CN117960610A - Quick-freezing production system and method for litchi soaking - Google Patents
Quick-freezing production system and method for litchi soaking Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit preservation, and provides a quick-freezing production system and method for litchi dipping, wherein the quick-freezing production system comprises a server, a rack, a sorting module, a pre-cooling module, a packaging module and a quick-freezing module, and the server is respectively connected with the sorting module, the pre-cooling module, the packaging module and the quick-freezing module; the litchi sorting module detects litchi and evaluates the litchi according to the litchi pressure data value obtained by detection to determine the grade index of the litchi, the precooling module precools the litchi with different grade indexes, the packaging module packages the precooled litchi to form packaged litchi, and the quick-freezing module quick-freezes the packaged litchi. According to the litchi quick-freezing machine, the quick-freezing module and the packaging module are matched with each other, so that the litchi quick-freezing effect is better, the litchi preservation and packaging are also considered, the litchi preservation quality is improved, and the whole system has the advantages of good preservation effect, high intelligent degree and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit preservation, in particular to a quick-freezing production system and method for litchi dipping.
Background
Litchi is a highly popular tropical fruit, but is difficult to preserve for a long period of time due to its susceptibility to oxidation and sensitivity. Although the quick-freezing technology can prolong the preservation time of litchi to a certain extent, the common quick-freezing method can cause the litchi to lose the original flavor, color and nutritional value.
In the prior art, conventional preservation methods such as refrigeration can extend the freshness thereof, but the time is still short and may result in a decrease in taste and nutritional value;
Although the traditional quick-freezing technology provides possibility for long-time preservation of litchi, the method has several obvious defects. Firstly, direct quick freezing can cause damage to litchi cell structures, so that the mouthfeel of the unfrozen litchi is changed. Secondly, the litchi directly quick-frozen is easy to generate oxidation phenomenon, so that the color, taste and nutrition components of the litchi are damaged.
In addition, due to the irregular and porous surfaces of litchi, the conventional freezing method is difficult to achieve a uniform freezing effect. This means that some parts may be supercooled, while other parts may not be sufficiently frozen, further reducing the quality and edible safety of litchi.
And in addition, as disclosed in Chinese patent CN101223908B, the method for quick-freezing litchi by using the low-temperature antifreezing solution solves the problems that the control of the freezing time is inaccurate, the peel is extremely easy to crack and the appearance quality of the product is affected, and is unfavorable for the large-scale quick-freezing requirement and the processing efficiency of litchi.
Meanwhile, the prior art lacks of classifying different litchis, and cannot be specially soaked and frozen for specific sizes.
The invention is made for solving the problems that the individual litchis cannot be evaluated and sorted in the prior art, the quick-freezing efficiency is low, the quick-freezing requirements of different types of litchis cannot be met, the application scene range is small, the quick-freezing is uneven, the intelligent degree is low and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a quick-freezing production system and method for litchi impregnation, aiming at the defects existing at present.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping comprises a server and a rack, and further comprises a sorting module, a pre-cooling module, a packaging module and a quick-freezing module, wherein the server is respectively connected with the sorting module, the pre-cooling module, the packaging module and the quick-freezing module;
The sorting module clamps the litchi to obtain a pressure data value applied to the litchi in the clamping process, the litchi is evaluated according to the detected pressure data value to determine the grade index of the litchi, the precooling module precools the litchi with different grade indexes, the packaging module packages the precooled litchi to form packaged litchi, and the quick-freezing module quick-freezes the packaged litchi;
The sorting module comprises a sorting unit, a detection unit and an evaluation unit, wherein the detection unit is used for collecting pressure data values of litchis, the evaluation unit is used for evaluating grade indexes of the litchis according to the litchi pressure data values detected by the detection unit, and the sorting unit is used for sorting the litchis according to the grade indexes.
Optionally, the sorting unit includes a steering member, a pushing member and a supporting member, the supporting member supports the litchi, the pushing member triggers pushing of the litchi according to the grade index, so that the litchi falls into the pre-cooling module, and the steering member adjusts the position of the supporting member;
The supporting member comprises a screening plate and at least one screening groove arranged on the screening plate, and the at least one screening groove is distributed on the screening plate at equal intervals;
wherein the pushing members are respectively arranged in the bottom wall of at least one screening groove.
Optionally, the detection units are respectively arranged on the side wall of at least one screening groove, and collect pressure data values of litchis entering the screening groove;
The detection unit comprises a detection air bag, an inflator pump and a pressure detection belt, wherein the inflator pump is inflated with the detection air bag, the detection air bag clamps the litchi to obtain a pressure data value of the litchi, the pressure detection belt is used for detecting the contact pressure between the detection air bag and the litchi, and the pressure detection belt is arranged at the contact end face of the detection air bag and the litchi;
the detection air bag is arranged in a ring shape, and clamps the litchi from the peripheral side of the litchi to obtain a pressure data value of the litchi.
Optionally, the evaluation unit acquires the pressure data value of the litchi detected by the detection unit, and calculates the litchi grade index V in the screening tank according to the following formula:
V＝k·ln(1+S·P)+c；
Wherein k is a correction coefficient, the value of which is obtained through experience or historical data fitting, S is a safety coefficient of the screening groove, the value of which is set by a system to adjust the clamping pressure of the detection air bag on litchi, P is a litchi pressure data value obtained through detection of the pressure detection belt corresponding to the screening groove, and c is a lower limit of the pressure data value of the litchi clamped by the system;
If the litchi grade index V in the screening tank is matched with the target grade index of the system, triggering a pushing member in the screening tank to push out the litchi so as to fall into the precooling module; the target grade index of the system is set by an operator according to actual needs.
Optionally, the pushing member includes a contact element, a pushing rod, a height detecting element and a pushing driving mechanism, wherein one end of the pushing rod is connected with the releasing element, the other end of the pushing rod is in driving connection with the pushing driving mechanism to form a pushing part, the pushing part is arranged in the screening groove and is opposite to the opening of the screening groove, and the height detecting element detects the extending height of the pushing rod;
wherein the contact piece is in flexible contact with the litchi.
Optionally, the pre-cooling module is disposed below the screening plate, and includes a pre-cooling cavity, pre-cooling liquid, a stirring unit and a transporting unit, where the pre-cooling cavity stores the pre-cooling liquid, and the stirring unit stirs the litchi falling into the pre-cooling liquid, so that the litchi can enter the transporting unit, and the transporting unit transports the pre-cooled litchi into the packaging module;
The stirring unit is arranged in the pre-cooling cavity and stirs the litchi to the position of the transportation unit.
The invention also provides a quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping, which comprises the following steps:
S1, placing litchi separated into single litchi in at least one screening groove of the screening plate;
S2, clamping the litchi in at least one screening groove by the detection unit so as to detect the pressure data value of the litchi;
S3, the evaluation unit evaluates the litchi grade index in the screening groove according to the litchi pressure data value acquired by the detection unit;
S4, comparing the current target grade index with the grade index of the litchi in the screening tank from the system server, and triggering the pushing component to push the matched litchi out of the screening tank and fall into the precooling module if the current target grade index and the grade index of the litchi are matched;
S5, precooling litchis with different grade indexes in batches by the precooling module;
S6, after precooling of each batch of litchis is finished, the litchis in the batch are transmitted to the packaging module to be packaged to form packaged litchis;
s7, quick-freezing the packaged litchi by the quick-freezing module;
Optionally, the quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping comprises the following steps: in step S4, before triggering the pushing member to push the matched litchi out of the screening groove, the posture of the screening plate needs to be adjusted by the steering member, so that the screening plate can rotate and steer the pre-cooling module.
Optionally, the quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping comprises the following steps: in step S5, the litchi is stirred by the stirring unit, so that the litchi can be fully precooled.
Optionally, the quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping comprises the following steps: in step S6, the pre-cooled litchi is transported to the packaging module for packaging by the stirring unit and the transporting unit.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. Through the mutual matching of the detection unit and the evaluation unit, the state of the litchi can be evaluated, so that the litchi can be ensured to obtain the optimal preservation effect, and the quick-frozen quality and preservation quality of the litchi are improved;
2. Through the mutual matching of the pushing component, the steering component and the supporting component, the litchi meeting the grade index is pushed out and falls into the precooling module, and the sorting efficiency, the sorting reliability and the sorting accuracy of the litchi are ensured;
3. Through the cooperation between the sorting unit and the detection unit, the sorting efficiency of litchis is improved, and the litchi sorting is ensured to be more intelligent and reliable;
4. Through the mutual matching of the quick-freezing module and the packaging module, the quick-freezing effect of the litchi is better, the preservation and packaging of the litchi are also considered, the preservation quality of the litchi is improved, and the whole system has the advantages of good preservation effect, high intelligent degree and wide application range;
5. The litchi grade index is evaluated through the detection unit and the evaluation unit, so that different precooling temperatures and quick-freezing temperatures are determined according to the litchi grade index, the litchi quick-freezing effect and quality are improved, and the litchi preservation efficiency and quick-freezing accuracy are ensured;
6. The pre-cooling module pre-cools the litchi, so that the litchi can obtain optimal quick-freezing reliability, the preservation quality of the litchi is ensured, and the defect that the existing litchi preservation has cracks is overcome.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate like parts in the different views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the litchi sorting process according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an evaluation flow of the detecting unit and the evaluating unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a sorted litchi of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a block schematic diagram of the transport module, the supply member, the spacing member, the spreader member and the sealing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a sorting module of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a sorting module and a toggle unit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of the sorting module, toggle unit and transport unit of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the loading station, the supply member and the spacing member of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a limiting airbag and a limiting scene of a package bag edge according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the supply module and bundle pack of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the expanding member and the limiting member in the expanding state of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the quick-freezing unit and the quick-freezing chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is an enlarged schematic view at C in fig. 14.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view in partial cross-section at B-B in fig. 14.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a frame; 2. a screening plate; 3. a screening groove; 4. a rotating lever; 5. detecting an air bag; 6. a push rod; 7. a pre-cooling chamber; 8. a toggle rod; 9. stirring the screen; 10. a toggle driving mechanism; 11. a steering drive mechanism; 12. a contact; 13. a conveyor belt; 14. a loading station; 15. a support base; 16. an adsorption nozzle; 17. a sliding rail; 18. the first limiting seat; 19. the second limiting seat; 20. packaging bags; 21. a supply driving mechanism; 22. bundling and packaging bags; 23. a support roller; 24. opening the track; 25. a limit air bag; 26. a telescopic rod; 27. a quick-freezing cavity; 28. quick-freezing conveyor belt; 29. a connecting rod; 30. an adjusting seat; 31. adjusting the cavity; 32. a spray head; 33. adjusting the driving mechanism; 34. a contact; 35. a rotating seat; 36. packaging litchi.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in terms of specific examples, and those skilled in the art will appreciate the advantages and effects of the present invention from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in various respects, all without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The drawings of the present invention are merely schematic illustrations, and are not intended to be drawn to actual dimensions. The following embodiments will further illustrate the related art content of the present invention in detail, but the disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one: according to the embodiments shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, and fig. 16, the embodiment provides a quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping, the quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping comprises a server, and a rack 1, the server further comprises a sorting module, a pre-cooling module, a packaging module, and a quick-freezing module, the server is respectively connected with the sorting module, the pre-cooling module, the packaging module, and the quick-freezing module, and intermediate data and process data of the sorting module, the pre-cooling module, the packaging module, and the quick-freezing module are stored in a database of the server for query or call;
The sorting module clamps the litchi to obtain a pressure data value applied to the litchi in the clamping process, the litchi is evaluated according to the detected pressure data value to determine the grade index of the litchi, the precooling module precools the litchi with different grade indexes, the packaging module packages the precooled litchi to form a packaged litchi 36, and the quick-freezing module quick-freezes the packaged litchi 36;
wherein the sorting module, the pre-cooling module, the packaging module and the quick-freezing module are arranged in the frame 1;
The quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping also comprises a central processor, wherein the central processor is respectively connected with the sorting module, the precooling module, the packaging module and the quick-freezing module in a control manner, and the sorting module, the precooling module, the packaging module and the quick-freezing module are controlled in a centralized manner based on the central processor, so that the whole system can operate cooperatively and efficiently;
The sorting module comprises a sorting unit, a detection unit and an evaluation unit, wherein the detection unit collects pressure data values of the litchis, the evaluation unit evaluates grade indexes of the litchis according to the litchi pressure data values detected by the detection unit, and the sorting unit triggers sorting of the litchis according to the grade indexes;
optionally, the sorting unit includes a steering member, a pushing member and a supporting member, the supporting member supports the litchi, the pushing member triggers pushing of the litchi according to the grade index, so that the litchi falls into the pre-cooling module, and the steering member adjusts the position of the supporting member;
The supporting member comprises a screening plate 2 and at least one screening groove 3 arranged on the screening plate 2, and the at least one screening groove 3 is distributed on the screening plate 2 at equal intervals;
Wherein the pushing members are respectively provided in the bottom wall of at least one screening groove 3;
Optionally, the pushing member includes a contact element 12, a pushing rod 6, a height detecting element and a pushing driving mechanism, one end of the pushing rod 6 is connected with the contact element 12, the other end of the pushing rod 6 is in driving connection with the pushing driving mechanism to form a pushing part, the pushing part is disposed in the screening groove 3 and is opposite to the opening of the screening groove 3, and the height detecting element detects the extending height of the pushing rod 6; as shown in fig. 8;
Wherein the contact piece 12 is contacted with the litchi and flexibly contacted with the litchi;
The steering member comprises steering rods, steering detection pieces and a steering driving mechanism 11, wherein the steering rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the screening plate 2, one ends of the steering rods are connected with the screening plate 2, the other ends of the steering rods are hinged with the frame 1 to form a hinge part, the steering driving mechanism 11 is in driving connection with the steering rods so that the screening plate 2 rotates along the axis of the hinge part, and the steering detection pieces detect the steering angle of the steering rods;
Optionally, the detection units are respectively arranged on the side wall of at least one screening groove 3, and collect pressure data values of litchis entering the screening groove; wherein, the pressure data value of the litchi is obtained by direct detection by the detection unit;
The detection unit comprises a detection air bag 5, an inflator pump and a pressure detection belt, wherein the inflator pump inflates the detection air bag 5, the detection air bag 5 clamps the litchi to obtain a pressure data value of the litchi, and the pressure detection belt is used for detecting the contact pressure between the detection air bag 5 and the litchi, and is arranged at the contact end surface of the detection air bag 5 and the litchi;
wherein the detection air bag 5 is arranged in a ring shape, and clamps the litchi from the periphery of the litchi to obtain a pressure data value of the litchi;
In this embodiment, after determining the litchi grade index, the original orientation position is converted by the screening plate 2, so that the screening plate 2 can be adjusted to the direction towards the pre-cooling module, and the litchi meeting the grade index corresponding position in the screening groove 3 is pushed out of the original position by the pushing member;
when the pushing member pushes the litchi, the central processing unit is required to control the detection air bag 5 to exhaust so as to release the clamping of the litchi;
Through the mutual matching of the pushing component, the steering component and the supporting component, the litchi meeting the grade index is pushed out and falls into the precooling module, and the sorting efficiency, the sorting reliability and the sorting accuracy of the litchi are ensured;
in addition, a miniature pressure sensor is arranged on the pressure detection belt to enable the pressure value to be movably clamped in the process of clamping the litchi;
Optionally, the evaluation unit acquires the pressure data value of the litchi detected by the detection unit, and calculates the litchi grade index V in the screening tank according to the following formula:
V＝k·ln(1+S·P)+c；
Wherein k is a correction coefficient, the value of which is obtained through fitting experience or historical data, S is a safety coefficient of the screening groove, S is a coefficient preset according to experience to ensure that litchi is not damaged during clamping, the value of which is stored in the system in advance so as to adjust the clamping pressure of the detection air bag to the litchi, P is a litchi pressure data value detected by the pressure detection belt corresponding to the screening groove, and c is a lower limit of a pressure data value of the litchi clamping set by the system (namely, the pressure data value when the screening groove does not clamp the litchi);
Meanwhile, the safety coefficient S of the screening groove is preferably determined based on the variety and maturity of litchi, and S is a coefficient smaller than 1, so that the actual clamping pressure can be reduced;
Generally, the safety factor S may range from 0.5 to 0.95, with lower values being applicable to very fragile or vulnerable litchis and higher values being applicable to stronger varieties.
Examples: litchi variety A (litchi skin of this variety is thicker, pulp is compact and not easily damaged):
possible S values: 0.85 to 0.95
Litchi variety B (litchi skin of this variety is thinner and pulp is looser):
possible S values: 0.65 to 0.75
Litchi variety C (litchi rind and pulp of this variety are medium but require less pressure to grip due to their unique shape):
possible S values: 0.75 to 0.85
If the litchi grade index V in the screening tank is matched with the target grade index of the system, triggering a pushing member in the screening tank to push out the litchi so as to fall into the precooling module;
if the litchi grade index V in the screening groove is not matched with the target grade index of the system, the pushing component in the screening groove does not need litchi;
The system comprises a screening tank, a screening device and a control device, wherein the target grade index of the system is set by an operator or a manager according to actual needs, and the grade size set by the system is input by the operator or the manager from a human-computer interface of the system so that the litchi grade index V in the screening tank can be compared with the grade size;
meanwhile, litchi grade indexes of different types and sizes correspond to litchi, and when the system needs to process litchi in a certain size range of a certain type, data of the target grade index of the system are input from a human-computer interface;
meanwhile, triggering and comparing all litchi indexes in the screening groove with target grade indexes of the system, and if the target grade indexes are the same as the litchi grade indexes, matching the target grade indexes and the litchi grade indexes:
If the target grade index and the litchi grade index are different, the target grade index and the litchi grade index are not matched; in this embodiment, a manner of determining k is provided, namely: according to the following steps:
1) Collecting data:
A batch of litchi samples, including various sizes, was selected, clamped and corresponding pressure sensor readings were recorded. Meanwhile, each litchi is given an exact grade index according to the actual size or weight; generally speaking, the same class of litchis in a smaller size range have the same rank index, which helps to avoid data redundancy and increased data search burden of the system by setting the same rank index for different kinds and specified size ranges of litchis.
2) Converting data:
acquiring the corresponding pressure sensor: ln (1+s×p);
3) Linear regression is performed:
Setting a grade index as a dependent variable, and performing linear regression with the logarithm of the pressure value as an independent variable, wherein ln (1+S multiplied by P) is used as the independent variable, and litchi grade index V is used as the dependent variable, namely, a linear model is fitted by using a least square method to obtain an estimated value of k;
Of course, those skilled in the art may also use other ways to obtain an accurate estimated value of k, which will not be described in detail herein;
through the mutual matching of the detection unit and the evaluation unit, the grade index of the litchi can be evaluated, so that the litchi can be ensured to obtain the optimal preservation effect, and the quick-frozen quality and preservation quality of the litchi are improved;
in the embodiment, through the cooperation between the sorting unit and the detection unit, the sorting efficiency of litchis is improved, and the litchi sorting is more intelligent and reliable;
Optionally, the pre-cooling module is disposed below the screening plate 2, and includes a pre-cooling cavity 7, a pre-cooling liquid, a stirring unit and a transporting unit, where the pre-cooling liquid is stored in the pre-cooling cavity 7, and the stirring unit stirs the litchi falling into the pre-cooling liquid, so that the litchi can enter the transporting unit, and the transporting unit transports the pre-cooled litchi into the packaging module;
The stirring unit is arranged in the pre-cooling cavity 7 and stirs the litchi to the position of the transportation unit;
the stirring unit comprises a stirring rod 8, a stirring screen 9 and a stirring driving mechanism 10, the stirring screen 9 is arranged on a rod body of the stirring rod 8, the stirring rod 8 spans in the pre-cooling cavity 7 and is hinged with two side walls of the pre-cooling cavity 7, and the stirring driving mechanism 10 is in driving connection with one end of the stirring rod 8 so that the litchi can be stirred, and the full pre-cooling of the litchi body is realized;
the conveying unit comprises a conveying belt 13 and a conveying driving mechanism, the conveying driving mechanism is in driving connection with the conveying belt 13 to form a conveying part, and the conveying part is arranged on one side of the pre-cooling cavity 7 and is used for receiving litchis stirred by the stirring unit;
the conveying belt 13 is provided with a hollow conveying belt 13, so that precooling liquid can drain and cannot enter a packaging area of the packaging module;
In addition, the pre-cooling liquid is a liquid well known to those skilled in the art, such as: liquid inert gas or liquid carbon dioxide, etc.;
the packaging module comprises a packaging unit and a sealing unit, wherein the packaging unit packages the pre-cooled litchi, and the sealing unit seals the packaged litchi to form the packaged litchi 36;
The packaging unit is arranged on one side of the transportation unit and used for receiving the litchi transported by the transportation unit, and comprises a packaging bag 20, a supply member, a limiting member and a spreading member, wherein the supply member supplies the packaging bag 20 to the limiting member, the limiting member limits the packaging belt, and the spreading member spreads the bag mouth of the packaging bag 20 so as to receive the litchi transported by the transportation unit;
The supply member includes a support roller 23, a supply driving mechanism 21, a packing bag 20, a rotating seat 35, a rotation driving mechanism, and at least two contact heads 34, the support roller 23 supports the packing bag 20, the at least two contact heads 34 are disposed on a peripheral side of the rotating seat 35, the rotation driving mechanism is in driving connection with the rotating seat to form a rotating portion, the rotating portion is disposed on one side of the packing belt, and contacts one side of the packing bag 20 through the at least two contact heads 34 to supply the packing bag 20 to the limiting member;
The supply driving mechanism 21 is in driving connection with the supporting roller 23, so that the supporting roller 23 can rotate, and the packaging bag 20 placed on the supporting roller is smoothly supplied to a station where the limiting member is located;
The packing bag 20 adopts a bundle packing bag 22, and supplies the packing bag 20 to the limit member through the supply member;
The limiting member comprises a first limiting seat 18, a second limiting seat 19, a sliding track 17, a first sliding seat, a second sliding seat, a first sliding driving mechanism, a second sliding driving mechanism, a first identification probe, a second identification probe and at least two position markers, wherein at least two position markers are arranged on the sliding track 17 and distributed at equal intervals along the extending direction of the sliding track 17, the first sliding seat is in sliding connection with the sliding track 17, the first sliding driving mechanism is arranged on the first sliding seat and drives the first sliding seat to slide along the direction of the sliding track 17, the first identification probe is arranged on the first sliding seat and is arranged towards the direction of the sliding track 17 so as to identify at least two position markers,
The second sliding seat is in sliding connection with the sliding rail 17, and the second sliding driving mechanism is arranged on the second sliding seat and drives the second sliding seat to slide along the direction of the sliding rail 17; the second identifying probe is arranged on the second sliding seat and is arranged towards the direction of the sliding track 17 so as to identify at least two position markers;
the first limiting seat 18 is disposed on the first sliding seat, and the first limiting seat 18 is provided with a first clamping groove for clamping the packaging bag 20; similarly, the second limiting seat 19 is arranged on the second limiting seat 19, and a second clamping groove for clamping the other side of the packaging bag 20 is formed in the second limiting seat 19;
The limiting member further comprises a limiting air bag 25 and a trigger pump, wherein the limiting air bag 25 is symmetrically arranged in the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove and clamps the packaging bag 20, and the trigger pump is connected with the limiting air bag 25 and inflates the limiting air bag 25 so that the packaging bag 20 is clamped after the limiting air bag 25 bulges;
when the precooled litchi is loaded, after the bag opening is sealed, the limiting air bag 25 is deflated, so that the packaged litchi 36 falls into the quick-freezing module area;
Meanwhile, the distance between the initial positions of the first limiting seat 18 and the second limiting seat 19 is equal to the width of the packaging bag 20, so that the packaging bag 20 can be clamped by the first limiting seat 18 and the second limiting seat 19;
it should be noted that, a tear line is provided between each packaging bag 20 of the bundled packaging bags, so that after the packaging bags 20 are clamped by the first limiting seat 18 and the second limiting seat 19, the packaging bags 20 are driven to slide, and two adjacent packaging belts are separated from the tear line;
triggering the opening member to open the opening of the packing bag 20 after the packing bag 20 is clamped and moved below the transport module;
The opening member is disposed at the end loading station 14 (as shown in the dotted line position of fig. 10) of the transporting unit, and opens the mouth of the packaging bag 20 transported by the limiting member, specifically, the opening member is disposed at two sides of the sliding rail 17, so that the opening member can open the mouth of the packaging bag 20 from two sides of the packaging bag 20;
The expanding member comprises an expanding rail 24, an expanding seat 15, an expanding driving mechanism, a telescopic rod 26, a telescopic driving mechanism, an adsorption nozzle 16 and an adsorption pump, wherein the expanding seat 15 is in sliding connection with the expanding rail 24, the expanding driving mechanism is arranged on the expanding seat 15 and drives the expanding seat 15 to slide along the extending direction of the expanding rail 24, and the expanding rail 24 is parallel to the sliding rail 17;
One end of the telescopic rod 26 is connected with the adsorption nozzle 16, the adsorption pump is connected with the adsorption nozzle 16 through an adsorption pipeline, the other end of the telescopic rod 26 is in driving connection with the telescopic driving mechanism to form a telescopic part, and the telescopic part is arranged on the expansion seat 15 and moves along with the movement of the expansion seat 15;
Preferably, the spreader 15 moves to the middle of the package 20, the cpu triggers the extension rod 26 to extend, so that the suction nozzle 16 can be abutted against the mouth of the package 20, and the suction pump provides suction force, so that the suction nozzle 16 can absorb from both sides of the package 20 (since spreader members are disposed on both sides of the package 20, suction can be performed from both sides of the mouth of the package 20), and triggers the retraction rod 26 to retract, so as to spread the opening of the package 20;
After the opening member opens the mouth of the packaging bag 20, a transport instruction is sent to a transport unit, so that the transport unit transports the pre-cooled litchi to the loading station 14 and falls into the packaging bag 20;
the sealing unit comprises a sealing clamp and a clamping driving mechanism, wherein the sealing driving mechanism is in driving connection with the sealing clamp so that the sealing clamp can seal and clamp the mouth of the packaging bag 20;
Meanwhile, a heater and a heating element are arranged on the contact end surface of the sealing clamp and the packaging bag 20, and the heater heats the heating element so that the heating element can clamp and seal the bag opening of the packaging bag 20;
Wherein, the precooled litchi can be packaged through the sealing unit and the packaging unit, so that the quality of quick-freezing and the preservation effect of litchi are improved;
After the sealing unit seals the packaging bag 20 clamped on the clamping seat, the clamping seat releases the limitation on the packaging bag 20;
at the same time, the first limiting seat 18 and the second clamping seat return to original positions, and trigger the supply member to supply the packaging bag 20;
the packaging procedure of the whole packaging module is as follows: the supply member supplies the packing bag 20, the limit member clamps the packing bag 20 and moves to the lower part of the transportation unit, the opening member opens the packing bag 20, the sealing unit seals the packing bag 20, the limit member returns to the original position, the supply member supplies the packing bag 20 … …, and the above steps are repeated in a circulating manner;
when the litchi package is sealed, the litchi package falls into a quick-freezing area of the quick-freezing module;
the quick-freezing module comprises a quick-freezing cavity 27 and a quick-freezing unit, wherein the quick-freezing cavity 27 is used for packaging the packaged litchi 36, and the quick-freezing unit is arranged in the quick-freezing cavity 27 and is used for quick-freezing the packaged litchi 36;
The quick-freezing unit comprises a quick-freezing conveyor belt 28, a quick-freezing member and a posture adjusting member, wherein the quick-freezing conveyor belt 28 conveys the packaged litchi 36, the quick-freezing member sprays liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide to the packaged litchi 36, and the posture adjusting member adjusts the spraying angle of the quick-freezing member;
meanwhile, in the embodiment, the freezing temperature of the quick-freezing member is lower than that of the pre-cooling process, so that litchi can be accurately stored;
Wherein the quick-freezing member is arranged above the quick-freezing conveyor belt 28, and the spraying direction faces the quick-freezing conveyor belt 28;
The gesture adjusting member comprises a connecting rod 29, an adjusting seat 30, a steering detecting piece and an adjusting driving mechanism 33, the connecting rod 29 supports the adjusting seat 30, wherein an adjusting cavity 31 for placing the adjusting seat 30 is arranged on a rod body of the connecting rod 29, the connecting rod 29 is symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the rotating seat 35, one end of the connecting rod 29 is connected with the side walls of the rotating seat 35, the other end of the connecting rod 29 is hinged with the adjusting cavity 31, the steering detecting piece detects the rotating angle of the steering seat, and the adjusting driving mechanism 33 is arranged at the hinged position of the connecting rod 29 and the adjusting cavity 31 and drives the connecting rod 29 to rotate, so that the rotating of the adjusting seat 30 is realized;
The quick-freezing component comprises a liquid storage tank and a spray head 32, the spray head 32 is arranged on the adjusting seat 30 and rotates along with the rotation of the adjusting seat 30, and the liquid storage tank stores liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide;
meanwhile, the quick-freezing component further comprises an infusion pipeline, and two ends of the infusion pipeline are respectively connected with the spray head 32 and the liquid storage tank;
The spray head 32 adopts a structure capable of atomizing liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, so that the atomized liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide cools surrounding air to improve quick-freezing quality and quick-freezing efficiency of the litchi;
In addition, the quick-freezing component further comprises an electronic control valve, wherein the electronic control valve is used for controlling the triggering of the liquid storage tank, and in the embodiment, the electronic control valve is controlled by the central processing unit to trigger the injection of the packaged litchi 36 so as to realize quick freezing of the litchi;
Of course, those skilled in the art can also use liquid ammonia as a refrigerant and form a quick-freezing environment around the quick-freezing conveyor belt 28, so that the litchi can be quickly quick-frozen by packaging through the quick-freezing conveyor belt 28;
The method comprises the steps of taking liquid ammonia as a refrigerant and quick-freezing fruits, wherein the method is a common technical means in the field, and a person skilled in the art can inquire related technical manuals to know the technology, so that in the embodiment, the details are not repeated;
Through the mutual matching of the quick-freezing module and the packaging module, the quick-freezing effect of the litchi is better, the preservation and packaging of the litchi are also considered, the preservation quality of the litchi is improved, and the whole system has the advantages of good preservation effect, high intelligent degree and wide application range;
the invention also provides a quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing litchi separated into single litchi in at least one screening groove 3 of the screening plate 2;
S2, clamping the litchi in at least one screening groove 3 by the detection unit so as to detect the pressure data value of the litchi;
S3, the evaluation unit evaluates the litchi grade index in the screening tank 3 according to the litchi pressure data value acquired by the detection unit;
S4, comparing the current target grade index with the grade index of the litchi in the screening tank from the system server, and triggering the pushing component to push the matched litchi out of the screening tank 3 and fall into the precooling module if the current target grade index and the grade index of the litchi are matched;
S5, precooling litchis with different grade indexes in batches by the precooling module;
S6, after precooling of each batch of litchis is finished, the litchis in the batch are transmitted to the packaging module to be packaged to form packaged litchis 36;
s7, quick-freezing the packaged litchi 36 by the quick-freezing module;
Optionally, the quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping comprises the following steps: in step S4, before triggering the pushing member to push out of the screening groove 3, the posture of the screening plate 2 needs to be adjusted by the steering member so that the screening plate 2 can rotate and turn to the pre-cooling module;
optionally, the quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping comprises the following steps: in step S5, the litchi is stirred by the stirring unit, so that the litchi can be fully precooled, and the defect of poor litchi precooling or quick-freezing effects caused by nonuniform sizes is prevented;
Optionally, the quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping comprises the following steps: in step S6, the pre-cooled litchi is transported to the packaging module for packaging by the stirring unit and the transporting unit;
In this embodiment, the pre-cooling temperature and the quick-freezing temperature required by the litchis with different grade indexes are different, and if all the litchis are pre-cooled and quick-frozen at the same (or the same) temperature, the preservation quality of litchi fruits is very easy to be reduced; according to the litchi quick-freezing machine, the grade indexes of the litchi are evaluated through the detection unit and the evaluation unit, so that different precooling temperatures and quick-freezing temperatures are determined according to the grade indexes of the litchi, the quick-freezing effect and quality of the litchi are improved, and the litchi preservation efficiency and quick-freezing accuracy are ensured;
meanwhile, the pre-cooling module pre-cools the litchi, so that the litchi can obtain optimal quick-freezing reliability, the preservation quality of the litchi is ensured, and the defect that the existing litchi preservation has cracks is overcome.
Embodiment two: the embodiment should be understood to include all the features of any one of the foregoing embodiments, and further improve on the foregoing embodiments, and according to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, and fig. 16, the quick-freezing module further includes a quick-freezing analysis unit, where the quick-freezing analysis unit acquires the target grade index of the system and the number data of the litchis currently processed, and analyzes the quick-freezing process to ensure that the quick-freezing process can be accurately controlled;
in this embodiment, the quick-freezing unit triggers a quick-freezing operation on the litchi according to the analysis result;
wherein the quick-freezing analysis unit acquires a target grade index (represented by Size for convenience of explanation in this embodiment) of the system and the number N of litchis pushed from the screening tank 3, and calculates a quick-freezing time T according to the following formula:
T＝T1+T2；
Wherein T 1 is the initial time of quick-freezing, T 2 is the later time of quick-freezing, and the value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, N is the number of litchis pushed by the screening groove, ratio is the Ratio of the target grade corresponding to the current litchi to the index of the reference standard grade, and the Ratio meets the following requirements: The Size is a target grade index, the Size ref is a reference standard grade index, the Size is determined by staff according to historical target grade and fruit growers' advice, T m is a middle temperature set by the system, the value of the middle temperature is set by a manager according to needs, T f is a target final temperature of quick freezing, c is a quantity adjustment coefficient, d is an adjustment coefficient, and in the embodiment, d=0.8c is set;
the value of the quantity adjustment coefficient c is obtained according to the following steps:
Assuming we know that the time for a standard number N standard (available from historical data of the system) of litchi to cool from T m to T f is T standard2, then estimate c:
for the initial time of quick-freezing, T 1 was calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, T 0 is the temperature after the pre-cooling of the litchi, the value of T 0 is equal to the temperature of the pre-cooling liquid, T m is the intermediate temperature set by the system, and a is the proportional adjustment coefficient, and the estimation can be performed according to the following formula:
Wherein, T standard is the time required for the litchi with standard size to cool T m from T 0;
Illustrating: it is assumed that from the history data, there are the following:
Standard size litchi takes 1 hour to cool from 20 ℃ to-10 ℃;
100 standard size litchis were cooled from-10 ℃ to-18 ℃ for 2 hours;
Then we can get:
In the process of freezing litchi with a standard size, the time data required by related freezing can be used as a reference, and in the embodiment, the time T standard required by the litchi with the standard size from T 0 to T m can be called from historical data;
the central processing unit transmits the analysis result of the quick-freezing analysis unit to the quick-freezing unit, and controls the quick-freezing time of the quick-freezing unit according to the analysis result;
In this embodiment, the angle adjusting member is set to swing back and forth at a constant speed, so that the packaged litchi 36 can be precisely quick frozen;
through the cooperation between quick-freeze unit and the quick-freeze analysis unit for the quick-freeze effect of packing litchi 36 is more accurate, guarantees the save quality of litchi, promotes the reliability and the efficiency of whole system to litchi freezing.
The foregoing disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that all equivalent technical changes made by applying the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are included in the scope of the present invention, and in addition, elements in the present invention can be updated as the technology develops.
Claims (10)
1. The quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping comprises a server and a rack, and is characterized by further comprising a sorting module, a precooling module, a packaging module and a quick-freezing module, wherein the server is respectively connected with the sorting module, the precooling module, the packaging module and the quick-freezing module;
The sorting module clamps the litchi to obtain a pressure data value applied to the litchi in the clamping process, the litchi is evaluated according to the detected pressure data value to determine the grade index of the required litchi, the precooling module precools the litchi with different grade indexes, the packaging module packages the precooled litchi to form packaged litchi, and the quick-freezing module quick-freezes the packaged litchi;
The sorting module comprises a sorting unit, a detection unit and an evaluation unit, wherein the detection unit is used for collecting pressure data values of litchis, the evaluation unit is used for evaluating grade indexes of the litchis according to the litchi pressure data values detected by the detection unit, and the sorting unit is used for sorting the litchis according to the grade indexes.
2. The quick-freezing production system for litchi immersion according to claim 1, wherein the sorting unit comprises a steering member, a pushing member and a supporting member, the supporting member supporting the litchi, the pushing member triggering pushing of the litchi according to the grade index so that the litchi falls into the pre-cooling module, the steering member adjusting the position of the supporting member;
The supporting member comprises a screening plate and at least one screening groove arranged on the screening plate, and the at least one screening groove is distributed on the screening plate at equal intervals;
wherein the pushing members are respectively arranged in the bottom wall of at least one screening groove.
3. The quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping according to claim 2, wherein the detection units are respectively arranged on the side wall of at least one screening groove and collect pressure data values of litchi entering the screening groove;
The detection unit comprises a detection air bag, an inflator pump and a pressure detection belt, wherein the inflator pump is inflated with the detection air bag, the detection air bag clamps the litchi to obtain a pressure data value of the litchi, the pressure detection belt is used for detecting the contact pressure between the detection air bag and the litchi, and the pressure detection belt is arranged at the contact end face of the detection air bag and the litchi;
the detection air bag is arranged in a ring shape, and clamps the litchi from the peripheral side of the litchi to obtain a pressure data value of the litchi.
4. A quick-freezing production system for litchi immersion according to claim 3, wherein the evaluation unit acquires the pressure data value of the litchi detected by the detection unit, and calculates the litchi grade index V in the screening tank according to the following formula:
V＝k·ln(1+S·P)+c；
wherein k is a correction coefficient, the value of which is obtained through experience or historical data fitting, S is a safety coefficient of the screening groove, the value of which is set by a system, P is a litchi pressure data value detected by the pressure detection belt corresponding to the screening groove, and c is a lower limit of a pressure data value set by the system for clamping litchi;
If the litchi grade index V in the screening tank is matched with the target grade index of the system, triggering a pushing member in the screening tank to push out the litchi so as to fall into the precooling module; the target grade index of the system is set by an operator according to actual needs.
5. The quick-freezing production system for litchi immersion according to claim 4, wherein the pushing member comprises a contact piece, a pushing rod, a height detection piece and a pushing driving mechanism, one end of the pushing rod is connected with the contact piece, the other end of the pushing rod is in driving connection with the pushing driving mechanism to form a pushing part, the pushing part is arranged in the screening groove and is opposite to an opening of the screening groove, and the height detection piece detects the extending height of the pushing rod; wherein the contact piece is in flexible contact with the litchi.
6. The quick-freezing production system for litchi dipping according to claim 5, wherein the pre-cooling module is arranged below the screening plate, the pre-cooling module comprises a pre-cooling cavity, pre-cooling liquid, a stirring unit and a conveying unit, the pre-cooling liquid is stored in the pre-cooling cavity, the stirring unit stirs the litchi falling into the pre-cooling liquid so that the litchi can enter the conveying unit, and the conveying unit conveys the pre-cooled litchi into the packaging module;
The stirring unit is arranged in the pre-cooling cavity and stirs the litchi to the position of the transportation unit.
7. A quick-freezing production method for litchi dipping, which is applied to the method of claim 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, placing litchi separated into single litchi in at least one screening groove of the screening plate;
S2, clamping the litchi in at least one screening groove by the detection unit so as to detect the pressure data value of the litchi;
S3, the evaluation unit evaluates the litchi grade index in the screening groove according to the litchi pressure data value acquired by the detection unit;
S4, comparing the current target grade index with the grade index of the litchi in the screening tank from the system server, and triggering the pushing component to push the matched litchi out of the screening tank and fall into the precooling module if the current target grade index and the grade index of the litchi are matched;
S5, precooling litchis with different grade indexes in batches by the precooling module;
S6, after precooling of each batch of litchis is finished, the litchis in the batch are transmitted to the packaging module to be packaged to form packaged litchis;
S7, quick-freezing the packaged litchi by the quick-freezing module.
8. The quick-freezing production method for litchi chinensis dipping according to claim 7, wherein the quick-freezing production method for litchi chinensis dipping comprises the following steps: in step S4, before triggering the pushing member to push the matched litchi out of the screening groove, the posture of the screening plate needs to be adjusted by the steering member, so that the screening plate can rotate and steer the pre-cooling module.
9. The quick-freezing production method for litchi chinensis dipping according to claim 8, wherein the quick-freezing production method for litchi chinensis dipping comprises the following steps: in step S5, the litchi is stirred by the stirring unit, so that the litchi can be fully precooled.
10. The quick-freezing production method for litchi chinensis dipping according to claim 9, wherein the quick-freezing production method for litchi chinensis dipping comprises the following steps: in step S6, the pre-cooled litchi is transported to the packaging module for packaging by the stirring unit and the transporting unit.
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