CN117967224A - Drilling fluid separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling fluid separation device, which comprises a separation cylinder, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the separation cylinder are respectively rotatably assembled in an upper fluid passing seat and a lower fluid passing seat; the separating cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are distributed inwards and outwards along the radial direction, and a separating channel for separating high-density drilling fluid downwards is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder; the inner barrel comprises a central pipe extending up and down, and a liquid outlet barrel connected to the upper end of the central pipe, a central hole is arranged in the central pipe, a radial through hole for the entry of low-density drilling fluid, which is communicated with the separation channel and the central hole, is arranged on the central pipe, an upper liquid outlet channel, which is correspondingly communicated with the upper liquid outlet of the upper liquid through seat, is arranged on the liquid outlet barrel, and is communicated with the separation channel through the central hole and the radial through hole of the central pipe. Compared with the prior art, the vertical liquid-liquid centrifugal separation technology can better remove harmful solid phases in drilling fluid, is beneficial to improving the performance of the drilling fluid and reducing the maintenance cost of the drilling fluid.

Description

Drilling fluid separation device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling fluid treatment, in particular to a drilling fluid separation device.

Background

The drilling fluid is a working fluid which is recycled in the drilling working process, the drilling fluid separation equipment is an indispensable component part in a drilling working system, the drilling fluid separation equipment generally comprises a circulating tank, a vibrating screen, a sand remover, a centrifugal machine and other equipment, the equipment is used for cooperatively working to remove rock debris generated in the drilling process and maintain the performance of the drilling fluid, and the solid control equipment (in the drilling process, certain particle impurities such as rock debris exist in the drilling fluid and are dispersed in the drilling fluid, if the particle impurities are not separated out, normal exploitation of a hydrocarbon layer can be influenced after circulation, the solid control is to control the content of the particle impurities), and the vibrating screen is used as primary solid control equipment to mainly remove solid phases of large particles; in other solid control equipment behind the vibrating screen, sand removers, mud removers, integrated machines (sand removal, mud removal), mud cleaners and the like are mainly used for removing solid phases of medium and fine particles; centrifuges are mainly used to remove heavier particles from liquids. The solid control device can be seen in a 'high-efficiency treatment device for recycling drilling fluid' disclosed in China patent document with an authority bulletin number of CN216855953U, and comprises a separating cylinder and a driving device for driving the separating cylinder to rotate.

In practical drilling, in order to balance formation pressure in certain specific working situations, a high drilling fluid density is required, and when the centrifugal machine is used for removing rock debris in the fluid, the heavy material is removed first, so that the centrifugal machine is limited in use in certain working situations. The sand remover, the mud remover and the integrated machine are all used for separating solid phases in liquid by utilizing the principle of cyclone separation, but heavy materials are removed from the drilling fluid, so that the solid-liquid separation requirement of the complete high-density drilling fluid cannot be met. In summary, the solid control device in the prior art cannot well solve the problem of retaining the high-density weighting material in the drilling fluid while removing the fine-grained cuttings.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drilling fluid separation device which is used for solving the technical problem that the prior art cannot remove rock fragments of fine particles and simultaneously keep a high-density weighting material in drilling fluid.

The invention relates to a drilling fluid separation device, which comprises a frame, a separation barrel rotationally assembled on the frame, a driving device, an upper fluid passing seat and a lower fluid passing seat, wherein the separation barrel is provided with a central axis extending up and down; the upper liquid through seat is provided with a liquid inlet for inputting drilling liquid and an upper liquid outlet for outputting low-density drilling liquid, and the lower liquid through seat is provided with a lower liquid outlet for discharging high-density drilling liquid; the separating cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are distributed inwards and outwards along the radial direction, a separating channel for separating high-density drilling fluid downwards is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a fluid inlet channel which is correspondingly communicated with a fluid inlet of the upper fluid through seat is arranged at the upper end part of the outer cylinder, a lower fluid outlet channel which is correspondingly communicated with a lower fluid outlet of the lower fluid through seat is arranged at the lower end part of the outer cylinder, and the upper end and the lower end of the separating channel are respectively communicated with the fluid inlet channel and the lower fluid outlet channel; the inner barrel comprises a central pipe extending up and down, and a liquid outlet barrel connected to the upper end of the central pipe, a central hole is arranged in the central pipe, a radial through hole for the entry of low-density drilling fluid, which is communicated with the separation channel and the central hole, is arranged on the central pipe, an upper liquid outlet channel, which is correspondingly communicated with the upper liquid outlet of the upper liquid through seat, is arranged on the liquid outlet barrel, and is communicated with the separation channel through the central hole and the radial through hole of the central pipe.

According to the drilling fluid separation device provided by the invention, the separation barrel rotates to drive the drilling fluid in the separation barrel to rotate when working, in the separation channel between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, the drilling fluid forms fluid flow rotating along with the central tube, under the action of the fluid flow, materials with higher density in the fluid move outwards under the action of centrifugal force, under the action of the input pressure of the drilling fluid, materials with low density move inwards of the central tube, under the combined action of the two movements, stable laminar flow flowing downwards is formed at the lower part of the inner barrel, and the low-density drilling fluid and rock debris flow outwards through the central tube of the inner barrel under the action of the fluid pressure. Compared with the prior art, the vertical liquid-liquid centrifugal separation technology can better remove harmful solid phases in the drilling fluid, avoids removing weighting materials in solid-liquid separation, and is beneficial to improving the performance of the drilling fluid and reducing the maintenance cost of the drilling fluid.

Further, the inner cylinder comprises a choke body, the choke body is connected to the lower end of the central tube, the shape of the choke body is a conical body which is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the choke body is used for reducing the radial size of the separation channel from top to bottom and enabling the separation channel to be far away from the central tube. The flow blocking body is used for slowing down the downward flow rate of the drilling fluid, and under the action of the flow blocking body, the separation channel below the central tube is radially closer to the high-density drilling fluid which is outwards moved under the action of centrifugal force and is far away from the low-density drilling fluid, so that the downward flow of the low-density drilling fluid is reduced, and the low-density drilling fluid can enter the central hole through the radial through hole.

Further, the flow blocking body is a cone.

Further, the flow blocking body is a hollow cone.

Further, the radial through holes are distributed around the central axis and are distributed in an up-down layered mode.

Further, the periphery of the central tube is provided with the partition plates which are distributed along the circumference and extend vertically, the partition plates are connected with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the partition plates are used for guiding drilling fluid from inside to outside along the radial direction.

Further, the driving device comprises a motor, and an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the outer cylinder through a transmission mechanism.

Further, the transmission mechanism is a belt transmission mechanism, and a belt pulley is fixed at the upper end part of the outer cylinder.

Further, a conical section which is gradually reduced from top to bottom and used for slowing down the downward flow rate of the drilling fluid is arranged in the lower liquid outlet channel.

Further, the lower end part of the outer cylinder is provided with a lower rotary cylinder, the outer diameter of the lower rotary cylinder is reduced in a step shape from top to bottom, and the conical section is positioned in the lower rotary cylinder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a drilling fluid separation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the separator cartridge assembly of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. an inner cylinder; 2. an outer cylinder; 3. a lower drum; 4. thrust cylindrical roller bearings; 5. a lower dustproof sealing ring; 6. a main support; 7. cylindrical roller bearings; 8. a lower gland; 9. a sealing sleeve 10 and a tapered roller bearing; 11. an upper sleeve; 12. a belt pulley; 13. an upper bearing box; 14. an upper dustproof sealing ring; 15. a liquid passing seat is arranged; 16. an upper liquid outlet; 17. a gland is arranged; 18. a thrust ball bearing; 22. an upper bearing oil seal seat; 23. an O-ring; 25. a liquid passing seat is arranged downwards; 31. a separation barrel assembly; 32. a driving device; 33. a belt drive mechanism; 34. a frame; 35. and a blocking body.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.

1-3, The drilling fluid separation device of the invention comprises a frame 34, a driving device 32 and a separation barrel assembly 31, wherein the separation barrel assembly 31 is arranged on the frame 34, the driving device 32 is used for providing power for the separation barrel assembly 31, the driving device 32 comprises a motor, the motor is a variable frequency motor, the motor is controlled by a motor controller, the motor is in transmission connection with the separation barrel in the separation barrel assembly 31 through a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism in the embodiment is a belt transmission mechanism 33, and the motor drives the separation barrel to rotate through the belt transmission mechanism 33, so that the drilling fluid generates centrifugal force and is separated by the centrifugal force.

As shown in fig. 3, the separating tube assembly 31 includes an upper liquid passing seat 15, an upper supporting component, a separating tube, a lower supporting component, and a lower liquid passing seat 25, which are vertically distributed, the separating tube has a central axis extending vertically, the separating tube has an axial direction extending along the central axis, and a radial direction perpendicular to the central axis, the separating tube is rotatably assembled on the frame 34 through the upper supporting component and the lower supporting component, the upper liquid passing seat 15 and the lower liquid passing seat 25 are fixed on the frame 34, and the upper end and the lower end of the separating tube are rotatably assembled in the upper liquid passing seat 15 and the lower liquid passing seat 25, respectively.

The upper support assembly includes an upper bearing comprising tapered roller bearings, thrust ball bearings 18, and further includes features for achieving upper bearing mounting and lubrication and sealing: an upper bearing box 13, an upper dustproof sealing ring 14, an upper bearing oil seal seat 22, an O-shaped ring 23, an upper gland 17 and an upper shaft sleeve 11.

The lower support assembly comprises a lower bearing, wherein the lower bearing comprises a thrust cylindrical roller bearing 4 and a cylindrical roller bearing 7, and the lower support assembly further comprises parts for realizing lower bearing installation, lubrication and sealing: the device comprises a main support 6, a lower gland 8, a lower dustproof sealing ring 5 and a sealing sleeve.

The upper liquid passing seat 15 is provided with a liquid inlet and an upper liquid outlet 16, the liquid inlet is an inlet of drilling fluid, and the upper liquid outlet 16 is an outlet of low-density drilling fluid. The upper liquid passing seat 15 is mainly used for conveying drilling liquid into the separating cylinder and guiding low-density drilling liquid out of the separating cylinder. The lower liquid passing seat 25 is provided with a lower liquid outlet for discharging high-density drilling liquid.

The separating tube comprises an inner tube 1 and an outer tube 2 which are distributed radially inwards and outwards, the outer tube 2 is fixedly connected with the inner tube 1 through bolts, the separating tube is used as a channel for drilling fluid to enter and a main body for separating the drilling fluid, a downward separating channel is formed between the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 and is used for separating high-density drilling fluid downwards, the upper end part of the outer tube 2 enters the upper liquid through seat 15 and is provided with a liquid inlet channel corresponding to a liquid inlet of the upper liquid through seat 15, and the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the separating channel. The upper end of the outer cylinder 2 is also fixed with a belt pulley 12.

The lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a lower liquid outlet channel corresponding to the lower liquid outlet of the lower liquid through seat 25, the upper end of the lower liquid outlet channel is communicated with the separation channel, and the lower end of the lower liquid outlet channel enters the lower liquid through seat 25 along with the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 to be communicated with the lower liquid outlet. The lower liquid outlet channel is internally provided with a conical section which is gradually reduced from top to bottom and is used for slowing down the downward flow rate of drilling fluid and reducing the downward flow of low-density drilling fluid, the lower end part of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with a lower rotary cylinder 3, and the outer diameter of the lower rotary cylinder 3 is reduced in a step shape from top to bottom so as to be beneficial to being matched with a lower bearing and be convenient for entering a lower liquid through seat 25.

The inner barrel 1 is used for discharging light drilling fluid, the inner barrel 1 comprises a central pipe which extends up and down, and a liquid outlet barrel which is connected to the upper end of the central pipe, a central hole is arranged in the central pipe, radial through holes which are communicated with a separation channel and the central hole are formed in the central pipe, the radial through holes are distributed around the central axis and are distributed in an upper-lower layered mode, a vertically extending partition plate which is distributed along the circumference is arranged on the periphery of the central pipe, the partition plate is connected with the inner barrel 1 and the outer barrel 2, and the partition plate is used for guiding the drilling fluid from inside to outside in the radial direction. The liquid outlet cylinder is provided with an upper liquid outlet channel corresponding to the upper liquid outlet 16 of the upper liquid through seat 15, the upper liquid outlet channel is communicated with the separation channel through a central hole and a radial through hole of the central pipe, and the upper liquid outlet channel is used for the low-density drilling fluid to pass through.

The inner barrel 1 further comprises a choke body 35, the choke body 35 is connected to the lower end of the central tube, the shape of the choke body 35 is a conical body which is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, in particular a hollow conical body, the choke body 35 is used for reducing the radial size of the separation channel from top to bottom and enabling the separation channel to be far away from the central tube so as to slow down the downward flow rate of drilling fluid, and the separation channel below the central tube is radially enabled to be close to high-density drilling fluid which is outwards moved under the action of centrifugal force and far away from low-density drilling fluid, so that the downward flow of the low-density drilling fluid is reduced, and the low-density drilling fluid can enter the central hole through the radial through hole. The choke body 35 is positioned above the conical section in the lower liquid outlet channel of the outer barrel 2, and the choke body 35 and the conical section realize up-and-down two-stage deceleration on the downward flow path of the drilling fluid.

In operation of the above embodiment of the present invention, the driving device 32 drives the separating tube to rotate around the central axis, the drilling fluid enters the separating channel through the fluid inlet of the upper fluid passing seat 15 and the fluid inlet of the outer tube 2 under the action of the fluid pump, the drilling fluid flows radially outwards and away from the central tube under the action of centrifugal force in the downward flowing process of the separating tube, the light low-density drilling fluid gathers around the central tube, the high-density drilling fluid at the periphery of the separating channel flows out from the lower fluid outlet of the lower fluid passing seat 25 through the lower fluid outlet channel under the action of the above-mentioned choke 35, and the light low-density drilling fluid carries cuttings into the central tube through the radial through hole under the action of the delivery pressure and then flows out from the upper fluid outlet 16 of the upper fluid passing seat 15 through the central hole and the upper fluid outlet channel.

In the above embodiments of the present invention, the transmission mechanism is a belt transmission mechanism, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the transmission mechanism may be a chain transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism.

Claims (10)

1. The drilling fluid separation device comprises a frame (34), a separation barrel rotationally assembled on the frame (34), and a driving device (32), wherein the separation barrel is provided with a central axis extending up and down, and the driving device (32) is used for driving the separation barrel to rotate around the central axis, and is characterized by further comprising an upper fluid passing seat (15) and a lower fluid passing seat (25) which are fixed on the frame (34), wherein the upper end and the lower end of the separation barrel are rotationally assembled in the upper fluid passing seat (15) and the lower fluid passing seat (25) respectively; the upper liquid passing seat (15) is provided with a liquid inlet for inputting drilling liquid and an upper liquid outlet (16) for outputting low-density drilling liquid, and the lower liquid passing seat (25) is provided with a lower liquid outlet for discharging high-density drilling liquid; the separating cylinder comprises an inner cylinder (1) and an outer cylinder (2) which are distributed radially inwards and outwards, a separating channel for separating high-density drilling fluid downwards is formed between the inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2), a liquid inlet channel which is correspondingly communicated with a liquid inlet of an upper liquid through seat (15) is arranged at the upper end part of the outer cylinder (2), a lower liquid outlet channel which is correspondingly communicated with a lower liquid outlet of a lower liquid through seat (25) is arranged at the lower end part of the outer cylinder (2), and the upper end and the lower end of the separating channel are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet channel and the lower liquid outlet channel; the inner barrel (1) comprises a central pipe extending up and down, and a liquid outlet barrel connected to the upper end of the central pipe, wherein a central hole is arranged in the central pipe, a radial through hole for entering low-density drilling fluid, which is communicated with the separation channel and the central hole, is arranged on the central pipe, an upper liquid outlet channel, which is correspondingly communicated with an upper liquid outlet (16) of the upper liquid through seat (15), is arranged on the liquid outlet barrel, and is communicated with the separation channel through the central hole and the radial through hole of the central pipe.

2. Drilling fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner barrel (1) comprises a choke body (35), the choke body (35) is connected to the lower end of the central tube, the choke body (35) is in the shape of a conical body which gradually expands from top to bottom, and the choke body (35) is used for reducing the radial dimension of the separation channel from top to bottom and keeping the separation channel away from the central tube.

3. Drilling fluid separation device according to claim 2, wherein the flow blocking body (35) is a cone.

4. A drilling fluid separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that the flow-blocking body (35) is a hollow cone.

5. The drilling fluid separation device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of radial through holes are distributed around the central axis and are layered up and down.

6. Drilling fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that a circumferentially distributed and vertically extending partition plate is arranged on the outer circumference of the central tube, which partition plate connects the inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2), which partition plate serves for guiding the drilling fluid radially from inside to outside.

7. Drilling fluid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means (32) comprise an electric motor, the output shaft of which is in driving connection with the outer barrel (2) via a transmission.

8. Drilling fluid separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that the transmission is a belt transmission (33), and that the upper end of the outer barrel (2) is fixed with a pulley (12).

9. The drilling fluid separation device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the lower outlet channel is provided with a tapered section which tapers from top to bottom for slowing down the downward flow rate of the drilling fluid.

10. Drilling fluid separation device according to claim 9, characterized in that the lower end of the outer barrel (2) is provided with a lower barrel (3), the outer diameter of the lower barrel (3) decreases stepwise from top to bottom, and the conical section is in the lower barrel (3).