CN117950191A

CN117950191A - Display module and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117950191A
Application number: CN202410274446.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘炜程
Original assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2024-03-11
Filing date: 2024-03-11
Publication date: 2024-04-30

Abstract

The application discloses a display module and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of display. The display module comprises a display screen, a first polarizing element, a semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, a grating assembly and a second polarizing element, wherein the display screen emits light rays in different directions, the light rays are polarized into first circularly polarized light through the first polarizing element, the first circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, the first circularly polarized light is modulated into first linearly polarized light through the grating assembly and then reflected into third circularly polarized light through the second polarizing element, the third circularly polarized light is modulated into the grating assembly through the grating assembly, the second linearly polarized light is modulated into second linearly polarized light through the grating assembly, the second polarized light is emitted through the second polarizing element, the grating assembly comprises a plurality of grating structures, and the first circularly polarized light entering different grating structures in different incident directions is modulated into linearly polarized light in the same polarization direction through different grating structures.

Description

Display module and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of display, and particularly relates to a display module and electronic equipment.

Background

Currently, with the development of electronic technology, electronic devices are increasingly widely used, for example, augmented Reality (Augmented Reality, AR) devices, virtual Reality (VR) devices, etc. have been widely used in daily life. The AR device, the VR device, etc. are generally provided with a display device, where the display device includes a display and a light guide assembly, and the light guide assembly can guide light emitted by the display to eyes of a user, so that the user can see an image displayed by the display.

The common light guide component is provided with a 1/4 wave plate and a reflective polarizer, light rays emitted by the display can sequentially pass through the 1/4 wave plate and the reflective polarizer, the 1/4 wave plate can modulate the polarization state of the light rays according to the phase delay principle, and after the light rays modulated by the 1/4 wave plate are irradiated on the reflective polarizer, the reflective polarizer can transmit the light rays in certain polarization directions and the light rays in other polarization directions through reflection so as to transmit the light rays emitted by the display into eyes of a user.

However, since the 1/4 wave plate has poor modulation effect on the light with a larger incident angle, when the light with a larger incident angle is modulated by the 1/4 wave plate, the polarization direction of the light may deviate, so that after the light irradiates the reflective polarizer, part of the light which is supposed to be reflected is emitted through the reflective polarizer, and therefore, the display device may generate a ghost phenomenon.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a display module and electronic equipment, which at least solve the technical problems that the display module is easy to generate ghost phenomenon and influence the look and feel of a user.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application is realized as follows:

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display module, including a display screen, a first polarizing element, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, a grating assembly, and a second polarizing element, which are sequentially disposed;

Light rays in different directions emitted by the display screen are polarized into first circularly polarized light through the first polarizing element, the first circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film, the first linearly polarized light is modulated into first linearly polarized light through the grating assembly and then reflected to the grating assembly through the second polarizing element, the second circularly polarized light is modulated into second circularly polarized light through the grating assembly and then reflected into third circularly polarized light through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film, the third circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly, and the second linearly polarized light is modulated into second linearly polarized light through the grating assembly and then is emitted through the second polarizing element;

the grating component comprises a plurality of grating structures, and first circularly polarized light entering different grating structures in different incident directions is modulated into linearly polarized light in the same polarization direction through the different grating structures.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a display module set as in the first aspect.

In an embodiment of the present application, the grating assembly in the display module may include a plurality of grating structures, and the first circularly polarized light entering different grating structures in the plurality of grating structures in different incident directions may obtain linearly polarized light in the same polarization direction after being modulated by the different grating structures. Through this scheme, because the circular polarized light of different incident directions can be with the different grating structures in the grating subassembly, modulate into the linear polarized light that polarization direction is unanimous for the incident direction of circular polarized light can not influence the polarization direction of linear polarized light, thereby can avoid the great circular polarized light of incident angle, after modulating into linear polarized light via the grating subassembly, the polarization direction of linear polarized light produces the deviation, leads to the second polarization piece can not totally reflect this first linear polarized light, and then can avoid the display module assembly to produce the ghost phenomenon, improve user's impression.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art grating assembly;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art display device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a grating assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram III of a display module according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a grating assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a grating assembly disposed on a planar lens in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a grating assembly disposed on a curved lens in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a grating assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a grating assembly according to a second embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 13 is a fifth schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the application;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the application.

Reference numerals:

a display module 100;

A display screen 1, a first polarizing member 2, a half mirror 3, a first lens 31, and a half mirror film 32;

grating assembly 4, grating structure 41a, grating structure 42a, grating unit 421a, grating structure 43a, grating structure 41b, grating structure 42b, grating structure 421b, grating structure 43b, grating structure 44b;

a second polarizer 5, a second lens 6;

A first circularly polarized light 101, a first linearly polarized light 102, a reflected linearly polarized light 103, a second circularly polarized light 104, a third circularly polarized light 105, a second linearly polarized light 106;

Ray 201a, ray 202a, ray 203a, ray 201b, ray 202b, ray 203b, ray 204b;

A transmissive portion 200, a gate portion 300;

Display device 400, display panel 401, circular polarizer 402, half mirror 403,1/4 wave plate 404, reflective polarizer 405, and lens 406.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the like or similar elements throughout or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims may be used for descriptive or implicit inclusion of one or more such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "axial," "radial," "upper," "inner," "outer," "long," "short," "both sides," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Terms related to the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

1. Grating assembly

The grating element is an optical element having a periodic structure, which may be peaks and valleys embossed out of the surface of the material, causing a periodic variation of the refractive index n (refractive index) in the material. Moreover, the period of the grating component is generally in the micro-nano level and is in an order of magnitude with the wavelength of visible light of 380-780 nm, so that the grating component can effectively deflect and control the light under the condition that the period of the grating component is in the same order of magnitude with the wavelength of visible light.

It should be noted that the grating assembly is also called a diffraction grating, and as shown in fig. 1, the grating assembly may include a transmissive portion 200 and a grating portion 300.

Illustratively, the diffraction principle of the diffraction grating may be represented by a grating equation, i.e., sinα+sinβ=mλ/nd, where α is an incident angle of incident light, β is a diffraction angle or an exit angle of exit light, λ is a wavelength of the incident light, d is a grating constant of the diffraction grating, the grating constants of the same grating structure are generally the same, m is a diffraction order, and n is a refractive index of the material of the transmission portion 200. It should be noted that h1 in fig. 1 is the thickness of the grating portion 300, h2 is the thickness of the transmissive portion 200, d is the grating period, and r is the width (also referred to as the ridge width) of the individual grating portion 300.

It should be noted that, when the light irradiates the grating portion 300 of the grating assembly, the light is split into several diffraction order light beams, and each diffraction order light beam may continue to propagate in a different direction. In general, the diffraction order light includes a reflection type diffraction light and a transmission type diffraction light, wherein the diffraction order light may form a reflection type diffraction light after being reflected by the grating portion 300, and the diffraction order light may form a transmission type diffraction light after being emitted through the transmission portion 200.

In addition, the grating component also has a phase modulation function, and when polarized light passes through the grating component, the grating component can change the polarization state of the polarized light by changing the phase difference between o light and e light of the polarized light. For example, circularly polarized light may be changed to linearly polarized light after passing through the grating assembly, and linearly polarized light may be changed to circularly polarized light after passing through the grating assembly.

It should be noted that based on the jones matrix and the tightly coupled wave theory (Rigorous Coupled WAVE ANALYSIS, RCWA), the polarization state and the vibration direction of the light rays emitted through the grating assembly can be controlled by changing the grating parameters, e.g., geometry, of the grating assembly.

2. Polarized light

Polarized light is a light ray in which polarization occurs. The polarization phenomenon refers to a phenomenon that the spatial distribution of the electric vector vibration of the light waves loses symmetry with respect to the propagation direction of the light. Polarized light generally includes linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light.

Linearly polarized light is, for example, polarized light in which the light vector vibrates in only one fixed direction in the direction of propagation of the light.

By circularly polarized light is meant, for example, polarized light whose light vector is constantly rotating in the direction of propagation of the light, its size being constant, but the direction being regularly changing over time. It should be noted that two polarized components of the same frequency with equal amplitude, orthogonal vibration direction and phase difference of + -pi/2 can be superimposed to synthesize a circularly polarized light. In general, the two polarization components are o light and e light, where o light (ordinary ray) is a light beam with a constant refractive index regardless of the direction from which the light is incident when propagating in the crystal, and e light (extraordinary ray) is a light beam that vibrates perpendicularly to the o light beam, and since the vibration direction is perpendicular to the o light beam, when the e light beam propagates in different directions, different refractive indexes occur. The circularly polarized light synthesized when the phase difference of the o light and the e light is +pi/2 is left circularly polarized light, that is, the polarized light is observed against the light wave, and the polarization direction of the polarized light is rotated counterclockwise. The circularly polarized light synthesized when the phase difference of the o light and the e light is-pi/2 is right circularly polarized light, that is, the polarized light is observed against the light wave, and the polarization direction of the polarized light is rotated clockwise. It should be noted that, since the propagation direction of the reflected light changes, the circularly polarized light that is originally rotated counterclockwise is converted into circularly polarized light that is rotated clockwise when the left circularly polarized light is reflected, that is, the left circularly polarized light is converted into right circularly polarized light after being reflected.

3. Polarizing element

The polarizing element is an element capable of generating polarized light, and includes an absorption type polarizing element (transmission type) and a reflection type polarizing element.

Illustratively, an absorbing polarizer is used to transmit the desired polarization and absorb the remainder, and a reflective polarizer is used to reflect the polarization. Generally, the absorbing polarizer includes a linear polarizer, a circular polarizer, and the like. The linear polarizer is a polarizer capable of generating linearly polarized light, and the circular polarizer is a polarizer capable of generating circularly polarized light.

Illustratively, the reflective polarizer includes a reflective polarizer, a reflective grating, or the like. The reflective polarizing plate is a polarizing plate capable of reflecting linearly polarized light perpendicular to the direction of its own optical axis and transmitting linearly polarized light parallel to its own optical axis. The reflection grating is a grating structure capable of reflecting linearly polarized light perpendicular to the extending direction of the own grating and transmitting linearly polarized light parallel to the extending direction of the own grating.

4. Wafer (Pancake) optical system

Generally, pancake optical systems refer to a slim, lightweight, thin-lens optical system. The principle is based on the polarized light principle, the design thought of a folding light path is adopted, after the light rays of an image source pass through a beam splitter with a semi-reflection and semi-transmission function, the light rays are repeatedly turned back among the beam splitter, a phase retarder and a reflective polarizing film, and finally are emitted out of the reflective polarizing film to enter human eyes, so that the human eyes can watch the image source.

5. Virtual reality technology

Virtual Reality (VR) technology is a brand new practical technology developed in the 20 th century. The virtual reality technology comprises a computer, electronic information and simulation technology, and the basic implementation mode is that the computer simulates a virtual environment so as to bring the sense of environmental immersion. VR means creating a virtual space through an external device in which people can watch movies and games. Typically, VR devices are a type of head-mounted eyeglass apparatus configured with multiple cameras.

6. Augmented reality technology

Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR), a technology that combines real world with virtual information based on computer real-time computation and multisensor fusion. The technology simulates and re-outputs visual sense, hearing sense, smell sense, touch sense and other experiences of people, and superimposes virtual information on real information, so that experience exceeding the real world experience is provided for people. AR glasses are a head-mounted glasses device configured with a plurality of cameras and sensors.

In recent years, with the development of electronic technology, electronic devices are increasingly widely used, and common Near-to-eye display (NED) devices include VR devices and AR devices. The AR equipment, VR equipment and the like are internally provided with display devices, each display device comprises a display and a relatively complex optical-mechanical structure, and the optical-mechanical structure can transmit images displayed by the display to eyes of people so that the eyes of the people can see the images displayed by the display.

VR optomechanical structures in VR devices are devices that integrate optical and mechanical technology into one for providing immersive virtual reality experiences. Among them, the lens structure design of VR optoarchitectures has been one of the key factors for their development. Early VR ray machines used aspheric lenses as optical elements, which provided a larger field angle and less distortion, but at a very high cost.

Over time and with technological advances, fresnel lenses are currently the solution of choice for most VR devices at low cost and with controllable imaging quality. However, as VR devices gradually penetrate and rise in consumer-level markets, consumers have placed higher demands on VR's light and thin, imaging quality, wear experience. Therefore, the Pancake optical system based on the folded light path principle is applied to the lens structure, and the ultra-short focal lens structure formed by the Pancake optical system gradually becomes the development and evolution direction of consumer-grade VR equipment with light and thin, excellent imaging quality and gradually mature mass production technology.

At present, a common display device adopting a Pancake optical system mainly utilizes a beam splitter, a phase delay sheet and a reflective polarizer to realize multiple reflection of polarized light, reduces the whole weight of an optical machine structure through the principle of a folding light path, and meets the requirement of light and thin equipment. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a conventional display device using Pancake optical systems. As shown in fig. 2, the display device 400 includes a display 401, a circular polarizing plate 402, a half-reflecting half-lens 403, a 1/4 wave plate 404, a reflective polarizing plate 405 and a lens 406, wherein light emitted from the display 401 passes through the circular polarizing plate 402 and becomes right-handed circularly polarized light, the right-handed circularly polarized light passes through the 1/4 wave plate 404 and becomes vertical linearly polarized light, the vertical linearly polarized light passes through the reflective polarizing plate 405 and becomes linearly polarized light with the same polarization direction, the linear polarized light passes through the 1/4 wave plate 404 and becomes right-handed circularly polarized light, the right-handed circularly polarized light passes through the half-reflecting half-lens 403 and is reflected into left-handed circularly polarized light, the left-handed circularly polarized light passes through the 1/4 wave plate 404 and becomes horizontal polarized light again, and the horizontal polarized light can be transmitted into human eyes through the lens 406 because the horizontal polarized light can be emitted.

However, pancake optical systems require multiple refraction and reflection, which causes a number of problems, in which the existence of ghost phenomena affecting the appearance of the human eye is compared. Among the many paths of the ghost phenomenon, the direct-transmission type ghost has the strongest brightness and the influence on human eyes is the greatest.

Specifically, when the display device 400 is adopted, since the 1/4 wave plate 404 has a poor effect of modulating the light with a larger incident angle, when the light with a larger incident angle is modulated by the 1/4 wave plate 404, the polarization direction of the light may deviate, so that after the light irradiates the reflective polarizer 405, a part of the light which should be reflected is emitted through the reflective polarizer 405, and therefore, a ghost phenomenon is generated on the image displayed by the display, and the viewing feeling of the user is affected.

In addition, in order to improve the imaging quality of the optical-mechanical structure of the VR device, each surface of the lens in the optical-mechanical structure can be set to be a curved surface, and the curved surface structure can better correct aberration distortion and improve the imaging quality of the whole optical-mechanical structure. However, in such a curved surface structure, when film lamination is performed, it is necessary to stretch the film sheet attached to the curved surface, and thus, the film sheet attached to the curved surface may generate micro bubbles, edge warpage, and the like.

Specifically, when the display device 400 is adopted, the first surface of the half mirror 403 is a curved surface, the first surface of the half mirror 403 is a surface far away from the display screen 401, and the 1/4 wave plate 404 needs to be attached to the first surface of the half mirror 403, at this time, when the curved surface film is attached, the 1/4 wave plate 404 needs to be stretched to ensure attaching quality, but the modulating effect of the 1/4 wave plate 404 on light can be affected after the 1/4 wave plate 404 is stretched, and meanwhile, the polarization direction of the modulated light can be affected, so that the ghost phenomenon is further enhanced.

In order to solve the problems, the embodiment of the application provides a display module, which comprises a display screen, a first polarizing element, a semi-transparent semi-reflective film, a grating assembly and a second polarizing element which are sequentially arranged, wherein light rays in different directions emitted by the display screen are polarized into first circularly polarized light through the first polarizing element, the first circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film, is modulated into first linearly polarized light through the grating assembly, then is reflected to the grating assembly through the second polarizing element, is modulated into second circularly polarized light through the grating assembly, is reflected into third circularly polarized light through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film, enters the grating assembly, is modulated into second linearly polarized light through the grating assembly, and is emitted through the second polarizing element, and the grating assembly comprises a plurality of grating structures, wherein the first circularly polarized light rays entering different grating structures in different incident directions are modulated into linearly polarized light in the same polarized direction through different grating structures. Therefore, as the different grating structures in the grating assembly can modulate the circularly polarized light with different incidence directions into linearly polarized light with consistent polarization directions, the incidence directions of the circularly polarized light can not influence the polarization directions of the linearly polarized light, and thus, the circularly polarized light with larger incidence angles can be avoided, after the circularly polarized light is modulated into the linearly polarized light through the grating assembly, the polarization directions of the linearly polarized light deviate, the second polarized piece can not fully reflect the first linearly polarized light, and further, the phenomenon of ghost generated by the display module can be avoided, and the viewing sense of a user is improved.

And because the grating component can be arranged through an etching process, the grating component does not need to be stretched when being arranged on a curved surface, and the modulation effect of the grating component is not affected, so that the ghost phenomenon of the display module can be further eliminated, the imaging quality of the display module is improved, and the appearance of a user is improved.

The display module and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail below by means of specific embodiments and application scenes thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 3 to fig. 7 are schematic diagrams illustrating possible structures of a display module 100 according to an embodiment of the application.

As shown in fig. 3, the display module 100 includes a display screen 1, a first polarizing member 2, a transflective film 32, a grating assembly 4, and a second polarizing member 5, which are sequentially disposed;

Light rays in different directions emitted by the display screen 1 are polarized into first circularly polarized light 101 through the first polarizing element 2, the first circularly polarized light 101 enters the grating assembly 4 through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film 32, is modulated into first linearly polarized light 102 through the grating assembly 4, then is reflected to the grating assembly 4 through the second polarizing element 5, is modulated into second circularly polarized light 104 through the grating assembly 4, is reflected into third circularly polarized light 105 through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film 32, enters the grating assembly 4, is modulated into second linearly polarized light 106 through the grating assembly 4, and is emitted through the second polarizing element 5;

The grating assembly 4 comprises a plurality of grating structures, and the first circularly polarized light 101 entering different grating structures in different incident directions is modulated into linearly polarized light in the same polarization direction by the different grating structures.

In some embodiments of the present application, the display 1 is used for emitting light and displaying images.

In some embodiments of the present application, the display screen 1 may be a Liquid crystal display (Liquid CRYSTAL DISPLAY, LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) screen, a silicon-based OLED screen, a silicon-based LED screen, or the like, which can provide an image.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first polarizer 2 may be used to modulate light emitted from the display 1 into first circularly polarized light 101.

In some embodiments of the application, the first polarizer 2 may be a transmissive polarizer. For example, the first polarizer 2 may be a circular polarizer, and the light emitted by the display screen 1 may form the first circularly polarized light 101 after being modulated by the circular polarizer.

In some embodiments of the present application, the transflective film 32 (Semi-TRANSPARENT AND SEMI-REFLECTIVE MEMBRANE) is a film layer structure with a transmittance and a reflectance of 50%, i.e. when light passes through the transflective film 32, 50% of the light is transmitted through the transflective film 32 and 50% of the light is reflected by the transflective film 32.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second polarizer 5 may be a reflective polarizer.

The reflective polarizer may be a reflective polarizer or a reflective grating, for example. The reflective polarizing plate can reflect linearly polarized light perpendicular to the direction of the optical axis of the reflective polarizing plate and transmit linearly polarized light parallel to the optical axis of the reflective polarizing plate; the reflection grating can reflect linearly polarized light perpendicular to the extending direction of the self grating and transmit linearly polarized light parallel to the extending direction of the self grating.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first circularly polarized light 101 modulated by the first polarizer 2 may be left circularly polarized light or right circularly polarized light.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating assembly 4 described above may be used to modulate the polarization state and polarization direction of polarized light.

The polarization state of the polarized light may be circular polarization or linear polarization, for example.

The polarized light may be circularly polarized light or linearly polarized light, wherein the polarization direction of the circularly polarized light may be left-handed or right-handed; the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light may be vertical or horizontal.

The left circularly polarized light means that the polarized light is observed against the light wave, and the polarization direction of the polarized light is rotated counterclockwise; right circularly polarized light means that the polarized light is observed against the light wave, and the polarization direction of the polarized light is rotated clockwise.

The vertically polarized light means that the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the polarizing member, for example, o light; the horizontally linearly polarized light means that the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the optical axis direction of the polarizing member, for example, e-light.

Wherein the grating assembly 4 may modulate the circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light. Or the grating assembly 4 may modulate linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 may specifically be: light emitted by the display screen 1 is modulated into first circularly polarized light 101 through the first polarizing element 2, the first circularly polarized light 101 enters the grating assembly 4 through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, the first circularly polarized light 101 is modulated into first linearly polarized light 102 through the grating assembly 4, the first linearly polarized light 102 is reflected through the second polarizing element 5 to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is modulated into second circularly polarized light 104 through the grating assembly 4, the second circularly polarized light 104 is reflected into third circularly polarized light 105 through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, the third circularly polarized light 105 is modulated into second linearly polarized light 106 through the grating assembly 4, and the second linearly polarized light 106 is emitted into human eyes through the second polarizing element 5.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating assembly 4 may comprise at least two grating structures.

In some embodiments of the present application, the specific number of grating structures in the grating assembly 4 is not limited herein, and the number of grating structures may be two, three, four, five, six, etc.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating assembly 4 may be a one-dimensional grating or a two-dimensional grating, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the one-dimensional grating is a grating structure with a grating-shaped part extending along a single dimension direction; a two-dimensional grating is a grating structure consisting of two orthogonal gratings superimposed, i.e. two one-dimensional gratings may constitute one two-dimensional grating.

In some embodiments of the present application, each grating structure in the grating assembly 4 may correspond to polarized light with different incident angles; that is, each of the grating structures in the grating assembly 4 described above may be used to modulate the polarization state and polarization direction of polarized light at different angles of incidence. Or each grating structure in the grating assembly 4 may correspond to polarized light of a different range of angles of incidence, i.e. each grating structure in the grating assembly 4 may be used to modulate the polarization state and polarization direction of polarized light in a different range of angles of incidence.

It is understood that the polarization state and polarization direction of polarized light are modulated to different degrees by changing the grating parameters of the grating structure based on the jones matrix and the strict coupled wave theory. In this way, the application aims at polarized light in different incidence directions, and the grating structures with different grating parameters are arranged to modulate the polarized light in different incidence directions into polarized light in the same polarization state and the same polarization direction.

It should be noted that, for the specific polarized light for different incident directions, the grating parameters corresponding to the grating component may be specifically set by referring to the jones matrix and the related technical principles of the strict coupled wave theory.

In some embodiments of the present application, the present application is not limited to the incident angle of the first circularly polarized light 101. However, in practical applications, when the incident angle of the first circularly polarized light 101 is greater than 60 °, the arrangement positions of the components in the display module 100 may be limited, and the diffraction effect of the grating assembly 4 may be affected, so when the incident angle of the first circularly polarized light 101 is between 0 ° and 60 °, the installation and arrangement of the components in the display module 100 may be facilitated, so that the first circularly polarized light 101 has a good diffraction effect after passing through the grating assembly 4. In practical applications, the angle of incidence of the first circularly polarized light 101 may be generally between 0 ° and 60 °.

For example, among the plurality of first circularly polarized lights 101, two first circularly polarized lights 101 corresponding to adjacent two grating structures, respectively, may have a difference in incident angle between 1 ° and 2 °. In other words, in order for the grating assembly 4 to be able to handle polarized light at more angles of incidence, a larger number of grating structures may be arranged within the grating assembly 4.

In some embodiments of the present application, the arrangement of the plurality of grating structures of the grating assembly 4 includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following: a row form, a column form, an array form, a grid form and a ring form.

For example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, 3 grating structures in the grating assembly 4 are arranged in a ring-like form; or as shown in fig. 6 and 7, 4 grating structures in the grating assembly 4 are arranged in rows.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating structure may include at least one grating unit, and the shape of the grating unit includes, but is not limited to, any of the following: annular, bar-shaped, block-shaped.

In an example, when the grating structures in the grating assembly 4 are arranged in a ring form, the shape of the grating structures may be annular, block-shaped, or bar-shaped, which may be specifically set according to practical requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

For example, a ring-shaped or circular grating structure may comprise one or more ring-shaped grating elements. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the grating structure 42a includes 4 ring-shaped grating units 421a.

In an example, when the grating structures in the grating assembly 4 are arranged in a row, the shape of the grating structures may be a block shape or a bar shape, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

For example, a stripe-shaped grating structure may comprise one or more stripe-shaped grating elements. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the grating structure 42a includes 4 stripe-shaped grating units 421b.

In an example, when the grating structures in the grating assembly 4 are arranged in a grid form, the shape of the grating structures may be a block shape or a bar shape, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In a possible example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, taking the arrangement of the grating structures as an example in the form of a ring, it is assumed that the grating assembly 4 includes three grating structures, which are the grating structure 41a, the grating structure 42a, and the grating structure 43a, respectively. Wherein, the grating structure 41a is cylindrical, the second grating structure 42a may be an annular structure nested outside the grating structure 41a, and the grating structure 43a may be an annular structure nested outside the grating structure 42 a. The grating structure 42a further includes 4 ring-shaped grating units 421a.

Further, in conjunction with fig. 4, taking an example that the light emitted by the display screen 1 is polarized into the first circularly polarized light 101 by the first polarizer 2 and then enters the grating assembly 4, it is assumed that the first circularly polarized light 101 includes a light 201a, a light 202a and a light 203a. Since the angle of incidence of ray 201a corresponds to the position of grating structure 41a, the angle of incidence of ray 202a corresponds to the position of grating structure 42a, and the angle of incidence of ray 201a corresponds to the position of grating structure 43 a. Therefore, the grating structure 41a can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light ray 201a entering the grating structure 41a, the grating structure 42a can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light ray 202a entering the grating structure 42a, the grating structure 43a can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light ray 203a entering the grating structure 43a, and after modulation, the three grating structures can modulate the light rays with three different incident angles into polarized light with the same polarization state and polarization direction.

In another possible example, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, taking the arrangement of the grating structures as a determinant as an example, it is assumed that the grating assembly 4 includes four grating structures, which are the grating structure 41b, the grating structure 42b, the grating structure 43b, and the grating structure 44b, respectively. Wherein, the grating structure 41b, the grating structure 42b, the grating structure 43b and the grating structure 44b are bar-shaped structures.

Further, in conjunction with fig. 6, taking an example that the light emitted by the display screen 1 is polarized into the first circularly polarized light 101 by the first polarizing element 2 and then enters the grating assembly 4, it is assumed that the first circularly polarized light 101 includes a light 201b, a light 202b, a light 203b and a light 204b. Since the angle of incidence of ray 201b corresponds to the position of grating structure 41b, the angle of incidence of ray 202b corresponds to the position of grating structure 42b, the angle of incidence of ray 201b corresponds to the position of grating structure 43b, and the angle of incidence of ray 204b corresponds to the position of grating structure 44 b. Therefore, the grating structure 41b can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light 201 incident on the grating structure 41b, the grating structure 42b can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light 202b incident on the grating structure 42b, the grating structure 43b can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light 203b incident on the grating structure 43b, and the grating structure 44b can modulate the polarization state and the polarization direction of the light 204b incident on the grating structure 44b, so that the four grating structures can modulate the light with three different incident angles into polarized light with the same polarization state and polarization direction after modulation.

In some embodiments of the application, the grating assembly 4 may be disposed on a planar lens or a curved lens. Generally, since the grating assembly 4 can be set by an etching process, stretching is not needed when the grating assembly is arranged on the curved lens, and the modulation effect of the grating assembly 4 is not affected, so that the ghost phenomenon of the display module can be further eliminated, the imaging quality of the display module is improved, and the appearance of a user is improved.

For example, fig. 8 shows a schematic view of the grating assembly 4 disposed on a planar lens, and fig. 9 shows a schematic view of the grating assembly 4 disposed on a curved lens.

In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the grating structure in the grating assembly 4 may be a transparent material or a liquid crystal material that can be subjected to grating etching.

It can be understood that when the materials of the grating structure are transparent materials or liquid crystal materials, the grating structure is a transmission type grating, so that light rays emitted by the display screen 1 can pass through the grating structure to be transmitted out when passing through the grating structure, and normal transmission of the light rays is ensured.

Illustratively, the material of the grating structure may be resin, glass, etc., for example, polymethyl methacrylate (Polymethyl Methacrylate, PMMA, also called acryl or plexiglass).

The grating structure may be an electronically controlled liquid crystal assembly, for example. That is, the material of the electrically controlled liquid crystal component may be a liquid crystal material.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating parameters of the different grating structures are different, including but not limited to at least one of: grating spacing, grating etching depth, grating period, duty cycle, tilt angle of tilted grating, tilt direction of tilted grating.

The grating spacing refers to the spacing between two adjacent grating units in the grating structure. The grating etch depth is the depth of the etched trench, i.e., the height of the individual grid-shaped cells. The grating period refers to the length of one refractive index change point to an adjacent refractive index change point in the grating structure, i.e. the sum of the pitch of two adjacent grating elements and the width of a single grating element. The duty cycle refers to the ratio value between transparent and opaque regions in the grating structure. The tilt angle refers to a value of the tilt angle of the tilted grating. The oblique direction refers to the offset direction of the oblique grating.

For example, as shown in fig. 10, the grating pitch is m, the etching depth is h1, the grating period is d, and the ridge width is r. As shown in fig. 11, the grating structure is an oblique grating, the grating pitch is m, the etching depth is h1, the grating period is d, the ridge width is r, the oblique angle of the oblique grating is α, and the oblique direction of the oblique grating is direction x.

It can be appreciated that by adjusting at least one parameter of the grating pitch, the grating etching depth, the grating period, the duty cycle, the inclination angle of the inclined grating, and the inclination direction of the inclined grating, the geometry of the grating structure can be adjusted, so that the first circularly polarized light 101 with different incidence directions can be modulated into linearly polarized light with consistent polarization directions by different grating structures.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating assembly 4 may be a sub-wavelength grating, where the sub-wavelength grating is a grating assembly 4 having a grating period less than the wavelength of the incident light, and the structure and size of the sub-wavelength grating are not limited herein. For example, the refractive index of the sub-wavelength grating may be 1.5-2.5, the wavelength of the incident light may be 380nm-780nm, the size of the transmissive portion may be 900-1100 λ, the size of the grating portion may be 1.2λ -1.3λ, the grating period may be 0.6λ -0.9λ, and the ridge width of the individual grating portion may be 0.2d-0.9d. The polarization state of polarized light can be modulated by using the sub-wavelength grating, so that light emitted by the display screen 1 can be normally transmitted to human eyes.

In the embodiment of the application, firstly, light emitted by the display screen 1 can be modulated into first linearly polarized light 102 by the grating component 4 and then reflected to the grating component 4 by the second polarizing element 5, and then modulated into second circularly polarized light 104 by the grating component 4 and then reflected into third circularly polarized light 105 by the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, so that the light can be reflected between the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32 and the second polarizing element 5 for multiple times, thereby realizing the scheme of folding light paths in Pancake optical systems and meeting the requirement of light weight of the display module 100. Secondly, because the different grating structures in the grating assembly 4 can modulate the circularly polarized light with different incidence directions into linearly polarized light with consistent polarization directions, the incidence directions of the circularly polarized light can not influence the polarization directions of the linearly polarized light, so that the circularly polarized light with larger incidence angles can be avoided, after the circularly polarized light is modulated into the linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the polarization directions of the linearly polarized light deviate, the first linearly polarized light can not be completely reflected by the second polarizing piece, and further, the ghost phenomenon generated by the display module can be avoided, and the appearance of a user is improved.

In some embodiments of the present application, the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light 102 is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second polarizer 5. That is, the first linearly polarized light 102 in the present application may be vertically linearly polarized light perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second polarizing member 5.

It should be noted that in the case where the first linearly polarized light 102 is the vertically linearly polarized light in the present embodiment, the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light 102 may be perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the reflective polarizing plate or perpendicular to the grating extending direction of the reflective grating. Thus, when the first circularly polarized light 101 is modulated into the horizontally linearly polarized light, that is, the above-mentioned second linearly polarized light 106, by the transflective film 32, the grating assembly 4, and the second polarizer 5, the polarization direction of the horizontally linearly polarized light may be parallel to the optical axis direction of the reflective polarizer or parallel to the grating extension direction of the reflective grating, so that the horizontally polarized light may be incident into the human eye through the second polarizer 5.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 12, the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized light 101 is different from the polarization direction of the third circularly polarized light 105.

It can be understood that, based on the folded light path principle of the Pancake optical system, when the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized light 101 is different from the polarization direction of the third circularly polarized light 105, it can be ensured that the polarization direction of the light finally injected into the human eye is consistent with the polarization direction of the light originally emitted by the display screen 1, so as to ensure that the image displayed by the display screen 1 can be normally transmitted into the human eye.

For example, after the circularly polarized light is reflected, the propagation direction of the light may be changed, and thus, the polarization direction of the circularly polarized light may be changed. For example, when the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized light 101 is clockwise, the polarization direction of the third circularly polarized light 105 is counterclockwise; that is, when the first circularly polarized light 101 is right-handed polarized light, the third circularly polarized light 105 is left-handed polarized light. When the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized light 101 is counterclockwise, the polarization direction of the third circularly polarized light 105 is clockwise; that is, when the first circularly polarized light 101 is left-handed polarized light, the third circularly polarized light 105 is right-handed polarized light.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 12, the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light 102 is different from the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light 106.

It will be appreciated that, based on the folded light path principle of the Pancake optical system, when the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light 102 is different from the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light 106, it can be ensured that the light finally entering the human eye is consistent with the polarization direction of the light originally emitted by the display screen 1, so as to ensure that the image displayed by the display screen 1 can be normally transmitted to the human eye.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first linearly polarized light 102 is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the second polarizing member 5. And the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light 102 is different from the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light 106, the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light 106 is horizontal with respect to the optical axis direction of the second polarizing member 5. That is, the second linearly polarized light 106 in the present application may be horizontally linearly polarized light that is horizontal with respect to the optical axis direction of the second polarizing member 5.

In a possible example, the first polarizer 2 is a circular polarizer, the second polarizer 5 is a reflective polarizer, and the first circularly polarized light 101 modulated by the circular polarizer is right circularly polarized light.

For example, in the case where the first circularly polarized light 101 is right circularly polarized light, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 is: light emitted by the display screen 1 is modulated into right-handed circularly polarized light through the circularly polarizing plate, the right-handed circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly 4 through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film 32, the vertically linearly polarized light is modulated into vertically linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the vertically linearly polarized light is reflected through the reflecting polarizing plate to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is modulated into right-handed circularly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the right-handed circularly polarized light is reflected into left-handed circularly polarized light through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film 32, the left-handed circularly polarized light is modulated into horizontally linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, and the horizontally linearly polarized light is transmitted to human eyes after being emitted through the reflecting polarizing plate. The embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited.

In another possible example, the first polarizer 2 is a circular polarizer, the second polarizer 5 is a reflective polarizer, and the first circularly polarized light 101 modulated by the circular polarizer is left circularly polarized light.

For example, in the case where the first circularly polarized light 101 is left circularly polarized light, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 is: light emitted by the display screen 1 is modulated into left-handed circularly polarized light through the circularly polarizing plate, the left-handed circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly 4 through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film 32, the vertically linearly polarized light is modulated into vertically linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the vertically linearly polarized light is reflected through the reflecting polarizing plate to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is modulated into left-handed circularly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the left-handed circularly polarized light is reflected into right-handed circularly polarized light through the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film 32, the right-handed circularly polarized light is modulated into horizontal linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, and the horizontal linearly polarized light is emitted through the reflecting polarizing plate and transmitted to human eyes. The embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited.

In still another possible example, the first polarizer 2 is a circular polarizer, and the second polarizer 5 is a reflection grating, and the first circularly polarized light 101 modulated by the circular polarizer is right circularly polarized light.

For example, in the case where the first circularly polarized light 101 is right circularly polarized light, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 is: light emitted by the display screen 1 is modulated into right-handed circularly polarized light through the circularly polarizing plate, the right-handed circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly 4 through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, the vertically linearly polarized light is modulated into vertically linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the vertically linearly polarized light is reflected through the reflection grating to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is modulated into right-handed circularly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, the right-handed circularly polarized light is reflected into left-handed circularly polarized light through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, the left-handed circularly polarized light is modulated into horizontal linearly polarized light through the grating assembly 4, and the horizontal linearly polarized light is emitted into human eyes through the reflection grating. The embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 12, the display module 100 further includes a first lens 31, the transflective film 32 is plated on a first surface of the first lens 31 or a second surface of the first lens 31, the first surface of the first lens 31 is a surface far from the first polarizer 2, and the second surface of the first lens 31 is a surface near to the first polarizer 2. It should be noted that fig. 12 shows a schematic view of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 32 plated on the second surface of the first lens 31.

It can be understood that when the transflective film 32 is coated on the first surface or the second surface of the first lens 31, the first lens 31 can be used to support the transflective film 32, so that the light emitted by the display screen 11 can be reflected and refracted between the transflective film 32 and the second polarizer 5 for multiple times, thereby realizing the scheme of folding the optical path in the Pancake optical system.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first lens 31 and the half mirror 32 may form the half mirror 3.

In some embodiments of the present application, the display screen 1 and the first lens 31 may be a coaxial system, and the display screen 1 and the first lens 31 are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the first lens 31.

In some embodiments of the present application, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 32 may be coated on the first surface of the first lens 31 or the second surface of the first lens 31 through a coating process.

As shown in fig. 12, in the case where the first circularly polarized light 101 is right circularly polarized light and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 32 is coated on the second surface of the first lens 31, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 is as follows: light emitted by the display screen 1 is modulated into first circularly polarized light 101 through the first polarizing element 2, the first circularly polarized light 101 sequentially passes through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32 and the first lens 31 to enter the grating assembly 4, the first linearly polarized light 102 is modulated into first linearly polarized light 102 through the grating assembly 4, the first linearly polarized light 102 is reflected through the second polarizing element 5 to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is modulated into second circularly polarized light 104 through the grating assembly 4, the second circularly polarized light 104 sequentially passes through the first lens 31 and the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32 and is reflected into third circularly polarized light 104 through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, the third circularly polarized light 104 is modulated into second linearly polarized light 106 through the grating assembly 4 on the first surface of the first lens 31, and the second linearly polarized light 106 is emitted into human eyes through the second polarizing element 5. The embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 13, the grating assembly 4 is disposed on a first surface of the first lens 31, the transflective film 32 is plated on a second surface of the first lens 31, the first surface of the first lens 31 is a surface away from the first polarizer 2, and the second surface of the first lens 31 is a surface close to the first polarizer 2.

It can be understood that when the grating assembly 4 is disposed on the first surface of the first lens 31, the first circularly polarized light 101 generated by modulation of the circularly polarizing plate can pass through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32 on one side of the first lens 31 and enter the grating assembly 4 on the other side of the first lens 31, so as to ensure that light can be transmitted normally.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating assembly 4 may be etched on the first surface of the first lens 31 by an etching process.

As shown in fig. 13, in the scenario where the first circularly polarized light 101 is right circularly polarized light, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 is: light emitted by the display screen 11 is modulated into first circularly polarized light 101 through the first polarizing element 2, the first circularly polarized light 101 sequentially penetrates through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32 and the first lens 31, enters the grating component 4 on the first surface of the first lens 31, is modulated into first linearly polarized light 102 through the grating component 4, the first linearly polarized light 102 is reflected through the second polarizing element 5 to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is modulated into second circularly polarized light 104 through the grating component 4 on the first surface of the first lens 31, the second circularly polarized light 104 sequentially penetrates through the first lens 31 and the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32 and is reflected into third circularly polarized light 104 through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, the third circularly polarized light 104 is modulated into second linearly polarized light 106 through the grating component 4 on the first surface of the first lens 31, and the second linearly polarized light 106 is emitted into human eyes through the second polarizing element 5. The embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 14, the display module 100 may further include a second lens 6, where the second polarizer 5 is disposed on a first surface of the second lens 6, or the second polarizer 5 is disposed on a second surface of the second lens 6, where the first surface of the second lens 6 is a surface close to the first polarizer 2, and the second surface of the second lens 6 is a surface far from the first polarizer 2. It should be noted that fig. 14 shows a schematic view in which the second polarizer 5 is provided on the second surface of the second lens 6.

It can be understood that, when the second polarizer 5 is disposed on the first surface of the second lens 6 or the second surface of the second lens 6, the first circularly polarized light 101 generated by modulating the circularly polarized light with the circularly polarized light may pass through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 32 and enter the grating assembly 4 on one side surface of the second lens 6, so as to ensure that light can be transmitted normally.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second polarizer 5 may be attached to the first surface of the second lens 6 or the second surface of the second lens 6.

In a possible example, as shown in fig. 8, the second lens 6 is a plano-convex lens, i.e., the first surface of the second lens 6 is a plane surface and the second surface is a convex curved surface. In this way, the second polarizer 5 may be disposed on the plane of the second lens element 6, or may be disposed on the convex curved surface of the second lens element 6.

In another possible example, as shown in fig. 9, the second lens 6 is a convex lens, that is, the first surface and the second surface of the second lens 6 are both convex curved surfaces. Thus, the second polarizer 5 may be disposed on any convex curved surface on both sides of the second lens 6.

The second lens 6, the first lens 31, and the display screen 1 may be, for example, coaxial systems, and the display screen 1, the first lens 31, and the second lens 6 are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the first lens 31.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 14, the display module 100 further includes a second lens 6, the grating assembly 4 is disposed on a first surface of the second lens 6, the second polarizer 5 is disposed on a second surface of the second lens 6, the first surface of the second lens 6 is a surface close to the first polarizer 2, and the second surface of the second lens 6 is a surface far from the first polarizer 2.

It can be understood that when the grating assembly 4 is disposed on the first surface of the second lens 6, and the second polarizing element 5 is disposed on the second surface of the second lens 6, the first circularly polarized light 101 generated by modulating with the circular polarizing plate may pass through the semi-transparent semi-reflective film 32, enter the grating assembly 4 on the first surface of the second lens 6, and the first linearly polarized light 102 generated by modulating with the grating assembly 4 may irradiate the second polarizing element 5 through the second lens 6, and form the reflected linearly polarized light 103 by reflecting with the second polarizing plate, so as to ensure that light can be normally transmitted.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grating assembly 4 may be etched on the first surface of the second lens 6 by an etching process.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second polarizer 5 may be attached to the first surface of the second lens 6.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 14, in the scenario where the first circularly polarized light 101 is right circularly polarized light, the propagation process of the optical path in the display module 100 is: light emitted by the display screen 1 is modulated into first circularly polarized light 101 through the first polarizing element 2, the first circularly polarized light 101 is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 32 of the first lens 31, enters the grating component 4 on the first surface of the second lens 5, is modulated into first linearly polarized light 102 through the grating component 4, the first linearly polarized light 102 is reflected by the second polarizing element 5 to form reflected linearly polarized light 103, the reflected linearly polarized light 103 is transmitted through the second lens 5, enters the grating component 4 on the first surface of the second lens 5, is modulated into second circularly polarized light 104 through the grating component 4, the second circularly polarized light 104 is reflected into third circularly polarized light 104 through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 32, the third circularly polarized light 104 is modulated into second linearly polarized light 106 through the grating component 4 on the first surface of the second lens 5, and the second linearly polarized light 106 is transmitted through the second lens 5 and is emitted into human eyes through the second polarizing element 5. The embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited.

The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which can comprise the display module 100 shown in fig. 3.

In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic device may be a terminal, or may be other devices besides a terminal. The electronic device may be a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, a Mobile internet appliance (Mobile INTERNET DEVICE, MID), an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, an ultra-Mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), etc., and may also be a server, a network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS), a personal computer (personal computer, PC), a Television (TV), a teller machine, a self-service machine, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

The display module 100 described in the above embodiment may be specifically referred to the display module 100 in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application, and descriptions of the display module 100 may be referred to the related descriptions in the above embodiment, so that repetition is avoided and redundant descriptions are omitted herein.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing the functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in an opposite order depending on the functions involved, e.g., the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present application.

Claims

1. The display module is characterized by comprising a display screen, a first polarization piece, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, a grating component and a second polarization piece which are sequentially arranged;

Light rays in different directions emitted by the display screen are polarized into first circularly polarized light through the first polarizing element, the first circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly through the semi-transparent and semi-reflecting film, the first linearly polarized light is modulated into first linearly polarized light through the grating assembly and then reflected to the grating assembly through the second polarizing element, the second circularly polarized light is modulated into second circularly polarized light through the grating assembly and then reflected into third circularly polarized light through the semi-transparent and semi-reflecting film, the third circularly polarized light enters the grating assembly, and the second linearly polarized light is modulated into second linearly polarized light through the grating assembly and then emitted through the second polarizing element;

2. The display module of claim 1, wherein the polarization direction of the first circularly polarized light is different from the polarization direction of the third circularly polarized light.

3. The display module of claim 1, wherein the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light is different from the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light.

4. The display module of claim 1, further comprising a first lens, wherein the transflective film is plated on a first surface of the first lens or a second surface of the first lens;

The first surface of the first lens is a surface far away from the first polarizer, and the second surface of the first lens is a surface close to the first polarizer.

5. The display module of claim 4, wherein the transflective film is plated on the second surface of the first lens, and the grating assembly is disposed on the first surface of the first lens.

6. The display module of claim 5, further comprising a second lens, the second polarizer disposed on a first surface of the second lens or a second surface of the second lens;

The first surface of the second lens is a surface close to the first polarizer, and the second surface of the second lens is a surface far away from the first polarizer.

7. The display module of claim 1, further comprising a second lens, wherein the grating assembly is disposed on a first surface of the second lens, and wherein the second polarizer is disposed on a second surface of the second lens;

8. The display module of claim 1, wherein the grating structures in the grating assembly are transparent or liquid crystal material that can be subjected to grating etching.

9. The display module of claim 1, wherein the grating parameters of different grating structures are different, the grating parameters comprising at least one of: grating spacing, grating etching depth, grating period, duty cycle, tilt angle of tilted grating, tilt direction of tilted grating.

10. An electronic device comprising a display module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.