set according to the output of the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic extraction model; this set contains key characteristic information of the flue gas of the coal-fired power plant under the current conditions, and the characteristics are used for correcting the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters of the subsequent steps.
More specifically, the reason for selecting the above characteristics as the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set is as follows:
Flue gas flow rate fluctuation rate: the stability of the flow velocity of the flue gas directly influences the heat transfer effect in the heat exchanger; the stable flue gas flow rate is beneficial to uniform heat transfer and improves the heat exchange efficiency; when the fluctuation of the flow velocity is large, insufficient or excessive heat exchange in the local area can be caused, and the overall recovery efficiency is reduced; flow rate fluctuations may also exacerbate equipment wear and noise and increase system pressure drop, further affecting system performance;
Flue gas flow channel pressure: in a flue gas waste heat recovery system, the pressure distribution in a flow channel can influence the gas flowing state and the heat transfer process; proper flow rate and lower pressure loss are beneficial to improving heat exchange efficiency; too high pressure can increase energy consumption, and too low pressure can cause that the fluid cannot effectively cover the heat exchange surface, so that the recovery efficiency is reduced; in addition, unreasonable pressure distribution is easy to cause the flue gas to accumulate at certain parts, form local high temperature areas, damage equipment and reduce recoverable heat;
The chemical components of the flue gas are as follows: different chemical components (such as SO 2、NOx、CO2、N2、O2、H2 O and the like) in the flue gas not only affect the thermophysical properties (such as specific heat capacity, heat conductivity coefficient, viscosity and the like) of the flue gas, but also determine the potential corrosiveness and scaling property of the flue gas; the existence of the water vapor is particularly important, and a large amount of energy can be released in the condensation process due to the large latent heat of the water vapor, but the selection difficulty of equipment materials and the requirement of anti-corrosion treatment are increased;
Volumetric flow rate of flue gas: the volume flow of the flue gas directly influences the amount of recoverable total heat; the larger the flow, the more heat is theoretically carried, but if the heat exchange area or design condition cannot adapt to the flow change, the actual recovery efficiency may be reduced; the proper flow control can ensure enough contact time and heat transfer area between the flue gas and the heat exchange medium, thereby optimizing the waste heat recovery effect;
Partial pressure of water vapor in flue gas: flue gas emitted from coal-fired power plants generally contains a relatively high water vapor content, especially after wet desulfurization; the partial pressure of the water vapor determines the saturation degree and the potential phase change heat release amount of the water vapor in the flue gas; if the water vapor in the flue gas can be effectively utilized to carry out condensation heat release, the waste heat recovery efficiency can be improved, and the possibility of environmental humidity and acid rain generation can be reduced by reducing the discharge of wet flue gas.
In the step, key features which have obvious influence on the waste heat recovery efficiency can be extracted from complex coal-fired power plant flue gas data in a targeted manner through a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model, so that subjectivity and omission which may exist when features are selected manually are avoided; the model can perform feature extraction according to the smoke data monitored in real time, timely reflect the smoke characteristics under the current operation working condition, provide a basis for the correction of subsequent control parameters, and is beneficial to realizing the dynamic optimization control of the smoke waste heat recovery system;
By extracting the accurate smoke feature set, the smoke waste heat recovery control parameter correction model can more accurately predict and generate optimal control parameters, so that the operation efficiency and stability of a waste heat recovery system are effectively improved; by paying attention to core indexes such as the flow velocity fluctuation rate, pressure, chemical components, volume flow, water vapor partial pressure and the like of the flue gas, the heat exchange effect is improved, the equipment loss is reduced, the reasonable utilization of resources and the energy consumption are facilitated, and the influence on the environment is reduced by effectively controlling the water vapor partial pressure and the like; the feature extraction model constructed based on the machine learning algorithm can learn and adapt to changes, has good adaptability to complex and changeable coal-fired power plant operation conditions, and provides scientific and intelligent technical support for decision makers.
For step S6:
In the S6 step, a flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model is constructed based on a machine learning algorithm and is used for generating optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters under the current condition according to a flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set; specifically, the construction process of the model is as follows:
S61, collecting operation data of a large amount of flue gas waste heat recovery systems of the coal-fired power plants, including but not limited to flue gas flow, pressure, temperature, chemical components (such as SO 2、NOx、CO2、O2、H2 O and the like), water vapor partial pressure, corresponding flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency and the like; the data are subjected to pretreatment steps such as cleaning, missing value filling, abnormal value detection, standardization and the like;
S62, on the basis of obtaining a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set, further performing correlation analysis, dimension reduction treatment or deriving a new characterization variable on the features so as to ensure that the features input into the model can effectively reflect the relation between the flue gas state and the waste heat recovery efficiency;
S63, selecting a proper machine learning algorithm or a deep learning architecture to construct a flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model; possible choices include, but are not limited to, regression models (e.g., support vector machine regression, multiple linear regression, decision tree regression, etc.), neural network models (e.g., multi-layer perceptron, convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network, etc.), or other optimization algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, etc.); the existing smoke data and the corresponding optimal control parameters are used as training samples, and a model is trained through a supervised learning method, so that the model learns and grasps the mapping rule between the smoke characteristics and the optimal control parameters;
And S64, after training is completed, performing performance evaluation on the model by using an independent data set or a cross verification method, verifying aspects such as prediction error, precision, robustness and the like, and adjusting model parameters or improving a model structure according to a verification result until the model reaches an expected performance index.
In the step, the model can learn the complex relation in the actual system by collecting a large amount of operation data of the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant; the data driving method is helpful for the model to better understand the relation between the flue gas characteristics and the waste heat recovery efficiency, and is not only based on theory or rules; by carrying out correlation analysis, dimension reduction treatment or deriving new characterization variables on the basis of obtaining the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set, the characteristics input into the model are ensured to effectively reflect the relation between the flue gas state and the waste heat recovery efficiency; this helps to improve the predictive performance of the model; the control parameter correction model has the capability of real-time dynamic adjustment, and parameters such as the temperature of the heat exchanger are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time efficiency calculation result; this enables the system to achieve optimal waste heat recovery under different conditions.
For step S7:
The control and adjustment of the flue gas waste heat recovery system involves a plurality of key parameters including flue gas flow rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, heat exchanger temperature, flue gas recirculation, chemical components, humidity and the like; the following is a detailed description of various control parameters:
s7a, controlling the flow rate of flue gas: when the model outputs the optimal control parameters aiming at the fluctuation rate characteristics of the flue gas flow rate, the optimal control parameters can be realized by adjusting the rotating speed of a fan or a pump; if the analysis result shows that the flow speed fluctuation needs to be reduced to improve the heat transfer efficiency, the speed of the fan can be properly slowed down, the stable flow of the flue gas in the heat exchanger is ensured, and the heat transfer loss caused by uneven flow speed is reduced; conversely, if the flow rate is required to be increased to increase the contact times of the flue gas and the heat exchange surface, the rotating speed of the fan can be properly increased;
S7b, controlling the pressure of a flue gas flow passage: based on the optimal parameters corresponding to the pressure characteristics of the flue gas flow channel, an operator can maintain the pressure of the flue gas in the flow channel in an optimal range by regulating and controlling the opening of the valve and the working state of the pressurizing or depressurizing device; too high a pressure may cause increased energy consumption and equipment wear, while too low a pressure may affect gas flow and heat exchange effects, so fine pressure control helps to ensure stable operation and efficient heat exchange of the whole system;
s7c, heat exchanger temperature control: the calculated flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency in time can help to determine the optimal inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat exchanger; after the model gives out corresponding temperature control parameters, a worker can adjust the flow of a heating medium (such as steam) or the circulation volume of a cooling medium (such as cooling water), so that the working temperature of the heat exchanger is accurately kept in a designed optimum interval, and waste heat in the flue gas is extracted to the greatest extent and converted into usable energy;
S7d, smoke recycling control: according to the optimal recycling proportion obtained by the characteristics of the volume flow of the flue gas, the partial pressure of the water vapor and the like, an operator can optimize recycling of the flue gas by accurately controlling the flow of part of the flue gas flowing back to the combustion chamber from the flue gas outlet; proper recirculation not only improves heat recovery efficiency, but also helps improve the combustion process, such as reducing pollutant emissions, and helps maintain temperature profile balance within the boiler;
s7e, chemical composition and humidity control: aiming at chemical components and related parameters (such as SO x、NOx、CO2、O2、H2 O and the like) in the flue gas, the working states of the environmental protection facilities can be dynamically adjusted through preset environmental protection device control logics such as operation parameters of a desulfurizing tower and a denitration device, SO that harmful substances can be removed more effectively and energy recovery is maximized at the same time; in addition, by utilizing the partial pressure information of the water vapor in the flue gas, the operation of the steam-water system can be optimized, for example, the operation of a steam generator or a condenser is improved, so that the flue gas waste heat recovery effect is indirectly influenced.
The adjustment of the control parameters can be realized through an automatic control system, for example, equipment such as PLC (programmable logic controller) or DCS (distributed control system) is used for real-time monitoring and control; by associating the control parameters with the flue gas waste heat recovery feature set, a control strategy based on data driving can be established, and dynamic optimization of a flue gas waste heat recovery system can be realized; it should be noted that specific control parameters and control strategies may be different for different flue gas waste heat recovery systems and conditions; in practical application, the control parameters need to be properly adjusted and optimized according to practical conditions so as to ensure the stable operation and the optimal performance of the flue gas waste heat recovery system.
In the step, the setting of each control point such as the flue gas flow rate, the pressure, the heat exchanger temperature and the like can be accurately adjusted by acquiring and analyzing key operation parameters in real time, so that the optimal matching of the system operation state and a design target or the current working condition is realized, and the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency is improved; optimizing the smoke recycling proportion is beneficial to improving the energy utilization rate and reducing the energy waste; meanwhile, the fine regulation and control of chemical components and humidity is beneficial to reducing pollutant emission, meets the environmental protection requirement, and reflects the green low-carbon operation concept; the reasonable control of the pressure of the flue gas flow channel can avoid equipment abrasion and faults caused by over high or over low pressure, is beneficial to ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment and prolonging the service life;
By adopting automatic control systems such as PLC or DCS, the system can realize real-time monitoring and automatic control of the flue gas waste heat recovery system, greatly lighten the burden of manual operation and improve the response speed and control precision; the control strategy based on data driving can flexibly cope with the change of the operation condition of the coal-fired power plant, ensures that higher waste heat recovery efficiency can be achieved under different load conditions, and enhances the flexibility and stability of the whole system.
The flue gas chemical composition control method specifically comprises the following steps:
S7e1, dynamically adjusting the mixing proportion of the coal according to the sulfur content in the flue gas; the use proportion of different coals can be monitored in real time and flexibly adjusted, so that the discharge amount of sulfur oxides in the flue gas can be effectively reduced, the pressure of desulfurization equipment is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced; optimizing the combination of coal types is beneficial to improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the incomplete combustion loss of high-sulfur coal, thereby saving energy and reducing the operation cost;
S7e2, controlling the proportion of primary air, secondary air and tertiary air and the air supply time point; the reasonable distribution of the air supply quantity of each stage is beneficial to realizing low-nitrogen combustion and controlling the generation of nitrogen oxides; the low-temperature graded oxygen supply can prevent excessive nitrogen oxides from being generated in a high-temperature area; the accurate control of the air supply not only can ensure the full combustion of the fuel, but also can avoid heat loss caused by excessive air, and improves the overall heat efficiency of the boiler;
S7e3, dynamically adjusting the ammonia water injection amount of the coal-fired power plant provided with the selective catalytic reduction system according to the concentration of NO x; the selective catalytic reduction technology can reduce NO x in the flue gas into nitrogen and water vapor by utilizing ammonia under the action of a catalyst, and can ensure the optimal denitration effect and meet the requirements of environmental regulations by monitoring the concentration of NO x in real time and dynamically adjusting the injection amount of ammonia water; avoiding NO x emission reduction from reaching the standard caused by resource waste or insufficient ammonia water injection, and realizing the best balance of economic benefit and environmental protection benefit;
S7e4, dynamically adjusting the addition rate of the desulfurizing agent and the pH value of the slurry according to the concentration of SO x in the flue gas; in the wet desulfurization process, the feeding speed of the desulfurizing agent is adjusted according to the actual emission concentration of SO x, and the pH value of the slurry is maintained to be proper, SO that the desulfurization reaction can be ensured to be carried out in a high-efficiency state, the desulfurization efficiency is improved, and the influence of SO x on the environment is reduced; the desulfurization agent is timely adjusted to avoid unstable system caused by excessive or insufficient desulfurizing agent, and meanwhile, desulfurization equipment is protected from being influenced by corrosion and other problems, so that the service life of the desulfurization equipment is prolonged.
On the other hand, the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters also comprise the acquisition frequency of a flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant; setting the acquisition frequency of a flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant according to the running state of the flue gas waste heat recovery system under the current condition; the effect of the acquisition frequency of the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant is to influence the sensitivity and response speed of the flue gas waste heat recovery control system; specifically, the collection frequency of the flue heat distribution diagram determines the monitoring and updating frequency of the system to the flue gas condition, so that the adjustment of the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters is influenced;
The high-frequency data acquisition can provide more timely and accurate heat distribution information, is beneficial to rapidly capturing the trend and fluctuation condition of the temperature change in the flue, and is important to realizing the fine control of the flue gas waste heat recovery system; the response speed of the control system to the change of the internal thermal state of the flue can be improved by timely adjusting the data acquisition frequency, and when the distribution of the heat in the flue is obviously changed, the system can recalculate the optimal control parameters faster according to the new distribution diagram of the heat, so that the waste heat recovery efficiency is effectively improved;
Too high a collection frequency may increase energy consumption and equipment loss, while too low may result in inaccurate regulation; therefore, the reasonable setting of the acquisition frequency can meet the real-time monitoring requirement, avoid resource waste and realize the balance between the running cost and the control effect;
Under different load conditions or combustion stages, the heat distribution characteristics in the flue of the coal-fired power plant are different; the time resolution of acquiring key information can be ensured to be matched with the actual physical process under different working conditions by dynamically adjusting the acquisition frequency, so that the optimized operation of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is effectively guided;
By combining the acquisition frequency of the flue heat distribution map and other flue gas characteristic parameters, the correction model can generate more accurate control parameters, and the parameters not only comprise traditional operation parameters, but also cover the source link of data acquisition, so that the efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is improved in an overall optimization mode.
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention provides a flue gas waste heat recovery control device for a coal-fired power plant. The apparatus embodiments may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 2, a hardware architecture diagram of an electronic device where a flue gas waste heat recovery control device for a coal-fired power plant is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, besides a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 2, the electronic device where the device is located in the embodiment may generally include other hardware, such as a forwarding chip responsible for processing a message, and so on. Taking a software implementation as an example, as shown in fig. 3, the device in a logic sense is formed by reading a corresponding computer program in a nonvolatile memory into a memory by a CPU of an electronic device where the device is located and running the computer program.
As shown in fig. 3, the flue gas waste heat recovery control device for a coal-fired power plant provided in this embodiment includes:
the flue heat distribution monitoring module is used for acquiring a flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant in real time and sending the flue heat distribution map;
The temperature parameter extraction module is used for receiving the flue heat distribution diagram, automatically extracting temperature parameters of preset key points in the flue heat distribution diagram, forming a flue key point temperature characteristic set and sending the flue key point temperature characteristic set;
The real-time efficiency calculation module is used for receiving the flue key point temperature characteristic set, calculating the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery;
The efficiency comparison and decision module is used for receiving the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery and comparing the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery; if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, the current system operation state is maintained; if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, generating a data acquisition signal and sending the data acquisition signal;
The flue gas data acquisition module is used for receiving the data acquisition signals, collecting flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant corresponding to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant in the time dimension and sending the flue gas data information;
The feature extraction module is used for receiving the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant, carrying out feature extraction on the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant by utilizing a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model, obtaining a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery feature set; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set comprises flue gas flow velocity fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical components, flue gas volume flow and flue gas water vapor partial pressure;
The control parameter optimization module is used for receiving the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set, inputting the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set into a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model, outputting the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter under the current condition, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter;
the automatic control and adjustment module is used for receiving the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters and regulating and controlling the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters.
In the embodiment, the device acquires a heat distribution diagram in the flue of the coal-fired power plant in real time through a flue heat distribution monitoring module, automatically extracts temperature parameters of key points through a temperature parameter extraction module, and calculates the flue gas waste heat recovery efficiency in real time through a real-time efficiency calculation module; the real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism can enable the system to be more dynamic and better adapt to the change of actual running conditions; the control parameter optimization module outputs optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters under the current condition according to the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set by utilizing a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model; the intelligent optimization method can improve the operation efficiency of the system and ensure that the optimal waste heat recovery effect can be obtained under different working conditions; the automatic control and adjustment module regulates and controls the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter; the self-adaptive adjustment can enable the system to automatically adapt to changing conditions in actual operation, and high-efficiency waste heat recovery is maintained; the feature extraction module considers a plurality of factors including the fluctuation rate of the flow velocity of the flue gas, the pressure of the flue gas flow channel, the chemical composition of the flue gas, the volume flow of the flue gas, the partial pressure of water vapor in the flue gas and the like through a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model; this comprehensive consideration helps to more accurately evaluate system performance and optimize it; by improving the operation efficiency of the coal-fired power plant and reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, the device is beneficial to realizing the aim of energy conservation and environmental protection, and meets the requirements of the modern society on sustainable development and environmental protection.
It is understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the invention does not constitute a specific limitation of a flue gas waste heat recovery control device for a coal-fired power plant. In other embodiments of the invention, a coal-fired power plant flue gas waste heat recovery control device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or split certain components, or may have a different arrangement of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
The content of information interaction and execution process between the modules in the device is based on the same conception as the embodiment of the method of the present invention, and specific content can be referred to the description in the embodiment of the method of the present invention, which is not repeated here.
The embodiment of the invention also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the flue gas waste heat recovery control device of the coal-fired power plant in any embodiment of the invention is realized.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium is stored with a computer program, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to execute the flue gas waste heat recovery control method of the coal-fired power plant in any embodiment of the invention.
Specifically, a system or apparatus provided with a storage medium on which a software program code realizing the functions of any of the above embodiments is stored, and a computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or apparatus may be caused to read out and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.
In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium may realize the functions of any of the above-described embodiments, and thus the program code and the storage medium storing the program code form part of the present invention.
Examples of storage media for providing program code include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (e.g., CD-ROMs, CD-R, CD-RWs, DVD-ROMs, DVD-RAMs, DVD-RWs, DVD+RWs), magnetic tapes, nonvolatile memory cards, and ROMs. Alternatively, the program code may be downloaded from a server computer by a communication network.
Further, it should be apparent that the functions of any of the above-described embodiments may be implemented not only by executing the program code read out by the computer, but also by causing an operating system or the like operating on the computer to perform part or all of the actual operations based on the instructions of the program code.
Further, it is understood that the program code read out by the storage medium is written into a memory provided in an expansion board inserted into a computer or into a memory provided in an expansion module connected to the computer, and then a CPU or the like mounted on the expansion board or the expansion module is caused to perform part and all of actual operations based on instructions of the program code, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above embodiments.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program, when executed, performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media in which program code may be stored, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method is applied to the real-time control of a flue gas waste heat recovery system of a coal-fired power plant, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a flue heat distribution diagram of a coal-fired power plant;
extracting temperature parameters of preset points of a flue according to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant to obtain a flue key point temperature characteristic set;
calculating according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set to obtain the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery;
Comparing the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery:
if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, no action is performed;
If the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, acquiring flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant; the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant corresponds to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant in the time dimension;
carrying out feature extraction on flue gas data information of a coal-fired power plant by utilizing a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model to obtain a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set;
inputting the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set into a pre-constructed flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model to generate an optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter under the current condition;
And controlling and adjusting the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters.
2. The method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the flue gas waste heat recovery real-time efficiency is:
Wherein eta t represents the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery, n is the number of heat exchange units, Q i represents the effective heat transferred from flue gas to a working medium by the ith heat exchange unit, Q in represents the heat when flue gas enters a flue gas waste heat recovery system of a coal-fired power plant, and Q out represents the heat when flue gas is discharged out of the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant.
3. The method for flue gas waste heat recovery control of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 2, wherein the flue gas waste heat recovery feature set comprises flue gas flow rate fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical composition, flue gas volumetric flow rate, and water vapor partial pressure in flue gas.
4. A method of controlling flue gas waste heat recovery in a coal fired power plant as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method of controlling the flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises flue gas flow rate control, flue gas flow channel pressure control, heat exchanger temperature control, flue gas recirculation control and flue gas chemical composition control.
5. The method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery in a coal-fired power plant according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the method for constructing the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model comprises the following steps:
the operation data of the flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant is collected, and cleaning, missing value filling, abnormal value detection and standardization processing are carried out on the operation data;
According to the flue gas waste heat recovery feature set, extracting features of operation data of a flue gas waste heat recovery system of the coal-fired power plant, and taking the extracted flue gas waste heat recovery features and the optimal control parameters corresponding to the extracted flue gas waste heat recovery features as training samples;
Constructing a flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model by using a deep learning framework, and training the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model by using a training sample;
and performing performance evaluation on the model by using the independent data set, and adjusting model parameters according to evaluation results.
6. The method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery in a coal-fired power plant according to claim 4, wherein the method for controlling chemical components of flue gas comprises the steps of:
dynamically adjusting the mixing proportion of the coal types according to the sulfur content in the flue gas;
controlling the proportion of primary air, secondary air and tertiary air and the air supply time point;
for a coal-fired power plant provided with a selective catalytic reduction system, dynamically adjusting the ammonia water injection amount according to the concentration of NO x;
And dynamically adjusting the addition rate of the desulfurizing agent and the pH value of the slurry according to the concentration of SO x in the flue gas.
7. The method for controlling flue gas waste heat recovery of a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters further comprise acquisition frequency of a flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant; and setting the acquisition frequency of the flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant according to the running state of the flue gas waste heat recovery system under the current condition.
8. A coal-fired power plant flue gas waste heat recovery control device, characterized in that the device comprises:
the flue heat distribution monitoring module is used for acquiring a flue heat distribution map of the coal-fired power plant in real time and sending the flue heat distribution map;
The temperature parameter extraction module is used for receiving the flue heat distribution diagram, automatically extracting temperature parameters of preset key points in the flue heat distribution diagram, forming a flue key point temperature characteristic set and sending the flue key point temperature characteristic set;
The real-time efficiency calculation module is used for receiving the flue key point temperature characteristic set, calculating the real-time efficiency of flue gas waste heat recovery according to the flue key point temperature characteristic set, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery;
The efficiency comparison and decision module is used for receiving the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery and comparing the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery with the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery; if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is not lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, the current system operation state is maintained; if the real-time efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery is lower than the rated efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery, generating a data acquisition signal and sending the data acquisition signal;
The flue gas data acquisition module is used for receiving the data acquisition signals, collecting flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant corresponding to the flue heat distribution diagram of the coal-fired power plant in the time dimension and sending the flue gas data information;
The feature extraction module is used for receiving the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant, carrying out feature extraction on the flue gas data information of the coal-fired power plant by utilizing a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery feature extraction model, obtaining a flue gas waste heat recovery feature set, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery feature set; the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set comprises flue gas flow velocity fluctuation rate, flue gas flow channel pressure, flue gas chemical components, flue gas volume flow and flue gas water vapor partial pressure;
The control parameter optimization module is used for receiving the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set, inputting the flue gas waste heat recovery characteristic set into a pre-stored flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter correction model, outputting the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter under the current condition, and sending the flue gas waste heat recovery control parameter;
the automatic control and adjustment module is used for receiving the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters and regulating and controlling the flue gas waste heat recovery system according to the optimal flue gas waste heat recovery control parameters.
9. A coal-fired power plant flue gas waste heat recovery control electronic device comprising a bus, a transceiver, a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the transceiver, the memory and the processor being connected by the bus, characterized in that the computer program when executed by the processor realizes the steps in the method according to any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-7.
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