CN117955191A - Battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit and method based on temperature - Google Patents
Battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit and method based on temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN117955191A CN117955191A CN202211326177.1A CN202211326177A CN117955191A CN 117955191 A CN117955191 A CN 117955191A CN 202211326177 A CN202211326177 A CN 202211326177A CN 117955191 A CN117955191 A CN 117955191A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery equalization duty cycle regulating circuit and a method based on temperature, wherein the regulating circuit comprises: the system comprises a plurality of equalization discharging circuits, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of voltage sampling units, a micro control unit and an equalization module temperature sampling unit; each equalization discharging circuit is respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell to perform equalization discharging on the battery cell; the input end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the battery cell in parallel, and the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the micro control unit and is used for collecting the voltages at two ends of the battery cell and sending the voltages to the micro control unit; a plurality of battery cells are connected in series; the negative electrode of the last battery cell is respectively connected with the ground wire; the temperature sampling unit of the equalization module is connected with the micro-control unit. The adjusting circuit and the method are simple in implementation mode, and the balanced average current can be changed in a higher range without greatly influencing the temperature rise of the balancing module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery management, in particular to a battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit and method based on temperature.
Background
In a multi-parallel-serial battery management system, the equalization is usually realized by passive equalization, and an analog front-end chip with a fixed equalization duty ratio is mostly adopted, so that the average current for equalization can be limited to a certain range, the equalization efficiency is affected to a certain extent, and the best equalization effect cannot be provided.
In the multi-parallel-serial battery management system, when a certain voltage difference exists among battery cells connected in series, the multi-parallel-serial battery has unbalanced batteries. In order to solve the battery imbalance phenomenon, passive equalization is adopted in most practical applications.
During battery equalization, the cell voltage is not sampled. Therefore, in the case where both equalization and sampling are required, equalization can only be performed in the form of a switch, with cell voltage sampling alternating with equalization, with a duty cycle that is typically measured to measure the time of equalization, e.g., 75% duty cycle represents that 750ms is being equalized during a 1 second period, and the other 250ms is being cell voltage sampling is being performed, but not. The larger the duty cycle, the longer the equalization time, and the larger the average current to be equalized.
In most analog front end solutions, the duty cycle is fixed, so the average current to be equalized is also fixed, and if the average current to be equalized is too large, the temperature of the equalization module rises, affecting the reliability of the analog front end chip. If the average current is smaller, the equalization time will be longer, which affects the equalization effect and subsequent applications. The temperature rise caused by equalization cannot be weighed out and the effect of equalization efficiency cannot be balanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment circuit and method that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment circuit comprising: the system comprises a plurality of equalization discharging circuits, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of voltage sampling units, a micro control unit and an equalization module temperature sampling unit;
Each balanced discharge circuit is respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell to perform balanced discharge on the battery cell;
the input end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the battery cell in parallel, and the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the micro control unit and is used for collecting the voltages at two ends of the battery cell and sending the voltages to the micro control unit;
a plurality of the battery cells are connected in series;
The negative electrode of the last battery cell is respectively connected with a ground wire;
and the equalization module temperature sampling unit is connected with the micro-control unit.
Optionally, the equalizing discharge circuit specifically includes: MOS drive, field effect transistor and balanced discharge resistor;
One end of the MOS drive is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect transistor;
The other end of the MOS drive is connected with the micro control unit;
the drain electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with one end of the balanced discharge resistor;
The other end of the balanced discharge resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell;
And the cathode of the battery cell is connected with the source electrode of the field effect transistor.
The invention also provides a temperature-based battery balance duty cycle adjusting method, which is applied to the temperature-based battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit, and is characterized in that the adjusting method comprises the following steps:
Setting an initial value of the balance duty cycle as a maximum balance duty cycle value;
And determining that the battery cells need to be balanced according to the operation parameters in the current multi-parallel-serial battery management system, and adjusting the balanced duty ratio to balance the battery cells.
Optionally, the adjusting the balancing duty ratio to balance the battery cells specifically includes:
determining a battery monomer channel which is required to be balanced currently according to an equalization algorithm, and controlling the switch of the battery monomer channel to be balanced according to the maximum equalization duty ratio value;
acquiring the temperature of the equalization module to obtain the temperature of the equalization module;
determining that the temperature of the balancing module is greater than an adjustment threshold value, and adjusting the balancing duty ratio;
And determining that the balanced duty ratio is lower than the maximum balanced duty ratio value, and adjusting the balanced duty ratio according to temperature control of the balancing module.
Optionally, the adjusting the balanced duty cycle specifically includes:
decreasing the balanced duty cycle at a rate of 2%/5 min;
And determining that the balanced duty cycle is smaller than the balanced duty cycle minimum value, wherein the balanced duty cycle is equal to the balanced duty cycle minimum value, and returning to continuously judging whether the battery monomer needs to be balanced.
Optionally, the adjusting the equalizing duty ratio according to the temperature control of the equalizing module specifically includes:
the equalization module temperature is determined to be less than a safety threshold and to last for more than 5 minutes, and the equalization duty cycle is increased at a rate of 2%/5 minutes.
Optionally, after increasing the balanced duty cycle at a speed of 2%/5min, the method further includes:
And determining that the balanced duty cycle is larger than the balanced duty cycle maximum value, wherein the balanced duty cycle is equal to the balanced duty cycle maximum value, and returning to continuously judging whether the battery cell needs to be balanced.
Optionally, the maximum value of the balanced duty cycle is 90%, and the minimum value of the balanced duty cycle is 50%.
Optionally, the safety threshold is 30 ℃.
Optionally, the adjustment threshold is 40 ℃.
The invention provides a battery equalization duty cycle regulating circuit and a method based on temperature, wherein the regulating circuit comprises: the system comprises a plurality of equalization discharging circuits, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of voltage sampling units, a micro control unit and an equalization module temperature sampling unit; each equalization discharging circuit is respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell to perform equalization discharging on the battery cell; the input end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the battery cell in parallel, and the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the micro control unit and is used for collecting the voltages at two ends of the battery cell and sending the voltages to the micro control unit; a plurality of battery cells are connected in series; the negative electrode of the last battery cell is respectively connected with the ground wire; the temperature sampling unit of the equalization module is connected with the micro-control unit. The adjusting circuit and the method are simple in implementation mode, and the balanced average current can be changed in a higher range without greatly influencing the temperature rise of the balancing module. The equalization temperature can be maintained within a stable operating interval while maintaining optimal equalization efficiency.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of connection of a battery equalization duty cycle adjusting circuit based on temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting a battery balance duty cycle based on temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description embodiments of the invention and in the claims and drawings are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such as a series of steps or elements.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment circuit includes: 4 equalization discharging circuits, 4 battery cells 3,4 voltage sampling units 5, a micro control unit 6 and an equalization module temperature sampling unit 7;
Each equalization discharging circuit is respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 3 to perform equalization discharging on the battery cell 3; the equalization discharging circuit specifically comprises: a MOS drive 1, a field effect transistor 2 and an equalizing discharge resistor 3; one end of the MOS driver 1 is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect transistor 2; the other end of the MOS drive 1 is connected with a micro control unit 6; the drain electrode of the field effect transistor 2 is connected with one end of the balanced discharge resistor 3; the other end of the balance discharge resistor 3 is connected with the anode of the battery cell 4; the negative electrode of the battery cell 4 is connected to the source of the field effect transistor 3.
The input end of the voltage sampling unit 5 is connected with the battery cell 4 in parallel, and the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the micro control unit 6 and is used for collecting the voltages at two ends of the battery cell 4 and sending the voltages to the micro control unit 6;
a plurality of battery cells 4 are connected in series; the negative electrode of the last battery cell 4 is respectively connected with a ground wire;
the equalization module temperature sampling unit 7 is connected with the micro-control unit 6.
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment further provides a temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment method, and the adjustment method includes:
step 100: the initial value of the equalization duty cycle is set to 90% of the maximum equalization duty cycle value.
Step 200: judging whether the battery monomers need to be balanced or not according to the operation parameters in the current multi-parallel-serial battery management system, and if so, executing a step 300; otherwise, step 1400 is performed: equalization is stopped.
Step 300: and determining a battery cell channel which is required to be balanced currently according to an equalization algorithm, and controlling the switch of the battery cell channel to be equalized according to the maximum equalization duty ratio value.
Step 400: and acquiring the temperature of the equalization module to obtain the temperature of the equalization module.
Step 500: and judging whether the temperature of the equalization module is greater than the adjustment threshold value of 40 ℃, if so, executing step 600, otherwise, executing step 900.
Step 600: the balanced duty cycle is reduced at a rate of 2%/5 min.
Step 700: it is determined whether the balanced duty cycle is less than 50% of the minimum balanced duty cycle, if so, step 800 is performed, otherwise, the execution returns to step 200.
Step 800: setting the balanced duty cycle to the minimum value of the balanced duty cycle of 50%, and returning to the step 200;
step 900: judging whether the balanced duty cycle is lower than the maximum balanced duty cycle value by 90%, if so, executing step 1000; otherwise, go directly back to step 200.
Step 1000: judging whether the temperature of the equalization module is less than the safety threshold value of 30 ℃ and lasts for more than 5 minutes, if so, executing step 1100; otherwise, step 200 is performed.
Step 1100: the balanced duty cycle is increased at a rate of 2%/5 min.
Step 1200: judging whether the balanced duty cycle is greater than 90% of the maximum value of the balanced duty cycle; if so, execute step 1300; otherwise, go directly back to step 200.
Step 1300: the equalization duty cycle is set to the maximum equalization duty cycle value of 90% and step 200 is returned.
The beneficial effects are that: the adjusting circuit and the method are simple in implementation mode, and the balanced average current can be changed in a higher range without greatly influencing the temperature rise of the balancing module. The equalization temperature can be maintained within a stable operating interval while maintaining optimal equalization efficiency. By dynamically adjusting the equalization duty cycle based on the equalization temperature, the equalization temperature will remain within a stable and safe working interval after a certain time, and the equalization efficiency is optimal.
The equalization method and the circuit are relatively simple in implementation mode, and the equalization average current can be set in a higher range so as to improve the equalization efficiency of the multi-parallel-serial battery management system.
The foregoing detailed description of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment circuit, the adjustment circuit comprising: the system comprises a plurality of equalization discharging circuits, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of voltage sampling units, a micro control unit and an equalization module temperature sampling unit;
Each balanced discharge circuit is respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell to perform balanced discharge on the battery cell;
the input end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the battery cell in parallel, and the output end of the voltage sampling unit is connected with the micro control unit and is used for collecting the voltages at two ends of the battery cell and sending the voltages to the micro control unit;
a plurality of the battery cells are connected in series;
The negative electrode of the last battery cell is respectively connected with a ground wire;
and the equalization module temperature sampling unit is connected with the micro-control unit.
2. The multi-parallel-serial battery equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein said equalization discharge circuit specifically comprises: MOS drive, field effect transistor and balanced discharge resistor;
One end of the MOS drive is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect transistor;
The other end of the MOS drive is connected with the micro control unit;
the drain electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with one end of the balanced discharge resistor;
The other end of the balanced discharge resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery cell;
And the cathode of the battery cell is connected with the source electrode of the field effect transistor.
3.A temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment method applied to a temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment circuit as set forth in the preceding claims 1-2, characterized in that the adjustment method comprises:
Setting an initial value of the balance duty cycle as a maximum balance duty cycle value;
And determining that the battery cells need to be balanced according to the operation parameters in the current multi-parallel-serial battery management system, and adjusting the balanced duty ratio to balance the battery cells.
4. The method for adjusting the balance duty cycle of a battery based on temperature according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting the balance duty cycle to balance the battery cells specifically comprises:
determining a battery monomer channel which is required to be balanced currently according to an equalization algorithm, and controlling the switch of the battery monomer channel to be balanced according to the maximum equalization duty ratio value;
acquiring the temperature of the equalization module to obtain the temperature of the equalization module;
determining that the temperature of the balancing module is greater than an adjustment threshold value, and adjusting the balancing duty ratio;
And determining that the balanced duty ratio is lower than the maximum balanced duty ratio value, and adjusting the balanced duty ratio according to temperature control of the balancing module.
5. The method for adjusting a battery equalization duty cycle based on temperature of claim 4, wherein said adjusting an equalization duty cycle specifically comprises:
decreasing the balanced duty cycle at a rate of 2%/5 min;
And determining that the balanced duty cycle is smaller than the balanced duty cycle minimum value, wherein the balanced duty cycle is equal to the balanced duty cycle minimum value, and returning to continuously judging whether the battery monomer needs to be balanced.
6. The method for adjusting a battery equalization duty cycle based on temperature of claim 4, wherein said adjusting the equalization duty cycle based on the temperature control of the equalization module comprises:
the equalization module temperature is determined to be less than a safety threshold and to last for more than 5 minutes, and the equalization duty cycle is increased at a rate of 2%/5 minutes.
7. The method for adjusting the balanced duty cycle of a battery based on temperature according to claim 6, wherein after increasing the balanced duty cycle at a rate of 2%/5min, further comprising:
And determining that the balanced duty cycle is larger than the balanced duty cycle maximum value, wherein the balanced duty cycle is equal to the balanced duty cycle maximum value, and returning to continuously judging whether the battery cell needs to be balanced.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the maximum value of the equalizing duty cycle is 90% and the minimum value of the equalizing duty cycle is 50%.
9. The method of temperature-based battery equalization duty cycle adjustment of claim 6, wherein said safety threshold is 30 ℃.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the adjustment threshold is 40 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211326177.1A CN117955191A (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | Battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit and method based on temperature |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211326177.1A CN117955191A (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | Battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit and method based on temperature |
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| CN117955191A true CN117955191A (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| CN202211326177.1A Pending CN117955191A (en) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | Battery balance duty cycle adjusting circuit and method based on temperature |
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- 2022-10-27 CN CN202211326177.1A patent/CN117955191A/en active Pending
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