CN117961639A - External spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head - Google Patents
External spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head Download PDFInfo
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- CN117961639A CN117961639A CN202311446763.4A CN202311446763A CN117961639A CN 117961639 A CN117961639 A CN 117961639A CN 202311446763 A CN202311446763 A CN 202311446763A CN 117961639 A CN117961639 A CN 117961639A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of loose clamp cutter detection of numerical control machine tools, and discloses an external spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for a rotary milling head of a machine tool. The detection mechanism comprises: a machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism and cutter loosening and clamping signal detection mechanism; the machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism comprises a cutter loosening oil cylinder, a cutter clamping action expanding mechanism and a cutter loosening action expanding mechanism; the cutter loosening oil cylinder is arranged outside the milling head spindle box; the cutter clamping action expansion mechanism is arranged in the cutter loosening oil cylinder, the cutter loosening action expansion mechanism is arranged in the cutter loosening oil cylinder, and the cutter loosening signal detection mechanism is arranged on the cutter head fixing seat or the cutter head revolving body; the cutter loosening and clamping signal detection mechanism is used for detecting action signals executed by the cutter loosening mechanism and the cutter clamping mechanism respectively; the lower part of the milling head fixing seat is connected with a milling head revolving body; the milling head main shaft box is vertically connected or obliquely connected with the milling head revolving body. The invention reduces the maintenance difficulty and has higher use cost, and simultaneously improves the working efficiency of the rotary milling head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of detection of loose clamping cutters of a main shaft of a numerical control machine tool, and particularly relates to an external main shaft loose clamping cutter detection mechanism and method for a rotary milling head of the machine tool.
Background
In the prior art, a cutter loosening mechanism of a main shaft of a rotary milling head is not provided with a cutter loosening and clamping detection mechanism, a numerical control system cannot sense the cutter grabbing state of the main shaft, and the conditions of cutter loosening or cutter damage during initial machining and the like caused by the conditions of unstable cutter clamping, out-of-place cutter clamping and the like occur during cutter changing. The main shaft cutter loosening mechanism of the rotary milling head is provided with an integrated detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is arranged on the main shaft cutter loosening mechanism and rotates along with the milling head, and a cutter loosening detection switch circuit rotates along with the milling head, so that the structure has the defects that: because the circuit rotates in the rotator, the rotating shaft cannot rotate continuously by 360 degrees, and most of the rotating shafts are limited to be within the range of +/-180 degrees or 0-360 degrees. The working efficiency of the milling head is greatly reduced. The pipeline is worn or broken due to the fact that the pipeline is pulled, wound and the like in the rotating process, and maintenance difficulty and cost are high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the invention provide an external spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for a machine tool rotary milling head.
The technical scheme is as follows: an external main shaft loose clamping cutter detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head, the external main shaft loose clamping cutter detection mechanism for the machine tool rotary milling head comprises: and the machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism and cutter loosening and clamping signal detection mechanism.
The machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism comprises a cutter loosening oil cylinder, a cutter clamping action expanding mechanism and a cutter loosening action expanding mechanism;
The cutter loosening oil cylinder is arranged outside the milling head spindle box and is used for executing cutter loosening action;
The clamping knife action expansion mechanism is arranged in the cutter loosening oil cylinder and is used for executing detection expansion of the clamping knife action;
the cutter loosening action expanding mechanism is arranged in the cutter loosening oil cylinder and is used for executing detection expansion of cutter loosening action;
The loose clamp cutter signal detection mechanism is arranged on the milling head fixing seat or the milling head revolving body and is used for respectively detecting action signals of linkage of the clamp cutter action expansion mechanism and the loose cutter action expansion mechanism, which are generated by the movement of the loose cutter oil cylinder;
the lower part of the milling head fixing seat is connected with a milling head revolving body;
And the milling head spindle box is vertically connected or obliquely connected with the milling head revolving body.
Further, the cutter loosening mechanism comprises a cutter loosening piston and a cylinder body sleeve;
the cylinder body is fixed at one end of the milling head spindle box, and the cutter loosening piston is positioned in the cylinder body to axially move.
Further, the clamping knife action expanding mechanism comprises: a clamping knife ejector rod, a clamping knife positioning sleeve and a clamping knife firing pin;
the clamping knife ejector rod is positioned at one side of the knife loosening piston, and the knife clamping striker is arranged in the knife clamping positioning sleeve and is in sliding contact with the clamping knife ejector rod.
Further, the loose knife action expanding mechanism comprises a loose knife ejector rod, a loose knife firing pin and a loose knife positioning sleeve;
the loose knife ejector rod is positioned at one side of the loose knife piston, and the loose knife firing pin is arranged in the loose knife positioning sleeve and is in sliding contact with the loose knife ejector rod.
Further, the loose clamp knife signal detection mechanism comprises: the device comprises a detection mechanism mounting seat, a knife clamping signal adjusting rod, a knife clamping signal detection switch, a knife clamping signal detection ring, a knife clamping signal detection positioning sleeve, a knife loosening signal adjusting rod, a knife loosening signal detection switch, a knife loosening signal detection ring and a knife loosening signal detection positioning sleeve.
The knife clamping signal adjusting rod, the knife clamping signal detecting switch, the knife clamping signal detecting ring, the knife clamping signal detecting and positioning sleeve, the knife loosening signal adjusting rod, the knife loosening signal detecting switch, the knife loosening signal detecting ring and the knife loosening signal detecting and positioning sleeve are all arranged in the detection mechanism mounting seat;
the clamping knife signal adjusting rod is in sliding contact with the clamping knife firing pin, and the clamping knife signal detecting switch is used for collecting a moving signal of the clamping knife signal adjusting rod; the clamping knife signal detection ring is in hard contact with the tail part of the clamping knife signal detection switch, and detects the separation and contact signals of the clamping knife signal detection switch; the clamping knife signal detection positioning sleeve is sleeved outside the clamping knife signal adjusting rod;
the loose knife signal adjusting rod is in sliding contact with the loose knife firing pin; the loose knife signal detection switch is used for collecting a moving signal of the loose knife signal adjusting rod; the loose knife signal detection ring is in hard contact with the tail part of the loose knife signal detection switch and is used for detecting the separation and contact signals of the loose knife signal detection switch; the loose knife signal detection positioning sleeve is sleeved outside the loose knife signal adjusting rod.
The invention further provides a method for detecting the loose clamp cutter of the external spindle for the rotary milling head of the machine tool, which comprises the following steps:
S1, when a machine tool spindle needs to be changed, a milling head drives a milling head spindle box, a milling head rotating body and a cutter loosening mechanism to rotate to a designated cutter changing position by a servo motor for milling head rotation under the instruction of a numerical control system at the position in an actual working state, namely, the milling head is fixed below a detection mechanism on a milling head fixing seat;
S2, the cutter loosening piston presses down a cutter clamping mechanism of the main shaft, and the cutter clamping ejector rod pushes the cutter clamping firing pin to be contacted with the signal adjusting rod through the conical surface of the cutter loosening piston to drive a cutter clamping signal detecting ring on the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod to move;
s3, continuously pressing down the spindle knife clamping mechanism by the knife loosening piston, enabling the conical surface of the knife loosening ejector rod to contact with the knife loosening firing pin to enable the knife loosening firing pin to axially move, enabling the knife loosening firing pin to impact the knife loosening signal adjusting rod, enabling the knife loosening signal adjusting rod to drive the knife loosening signal detecting ring to move, enabling the knife loosening signal detecting ring to be close to the knife loosening signal detecting switch, and enabling the knife loosening signal detecting switch to generate signals;
S4, replacing a tool by a machine tool spindle;
S5, returning the loose knife piston, returning the loose knife ejector rod along with the return stroke of the piston, and reversely moving the loose knife signal adjusting rod and the loose knife firing pin under the action of spring force, wherein the loose knife signal adjusting rod drives the loose knife signal detection ring to move;
S6, the cutter loosening piston and the cutter loosening piston continue to return, at the moment, the conical surface of the cutter clamping ejector rod moves upwards, the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod and the cutter clamping firing pin return under the action of spring force, the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod is separated from the cutter clamping firing pin, and the cutter clamping signal detecting ring on the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod follows the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod to return.
In step S1, the servo motor drives the milling head rotating body and the cutter loosening mechanism to rotate to a designated cutter changing position, namely, the cutter loosening firing pin and the cutter clamping firing pin of the cutter loosening mechanism are fixed below the detection mechanism on the milling head fixing seat, and the positions of the cutter loosening firing pin and the cutter clamping firing pin of the cutter loosening mechanism correspond to the positions of the cutter loosening signal detection mechanism.
In step S2, when the clamping knife signal detection ring on the clamping knife signal adjustment rod is driven to move, the position offset distance between the clamping knife signal detection ring and the clamping knife signal detection switch is increased, and the clamping knife signal detection ring is disconnected from the clamping knife signal detection switch, so that the signal of the clamping knife signal detection switch is lost.
In step S3, after the loose blade signal detection switch generates a signal, the numerical control system confirms that the loose blade is in place through the signal generated by the loose blade signal detection switch.
In step S5, during the reverse movement of the loose blade signal adjusting lever and the loose blade striker under the action of the spring force, the loose blade signal adjusting lever drives the loose blade signal detecting ring to move, the position offset distance between the loose blade signal detecting ring and the loose blade signal detecting switch is increased, the loose blade signal detecting ring is disconnected from the loose blade signal detecting switch, and at this time, the loose blade signal detecting switch signal is disconnected.
In step S6, after the clamp knife signal detection ring on the clamp knife signal adjustment rod follows the return stroke of the clamp knife signal adjustment rod, the position offset distance generated by the clamp knife signal detection ring and the clamp knife signal detection switch is reduced, and the clamp knife signal detection ring approaches the clamp knife signal detection switch to generate a signal at the moment; the numerical control system confirms that the clamping knife action is finished through a clamping knife detection switch signal.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the scheme, the loose clamp cutter signal detection mechanism and the main shaft loose cutter mechanism are designed separately, the loose cutter mechanism is arranged on a milling head main shaft box, the loose clamp cutter signal detection mechanism is fixed on a fixed seat of a first-stage rotation mechanism or a fixed seat of a last-stage rotation mechanism, and the body system senses the actual loose clamp cutter state of the main shaft through the clamp cutter detection mechanism and the loose cutter detection mechanism. When the milling head rotates, the loose cutter clamping signal detection mechanism is separated from the loose cutter mechanism of the milling head main shaft box, the milling head main shaft box rotates to a fixed cutter changing angle position when the machine tool automatically changes cutters, and the loose cutter firing pin and the clamping firing pin of the loose cutter mechanism correspond to the positions of the loose cutter clamping signal detection mechanism, so that the main shaft cutters are replaced. The front part of the loose clamp knife detection switch is provided with the elastic ejector rod to drive the detection ring to move, so that the phenomena of false signal and detection of quick closing damage caused by cutting cooling liquid and scrap iron due to the fact that the loose clamp knife detection switch is exposed in the cutting process are effectively avoided. The detection mechanism is fast closed and does not rotate along with the slewing mechanism, so that the problems that the main shaft knife clamping mechanism does not have a knife loosening detection function, the system cannot sense the state of the main shaft knife clamping, the knife clamping is not firm, the knife clamping is not in place and the like during knife changing, and the knife is damaged during initial machining and the like can be effectively overcome. And current main shaft pine sword mechanism integral type detecting switch follows the cutter head and rotates, and pine clamp sword detecting switch circuit follows the cutter head and rotates, and the rotation axis can't rotate in succession because of the circuit is rotatory in the gyration body and the pipe line produces circumstances such as drag and twine in rotatory in-process and cause circuit wearing and tearing or tear, has reduced the maintenance degree of difficulty and use cost higher, has improved the work efficiency of gyration cutter head simultaneously.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;
fig. 1 is a diagram of an external spindle loose-clamping cutter detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head in a single-spindle rotary milling head mode provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of an external spindle loose-clamping tool detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head in a multi-spindle rotary milling head mode provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loose blade motion expanding mechanism and a loose blade signal detecting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a knife clamping action expanding mechanism and a knife loosening signal detecting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an external spindle loose clamp cutter for a machine tool rotary milling head in a single-spindle rotary milling head mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a state diagram of the unclamping motion expanding mechanism and the unclamping signal detecting mechanism in a spindle clamping state according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a state diagram of the cutter loosening action expanding mechanism and the cutter loosening and clamping signal detecting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention in a cutter loosening state of a main shaft;
fig. 8 is a state diagram of the clamping knife action expanding mechanism and the loose clamping knife signal detecting mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention in a main shaft clamping knife state;
Fig. 9 is a state diagram of the clamping knife action expanding mechanism and the unclamping knife signal detecting mechanism in a main shaft unclamping state provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a layout of a unclamping and clamping knife action extension mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention within the unclamping mechanism;
In the figure: 1. a cutter loosening oil cylinder; 101. a cutter loosening piston; 102. a cylinder;
2. Milling head spindle box;
3. A cutter loosening and clamping signal detection mechanism; 301. a detection mechanism mounting seat; 302. a knife clamping signal adjusting rod; 303. a knife clamping signal detection switch; 304. a knife clamping signal detection ring; 305. clamping knife signal detection positioning sleeve; 306. a cutter loosening signal adjusting rod; 307. a cutter loosening signal detection switch; 308. a cutter loosening signal detection ring; 309. detecting and positioning the sleeve by a cutter loosening signal;
4. A milling head fixing seat;
5. Milling head revolving body;
6. A knife clamping action expanding mechanism; 601. a knife clamping ejector rod; 602. clamping knife positioning sleeve; 603. a knife clamping firing pin;
7. a cutter loosening action expanding mechanism; 701. loosening the knife ejector rod; 702. a loose knife positioning sleeve; 703. a knife loosening firing pin;
8. A spindle knife clamping mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Embodiment 1 as shown in fig. 1-2, the external spindle loose-clamping cutter detection mechanism for a machine tool rotary milling head provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism and cutter loosening and clamping signal detection mechanism are composed of two parts;
The machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism comprises a cutter loosening oil cylinder 1, a cutter clamping action expanding mechanism 6 and a cutter loosening action expanding mechanism 7;
The knife clamping action expanding mechanism 6 is arranged on one side of the knife loosening cylinder 1 and is used for executing linkage feedback of knife clamping actions;
the cutter loosening action expansion mechanism 7 is arranged on one side of the cutter loosening oil cylinder 1; linkage feedback for performing a knife loosening action;
the loose clamp cutter signal detection mechanism 3 is arranged on the milling head fixing seat 4 or the revolving body 5.
The loose knife clamping signal detection mechanism 3 is used for detecting action signals executed by the loose knife mechanism 1 and the knife clamping mechanism 6 respectively.
The lower part of the milling head fixing seat 4 is connected with a milling head revolving body 5 or a milling head spindle box 2;
the milling head main shaft box 2 is directly connected with the milling head fixing seat 4, so that an external main shaft loose cutter detection mechanism for the machine tool rotary milling head in a single-shaft rotary milling head mode shown in figure 1 is formed;
The milling head spindle box 2 is connected with the milling head revolving body 5 and the milling head revolving body 5 is connected with the milling head fixing seat 4, so that an external spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism for the machine tool revolving milling head in a multi-spindle revolving milling head mode shown in figure 2 is formed;
The corresponding installation position is positioned at the angle position of the tool change of the main shaft of the machine tool.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the cutter loosening cylinder 1 comprises a cutter loosening piston 101 and a cylinder body 102;
the cylinder body 102 is fixed at one end of the milling head spindle box 2, and the cutter loosening piston 101 is positioned in the cylinder body 102.
The clamping-knife operation expanding mechanism 6 includes: a clamping knife ejector rod 601, a clamping knife positioning rod 602 and a clamping knife firing pin 603.
The clamping knife ejector rod 601 is fixed on one side of the cutter loosening piston 101, and the clamping knife firing pin 603 is arranged inside the clamping knife positioning sleeve 602 and is in sliding contact with the clamping knife ejector rod 601; the main shaft knife clamping mechanism 604 is positioned at the lower part of the knife loosening piston 101;
the loosening-blade-action expanding mechanism 7 includes: a loose knife ejector rod 701, a loose knife positioning sleeve 702 and a loose knife firing pin 703.
The loose knife ejector rod 701 is fixed on one side of the loose knife piston 101, and the loose knife striker 703 is arranged inside the loose knife positioning sleeve 702 and is in sliding contact with the loose knife ejector rod 701;
The loose clamp knife signal detection mechanism 3 includes: the knife clamping device comprises a detection mechanism mounting seat 301, a knife clamping signal adjusting rod 302, a knife clamping signal detecting switch 303, a knife clamping signal detecting ring 304, a knife clamping signal detecting positioning sleeve 305, a knife loosening signal adjusting rod 306, a knife loosening signal detecting switch 307, a knife loosening signal detecting ring 308 and a knife loosening signal detecting positioning sleeve 309.
The knife clamping signal adjusting rod 302, the knife clamping signal detecting switch 303, the knife clamping signal detecting ring 304, the knife clamping signal detecting and positioning sleeve 305, the knife loosening signal adjusting rod 306, the knife loosening signal detecting switch 307, the knife loosening signal detecting ring 308 and the knife loosening signal detecting and positioning sleeve 309 are all arranged in the detecting mechanism mounting seat 301;
The clamping knife signal adjusting rod 302 is in hard contact with the clamping knife firing pin 603, and the clamping knife signal detecting switch 303 is used for collecting a moving signal of the clamping knife signal adjusting rod 302; the clamp knife signal detection ring 304 is in hard contact with the tail of the clamp knife signal detection switch 303, and detects the separation and contact signals of the clamp knife signal detection switch 303; the clamping knife signal detection positioning sleeve 305 is sleeved outside the clamping knife signal adjusting rod 302;
The loose blade signal adjusting rod 306 is in hard contact with the loose blade striker 104; the loose knife signal detection switch 307 is used for collecting a movement signal of the loose knife signal adjusting rod 306; the loose knife signal detection ring 308 is in hard contact with the tail of the loose knife signal detection switch 307 and is used for detecting the separation and contact signals of the loose knife signal detection switch 307; the loose blade signal detection positioning sleeve 309 is sleeved outside the loose blade signal adjustment lever 306.
In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 5, the method for detecting the loose clamp cutter of the external spindle for the rotary milling head of the machine tool provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
S1, when a machine tool spindle needs to be changed, a milling head drives a milling head spindle box, a milling head rotating body and a milling head releasing mechanism to rotate to a designated tool changing position by a servo motor for milling head rotation under the instruction of a numerical control system from a position in an actual working state (relative angle deviation between a milling head releasing part and a cutter clamping part can be generated due to the working requirement of the milling head), namely, the cutter releasing firing pin and the cutter clamping firing pin of the cutter releasing mechanism correspond to the positions of a cutter releasing signal detection mechanism.
S2, the cutter loosening piston presses down the cutter clamping mechanism of the main shaft, the cutter clamping ejector rod pushes the cutter clamping firing pin to be contacted with the signal adjusting rod through the conical surface of the cutter loosening piston, the cutter clamping signal detecting ring on the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod is driven to move, the position offset distance between the cutter clamping signal detecting ring and the cutter clamping signal detecting switch is increased, and the cutter clamping signal detecting ring is separated from the cutter clamping signal detecting switch, so that the cutter clamping signal detecting switch signal is lost.
S3, continuously pressing down the spindle knife clamping mechanism by the loose knife piston, enabling the conical surface of the loose knife ejector rod to contact with the loose knife firing pin to enable the loose knife firing pin to axially move, enabling the loose knife firing pin to impact the loose knife signal adjusting rod, enabling the loose knife signal adjusting rod to drive the loose knife signal detection ring to move, enabling the loose knife signal detection ring to be close to the loose knife signal detection switch, enabling the loose knife signal detection switch to generate signals at the moment, and enabling the numerical control system to confirm that loose knives are in place through signals generated by the loose knife signal detection switch. As shown in fig. 6 to 7.
S4, a tool is replaced by the machine tool spindle.
S5, returning the loose knife piston, reversely returning the loose knife ejector rod along with the piston, reversely moving the loose knife signal adjusting rod and the loose knife firing pin under the action of spring force, driving the loose knife signal detecting ring to move, and increasing the position offset distance between the loose knife signal detecting ring and the loose knife signal detecting switch, wherein the loose knife signal detecting ring is disconnected from the loose knife signal detecting switch, and at the moment, the loose knife signal detecting switch signal is disconnected.
S6, the cutter loosening piston and the cutter loosening piston continue to return, at the moment, the conical surface of the cutter clamping ejector rod moves upwards, the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod and the cutter clamping firing pin return under the action of spring force, the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod is separated from the cutter clamping firing pin, the cutter clamping signal detecting ring on the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod follows the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod to return, the position offset distance between the cutter clamping signal detecting ring and the cutter clamping signal detecting switch is reduced, and the cutter clamping signal detecting ring is close to the cutter clamping signal detecting switch to generate signals. The numerical control system confirms that the clamping knife action is completed through a clamping knife detection switch signal, as shown in fig. 8 to 10.
According to the embodiment, the rotary milling head is a machine tool main milling head or an additional milling head which can enable a main shaft to rotate at multiple processing angles and is provided with a one-stage or multi-stage rotary mechanism. The motion power source of the loose clamping knife mechanism is not limited to oil pressure, gas pressure and elastic force.
The invention provides a loose clamp cutter in-place signal detection method and a detection flow, wherein a loose clamp cutter mechanism of a rotary milling head and a signal detection mechanism of the loose clamp cutter are arranged in a separated mode, the loose clamp cutter signal detection mechanism is arranged on a fixed seat of a single-shaft and multi-shaft rotary mechanism, and the milling head can realize continuous angle rotation under the control of a numerical control system without being influenced by the winding of a detection signal line.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
The content of the information interaction and the execution process between the devices/units and the like is based on the same conception as the method embodiment of the present invention, and specific functions and technical effects brought by the content can be referred to in the method embodiment section, and will not be described herein.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention. For specific working processes of the units and modules in the system, reference may be made to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
While the invention has been described with respect to what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a lathe gyration cutter is with external main shaft pine clamp sword detection mechanism which characterized in that includes: a machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism and cutter loosening and clamping signal detection mechanism;
The machine tool spindle cutter loosening mechanism comprises a cutter loosening oil cylinder (1), a cutter clamping action expanding mechanism (6) and a cutter loosening action expanding mechanism (7);
the cutter loosening oil cylinder (1) is arranged outside the milling head spindle box (2); for performing a knife loosening action;
The knife clamping action expanding mechanism (6) is arranged in the knife loosening oil cylinder (1) and is used for executing detection expansion of knife clamping action;
The cutter loosening action expanding mechanism (7) is arranged in the cutter loosening oil cylinder (1) and is used for executing detection expansion of cutter loosening action;
The loose clamp cutter signal detection mechanism (3) is arranged on the milling head fixing seat 4 or the milling head turning body 5; the loose knife clamping signal detection mechanism (3) is used for respectively detecting action signals of linkage of the knife clamping action expansion mechanism (6) and the knife loosening action expansion mechanism (7) generated by the movement of the knife loosening oil cylinder (1);
The lower part of the milling head fixing seat (4) is connected with a milling head revolving body (5);
the milling head spindle box (2) is vertically connected or obliquely connected with the milling head revolving body (5).
The milling head spindle knife clamping mechanism (8) is arranged in the spindle box (2).
2. The external spindle loose-clamping cutter detection mechanism for the machine tool rotary milling head according to claim 1, wherein the loose-clamping cutter oil cylinder (1) comprises a loose-clamping cutter piston (101) and a cylinder body (102);
the cylinder body (102) is fixed at one end of the milling head spindle box (2), and the cutter loosening piston (101) is positioned in the cylinder body (102).
3. The external spindle unclamping clamp cutter detection mechanism for a rotary milling head of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the clamp cutter action expanding mechanism (6) comprises: a clamping knife ejector rod (601), a clamping knife positioning sleeve (602) and a clamping knife firing pin (603);
the clamping knife ejector rod (601) is positioned on one side of the knife loosening piston (101), and the clamping knife firing pin (603) is arranged inside the clamping knife positioning sleeve (602) and is in sliding contact with the clamping knife ejector rod (601).
4. The external spindle loose-clamping cutter detection mechanism for the rotary milling head of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the loose-cutter action expansion mechanism (7) comprises a loose-cutter ejector rod (701), a loose-cutter firing pin (703) and a loose-cutter positioning sleeve (702);
The loose knife ejector rod (601) is positioned on one side of the loose knife piston (101), and the loose knife firing pin (703) is arranged inside the loose knife positioning sleeve (702) and is in sliding contact with the loose knife ejector rod (701).
5. The external spindle loose-clamping-tool detection mechanism for a rotary milling head of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the loose-clamping-tool signal detection mechanism (3) comprises: the device comprises a detection mechanism mounting seat (301), a clamping knife signal adjusting rod (302), a clamping knife signal detection switch (303), a clamping knife signal detection ring (304), a clamping knife signal detection positioning sleeve (305), a loosening knife signal adjusting rod (306), a loosening knife signal detection switch (307), a loosening knife signal detection ring (308) and a loosening knife signal detection positioning sleeve (309).
The knife clamping signal adjusting rod (302), the knife clamping signal detecting switch (303), the knife clamping signal detecting ring (304), the knife clamping signal detecting and positioning sleeve (305), the knife loosening signal adjusting rod (306), the knife loosening signal detecting switch (307), the knife loosening signal detecting ring (308) and the knife loosening signal detecting and positioning sleeve (309) are all arranged in the detecting mechanism mounting seat (301);
The clamping knife signal adjusting rod (302) is in hard contact with the clamping knife firing pin (603), and the clamping knife signal detecting switch (303) is used for collecting a moving signal of the clamping knife signal adjusting rod (302); the clamping knife signal detection ring (304) is in hard contact with the tail part of the clamping knife signal detection switch (303), and detects the separation and contact signals of the clamping knife signal detection switch (303); the clamping knife signal detection positioning sleeve (305) is sleeved outside the clamping knife signal adjusting rod (302);
The loose knife signal adjusting rod (306) is in hard contact with the loose knife firing pin (104); the loose knife signal detection switch (307) is used for collecting a movement signal of the loose knife signal adjusting rod (306); the loose knife signal detection ring (308) is in hard contact with the tail part of the loose knife signal detection switch (307) and is used for detecting the separation and contact signals of the loose knife signal detection switch (307); the loose knife signal detection positioning sleeve (309) is sleeved outside the loose knife signal adjusting rod (306).
6. A method for detecting an external spindle loose-clamping cutter for a rotary milling head of a machine tool, which is characterized in that the external spindle loose-clamping cutter detection mechanism for the rotary milling head of the machine tool is applied to any one of claims 1-5, and the method comprises the following steps:
S1, when a machine tool spindle needs to be changed, a milling head drives a milling head spindle box, a milling head rotating body and a cutter loosening mechanism to rotate to a designated cutter changing position by a servo motor for milling head rotation under the instruction of a numerical control system at the position in an actual working state, namely, the milling head is fixed below a detection mechanism on a milling head fixing seat;
S2, the cutter loosening piston presses down a cutter clamping mechanism of the main shaft, and the cutter clamping ejector rod pushes the cutter clamping firing pin to be contacted with the signal adjusting rod through the conical surface of the cutter loosening piston to drive a cutter clamping signal detecting ring on the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod to move;
s3, continuously pressing down the spindle knife clamping mechanism by the knife loosening piston, enabling the conical surface of the knife loosening ejector rod to contact with the knife loosening firing pin to enable the knife loosening firing pin to axially move, enabling the knife loosening firing pin to impact the knife loosening signal adjusting rod, enabling the knife loosening signal adjusting rod to drive the knife loosening signal detecting ring to move, enabling the knife loosening signal detecting ring to be close to the knife loosening signal detecting switch, and enabling the knife loosening signal detecting switch to generate signals;
S4, replacing a tool by a machine tool spindle;
S5, returning the loose knife piston, returning the loose knife ejector rod along with the return stroke of the piston, and reversely moving the loose knife signal adjusting rod and the loose knife firing pin under the action of spring force, wherein the loose knife signal adjusting rod drives the loose knife signal detection ring to move;
S6, the cutter loosening piston and the cutter loosening piston continue to return, at the moment, the conical surface of the cutter clamping ejector rod moves upwards, the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod and the cutter clamping firing pin return under the action of spring force, the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod is separated from the cutter clamping firing pin, and the cutter clamping signal detecting ring on the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod follows the cutter clamping signal adjusting rod to return.
7. The method for detecting loose clamping cutters of an external spindle for a rotary milling head of a machine tool according to claim 5, wherein in the step S1, the servo motor drives the rotary body of the milling head and the loose cutter mechanism to rotate to a designated cutter changing position, namely, the loose cutter firing pin and the clamping firing pin of the loose cutter mechanism are fixed below the detection mechanism on the fixed seat of the milling head, and the positions of the loose cutter firing pin and the loose clamping cutter signal detection mechanism correspond to each other.
8. The method for detecting the loosening of a clamping cutter of an external spindle for a rotary milling head of a machine tool according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, when the clamping cutter signal detection ring on the clamping cutter signal adjustment rod is driven to move, the position offset distance between the clamping cutter signal detection ring and the clamping cutter signal detection switch is increased, and the clamping cutter signal detection ring is separated from the clamping cutter signal detection switch, so that the clamping cutter signal detection switch signal is lost.
9. The method for detecting the loose-clamping cutters of the external spindle for the rotary milling head of the machine tool according to claim 5, wherein after the step S3 of generating the signals by the loose-cutter signal detection switch, the numerical control system confirms that the loose-cutter is in place through the signals generated by the loose-cutter signal detection switch.
10. The method for detecting loose blades of an external spindle for a rotary milling head of a machine tool according to claim 5, wherein in the step S5, when the loose blade signal adjusting rod and the loose blade striker are reversely moved under the action of spring force, the loose blade signal adjusting rod drives the loose blade signal detecting ring to move, the position offset distance between the loose blade signal detecting ring and the loose blade signal detecting switch is increased, the loose blade signal detecting ring is separated from the loose blade signal detecting switch, and at the moment, the loose blade signal detecting switch signal is disconnected.
11. The method for detecting the loose clamp cutter of the external spindle for the rotary milling head of the machine tool according to claim 5, wherein after the clamp cutter signal detection ring on the clamp cutter signal adjustment rod in the step S6 follows the return stroke of the clamp cutter signal adjustment rod, the position offset distance generated by the clamp cutter signal detection ring and the clamp cutter signal detection switch is reduced, and the clamp cutter signal detection ring approaches the clamp cutter signal detection switch to generate a signal at the moment; the numerical control system confirms that the clamping knife action is finished through a clamping knife detection switch signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311446763.4A CN117961639A (en) | 2023-11-02 | 2023-11-02 | External spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311446763.4A CN117961639A (en) | 2023-11-02 | 2023-11-02 | External spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117961639A true CN117961639A (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311446763.4A Pending CN117961639A (en) | 2023-11-02 | 2023-11-02 | External spindle loose clamp cutter detection mechanism and method for machine tool rotary milling head |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117961639A (en) |
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- 2023-11-02 CN CN202311446763.4A patent/CN117961639A/en active Pending
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