CN117954269A - Functional partition's contact piece and vacuum interrupter who uses thereof - Google Patents

Functional partition's contact piece and vacuum interrupter who uses thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117954269A
CN117954269A CN202410161596.7A CN202410161596A CN117954269A CN 117954269 A CN117954269 A CN 117954269A CN 202410161596 A CN202410161596 A CN 202410161596A CN 117954269 A CN117954269 A CN 117954269A
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China
Prior art keywords
contact
blade
contact blade
moving
excitation
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CN202410161596.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马慧
张一瑞
程豪
杨岳珩
耿英三
刘志远
王建华
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN202410161596.7A priority Critical patent/CN117954269A/en
Publication of CN117954269A publication Critical patent/CN117954269A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The contact blade of the functional partition and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber applied by the contact blade are characterized in that the material partition number of the contact blade of the functional partition is more than or equal to 2, and the material partition is axially symmetrical and gradually changed from the center of the contact blade to the edge of the contact blade; the contact materials in different areas are different in alloy types or alloy component proportions; the superposition and the progression of the contact materials in each region in different functional requirements of the electrical characteristics of the high-voltage vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are realized; the contact materials of different areas are selected according to the electrical characteristics; the characteristics of short-circuit current break, insulation voltage resistance and capacitive current break of the contact blade are improved through the combination design of different contact materials; the invention also discloses a contact structure and a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber adopting the contact blade; according to the invention, through the combined design of different contact materials, the characteristics of short-circuit current break, insulation voltage resistance and capacitive current break of the contact are improved.

Description

Functional partition's contact piece and vacuum interrupter who uses thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage vacuum circuit breakers, and particularly relates to a contact blade with a functional partition and a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber applied by the contact blade.
Background
With the development of electric power systems, the application of vacuum circuit breakers and related vacuum breaking technical equipment in the whole electric power system is rapidly developed. The vacuum interrupter is a core component of a vacuum circuit breaker, and can rapidly extinguish an arc and suppress current after a circuit power is cut off by virtue of an insulating property of a high vacuum inside the vacuum circuit breaker. The contact material directly determines the metal vapor behavior of the contact material by providing the metal vapor for maintaining the vacuum arc, is an important factor for determining the performance of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and can ensure the inter-electrode voltage-resistant performance only when the contact material has small thermal conductivity, high melting point and boiling point and high mechanical strength and hardness.
The technical route of copper-chromium contact materials which are widely used at present is still adopted in the vacuum circuit breaker with high voltage level. Copper has low thermionic emission capability, good heat conduction and electric conduction ensure good breaking capability, chromium hard brittleness ensures that the contact has good pressure resistance and fusion welding resistance, and the affinity capability of chromium and oxygen in the current breaking process ensures that the contact has a large amount of air suction capability in the current zero crossing process, thereby being beneficial to breaking of large current.
When the chromium content is high, the hardness of the contact material is increased, the pressure resistance is improved, but the too high chromium content affects the conductivity and the heat dissipation performance of the contact, and the contact is not good for switching. The common alloy has a chromium component accounting for 10% -50%, and researches show that the alloy with 30% of chromium content has the maximum breaking capacity, and when the chromium content is more than 50%, the breaking capacity is reduced by continuously increasing the chromium content. The high voltage class vacuum circuit breaker has different demands on contact materials in terms of short circuit current break, high voltage insulation withstand voltage and capacitive current break.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the electrical characteristic requirements of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker contact on different contact materials, the invention provides a contact blade with a functional partition and a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber applied by the contact blade, wherein the contact blade is a novel contact blade with the functional partition material; the contact materials on the surface of the contact are more than or equal to two, and the contact edge area uses the contact material with higher Cr content so as to improve the insulation voltage resistance of the contact; the contact center area uses a contact material with lower Cr content, so that the anode spot critical current of the contact is improved, and the short-circuit current switching-on and switching-off capacity of the contact is improved; the annular area in the middle of the contact uses CuW or other contact materials to improve the capacitive opening and closing characteristics of the contact.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The contact blade with the functional partitions is characterized in that the number of the material partitions of the contact blade is more than or equal to 2, and the material partitions are axially symmetrically and stepwise changed from the center of the contact blade to the edge of the contact blade; the contact materials in different areas are different in alloy types or alloy component proportions; the superposition and the progression of the contact materials in each region in different functional requirements of the electrical characteristics of the high-voltage vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are realized; the contact materials of different areas are selected according to the electrical characteristics; the short-circuit current breaking, insulation voltage resistance and capacitive current breaking characteristics of the contact blade are improved through the combination design of different contact materials.
The contact blade material zone number is 3, and comprises a contact edge area 116, a contact center area 114 and a contact middle annular area 115;
The contact edge area 116 is made of CuCr alloy material with the Cr component accounting for 45% -70% of the contact to improve the insulation voltage resistance of the contact; the contact center area 114 is made of CuCr alloy material with the Cr component accounting for 15% -40%, so that the anode spot critical current of the contact is improved, and the short-circuit current switching-on and switching-off capacity of the contact is improved; the contact middle annular region 115 adopts CuW or alloy material containing Sb, te, fe, co or Mo to realize the improvement of the capacitive breaking property of the contact.
The direct combination of the different contact material areas on the contact blade is that the inner side of the contact edge area 116 is a bottom supporting structure, and the contact center area structure 114 and the contact middle annular area structure 115 are welded on the bottom supporting structure; or the bottom of the contact center region structure 114 is provided with a supporting structure with larger diameter, and the contact edge region structure 116 and the contact middle annular region structure 115 are welded on the supporting structure at the bottom of the contact center region structure 114; or the contact middle annular region structure 115 is provided with a supporting welding structure, and the contact edge region structure 116 and the contact center region structure 114 are welded on the supporting welding structure provided with the contact middle annular region structure 115; or a separate contact blade bottom support structure 117 is designed, and the contact center region structure 114, the contact center annular region structure 115, and the contact edge region structure 116 are welded to the separate contact blade bottom support structure 117.
A contact structure of a contact blade with a functional partition comprises a static end contact structure 201 and a moving end contact structure 202; the static end contact structure 201 comprises a static end excitation contact seat 106 and the contact pieces with the functional partitions as static end contact pieces 107, and one side of the annular column end of the static end excitation contact seat 106 is coaxially connected with the static end contact pieces 107;
the moving-end contact structure 202 includes a moving-end excitation contact base 109 and the functionally partitioned contact pieces as moving-end contact pieces 108, and one side of the annular column end of the moving-end excitation contact base 109 is coaxially connected with the moving-end contact pieces 108.
The static end excitation contact seat 106 and the moving end excitation contact seat 109 are coil-type excitation contact seats or cup-shaped slotting excitation contact seats.
The vacuum interrupter, the vacuum interrupter includes the contact structure of contact blade that has the functional subregion, with quiet end excitation contact seat 106, movable end excitation contact seat 109 one side central plane coaxial coupling's quiet end conducting rod 103, movable end conducting rod 110 respectively, the vacuum interrupter quiet end cover plate 101 of welding on quiet end conducting rod 103, the quiet end insulating housing 104 of being connected with the quiet end apron 101 of vacuum interrupter, the movable end insulating housing 111 of being connected with quiet end insulating housing 104, the vacuum interrupter movable end apron 113 of arranging in the explosion chamber downside welding on movable end conducting rod 110, the inside quiet end shield 102, central shield 105 and the movable end shield 112 that distributes from top to bottom of vacuum interrupter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following innovation points and advantages:
1) Aiming at the electrical characteristic requirements of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker contact on different contact materials, a novel contact blade design scheme with a functional partition material is provided; the contact materials on the surface of the contact are more than or equal to 2, the contact materials with higher Cr content are used in the edge area of the contact, the contact materials with lower Cr content are used in the center plane of the contact, and the contact materials with CuW or other components are used in the annular area in the middle of the contact.
2) The design scheme of the contact material composition of the surface layer of the contact blade is provided, and the characteristics of short-circuit current break, insulation voltage resistance and capacitive current break of the contact are improved through the combination design of different contact materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a design structure of a novel contact blade with a functional partitioning material.
Fig. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of a direct combination of different contact materials on a contact blade of the present invention with a contact edge area structure as a bottom support structure.
Fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of a direct combination of different contact materials on a contact blade with a larger diameter support structure at the bottom of the contact center area structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (c) is a schematic diagram of a direct combination of different contact materials on a contact blade with a contact center annular region structure supporting a weld structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 (d) is a schematic diagram of the direct combination of different contact materials on a contact blade of the present invention designed for a single contact blade bottom support structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic contact structure diagram of a cup-shaped slotted excitation contact base with a functionally partitioned contact blade according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a moving-end contact when the moving-end excitation contact base of the present invention is a cup-shaped slotted excitation contact base.
Fig. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the stationary end contact when the stationary end excitation contact base of the present invention is a cup-shaped slotted excitation contact base.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a vacuum interrupter with a functionally partitioned contact blade configuration of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a contact blade structure with functional zones, wherein the number of material zones of the contact blade is greater than or equal to 2, and the material zones are changed step by step in an axisymmetric manner from the center of the contact blade to the edge of the contact blade; the contact materials of different sections are different in alloy type or alloy composition ratio. The number of sections of the contact sheet material of this embodiment is 3. As shown in fig. 1, includes a contact edge region 116, a contact center region 114, and a contact center annular region 115; the contact edge area 116 is made of CuCr alloy material with higher Cr content of 45% -70% so as to improve the insulation voltage resistance of the contact; the contact center area 114 is made of CuCr alloy material with lower Cr content of 15% -40%, so that the anode spot critical current of the contact is improved, and the short-circuit current breaking capacity of the contact is increased; the contact middle annular region 115 adopts CuW or alloy material containing Sb, te, fe, co or Mo to realize the improvement of the capacitive breaking property of the contact.
Fig. 2 (a), fig. 2 (b), fig. 2 (c) and fig. 2 (d) are schematic diagrams of direct combinations of different contact materials on the contact blade according to the invention. As shown in fig. 2 (a), the direct combination of the different contact material areas on the contact blade may be such that the inner side of the contact edge area 116 is a bottom support structure, and the contact center area 114 and the contact middle annular area 115 are welded on the bottom support structure with the contact edge area structure 116; as shown in fig. 2 (b), the bottom of the contact center region structure 114 may be provided with a supporting structure with a larger diameter, and the contact edge region structure 116 and the contact middle annular region structure 115 are welded to the supporting structure at the bottom of the contact center region structure 114; as shown in fig. 2 (c), the contact middle annular region structure 115 may be provided with a supporting welding structure, and the contact edge region structure 116 and the contact center region structure 114 are welded on the supporting welding structure provided with the contact middle annular region structure 115; as shown in fig. 2 (d), it is also possible to design a separate contact blade bottom support structure 117, and the contact center region structure 114, the contact middle annular region structure 115, and the contact edge region structure 116 are welded to the separate contact blade bottom support structure 117.
Fig. 3 is a schematic contact structure diagram of an excitation contact base with a functionally partitioned contact blade, which is a cup-shaped slotted excitation contact base. Fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are sectional views of a moving end contact and a stationary end contact, respectively, when the exciting contact holder of the present invention is a cup-shaped slotted exciting contact holder. As shown in fig. 3, a contact structure of a contact blade with functional partitions includes a fixed-end contact structure 201 and a movable-end contact structure 202; the static end contact structure 201 comprises a static end excitation contact seat 106 and a contact blade with a functional partition as a static end contact blade 107; the moving-end contact structure 202 includes a moving-end excitation contact base 109 and a contact piece with a functional partition as a moving-end contact piece 108; as shown in fig. 4 (a), the movable-end excitation contact holder 109 is coaxially connected to the movable-end contact piece 108 on the side of the annular column end. As shown in fig. 4 (b), the stationary-end excitation contact base 106 is coaxially connected to the stationary-end contact piece 107 on the annular-column-end side.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a vacuum interrupter with a functionally partitioned contact blade configuration of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the arrangement of the guide rods and contacts in the vacuum interrupter is the same as that of the conventional interrupter. From top to bottom, the arc extinguishing chamber static end cover plate 101 and the static end conductive rod 103 passing through the center of the arc extinguishing chamber static end cover plate 101 are arranged in sequence. The stationary-end contact structure 201 is composed of a contact piece with a functional section as the stationary-end contact piece 107 and the stationary-end excitation contact piece holder 106. One side of the annular column end of the static end excitation contact seat 106 is coaxially connected with a static end contact blade 107, and the center plane of the other side is coaxially welded with a static end conducting rod 103. The arc chute static end cap plate 101 is connected to a static end insulating housing 104. The stationary-end insulating housing 104 is connected to the moving-end insulating housing 111. The vacuum interrupter moving end cover plate 113 is disposed at the lower side of the interrupter and connected to the moving end conductive rod 110. The moving-end contact structure 202 is composed of a contact piece with a functional partition as the moving-end contact piece 108 and a moving-end excitation contact piece holder 109. One side of the annular column end of the movable end excitation contact seat 109 is coaxially connected with the movable end contact blade 108, and the center plane of the other side is coaxially welded with the movable end conducting rod 110. Inside the arc extinguishing chamber, there are distributed from top to bottom a stationary end shield 102, a central shield 105 and a moving end shield 112.
The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above and modifications and variations of a functionally partitioned contact blade of the invention and its applied vacuum interrupter may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the invention. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. A functionally partitioned contact blade, characterized by: the number of the material partitions of the contact blade is more than or equal to 2, and the material partitions are axially symmetrically and gradually changed from the center of the contact blade to the edge of the contact blade; the contact materials in different areas are different in alloy types or alloy component proportions; the superposition and the progression of the contact materials in each region in different functional requirements of the electrical characteristics of the high-voltage vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are realized; the contact materials of different areas are selected according to the electrical characteristics; the short-circuit current breaking, insulation voltage resistance and capacitive current breaking characteristics of the contact blade are improved through the combination design of different contact materials.
2. A functionally partitioned contact blade according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the contact blade material subareas is 3, and the contact blade material subareas comprise a contact edge area (116), a contact center area (114) and a contact middle annular area (115);
The contact edge area (116) is made of CuCr alloy material with the Cr component accounting for 45% -70% of the contact to improve the insulation voltage resistance of the contact; the central area (114) of the contact adopts a CuCr alloy material with a Cr component accounting for 15% -40%, so that the anode spot critical current of the contact is improved, and the short-circuit current switching-on and switching-off capacity of the contact is improved; and the annular area (115) in the middle of the contact adopts CuW or alloy material containing Sb, te, fe, co or Mo to realize the improvement of the capacitive breaking property of the contact.
3. A functionally partitioned contact blade according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: the direct combination of different contact material areas on the contact blade is that the inner side of a contact edge area (116) is provided with a bottom layer supporting structure, and a contact center area structure (114) and a contact middle annular area structure (115) are welded on the bottom layer supporting structure; or the bottom of the contact center area structure (114) is provided with a supporting structure with larger diameter, and the contact edge area structure (116) and the contact middle annular area structure (115) are welded on the supporting structure at the bottom of the contact center area structure (114); or the contact middle annular area structure (115) is provided with a supporting welding structure, and the contact edge area structure (116) and the contact center area structure (114) are welded on the supporting welding structure provided with the contact middle annular area structure (115); or designing a single contact blade bottom supporting structure (117), wherein the contact center area structure (114), the contact middle annular area structure (115) and the contact edge area structure (116) are welded on the single contact blade bottom supporting structure (117).
4. A contact structure of a contact blade with functional partitions, characterized in that: comprises a static end contact structure (201) and a movable end contact structure (202);
the static end contact structure (201) comprises a static end excitation contact seat (106) and the contact blade of the functional partition as a static end contact blade (107), wherein one side of the annular column end of the static end excitation contact seat (106) is coaxially connected with the static end contact blade (107);
the moving-end contact structure (202) comprises a moving-end excitation contact seat (109) and the functionally partitioned contact pieces as the moving-end contact pieces (108) and the moving-end excitation contact seat (109), wherein one side of the end part of the annular column is coaxially connected with the moving-end contact pieces (108).
5. A contact structure of a contact blade with functional zones according to claim 4, characterized in that: the static end excitation contact seat (106) and the movable end excitation contact seat (109) are coil type excitation contact seats or cup-shaped slotting excitation contact seats.
6. A vacuum interrupter, characterized in that: the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber comprises the contact structure of the contact blade with the functional partition, which is defined in any one of claims 4-5, a static end conducting rod (103) and a moving end conducting rod (110) which are coaxially connected with a static end excitation contact seat (106) and a side central plane of a moving end excitation contact seat (109) respectively, a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber static end cover plate (101) welded on the static end conducting rod (103), a static end insulating shell (104) connected with the static end cover plate (101) of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a moving end insulating shell (111) connected with the static end insulating shell (104), a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber moving end cover plate (113) arranged at the lower side of the arc-extinguishing chamber and welded on the moving end conducting rod (110), and a static end shielding cover (102), a central shielding cover (105) and a moving end shielding cover (112) which are distributed from top to bottom in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber.
CN202410161596.7A 2024-02-05 2024-02-05 Functional partition's contact piece and vacuum interrupter who uses thereof Pending CN117954269A (en)

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CN202410161596.7A CN117954269A (en) 2024-02-05 2024-02-05 Functional partition's contact piece and vacuum interrupter who uses thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410161596.7A CN117954269A (en) 2024-02-05 2024-02-05 Functional partition's contact piece and vacuum interrupter who uses thereof

Publications (1)

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CN117954269A true CN117954269A (en) 2024-04-30

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