CN117958239A - Full-automatic fumigation equipment and control method thereof - Google Patents
Full-automatic fumigation equipment and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117958239A CN117958239A CN202211321231.3A CN202211321231A CN117958239A CN 117958239 A CN117958239 A CN 117958239A CN 202211321231 A CN202211321231 A CN 202211321231A CN 117958239 A CN117958239 A CN 117958239A
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- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002316 fumigant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005935 Sulfuryl fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
The invention discloses full-automatic fumigation equipment and a control method thereof, wherein the full-automatic fumigation equipment comprises a circulating device, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein an air outlet of the circulating fan is communicated with a storage bin through the first pipeline, and an air inlet of the circulating fan is communicated with the storage bin through the second pipeline; the first storage tank is used for storing the fumigant and is communicated with the first pipeline through a third pipeline; the second storage tank is used for storing coolant and/or flame retardant, and is communicated with the third pipeline through a fourth pipeline; the temperature detection device is arranged on one end of the first pipeline close to the air outlet of the circulating fan and is used for detecting the temperature of circulating gas in the first pipeline; and the first concentration detection device is used for detecting the concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas in the first pipeline. The full-automatic fumigation equipment can improve the safety when using the gaseous fumigant and has higher automation degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of full-automatic fumigation equipment, in particular to full-automatic fumigation equipment and a control method thereof.
Background
The grain may be damaged by insect damage during storage, and a common method of pest control is fumigation. The existing fumigant used in fumigation can be solid fumigant or gas fumigant, and most of the gas fumigant has the defects of severe toxicity, spontaneous combustion, explosiveness and the like, so that the gas fumigant has high danger in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide full-automatic fumigation equipment which can improve safety when a gaseous fumigant is used.
The invention aims to provide a control method of full-automatic fumigation equipment.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fully automatic fumigating apparatus, including:
The circulating device comprises a circulating fan, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein an air outlet of the circulating fan is communicated with the storage bin through the first pipeline, and an air inlet of the circulating fan is communicated with the storage bin through the second pipeline;
A first reservoir for storing a fumigant, the first reservoir being in communication with the first conduit via a third conduit;
a second tank for storing a coolant and/or a flame retardant, the second tank being in communication with the third conduit through a fourth conduit;
The temperature detection device is arranged on one end of the first pipeline close to the air outlet of the circulating fan and is used for detecting the temperature of circulating gas in the first pipeline;
the first concentration detection device is arranged on the first pipeline and positioned at the downstream of the third pipeline and is used for detecting the concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas in the first pipeline.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the third pipe is provided with a plurality of discharge ports arranged at intervals, and the third pipe is communicated with the first pipe through the discharge ports.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a cross section of the first pipe at a junction with the third pipe is flat.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the cross section of the air outlet of the circulating fan is flat, and the cross section of the connection part between the first pipeline and the air outlet of the circulating fan is flat.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, a mass flow controller is provided on the third conduit for displaying and regulating the flow of fumigant in the third conduit; and when the first concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline is larger than the first concentration threshold value, adjusting the mass flow controller to reduce the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a second concentration detection device is disposed on the second pipeline, and is configured to detect a concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas in the second pipeline, and when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is less than a second concentration threshold value, adjust the mass flow controller to increase the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline; and when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is larger than a second concentration threshold value, closing the mass flow controller.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a first switching valve is further disposed on the third pipe, and the first switching valve is located upstream of a connection point between the fourth pipe and the third pipe, and is used for opening or closing the third pipe.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a second switching valve is provided on the fourth pipe, and the second switching valve is opened when the temperature detecting device detects that the temperature of the circulating gas in the first pipe is greater than the temperature threshold.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the fully automatic fumigating apparatus further includes a protection cut-off valve provided on the third pipe adjacent to the first pipe for opening or closing the third pipe.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the fumigant comprises hydrogen phosphide and/or sulfuryl fluoride; and/or
The coolant comprises liquid nitrogen; and/or
The flame retardant includes ammonium carbamate.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a circulating water cooling mechanism is disposed in the circulating fan to reduce the temperature of the circulating gas output from the circulating fan.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the full-automatic fumigation equipment, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining the volume of gas in the bin and the mass of the material to be fumigated, and selecting a fumigant;
Setting equipment parameter thresholds of full-automatic fumigation equipment according to the volumes of the fumigant, the gas in the storage bin and the quality of the fumigated materials, wherein the equipment parameter thresholds comprise a first concentration threshold, a second concentration threshold and a temperature threshold;
controlling the fully automatic fumigation equipment according to an equipment parameter threshold, comprising:
according to the relation between the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline and the first concentration threshold value detected by a first concentration detection device on the first pipeline, a mass flow controller is regulated, and a first switch valve is opened or closed; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
According to the relation between the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline and the second concentration threshold value detected by a second concentration detection device on the second pipeline, adjusting a mass flow controller and opening or closing a first switch valve; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
And opening or closing a second switch valve on the fourth pipeline according to the relation between the temperature value of the circulating gas in the first pipeline and the temperature threshold value detected by the temperature detection device on the first pipeline.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the steps of adjusting the mass flow controller and opening or closing the first on/off valve according to the magnitude relation of the first concentration detection means on the first pipe detecting the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipe and the first concentration threshold value comprise:
And when the first concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline is larger than the first concentration threshold value, adjusting the mass flow controller to reduce the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the steps of adjusting the mass flow controller and opening or closing the first on-off valve according to the magnitude relation of the concentration value of the fumigant in the second conduit detected by the second concentration detection means on the second conduit and the second concentration threshold value comprise:
When the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is smaller than the second concentration threshold value, the mass flow controller is regulated so as to increase the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline; and when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is larger than a second concentration threshold value, closing the mass flow controller.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the step of opening or closing the second switching valve on the fourth pipe according to the relationship between the temperature value of the circulating gas in the first pipe and the temperature threshold value detected by the temperature detecting means on the first pipe includes:
And when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature of the circulating gas in the first pipeline is greater than the temperature threshold value, the second switch valve is opened.
Compared with the prior art, according to the full-automatic fumigation equipment, the temperature of the gas in the circulation pipeline is monitored through the temperature detection device, and once the temperature is higher than a set temperature value, the coolant can be injected into the circulation pipeline through the second pipeline discharging device, so that the temperature of the gas in the circulation pipeline is reduced, the conditions of spontaneous combustion, spontaneous explosion and the like of the fumigant are avoided, and the safety of the whole full-automatic fumigation equipment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a fully automatic fumigation apparatus with a silo according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a junction of a first conduit and a third conduit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
1. A circulation device; 11. a circulating fan; 12. a first pipe; 13. a second pipe; 2. a first storage tank; 21. a third conduit; 211. a discharge port; 212. a first switching valve; 213. protecting the cut-off valve; 3. a second storage tank; 31. a fourth conduit; 311. a second switching valve; 4. a temperature detecting device; 5. a first concentration detection means; 6. a mass flow controller; 7. a second concentration detection means; 8. and (5) a storage bin.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
As shown in fig. 1, the full-automatic fumigation apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a circulation device 1, a first storage tank 2, a second storage tank 3, a temperature detection device 4, and a first concentration detection device 5. The circulating device 1 comprises a circulating fan 11, a first pipeline 12 and a second pipeline 13, wherein an air outlet of the circulating fan 11 is communicated with the storage bin 8 through the first pipeline 12, and an air inlet of the circulating fan 11 is communicated with the storage bin 8 through the second pipeline 13; a first reservoir 2 for storing a fumigant, said first reservoir 2 being in communication with said first conduit 12 via a third conduit 21; a second tank 3 for storing a coolant and/or a flame retardant, said second tank 3 being in communication with said third pipe 21 through a fourth pipe 31; the temperature detection device 4 is arranged on one end of the first pipeline 12 close to the air outlet of the circulating fan 11 and is used for detecting the temperature of circulating gas in the first pipeline 12; the first concentration detection means 5 is arranged on said first conduit 12 downstream of the third conduit 21 for detecting the concentration of fumigant in the circulating gas in the first conduit 12.
When the full-automatic fumigating device is used, the full-automatic fumigating device can be connected with the existing bin 8, and a circulating pipeline is formed by matching the circulating device 1 with the bin 8, circulating gas circularly flows in the circulating pipeline, and the circulating gas can be regarded as a mixture of gaseous fumigant and air or other gases. Typically, the existing silo 8 is not completely closed, so the circulation line may be considered a relatively closed circulation line.
It will be appreciated that the full-automatic fumigation equipment of the invention further comprises a PLC control device (not shown in the figures), the PLC control device plays a role in controlling the operation of the full-automatic fumigation equipment of the invention, and the PLC control device can be far away from the circulation device 1 and the storage bin 8, so that an operator can operate the PLC control device at a position far away from the circulation device 1 and the storage bin 8, thereby controlling the whole full-automatic fumigation equipment. Namely, the circulating pipeline formed by the cooperation of the circulating device 1 and the storage bin 8 can be arranged at a place far away from people, and even if the gaseous fumigant has the risk of extremely toxicity or inflammability and explosiveness, operators cannot be injured, so that the safety of the full-automatic fumigation equipment using the gaseous fumigant is improved.
Alternatively, the first tank 2 may store a high pressure, high purity fumigant, in particular a phosphine and/or sulfuryl fluoride. The fumigant enters the first pipe 12 through the third pipe 21 and is mixed with the gas in the first pipe 12 to form a circulating gas, and the first concentration detection device 5 can detect the concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas formed when the fumigant just enters the first pipe 12 and adjust the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipe 21 according to the concentration of the fumigant at that time. It will be appreciated that the fumigant may be selected from other gaseous fumigants as desired.
In this embodiment, phosphine may be selected as the fumigant, thereby better illustrating the fully automatic fumigation apparatus of the present invention.
When the concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas formed when the phosphine just enters the first pipeline 12 is too high, the risk of spontaneous explosion of the phosphine may occur, so the risk of spontaneous explosion of the phosphine may be avoided as much as possible by detecting data of the first concentration detecting device 5 and controlling the flow of the phosphine in the third pipeline 21.
Since the phosphine is mixed with the air after exceeding 38 ℃, the risk of spontaneous combustion may occur, the temperature of the circulating gas in the first pipeline 12 is detected by the temperature detecting device 4, and when the temperature exceeds a certain value, the first pipeline 12 or the circulating device 1 and the storage bin 8 can be cooled and flame-retardant, so that the conditions of fire and the like caused by spontaneous combustion of the phosphine are avoided.
Specifically, the cooling and flame retarding operations may be: the coolant and/or flame retardant in the second tank 3 is introduced into the first pipe 12 through the third pipe 21, thereby performing a cooling and flame retarding operation of the first pipe 12 or the circulation device 1 and the silo 8.
Wherein the coolant may comprise liquid nitrogen. The flame retardant includes ammonium carbamate. It will be appreciated that the coolant and flame retardant may be selected from other materials as desired.
Specifically, a circulating water cooling mechanism (not shown in the figure) may be disposed in the circulating fan 11, so as to reduce the temperature of the circulating gas output by the circulating fan 11, thereby reducing the temperature of the first pipeline 12 or the circulating device 1 and the bin 8.
In a specific embodiment, the third pipeline 21 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 211 arranged at intervals, and the third pipeline 21 is communicated with the first pipeline 12 through the discharge ports 211. When the cross-sectional areas of the joints of the third pipeline 21 and the first pipeline 12 are ensured to be the same, the plurality of discharge holes 211 arranged at intervals can realize that phosphine entering from the third pipeline 21 is instantaneously diluted to be below a safe concentration by circulating gas in the first pipeline 12, so that the risk of spontaneous explosion of the phosphine is reduced.
It should be noted that when the fully automatic fumigating apparatus is just started, that is, when phosphine has not yet entered the first pipe 12, the circulating gas may be regarded as air or other gas. When the full-automatic fumigation equipment is started for a period of time, that is, when phosphine is contained in each of the circulating fan 11, the first pipeline 12 and the second pipeline 13, the circulating gas can be considered as a mixture of phosphine and air or phosphine and other gases.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cross section of the connection portion between the first pipe 12 and the third pipe 21 is flat. The first flat pipe 12 lifts the interval distance of the plurality of discharge ports 211 or increases the number of the discharge ports 211 at a certain interval distance of the plurality of discharge ports 211, thereby achieving the effect of rapidly diluting phosphine below the safe concentration.
Further, the cross section of the air outlet of the circulating fan 11 is flat, and the cross section of the connection part between the first pipeline 12 and the air outlet of the circulating fan 11 is flat. It will be appreciated that the cross-section of the portion of the first duct 12 from the junction with the outlet to the junction with the third duct 21 is flat. The cross section of the air outlet of the circulating fan 11 is flat, so that the flow velocity of circulating gas in the first pipeline 12 with the flat cross section can be more uniform, and the effect of quickly diluting phosphine to below the safe concentration is achieved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the third pipeline 21 is provided with a mass flow controller 6 for displaying and adjusting the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline 21; when the first concentration detection means 5 detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the first conduit 12 is greater than the first concentration threshold, the mass flow controller 6 is adjusted to reduce the flow of fumigant in the third conduit 21. The first concentration threshold is less than the explosion limit of the fumigant, so as to provide time for an operator or a fully automatic fumigation device to regulate the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline 12, so as to dilute the concentration of the phosphine in the circulating gas below a safe concentration.
Taking phosphine as a fumigant as an example, the explosion limit of the phosphine is more than or equal to 1.79%, and the first concentration threshold can be set to 1%, namely the concentration of the phosphine in the circulating gas is less than 1%, and 1.79% and 1% are volume concentrations. It will be appreciated that the first concentration threshold may also be set to other values that are less than the explosion limit. Or the first concentration threshold is set to another value according to the type of fumigant.
Further, the second pipeline 13 is provided with a second concentration detection device 7 for detecting the concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas in the second pipeline 13, and when the second concentration detection device 7 detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline 13 is smaller than the second concentration threshold value, the mass flow controller 6 is adjusted to increase the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline 21; when the second concentration detection means 7 detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second conduit 13 is greater than the second concentration threshold, the mass flow controller 6 is closed. By this arrangement, the concentration of fumigant in the circulation line formed by the cooperation of the circulation device 1 and the silo 8 can be controlled to be kept at a desired concentration as much as possible.
It will be appreciated that the second concentration threshold may be considered as a concentration value of the fumigant in the circulation line formed by the cooperation of the circulation device 1 and the bin 8, which has a fumigation effect, and the value of the second concentration threshold is calculated according to parameters such as different fumigants, the volume of the bin 8, the type of the material to be fumigated, the density of the material to be fumigated, the air output of the circulation fan 11, the gas overflow amount of the bin 8 or the circulation line, and the like. In which the gas spillage of the silo 8 or the circulation line can be considered as the amount of gas that the circulating gas escapes into the environment, since the existing silo 8 is not completely closed.
In a specific embodiment, the third pipe 21 is further provided with a first switch valve 212, and the first switch valve 212 is located upstream of the connection between the fourth pipe 31 and the third pipe 21, and is used for opening or closing the third pipe 21. I.e. the effect that the first switch valve 212 can control whether fumigant in the first reservoir 2 can enter the first conduit 12 through the third conduit 21. In addition, when an emergency occurs, for example, when the circulation device 1 and/or the storage bin 8 may have a fire or explosion, or when the circulation device 1 and/or the storage bin 8 may have a risk of a fire or explosion, an operator may close the first switch valve 212 through the PLC control device, thereby avoiding the influence of the emergency on the fumigant in the first storage tank 2, reducing the loss that may occur in the emergency, and avoiding the situation of personal injury as much as possible.
In a specific embodiment, the fourth pipe 31 is provided with a second switch valve 311, and when the temperature detecting device 4 detects that the temperature of the circulating gas in the first pipe 12 is greater than the temperature threshold value, the second switch valve 311 is opened; so that the coolant and/or the flame retardant in the second tank 3 is introduced into the first pipe 12 through the third pipe 21, thereby performing a cooling and flame retarding operation of the first pipe 12 or the circulation device 1 and the silo 8.
In one embodiment, the fully automatic fumigating device further comprises a protection cut-off valve 213, wherein the protection cut-off valve 213 is disposed on the third pipe 21 near the first pipe 12, and is used for opening or closing the third pipe 21. In order to improve the safety of the fully automatic fumigation apparatus, the first storage tank 2 is usually disposed at a position far away from the circulation device 1 and the storage bin 8, and when an emergency occurs, for example, when the circulation device 1 and/or the storage bin 8 may be in fire or explosion, or when the circulation device 1 and/or the storage bin 8 may be in risk of fire or explosion, an operator may close the protection cut-off valve 213 through the PLC control device, so as to avoid the influence of the emergency on the fumigant in the first storage tank 2, and reduce the damage of the emergency on the third pipeline 21 and avoid the situation of personal injury as far as possible.
In one embodiment, the first concentration detection apparatus 5 and the second concentration detection apparatus 7 may be a gas concentration meter or a gas concentration measurement sensor. The temperature detection means 4 may be a thermometer or a temperature sensor.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the full-automatic fumigation equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining the volume of gas in the bin and the mass of the materials to be fumigated, and selecting a fumigant.
Specifically, the length, width and height of the storage bin can be input into the PLC control device to calculate the volume of the storage bin, the type of the materials to be fumigated is selected to be matched with the density of the materials to be fumigated, or the existing weight and approximate volume of the materials are input, and the bulk density of the materials to be fumigated is calculated.
The choice of fumigant may be selected as desired, for example phosphine and/or sulfuryl fluoride.
S2, setting equipment parameter thresholds of the full-automatic fumigation equipment according to the volumes of the fumigant, the gas in the storage bin and the quality of the fumigated materials, wherein the equipment parameter thresholds comprise a first concentration threshold, a second concentration threshold and a temperature threshold.
Specifically, the volume of the fumigant and the gas in the bin and the mass of the fumigated material can be input into the PLC control device, so that the equipment parameter threshold of the full-automatic fumigating equipment is calculated.
Specifically, a calculation formula can be set in the PLC control device in advance according to experience, or according to a large amount of experimental data, the calculation formula in the PLC control device is obtained, and data such as the volumes of the fumigant and the gas in the storage bin, the quality of the fumigated materials and the like can be input into the calculation formula, so that the equipment parameter threshold of the full-automatic fumigating equipment is calculated. The full automation of the whole full-automatic fumigation equipment can be realized through the PLC control device.
It can be appreciated that in addition to the volume of fumigant, gas in the bin and the mass of fumigated material, more information can be input into the calculation formula to calculate the equipment parameter threshold of the fully automatic fumigating equipment more accurately. The more information can include the air output of the circulating fan, the air overflow amount of the storage bin or the circulating pipeline and other values. By the arrangement, the automation degree of the full-automatic fumigation equipment can be improved, and real one-key control is achieved. The operation of the whole full-automatic fumigation equipment can be realized as long as an operator is required to operate at a PLC control device at a place far away from the storage bin and the circulating device, so that the possibility of injury of the operator caused by the fumigant is reduced.
S3, controlling the full-automatic fumigation equipment according to the equipment parameter threshold, wherein the full-automatic fumigation equipment comprises:
s31, according to the relation between the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline and the first concentration threshold value detected by the first concentration detection device on the first pipeline, the mass flow controller is regulated, and the first switch valve is opened or closed.
Specifically, when the first concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline is greater than the first concentration threshold value, the mass flow controller is adjusted to reduce the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline.
S32, according to the second concentration detection device on the second pipeline, detecting the relation between the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline and the second concentration threshold value, adjusting the mass flow controller and opening or closing the first switch valve.
Specifically, when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is smaller than the second concentration threshold value, the mass flow controller is regulated so as to increase the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline; and when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is larger than a second concentration threshold value, closing the mass flow controller.
Specifically, S33, according to the relationship between the temperature value of the circulating gas in the first pipeline and the temperature threshold value detected by the temperature detection device on the first pipeline, the second switch valve on the fourth pipeline is opened or closed.
And when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature of the circulating gas in the first pipeline is greater than the temperature threshold value, the second switch valve is opened.
It will be appreciated that steps S31, S32 and S33 may be separate processing steps in a fully automated fumigation apparatus, with a sequential order in between.
In the control method of the full-automatic fumigation equipment, each valve, the mass flow controller, the first concentration detection device, the temperature detection device and the second concentration detection device can be connected with the PLC control device, so that the automation of the whole full-automatic fumigation equipment is realized, namely, after the parameter threshold value of the equipment is input into the PLC control device, the real one-key start-stop or one-key control effect can be realized, the automation degree of the full-automatic fumigation equipment is improved,
The following describes the use procedure of the fully automatic fumigating device according to the present invention in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, standard barns with the length of 40m, the width of 21m and the height of 5m are taken as storage bins, the storage quantity of the paddy is 3500 t/barn, the length, the width and the height of the storage bins are input into a PLC control device, the density of the input paddy is 1.2t/m 3, the weight value of the grains stored in the storage bins is calculated automatically by a program or a calculation formula in the PLC control device, the occupied volume of air in the storage bins is 1283m 3, 43L of high-pressure high-purity phosphine is selected as a fumigant, a Mass Flow Controller (MFC) is used for controlling the discharge gas flow of the high-pressure high-purity phosphine to be controlled to be 0-1000ml/min, the concentration of the fumigant in circulating gas is set to be 700ppm (second concentration threshold), the PLC control device is used for realizing automatic control and the opening or closing of the Mass Flow Controller (MFC), the interval sets up a plurality of spaced discharge gates on the third pipeline, promotes phosphine dilution homogeneity, prevents that phosphine local concentration from being too high and spontaneous combustion, installs temperature detection device (can be the thermometer in this embodiment) on the admission line that is close to circulating fan's air outlet department simultaneously (the spontaneous combustion temperature of phosphine is 38 ℃), and the temperature is once surpassing 30 ℃ (temperature threshold value) opens the second ooff valve, carries the fire retardant through the mode of pulse with liquid nitrogen and loops through in fourth pipeline, the third pipeline, first pipeline and the feed bin, uses ammonium carbamate as the fire retardant under release carbon dioxide and ammonia and then plays fire-retardant effect under the high temperature. The phosphine gas is sent into the first pipeline through the third pipeline and is positioned at the downstream of the air outlet of the circulating fan, the output frequency of the circulating fan is controlled according to 10000 times dilution, the circulating fan uses a variable frequency motor, a circulating water cooling mechanism is used in the motor to control the temperature of the centrifugal fan, the temperature of the circulating fan is not higher than 30 ℃, the risk of spontaneous combustion of phosphine caused by overheat of the fan is avoided, meanwhile, the outlet of the circulating fan and part of the first pipeline adopt a flat design to adapt to the design requirement that a plurality of discharge holes are arranged on the third pipeline at intervals, the effect that phosphine output from the discharge holes is instantaneously diluted to be less than 1% (a first concentration threshold value) by the gas in the first pipeline is realized (the explosion limit of phosphine is more than or equal to 1.79%), and the temperature of circulating air is lower than the spontaneous combustion temperature of phosphine (38 ℃) is ensured through double refrigeration of the circulating fan and liquid nitrogen. The first concentration detection device is arranged on the first pipeline, the second concentration detection device is arranged on the second pipeline, the first concentration detection device can be interlocked with a Mass Flow Controller (MFC), once the phosphine concentration in the first pipeline is higher than 1%, the output flow of the Mass Flow Controller (MFC) is automatically reduced, the phosphine concentration in circulating gas is ensured to be lower than the spontaneous combustion concentration and the explosion limit, the second concentration detection device can be interlocked with the Mass Flow Controller (MFC), once the phosphine concentration in the gas in the second pipeline is lower than 700ppm, the output flow of the phosphine is automatically adjusted according to the difference from 700ppm by the Mass Flow Controller (MFC), and once 700ppm is reached, the Mass Flow Controller (MFC) is automatically closed, and the output flow is used as the judgment basis of a gas Mass Flow Controller (MFC) switch, so that the phosphine concentration in the circulating gas finally reaches the set target value of 700 ppm. In order to ensure the safety of high-pressure phosphine in the first storage tank, a first switch valve and a protection cut-off valve are further arranged, remote control is adopted for remote start and stop by one key, and the safety of operators is ensured.
Example 2
The full-automatic fumigating device and the control method thereof in the embodiment are basically the same as those in embodiment 1, except that the types of the storage bin, the material to be fumigated and the fumigant are different, and the functions of part of the devices are also adjusted according to the different fumigants, so that the full-automatic fumigating device is suitable for various conditions.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a standard tobacco leaf storage warehouse with a length of 60m, a width of 20m and a height of 5m is taken as a storage bin, the tobacco leaf storage amount is 200 t/bin, a length and width high value of the storage bin is input into a PLC control device, the density of the input tobacco leaf is 42kg/m 3, tobacco leaf weight value is stored in the storage bin, a program or a calculation formula in the PLC control device can automatically calculate the volume occupied by air in the storage bin to be 1238m 3, 43L of high-pressure high-purity sulfuryl fluoride is selected as a fumigant, a Mass Flow Controller (MFC) is used for controlling the air flow rate of the high-pressure high-purity sulfuryl fluoride to be controlled to be 0-300ml/min, the fumigant concentration in circulating gas is set to be 50ppm (second concentration threshold), automatic control and the opening of the Mass Flow Controller (MFC) are realized through the PLC control device, a plurality of spaced discharge ports are arranged on a third pipeline, so that the dilution uniformity of sulfuryl fluoride is improved, and spontaneous combustion caused by local hydrogen phosphide concentration is prevented, meanwhile, a temperature detection device (which can be a thermometer in the embodiment, is installed on an air inlet pipeline near an air outlet of a circulating fan), and a pulse temperature threshold is controlled to be 20, and once the temperature exceeds 20m, namely, a first pipeline and a fourth pipeline is opened sequentially through a fourth pipeline and a third pipeline in a mode. In addition, sulfuryl fluoride gas is sent into the first pipeline through the third pipeline and is positioned at the downstream of the air outlet of the circulating fan, the output frequency of the circulating fan is controlled according to 20000 times dilution, a variable frequency motor is used by a motor of the circulating fan, a circulating water cooling mechanism is used in the circulating fan to control the temperature of the circulating fan, the temperature of the circulating fan is ensured not to be higher than 20 ℃, and the fumigated materials are prevented from deteriorating in the fumigating process due to overhigh temperature. The circulating fan outlet and part of the first pipeline are designed in a flat mode to adapt to the design requirement that a plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the third pipeline at intervals when fumigated, sulfuryl fluoride output from the discharge ports is instantaneously diluted by gas in the first pipeline, circulating air temperature is guaranteed to be lower than a temperature threshold value through double refrigeration of the circulating fan and liquid nitrogen pulse, a first concentration detection device is installed on the first pipeline, a second concentration detection device is installed on the second pipeline, the first concentration detection device can be interlocked with a Mass Flow Controller (MFC), once the concentration of sulfuryl fluoride in the first pipeline is higher than 3% (the first concentration threshold value), the output flow of the Mass Flow Controller (MFC) is automatically reduced, and the waste of sulfuryl fluoride caused by overhigh concentration of sulfuryl fluoride is prevented. The second concentration detection device can be interlocked with a Mass Flow Controller (MFC), once the concentration of sulfuryl fluoride in the gas in the second pipeline is lower than 50ppm, the Mass Flow Controller (MFC) keeps an open state to automatically adjust the output flow of sulfuryl fluoride according to the difference from 50ppm, and once 50ppm is reached, the Mass Flow Controller (MFC) is automatically closed, so that the sulfuryl fluoride concentration in the circulating gas reaches a set target value of 50ppm as a judgment basis of the switch of the gas Mass Flow Controller (MFC). In order to ensure the safety of the high-pressure sulfuryl fluoride in the first storage tank, a first switch valve and a protection cut-off valve are further arranged, and the safety of operators is ensured by remote control and remote one-key start and stop.
In this embodiment, since the sulfuryl fluoride has stable properties, it is generally not flammable or explosive, and therefore, the first concentration threshold may be used to avoid the waste of sulfuryl fluoride caused by the too high concentration. The temperature threshold can be used for preventing the fumigated material from deteriorating.
It can be seen from examples 1 and 2 that the fully automatic fumigating apparatus and the control method thereof of the present invention are applicable to not only flammable and explosive gaseous fumigants (e.g., phosphine) but also gaseous fumigants with relatively stable properties (e.g., sulfuryl fluoride), and have the advantage of wide applicability.
The invention relates to full-automatic fumigation equipment and a control method thereof, which select high-efficiency broad-spectrum gas pesticides (such as phosphine) as fumigants, calculate the internal volume of a discharge bin (or obtain the internal volume of the bin in other modes) through the length, width and height of an input bin, select the type to be fumigated to display the density of the fumigated materials, calculate the occupied volume of circulating gas according to the storage volume in the bin, select the motor power of a suitable circulating fan according to the volume of the circulating gas, set a second concentration threshold of the fumigants in the circulating gas, and maintain the concentration of the fumigants in the circulating gas at the second concentration threshold as much as possible through a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a Mass Flow Controller (MFC), thereby finally achieving the ideal fumigation effect.
The full-automatic fumigating equipment and the control method thereof can be popularized and applied to the fields of long-term storage, transportation and processing of grains, tobacco, leather, textile, wood and Chinese herbal medicines, and provide a solution for the property preservation of long-period international logistics.
In summary, the full-automatic fumigation equipment and the control method thereof ensure the safety, reliability and safety of the fumigation process through precise temperature and concentration control, further ensure the operation safety through the PLC control device and remote control one-key start-stop, avoid the risk possibly encountered by operators in the fumigation process, and simultaneously have higher automation degree. .
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (15)
1. A fully automatic fumigation apparatus, comprising:
The circulating device comprises a circulating fan, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein an air outlet of the circulating fan is communicated with the storage bin through the first pipeline, and an air inlet of the circulating fan is communicated with the storage bin through the second pipeline;
A first reservoir for storing a fumigant, the first reservoir being in communication with the first conduit via a third conduit;
a second tank for storing a coolant and/or a flame retardant, the second tank being in communication with the third conduit through a fourth conduit;
The temperature detection device is arranged on one end of the first pipeline close to the air outlet of the circulating fan and is used for detecting the temperature of circulating gas in the first pipeline;
the first concentration detection device is arranged on the first pipeline and positioned at the downstream of the third pipeline and is used for detecting the concentration of the fumigant in the circulating gas in the first pipeline.
2. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 1, in which said third conduit is provided with a plurality of spaced discharge ports, said third conduit being in communication with said first conduit via said discharge ports.
3. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 2, in which the cross section of the first conduit at the junction with the third conduit is flattened.
4. A fully automatic fumigation apparatus as defined in claim 3, in which the cross section of the outlet of the circulation fan is flat and the cross section of the junction of the first conduit with the outlet of the circulation fan is flat.
5. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 1, in which a mass flow controller is provided on said third conduit for displaying and regulating the flow of fumigant in the third conduit; and when the first concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline is larger than the first concentration threshold value, adjusting the mass flow controller to reduce the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline.
6. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 5, in which a second concentration detection means is provided on said second conduit for detecting the concentration of fumigant in the circulating gas in the second conduit, and when the second concentration detection means detects that the concentration of fumigant in the second conduit is less than a second concentration threshold, the mass flow controller is adjusted to increase the flow of fumigant in the third conduit; and when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is larger than a second concentration threshold value, closing the mass flow controller.
7. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus as defined in claim 1, in which said third conduit is further provided with a first on-off valve, said first on-off valve being located upstream of the junction of said fourth conduit and third conduit for opening or closing said third conduit.
8. The fully automatic fumigating apparatus of claim 1 wherein a second switch valve is provided on the fourth conduit, the second switch valve being opened when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature of the circulating gas in the first conduit is greater than a temperature threshold.
9. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a protective shut-off valve disposed on said third line adjacent said first line for opening or closing said third line.
10. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 1, in which said fumigant comprises phosphine and/or sulfuryl fluoride; and/or
The coolant comprises liquid nitrogen; and/or
The flame retardant includes ammonium carbamate.
11. The fully automatic fumigation apparatus defined in claim 1, in which a circulating water cooling mechanism is provided in said circulating fan to reduce the temperature of the circulating gas output by said circulating fan.
12. The control method of the full-automatic fumigation equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining the volume of gas in the bin and the mass of the material to be fumigated, and selecting a fumigant;
Setting equipment parameter thresholds of full-automatic fumigation equipment according to the volumes of the fumigant, the gas in the storage bin and the quality of the fumigated materials, wherein the equipment parameter thresholds comprise a first concentration threshold, a second concentration threshold and a temperature threshold;
controlling the fully automatic fumigation equipment according to an equipment parameter threshold, comprising:
according to the relation between the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline and the first concentration threshold value detected by a first concentration detection device on the first pipeline, a mass flow controller is regulated, and a first switch valve is opened or closed; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
According to the relation between the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline and the second concentration threshold value detected by a second concentration detection device on the second pipeline, adjusting a mass flow controller and opening or closing a first switch valve; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
And opening or closing a second switch valve on the fourth pipeline according to the relation between the temperature value of the circulating gas in the first pipeline and the temperature threshold value detected by the temperature detection device on the first pipeline.
13. The method of controlling a fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 12, wherein the steps of adjusting the mass flow controller and opening or closing the first on/off valve based on the magnitude of the first concentration detection means on the first conduit detecting the concentration value of the fumigant in the first conduit relative to the first concentration threshold value comprise:
And when the first concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the first pipeline is larger than the first concentration threshold value, adjusting the mass flow controller to reduce the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline.
14. The method of controlling a fully automatic fumigation apparatus of claim 12, in which the steps of adjusting the mass flow controller and opening or closing the first on-off valve based on the magnitude of the concentration value of the fumigant in the second conduit detected by the second concentration detection means on the second conduit and the second concentration threshold value comprise:
When the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is smaller than the second concentration threshold value, the mass flow controller is regulated so as to increase the flow rate of the fumigant in the third pipeline; and when the second concentration detection device detects that the concentration value of the fumigant in the second pipeline is larger than a second concentration threshold value, closing the mass flow controller.
15. The control method of a fully automatic fumigating apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the step of opening or closing the second switching valve on the fourth pipe according to the relationship between the temperature value of the circulating gas in the first pipe and the temperature threshold value detected by the temperature detecting means on the first pipe comprises:
And when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature of the circulating gas in the first pipeline is greater than the temperature threshold value, the second switch valve is opened.
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| CN202211321231.3A CN117958239A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Full-automatic fumigation equipment and control method thereof |
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| CN202211321231.3A CN117958239A (en) | 2022-10-26 | 2022-10-26 | Full-automatic fumigation equipment and control method thereof |
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