CN117949999A - Radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and radioactive waste liquid monitoring method - Google Patents

Radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and radioactive waste liquid monitoring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117949999A
CN117949999A CN202311320900.XA CN202311320900A CN117949999A CN 117949999 A CN117949999 A CN 117949999A CN 202311320900 A CN202311320900 A CN 202311320900A CN 117949999 A CN117949999 A CN 117949999A
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China
Prior art keywords
waste liquid
reverse osmosis
osmosis treatment
concentrated
concentration
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CN202311320900.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈小强
尹淑华
熊军
魏学虎
吕炜枫
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202311320900.XA priority Critical patent/CN117949999A/en
Publication of CN117949999A publication Critical patent/CN117949999A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4005—Concentrating samples by transferring a selected component through a membrane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N2001/1031—Sampling from special places
    • G01N2001/1037—Sampling from special places from an enclosure (hazardous waste, radioactive)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4005—Concentrating samples by transferring a selected component through a membrane
    • G01N2001/4016—Concentrating samples by transferring a selected component through a membrane being a selective membrane, e.g. dialysis or osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to a radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and a radioactive waste liquid monitoring method. The radioactive waste monitoring system includes: the waste liquid discharge unit is used for being connected with the storage tank and discharging waste liquid of the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank; the reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid; and the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid. The method and the device can improve the monitoring accuracy of the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system.

Description

Radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and radioactive waste liquid monitoring method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of radioactive waste liquid monitoring, in particular to a radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and a radioactive waste liquid monitoring method.
Background
With the advancement of inland nuclear power plant projects, in order to ensure that the environmental and public impact of the effluent discharged after the nuclear power plant is operated is minimized, the nuclear power plant needs to monitor the radioactivity concentration of the effluent discharged so that the radioactivity concentration of the effluent meets the requirements specified in the related art.
In the related art, a radiation monitoring instrument is generally provided on a discharge line of a nuclear power plant, through which the concentration of radionuclides in raw waste liquid is directly measured and analyzed.
However, with the stricter requirements of radioactive waste liquid discharge and lower radioactive concentration of the discharged waste liquid in inland nuclear power plants, the radioactive waste liquid monitoring mode has the problem of poor measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and a radioactive waste liquid monitoring method, which can improve the accuracy of waste liquid monitoring with low radioactive concentration.
In a first aspect, there is provided a radioactive waste monitoring system comprising:
The waste liquid discharge unit is used for being connected with the storage tank and discharging the waste liquid discharged by the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank;
The reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid;
And the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
In one embodiment, the reverse osmosis treatment unit comprises:
the flow regulating valve is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and used for regulating the sampling flow of the discharged waste liquid;
the reverse osmosis treatment module is connected with the flow regulating valve and is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid obtained by sampling to obtain the concentrated waste liquid;
and the concentrated solution transmission pump is connected with the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module and is used for pumping the concentrated waste liquid into the monitoring unit.
In one embodiment, in the case that the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module is a plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules, a plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules are sequentially cascaded between the flow rate adjustment valve and the concentrate delivery pump.
In one embodiment, the reverse osmosis treatment module comprises a booster pump, a reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and a concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve which are sequentially connected, wherein:
The booster pump is used for pumping the sampling waste liquid transmitted by the flow regulating valve or the pre-concentrated waste liquid output by the pre-reverse osmosis treatment module into the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group;
the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-stage concentrated waste liquid to obtain the current concentrated waste liquid;
And the concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve is used for transmitting the current concentrated waste liquid to the concentrated liquid transmission pump or the lower reverse osmosis treatment module.
In one embodiment, the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-concentrated waste liquid to obtain a current concentrated liquid and a cleaning waste liquid; the input port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is provided with a first flow sensor, and the output port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group for outputting the cleaning waste liquid is provided with a second flow sensor;
The monitoring unit is also used for determining whether to output first alarm information according to the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, and the first alarm information is used for indicating to flush the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group or replace the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group.
In one embodiment, the monitoring unit comprises:
the measuring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid;
And the monitoring unit is connected with the measuring unit and is used for comparing the radioactive concentration with a preset concentration threshold value and controlling the waste liquid discharge unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit to stop working under the condition that the radioactive concentration is larger than the preset concentration threshold value.
In one embodiment, the measuring unit comprises a ring columnSensitive detector, the loop column/>And a waste liquid transmission pipeline for transmitting the concentrated waste liquid is arranged in the sensitive detector in a penetrating way.
In one embodiment, the measuring unit further comprises a lead shield surrounding the annular columnThe periphery of the sensitive detector;
the lead shield is used for shielding environmental background Rays and universe/>And (5) rays.
In one embodiment, the measurement unit is specifically configured to substitute the radioactivity concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, the flow of the sampled waste liquid, the discharge flow of the concentrated waste liquid, and the enrichment concentration coefficient into a preset radioactivity concentration calculation formula to obtain the radioactivity concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid.
In one embodiment, a waste liquid discharge filter for filtering large-sized particles in the discharged waste liquid is provided in the waste liquid discharge unit.
In one embodiment, the input port of the waste drain filter is provided with a first pressure sensor and the output port of the waste drain filter is provided with a second pressure sensor;
the monitoring unit is further used for determining whether to output second alarm information according to the sensing data of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, or determining whether to output second alarm information according to the first alarm information and the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, and the second alarm information is used for prompting replacement of a filter element of the waste liquid discharge filter.
In a second aspect, there is provided a radioactive waste monitoring method for use in a radioactive waste monitoring system as described in the first aspect, the method comprising:
the waste liquid discharge unit discharges the discharged waste liquid of the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank;
The reverse osmosis treatment unit performs flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid, and performs enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid;
and the monitoring unit measures and calculates the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
The radioactive waste liquid monitoring system comprises a waste liquid discharging unit, a reverse osmosis treatment unit and a monitoring unit, wherein the waste liquid discharging unit is used for being connected with a storage tank and discharging waste liquid with low radioactive concentration of a nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank; the reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid, and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid; the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid. In this way, the embodiment of the application obtains quantitative sampling waste liquid through the reverse osmosis treatment unit, and performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid, the concentration of the radionuclide in the concentrated waste liquid is relatively high, the monitoring unit measures the quantitative concentrated waste liquid with high radioactive concentration, and calculates and analyzes the radionuclide concentration in the discharged waste liquid according to the radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, instead of directly measuring the radionuclide concentration in the discharged waste liquid through the radiation monitoring instrument, because the flow volume of the quantitative concentrated waste liquid is relatively small, the error in the measuring and analyzing process is smaller, a more accurate measuring result can be obtained, meanwhile, the radionuclide concentration in the concentrated waste liquid is higher, the radionuclide concentration in the measuring process is not easy to interfere, the radionuclide concentration in the concentrated waste liquid can be measured more accurately, and the radionuclide concentration in the discharged waste liquid is analyzed and monitored according to the radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, so that the radioactive concentration in the discharged waste liquid is accurately measured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques of the present application, the drawings required for the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an radioactive waste monitoring system in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a radioactive waste monitoring system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a radioactive waste monitoring system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a radioactive waste monitoring system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a radioactive waste monitoring system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a radioactive waste monitoring system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a radioactive waste monitoring system;
FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of an radioactive waste monitoring system in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an radioactive waste monitoring system in one embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a control diagram of a monitoring unit in an radioactive waste monitoring system in one embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a method of monitoring radioactive waste in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the application may be readily understood, a more complete description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Embodiments of the application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that the terms first, second, etc. as used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first resistance may be referred to as a second resistance, and similarly, a second resistance may be referred to as a first resistance, without departing from the scope of the application. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.
It is to be understood that in the following embodiments, "connected" is understood to mean "electrically connected", "communicatively connected", etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical or data transfer between them.
It is understood that "at least one" means one or more and "a plurality" means two or more. "at least part of an element" means part or all of the element.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," and/or the like, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or groups thereof. Also, the term "and/or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
Nuclear power plants typically include coastal sites and inland sites, with relevant regulations requiring that the activity concentration of other radionuclides than tritium, carbon 14 in the radioactive effluent (radioactive waste liquid) at the tank discharge outlet should not exceed 1000Bq/L for coastal sites; for inland factories, the activity concentration of other radionuclides except tritium and carbon 14 in radioactive effluent (radioactive waste liquid) at a tank discharge outlet should not exceed 100Bq/L, and the total beta radioactivity in a receiving water body at 1km downstream of the discharge outlet should not exceed 1Bq/L, the activity concentration of tritium should not exceed 100Bq/L, if the activity concentration exceeds the relevant regulation requirement, the nuclear power plant must be approved by a pipe inspection department before discharge, meanwhile, the relevant regulation also requires that the liquid effluent should be subjected to sampling monitoring of the liquid effluent in the tank before discharge, the tank discharge outlet should be marked obviously, and an automatic alarm and discharge control device should be arranged on a discharge pipeline.
Currently, domestic nuclear power plants are all located in coastal areas, the radioactive waste liquid is usually stored in a storage tank, after the storage tank (500 m 3/tank or 750m 3/tank) is filled, a part of the radioactive waste liquid is sampled from the storage tank and sent to a laboratory for analysis, if the analysis shows that the activity concentration of other radioactive nuclides except tritium and carbon 14 in the radioactive waste liquid in the storage tank is lower than 500Bq/L, the radioactive waste liquid in the storage tank is discharged, and a radiation monitoring instrument is arranged on a waste liquid discharge pipeline so as to realize on-line monitoring and control of the radioactive waste liquid discharge process.
Radiation monitoring instruments are typically provided with two alarm levels: primary and secondary alarms. The primary alarm is used as an early warning, the secondary alarm is used for interlocking control, and when the radiation concentration of the liquid radioactive waste liquid in the discharge pipeline exceeds a secondary alarm threshold set by the radiation monitoring instrument, the system automatically triggers an interlocking function, an electric valve for waste liquid discharge is closed, and further discharge of the radioactive waste liquid is stopped, so that the radioactive waste liquid exceeding a preset radiation level cannot be discharged into the environment.
Some radioactive particles (hot particles) may exist in a tank of a nuclear power plant storing radioactive waste liquid, and during the discharge of the radioactive waste liquid, the radioactive particles may migrate with water flow and trigger an alarm of a radiation monitoring instrument, resulting in interruption of the discharge of the radioactive waste liquid.
With the development of inland nuclear power projects, public attention is paid to radioactive waste liquid discharged by inland nuclear power plants, so that the emission standard of the inland nuclear power plants on the radioactive waste liquid is stricter, the radioactive concentration of the discharged radioactive waste liquid is required to be reduced to 50Bq/L, however, the existing mature radiation monitoring instrument cannot accurately monitor the radioactive waste liquid with the radioactive concentration lower than 50Bq/L on line.
In view of the above, the embodiment of the application provides a radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and a radioactive waste liquid monitoring method, which can intercept radioactive particles in the discharging process by arranging a waste liquid discharging filter on a waste liquid discharging pipeline, thereby eliminating the problems that the radioactive particles trigger a radiation monitoring instrument to alarm along with water flow migration and cause an automatic isolation of a discharging valve.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a radioactive waste monitoring system, referring to fig. 1, which includes a waste discharge unit, a reverse osmosis treatment unit, and a monitoring unit.
And the waste liquid discharge unit is used for being connected with the storage tank and discharging the waste liquid stored in the storage tank and discharged from the nuclear power plant.
The inland nuclear power plant is generally configured with a plurality of storage tanks for collecting and temporarily storing the waste liquid treated by the nuclear power plant, and generally, after a single storage tank is filled, temporary storage is carried out for 1-5 days, when the waste liquid stored in the storage tank needs to be discharged, the waste liquid in the storage tank filled with the waste liquid can be uniformly stirred, and the stirring time is about 6-8 hours. After the waste liquid in the storage tank is uniformly mixed, the waste liquid is sampled at a sampling interface of the storage tank (the sampling amount is about 100 mL), the radioactivity measurement analysis result of the sample of the waste liquid is obtained, and if the radioactivity measurement analysis result of the sample of the waste liquid is lower than the preset control value (namely 50 Bq/L) of the waste liquid discharge of the power plant, the waste liquid in the storage tank can be controllably discharged to the environment.
In the embodiment of the application, the waste liquid discharge unit is connected with the storage tank and comprises an electric valve, an electric flow control valve, a stop valve, a waste liquid discharge pump, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a waste liquid discharge filter, a groove type discharge port and a discharge channel.
When the waste liquid in the storage tank can be discharged to the environment, the electric valve and the electric flow control valve in the waste liquid discharge unit are opened, after the electric valve and the electric flow control valve are confirmed to be in the opened state, quantitative waste liquid is extracted by opening the waste liquid discharge pump, the discharge flow of the waste liquid discharge pump is generally 120m 3/h-150m3/h, so that the waste liquid in the storage tank is conveyed through the electric valve and the waste liquid discharge pump, flows through the stop valve and the pressure sensor, is filtered by the waste liquid discharge filter, and is sequentially discharged to the environment through the groove type discharge port through the pressure sensor, the stop valve, the electric flow control valve, the flow sensor and the electric valve.
The electric valve is a valve driven by a motor, the discharge of waste liquid in the waste liquid discharge unit can be opened or closed when needed, and when the waste liquid in the storage tank is conveyed by the electric valve and the waste liquid discharge pump, the pressure sensor can monitor the pressure of the waste liquid in real time.
The reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid, and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid.
As described above, when the waste liquid discharge unit performs the waste liquid discharge, the reverse osmosis treatment unit synchronously performs the continuous flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid, and performs the reverse osmosis treatment on the sampled waste liquid obtained by the continuous flow control sampling, that is, performs the enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid, so as to realize the enrichment and concentration of the radionuclide in the sampled waste liquid, and obtain the concentrated waste liquid after the reverse osmosis treatment.
The concentration treatment can effectively discharge most of water and a very small amount of radionuclides in the sampling waste liquid in a clean waste liquid mode, so that the radionuclides are concentrated in the treated concentration waste liquid, the concentration of the radionuclides in the obtained concentration waste liquid is more favorable for accurately measuring, and the flow volume of the concentration waste liquid after the concentration treatment is smaller relative to that of the untreated sampling waste liquid, so that the measurement error of the radioconcentration can be reduced, and the measurement result is more accurate.
And the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
In the waste liquid discharge process, the monitoring unit continuously measures the concentrated waste liquid treated by the reverse osmosis treatment unit on line, and calculates and analyzes the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the concentrated waste liquid to obtain the radioactive concentration of the waste liquid in discharge.
Thus, the radioactive waste monitoring system described above includes a waste discharge unit for connection with the storage tank and for discharging the discharged waste of the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank, a reverse osmosis treatment unit, and a monitoring unit; the reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid, and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid; the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid. Thus, according to the embodiment of the application, quantitative sampling waste liquid is obtained through the reverse osmosis treatment unit, the sampling waste liquid is enriched and concentrated to obtain concentrated waste liquid, the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the concentrated waste liquid is relatively high, the monitoring unit is used for measuring the quantitative concentrated waste liquid with high radioactive concentration, and the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid is obtained through calculation and analysis according to the radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, instead of directly measuring the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid through the radiation monitoring instrument, because the flow volume of the quantitative concentrated waste liquid is relatively small, the error in the measuring and analyzing process is smaller, more accurate measuring results can be obtained, meanwhile, the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the concentrated waste liquid is higher, the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the concentrated waste liquid is not easy to interfere in the measuring process, and the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid is analyzed and monitored according to the radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, so that the radioactive concentration of the discharged waste liquid is accurately measured.
The reverse osmosis treatment unit is introduced below to realize the enrichment and concentration of radionuclides in the sampled waste liquid.
In one embodiment, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 1, referring to fig. 2, the reverse osmosis treatment unit in this embodiment includes a flow regulating valve, at least one reverse osmosis treatment module, and a concentrate transfer pump.
The flow regulating valve is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for regulating the flow of the discharged waste liquid to control and sample the flow of the sampled waste liquid.
In the embodiment of the application, the flow regulating valve is arranged at the inlet end of the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit, when the reverse osmosis treatment unit continuously takes the sample of the waste liquid from the waste liquid discharge unit, the flow of the waste liquid can be regulated through the flow regulating valve to obtain quantitative sampling waste liquid, and the sampling waste liquid is transmitted to at least one reverse osmosis treatment module.
The reverse osmosis treatment module is connected with the flow regulating valve and is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid obtained by sampling to obtain concentrated waste liquid; the concentrated solution transmission pump is connected with at least one reverse osmosis treatment module and is used for pumping concentrated waste liquid into the monitoring unit.
And after the flow regulating valve regulates the flow of the sampling waste liquid, the radionuclide in the sampling waste liquid is enriched and concentrated through the reverse osmosis treatment module, so that the treated concentrated waste liquid is obtained, and the concentrated waste liquid is pumped into the monitoring unit through the concentrated liquid transmission pump.
In one possible embodiment, the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module is a reverse osmosis treatment module, which is connected between the flow control valve and the concentrate delivery pump.
In another possible embodiment, in the case that the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module is a plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules, the plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules are cascaded in sequence between the flow control valve and the concentrate delivery pump.
According to the embodiment of the application, when the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system quantitatively collects the waste liquid sample from the waste liquid discharge unit through the combination of the flow regulating valve, the reverse osmosis treatment module and the concentrated liquid transmission pump, the flow regulating valve can be used for regulating the sampling flow of the waste liquid to obtain quantitative sampling waste liquid, the reverse osmosis treatment module is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the radionuclide in the sampling waste liquid, and the concentrated waste liquid after treatment is pumped into the monitoring unit through the concentrated liquid transmission pump for carrying out subsequent monitoring and treatment, so that the accuracy of waste liquid treatment is improved, and the overall performance of the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the reverse osmosis treatment module in this embodiment includes a booster pump, a reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, and a concentrated waste liquid transfer motor valve connected in sequence, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
The booster pump is used for pumping the sampling waste liquid transmitted by the flow regulating valve or the pre-concentrated waste liquid output by the pre-reverse osmosis treatment module into the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group; the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is used for carrying out enrichment concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-stage concentration waste liquid to obtain the current concentration waste liquid; the concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve is used for transmitting the current concentrated waste liquid to a concentrated liquid transmission pump or a lower reverse osmosis treatment module.
In one possible implementation manner, the reverse osmosis treatment unit comprises a reverse osmosis treatment module, a booster pump of the reverse osmosis treatment module pressurizes the sampled waste liquid regulated by the flow regulating valve into a reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid, and the obtained current concentrated waste liquid is transmitted to a concentrated liquid transmission pump through a concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve.
In another possible embodiment, the reverse osmosis treatment unit includes a plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules, the booster pump of the first reverse osmosis treatment module pressurizes the sampled waste liquid regulated by the flow regulating valve into the first reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, the first reverse osmosis treatment membrane group performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid to obtain a current concentrated waste liquid, the first concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve transmits the current concentrated waste liquid to the second reverse osmosis treatment module, the booster pump of the second reverse osmosis treatment module pressurizes the concentrated waste liquid into the second reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, the second reverse osmosis treatment membrane group performs enrichment concentration treatment on the concentrated waste liquid again to obtain the current concentrated waste liquid treated by the second reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, and the current concentrated waste liquid is transmitted to the concentrated liquid transmission pump through the second concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve.
The booster pump in the non-first osmosis treatment module is used for pumping the concentrated waste liquid of the front stage output by the front stage reverse osmosis treatment module into the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group of the next stage.
Illustratively, the reverse osmosis treatment unit may include two reverse osmosis treatment modules, a primary reverse osmosis treatment module and a secondary reverse osmosis treatment module; the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment module comprises a first-stage booster pump, a first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and a first-stage concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve; the second-stage reverse osmosis treatment module comprises a second-stage booster pump, a second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and a second-stage concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve.
The reverse osmosis treatment unit pressurizes the sampling waste liquid regulated by the flow regulating valve to a first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group through a first-stage booster pump, the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group carries out reverse osmosis treatment on the sampling waste liquid to realize enrichment concentration of radionuclides in the sampling waste liquid, concentrated waste liquid after reverse osmosis treatment is obtained, then the current concentrated waste liquid is transmitted to a second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group through a first-stage concentrated waste liquid transmission motor valve and a second-stage booster pump, the second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group further carries out enrichment concentration treatment on the concentrated waste liquid obtained after enrichment concentration treatment of the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, and the current concentrated waste liquid obtained after treatment is transmitted to a concentrated liquid transmission pump.
The reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-stage concentrated waste liquid to obtain clean waste liquid.
In the embodiment of the application, the reverse osmosis treatment unit further comprises a waste liquid discharge electric valve, the waste liquid discharge electric valve can control the discharge of the cleaning waste liquid, and when the waste liquid discharge electric valve is opened, the cleaning waste liquid is allowed to be discharged from the reverse osmosis treatment unit; when the waste liquid discharge electric valve is closed, the cleaning waste liquid is prevented from being discharged from the reverse osmosis treatment unit, and the waste liquid discharge electric valve is connected to the waste liquid discharge unit, so that the cleaning waste liquid can be discharged into the waste liquid discharge pipe in the waste liquid discharge unit.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the input port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane module in this embodiment is provided with a first flow sensor, and the output port for outputting the cleaning waste liquid in the reverse osmosis treatment membrane module is provided with a second flow sensor.
In the embodiment of the application, the first flow sensor is a flow sensor arranged at an input port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and is used for measuring the flow of fluid (sampling waste liquid or pre-concentrated waste liquid) entering the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and electrically transmitting the measured flow data to the monitoring unit; the second flow sensor is a flow sensor provided at an output port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane module for outputting the cleaning waste liquid, and functions to measure a flow rate of the cleaning waste liquid outputted from the reverse osmosis treatment membrane module and electrically transmit the measured flow rate data to the monitoring unit.
The monitoring unit is also used for determining whether to output first alarm information according to the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, and the first alarm information is used for indicating flushing the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group or replacing the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group.
The sensing data refers to data of the flow rate of the measurement fluid (sampling waste liquid or pre-concentrated waste liquid or cleaning waste liquid) obtained by the monitoring unit from the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor.
The monitoring unit comprises a first alarm module, the first alarm module is used for receiving and processing sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, determining whether to output first alarm information according to the sensing data, and when the monitoring unit monitors that the sensing data measured by the second flow sensor is lower than a preset threshold value, the first alarm module can be understood that when the sensing data measured by the second flow sensor is lower than 60% of the sensing data measured by the first flow sensor, the first alarm module outputs the first alarm information.
Here, the first alarm information may be in the form of a visual alarm, and the alarm state is displayed by a flashing light, a color alarm lamp or a buzzer alarm; the first alarm information may also be in the form of a text alarm, the alarm state being displayed by displaying text on a monitoring interface or display screen.
When a first alarm module in the monitoring unit outputs first alarm information, an electric valve and a waste liquid discharge pump in the waste liquid discharge unit are required to be closed, the discharge of waste liquid in the storage tank is stopped, meanwhile, a flushing electric valve in the reverse osmosis treatment unit is opened to flush the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group in the reverse osmosis treatment unit, and if the first alarm information still shows an alarm state after flushing, the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is replaced.
In the following, the monitoring unit is described for continuously monitoring the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid on line.
In one embodiment, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 1, referring to fig. 5, the monitoring unit in this embodiment includes a measuring unit connected to the reverse osmosis treatment unit for measuring the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid from the concentrated waste liquid; the monitoring unit is connected with the measuring unit and used for comparing the radioactive concentration with a preset concentration threshold value and controlling the waste liquid discharge unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit to stop working under the condition that the radioactive concentration is larger than the preset concentration threshold value.
The function of the measuring unit will be explained in the following examples.
In an embodiment of the present application, the measuring unit includes a ring column shapeSensitive detector, loop column/>The sensitive detector is provided with a waste liquid transmission pipeline for transmitting concentrated waste liquid in a penetrating way, and it is understood that the waste liquid transmission pipeline can be formed from a circular column shape/>Pass through the sensitive detector, and the concentrated waste liquid in the waste liquid transmission pipeline is released/>Rays can be looped column/>, at 2 pi anglesThe sensitive detector detects.
The measuring unit also comprises a lead shielding body which is arranged around the annular column shapeThe lead shield can be used to shield the environment background/>, at the periphery of the sensitive detectorRays and universe/>And (5) rays.
Wherein the environmental backgroundThe ray refers to the release/>, of radioactive elements existing in the natural environmentThe rays, cosmic rays in the earth and its surrounding space, also contain/>Ray components, these background/>Rays and universe/>The presence of rays may be in the form of a cyclic column/>Interference signals are generated in the measuring process of the sensitive detector, and the circular column/> isinfluencedMeasurement of radionuclide concentration in waste liquid by sensitive detector, however, lead shield has higher density, environmental background/>Rays and universe/>The ray has higher blocking capability, and can block and reduce environmental background/>Rays and universe/>Ray-generated interference signals.
Thus, the waste liquid is transmitted from the annular column shapeThe sensitive detector passes through the circular column/>, and the circular column/>, can be increasedThe sensitive detector detects the area of the concentrated waste liquid and improves the detection efficiency, and meanwhile, the concentrated waste liquid passes through the lead shielding body and the annular column/>The sensitive detectors are mutually combined, so that the environment background/>Rays and universe/>Interference signal of ray, improving loop column/>Accuracy of the sensitive detector in detecting concentrated waste liquid.
The measuring unit is specifically used for substituting the measured radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, the flow of the sampling waste liquid, the discharge flow of the concentrated waste liquid and the enrichment concentration coefficient into a preset radioactive concentration calculation formula to obtain the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid.
As described above, if the reverse osmosis treatment unit includes two reverse osmosis treatment modules of the first stage reverse osmosis treatment module and the second stage reverse osmosis treatment module, the calculation formulas of the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid are as follows (1), (2) and (3):
(1)
(2)
(3)
The concentration coefficient of enrichment of a single reverse osmosis treatment membrane group on waste liquid is 0.9-0.95, the flow of the current concentrated waste liquid generated after treatment of each stage of reverse osmosis treatment module is 30% -40% of the flow of the inlet waste liquid (namely sampling waste liquid or pre-stage concentrated waste liquid) of the reverse osmosis treatment module, and the flow of the clean waste liquid generated after treatment is 60% -70% of the flow of the inlet waste liquid (namely sampling waste liquid or pre-stage concentrated waste liquid) of the reverse osmosis treatment module.
In the method, in the process of the invention,The radioactive concentration of the sampled waste liquid (the radioactive concentration of the discharged liquid in the waste liquid discharge unit) is expressed in Bq/m 3; /(I)The radioactive concentration of the current concentrated waste liquid after enrichment and concentration treatment by the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and the second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is represented by Bq/m 3; /(I)The sampling flow of the sampling waste liquid is expressed as m 3/h; /(I)The current concentrated waste liquid discharge flow rate after enrichment and concentration treatment by the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and the second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is expressed as m 3/h; /(I)And/>Respectively representing a first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and a second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, wherein the concentration coefficient of the radionuclide in the sampling waste liquid is generally 0.9-0.95; /(I)And/>The ratio of the current concentrated waste liquid flow to the reverse osmosis treatment module inlet waste liquid (namely sampling waste liquid or pre-concentrated waste liquid) flow is generally 30% -40% after enrichment concentration treatment is carried out on the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and the second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane group respectively.
The function of the monitoring unit will be described in the following embodiments.
In the embodiment of the application, the monitoring unit compares the measured and calculated radioactive concentration of the radioactive nuclide in the discharged waste liquid with a preset threshold (50 Bq/L), if the radioactive concentration of the radioactive nuclide in the discharged waste liquid is larger than the preset threshold, the waste liquid discharge pump and the electric valve in the waste liquid discharge unit are automatically interlocked and closed, the waste liquid in the storage tank is stopped from being discharged outwards, the waste liquid with the radioactive concentration exceeding the standard is prevented from being discharged to the environment, and meanwhile, the waste liquid discharge pump and the booster pump in the reverse osmosis treatment unit are automatically interlocked and closed, so that the equipment in the system is prevented from idling and damaging.
In one possible implementation, the monitoring unit further comprises a super-threshold alarm module, when the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid is greater than a preset threshold value, the super-threshold alarm module outputs a super-threshold alarm signal, and according to the super-threshold alarm signal, the waste liquid in the storage tank is prompted to be resampled and sent to a laboratory for analysis through super-threshold alarm flashing, buzzer alarm or text display on a monitoring interface, and if the analysis is qualified, the discharge and monitoring of the waste liquid in the storage tank are restarted.
In one embodiment, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 1, referring to fig. 6, a waste liquid discharge filter for filtering large-particle-diameter particles in the discharged waste liquid is provided in the waste liquid discharge unit in the present embodiment; the input port of the waste liquid discharge filter is provided with a first pressure sensor, and the output port of the waste liquid discharge filter is provided with a second pressure sensor.
In the embodiment of the application, the waste liquid discharge unit is provided with the waste liquid discharge filter which is composed of a special structure and materials, when the discharged waste liquid passes through the waste liquid discharge filter, large-particle-size (more than 0.45 μm) particles in the discharged waste liquid can be captured in the pore canal on the surface or in the inside of the filter membrane by the filter membrane in the waste liquid discharge filter, thereby realizing the capturing and filtering of the large-particle-size (more than 0.45 μm) particles, and the large-particle-size (more than 0.45 μm) particles can be radioactive particles (i.e. hot particles).
In this way, the waste liquid discharge filter is additionally arranged in the waste liquid discharge unit, when the waste liquid in the storage tank is discharged, radioactive particles in the waste liquid can be effectively filtered and discharged through the waste liquid discharge filter, the radioactive particles are prevented from being discharged to the environment, and the radioactive particles mixed in the waste liquid can be effectively eliminated, the extracted radioactive concentration of the sampled waste liquid measured and calculated in the measuring unit is greater than the preset concentration threshold value, so that the waste liquid discharge unit is stopped, and the waste liquid in the storage tank cannot be discharged outwards normally.
The first pressure sensor is arranged at the input port of the waste liquid discharge filter and is mainly used for measuring the pressure at the input port of the waste liquid discharge filter, and when discharged waste liquid enters the waste liquid discharge filter from the input port, the fluid pressure of the discharged waste liquid can apply pressure to the first pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor acquires the pressure value data at the input port; the second pressure sensor is a pressure sensor arranged at the output port of the waste liquid discharge filter and is mainly used for measuring the pressure at the output port of the waste liquid discharge filter, after the discharged waste liquid passes through the waste liquid discharge filter, the discharged waste liquid flows out from the output port of the waste liquid discharge filter, the pressure is applied to the second pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor acquires the pressure value data at the output port.
The monitoring unit is also used for determining whether to output second alarm information according to the sensing data of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, or determining whether to output the second alarm information according to the first alarm information and the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, wherein the second alarm information is used for prompting the replacement of the filter element of the waste liquid discharge filter.
Here, the sensing data of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor may be pressure value data of the discharged waste liquid acquired from the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor by the monitoring unit.
The monitoring unit comprises a second alarm module, the second alarm module is used for receiving and processing sensing data of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, determining whether to output second alarm information according to the sensing data, and outputting the second alarm information when the monitoring unit monitors that the difference value between the sensing data of the second pressure sensor and the sensing data of the first pressure sensor is higher than a preset threshold value.
As described above, the second alarm information may be in the form of a visual alarm, and the alarm state is displayed by flashing light, a color alarm lamp and a buzzer; the second alarm information may also be in the form of a text alarm, the alarm status being displayed by displaying text on a monitoring interface or display screen.
When the second alarm module in the monitoring unit outputs the second alarm information, the filter element of the waste liquid discharge filter in the waste liquid discharge unit needs to be replaced.
According to the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system, the waste liquid discharge filter is additionally arranged in the waste liquid discharge unit, so that the radioactive particles are prevented from triggering an alarm along with water flow migration, the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid is interrupted, the safety of waste liquid discharge is improved, meanwhile, the state of the waste liquid discharge filter is monitored through the pressure sensor, and the reliability of the treatment process of the discharged waste liquid is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 7, there is provided a radioactive waste monitoring system comprising:
and the waste liquid discharge unit is used for being connected with the storage tank and discharging the waste liquid stored in the storage tank and discharged from the nuclear power plant.
Wherein, be provided with the waste liquid and discharge the filter in the waste liquid discharge unit, the waste liquid discharges the filter and is used for filtering the large-size granule in the waste liquid of discharge.
The input port of the waste liquid discharge filter is provided with a first pressure sensor, and the output port of the waste liquid discharge filter is provided with a second pressure sensor.
The reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid, and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid.
Wherein, reverse osmosis treatment unit includes: the flow regulating valve is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for regulating the flow of the discharged waste liquid to obtain the flow of the sampled waste liquid by flow control sampling; the reverse osmosis treatment module is connected with the flow regulating valve and is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid; and the concentrated solution transmission pump is connected with the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module and is used for pumping the concentrated waste liquid into the monitoring unit.
In the case where the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module is a plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules, the plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules are sequentially cascaded between the flow regulating valve and the concentrate delivery pump.
Reverse osmosis treatment module is including the booster pump, reverse osmosis treatment membrane group and the concentrated waste liquid transmission motorised valve that connect gradually, wherein: the booster pump is used for pumping the sampling waste liquid transmitted by the flow regulating valve or the pre-concentrated waste liquid output by the pre-reverse osmosis treatment module into the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group; the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is used for carrying out enrichment concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-stage concentration waste liquid to obtain the current concentration waste liquid; and the concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve is used for transmitting the current concentrated waste liquid to a concentrated liquid transmission pump or a lower reverse osmosis treatment module.
The reverse osmosis treatment membrane group performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-stage concentrated waste liquid to obtain clean waste liquid; the input port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is provided with a first flow sensor, and the output port for outputting the cleaning waste liquid in the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is provided with a second flow sensor.
And the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
Wherein the monitoring unit includes: the measuring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid; the monitoring unit is connected with the measuring unit and used for comparing the radioactive concentration with a preset concentration threshold value and controlling the waste liquid discharge unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit to stop working under the condition that the radioactive concentration is larger than the preset concentration threshold value.
The measuring unit comprises a ring column shapeSensitive detector, loop column/>A waste liquid transmission pipeline for transmitting concentrated waste liquid is arranged in the sensitive detector in a penetrating way.
The measuring unit also comprises a lead shielding body which is arranged around the annular column shapeThe periphery of the sensitive detector; lead shield for shielding environmental background/>Rays and universe/>And (5) rays.
The measuring unit is specifically used for substituting the radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, the flow of the sampling waste liquid, the discharge flow of the concentrated waste liquid and the enrichment concentration coefficient into a preset radioactive concentration calculation formula to obtain the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid.
The monitoring unit is also used for determining whether to output first alarm information according to the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, and the first alarm information is used for indicating flushing the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group or replacing the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group.
The monitoring unit is also used for determining whether to output second alarm information according to the sensing data of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, or determining whether to output the second alarm information according to the first alarm information and the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, wherein the second alarm information is used for prompting the replacement of the filter element of the waste liquid discharge filter.
Hereinafter, the implementation of the radioactive waste monitoring system of the above embodiment will be briefly described.
Exemplarily, reference is made to fig. 8, which is a process flow diagram of an exemplary radioactive waste monitoring system.
If the radioactive concentration of the waste liquid in the storage tank 01 is lower than the waste liquid discharge control value of the inland nuclear power plant, namely, the radioactive concentration of the waste liquid in the storage tank is lower than 50Bq/L, the waste liquid in the storage tank can be controllably discharged to the environment.
When the waste liquid in the storage tank is discharged, the monitoring unit is required to open the electric valves 101 and 110 and the electric flow control valve 107 through the remote control module, and after the electric valves 101 and 110 and the electric flow control valve 107 are confirmed to be in the open state, the waste liquid discharge pump 102 is started to orderly discharge the waste liquid in the storage tank to the environment through the groove type discharge port 111.
Wherein, the waste liquid in the storage tank is conveyed by the electric valve 101 and the waste liquid discharge pump 102, flows through the stop valve 103 and the first pressure sensor 104, the radioactive particles (hot particles) in the discharged waste liquid are removed by the waste liquid discharge filter 105, the filtered discharged waste liquid is orderly discharged to the environment through the groove type discharge port 111 by the second pressure sensor 106, the stop valve 107, the electric flow control valve 108, the flow sensor 109 and the electric valve 110, and the discharge flow of the waste liquid discharge pump 102 is generally 120m 3/h~150m3/h.
In the process of discharging the waste liquid in the storage tank, the first pressure sensor 104 and the second pressure sensor 106 of the waste liquid discharging unit 10 transmit the measured data thereof to the data receiving and processing module in the monitoring unit, the data receiving and processing module receives the data uploaded by the sensor and monitors the data uploaded by the sensor through the pressure comparing module in the data receiving and processing module, when the difference between the measured data of the second pressure sensor and the measured data of the first pressure sensor is monitored to be higher than the preset threshold value, the alarm module outputs second alarm information, for example, when the pressure difference between the second pressure sensor 106 and the first pressure sensor 104 is larger than 0.1Mpa, the second alarm information is output, and the filter element of the waste liquid discharging filter 105 is prompted to be replaced by an alarm lamp, a buzzer alarm or a text displayed on a monitoring interface.
The reverse osmosis treatment unit 20 continuously extracts a fixed amount of sampled waste liquid from the waste liquid discharge pipe of the waste liquid discharge unit 10, adjusts its flow rate by the monitoring unit remote control flow rate adjusting valve 201, and transmits it to the primary reverse osmosis treatment membrane group 204 via the primary booster pump 202 and the first flow rate sensor 203.
The primary reverse osmosis treatment membrane group 204 performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid to obtain current concentrated waste liquid and clean waste liquid respectively, and discharges the clean waste liquid with lower radioactive concentration to a waste liquid discharge pipe in the waste liquid discharge unit 10 through the second flow sensor 205 and the waste liquid discharge electric valve 206, and the current concentrated waste liquid is transmitted to the secondary reverse osmosis treatment membrane group 210 through the primary concentrated liquid transmission electric valve 207, the secondary booster pump 208 and the first flow sensor 209.
The second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane set 210 further performs enrichment concentration treatment on the concentrated waste liquid obtained after enrichment concentration treatment by the first-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane set 204, and also obtains the current concentrated waste liquid and clean waste liquid respectively, the second-stage reverse osmosis treatment membrane set 210 discharges the clean waste liquid with lower radioactivity concentration after treatment to a waste liquid discharge pipe in the waste liquid discharge unit 10 through the second flow sensor 211 and the waste liquid discharge electric valve 212, and transmits the current concentrated waste liquid to the monitoring unit 30 through the flow sensor 213, the concentrated liquid transmission electric valve 214 and the concentrated liquid transmission pump 215, and discharges the current concentrated waste liquid to the waste liquid discharge pipe in the waste liquid discharge unit 10 after measurement by the monitoring unit 30.
The first flow sensors 203 and 209 and the second flow sensors 205 and 211 electrically transmit the measured sensing data to a data receiving processing module in the monitoring unit, and when the data receiving processing module monitors that the sensing data measured by the second flow sensors is lower than 60% of the sensing data measured by the first flow sensors through the flow comparison module, the first alarming information is output, and the first alarming information is prompted through an alarming lamp, a buzzer alarm or a text displayed on a monitoring interface. If the alarm lamp flashes or the buzzer alarms, the electric valve 101 and the waste liquid discharge pump 102 in the waste liquid discharge unit 10 are closed through the remote control module, the discharge of the waste liquid is stopped, meanwhile, the electric valve 216 of the reverse osmosis treatment unit 20 is opened to flush the reverse osmosis treatment membrane groups 204 and 210 in the reverse osmosis treatment unit 20, and if the alarm lamp still flashes or the buzzer alarms after flushing, the reverse osmosis treatment membrane groups are replaced.
The measuring unit 30 consists of a lead shield 301 and a ring column-shaped gamma sensitive detector 302, and the concentrated waste liquid treated by the reverse osmosis treatment unit 20 passes through a waste liquid transmission pipeline from the lead shield 301 and the ring column-shaped of the measuring unit 30Pass through the sensitive detector 302, and are formed by annular columns/>The sensitive detector 302 measures the radioactive concentration of the concentrated waste liquid in the waste liquid transmission line and electrically transmits the measurement result to the monitoring unit.
Exemplarily, reference is made to fig. 9, which is a block diagram of an exemplary radioactive waste monitoring system. As shown in fig. 9, the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system comprises a storage tank, a waste liquid discharge unit, a reverse osmosis treatment unit, a measurement unit, a monitoring unit and a tank type discharge port.
The radioactive waste liquid monitoring system can realize the automatic control of the waste liquid discharge unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit through the monitoring unit.
Reference is illustratively made to fig. 10, which is a control diagram of a monitoring unit in an exemplary radioactive waste monitoring system. As shown in fig. 10, the monitoring unit includes a remote control module, a flow control module, a data receiving and processing module, an alarm module, and an automatic control module.
The monitoring unit can monitor parameters such as pressure, flow and concentration of the waste liquid discharge unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit through the pressure sensor and the flow sensor, and receive, process and analyze corresponding data through the data receiving and processing module.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, there is provided a radioactive waste monitoring method for use in the radioactive waste monitoring system described in the above embodiment, the radioactive waste monitoring system being for connection to a storage tank, the method comprising:
Step 100, a waste liquid discharge unit discharges discharged waste liquid of a nuclear power plant stored in a storage tank;
step 200, performing flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid by a reverse osmosis treatment unit to obtain sampling waste liquid, and performing enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid;
step 300, the monitoring unit measures and calculates the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
As an embodiment, the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system is connected to the storage tank, and the waste liquid discharge unit in the radioactive waste liquid monitoring system can discharge the radioactive waste liquid of the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank when the measured value of the radioactivity of the sample of the waste liquid in the storage tank is lower than the preset control value of the waste liquid discharge of the power plant, for example, the measured value of the radioactivity of the sample is lower than 50 Bq/L. In the waste liquid discharge process, the reverse osmosis treatment unit quantitatively controls and samples the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid, the sampling waste liquid is enriched and concentrated through the reverse osmosis treatment module to obtain concentrated waste liquid, the concentrated waste liquid is conveyed to the monitoring unit, the monitoring unit measures and calculates the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid, and if the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid is greater than a preset threshold value, the discharge of the waste liquid in the storage tank outwards is stopped.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the term "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of the application should be assessed as that of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A radioactive waste monitoring system, comprising:
The waste liquid discharge unit is used for being connected with the storage tank and discharging the waste liquid discharged by the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank;
The reverse osmosis treatment unit is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and is used for carrying out flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid and carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid in the discharge process of the discharged waste liquid;
And the monitoring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring and calculating the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the reverse osmosis treatment unit comprises:
the flow regulating valve is connected with the waste liquid discharge unit and used for regulating the sampling flow of the discharged waste liquid;
the reverse osmosis treatment module is connected with the flow regulating valve and is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampled waste liquid obtained by sampling to obtain the concentrated waste liquid;
and the concentrated solution transmission pump is connected with the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module and is used for pumping the concentrated waste liquid into the monitoring unit.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein, in the case where the at least one reverse osmosis treatment module is a plurality of reverse osmosis treatment modules, a plurality of the reverse osmosis treatment modules are cascaded in sequence between the flow regulating valve and the concentrate delivery pump.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the reverse osmosis treatment module comprises a booster pump, a reverse osmosis treatment membrane group, and a concentrated waste liquid transfer electrovalve connected in sequence, wherein:
The booster pump is used for pumping the sampling waste liquid transmitted by the flow regulating valve or the pre-concentrated waste liquid output by the pre-reverse osmosis treatment module into the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group;
the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is used for carrying out enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-stage concentrated waste liquid to obtain the current concentrated waste liquid;
And the concentrated waste liquid transmission electric valve is used for transmitting the current concentrated waste liquid to the concentrated liquid transmission pump or the lower reverse osmosis treatment module.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group performs enrichment concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid or the pre-concentrated waste liquid to obtain a current concentrated liquid and a cleaning waste liquid; the input port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group is provided with a first flow sensor, and the output port of the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group for outputting the cleaning waste liquid is provided with a second flow sensor;
The monitoring unit is also used for determining whether to output first alarm information according to the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, and the first alarm information is used for indicating to flush the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group or replace the reverse osmosis treatment membrane group.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the monitoring unit comprises:
the measuring unit is connected with the reverse osmosis treatment unit and is used for measuring the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid;
And the monitoring unit is connected with the measuring unit and is used for comparing the radioactive concentration with a preset concentration threshold value and controlling the waste liquid discharge unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit to stop working under the condition that the radioactive concentration is larger than the preset concentration threshold value.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the measurement unit comprises a loop columnSensitive detector, the loop column/>And a waste liquid transmission pipeline for transmitting the concentrated waste liquid is arranged in the sensitive detector in a penetrating way.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the measurement unit further comprises a lead shield surrounding the loop columnThe periphery of the sensitive detector;
the lead shield is used for shielding environmental background Rays and universe/>And (5) rays.
9. The system according to claim 6, wherein the measuring unit is specifically configured to substitute the radioactivity concentration of the concentrated waste liquid, the flow rate of the sampled waste liquid, the discharge flow rate of the concentrated waste liquid, and the enrichment concentration coefficient into a preset radioactivity concentration calculation formula to obtain the radioactivity concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein a waste discharge filter is provided in the waste discharge unit, the waste discharge filter for filtering large-sized particles in the discharged waste.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the input port of the waste drain filter is provided with a first pressure sensor and the output port of the waste drain filter is provided with a second pressure sensor;
the monitoring unit is further used for determining whether to output second alarm information according to the sensing data of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, or determining whether to output second alarm information according to the first alarm information and the sensing data of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor, and the second alarm information is used for prompting replacement of a filter element of the waste liquid discharge filter.
12. A method of radioactive waste monitoring for use in a radioactive waste monitoring system of any one of claims 1-11, the radioactive waste monitoring system being for connection to a storage tank, the method comprising:
the waste liquid discharge unit discharges the discharged waste liquid of the nuclear power plant stored in the storage tank;
The reverse osmosis treatment unit performs flow control sampling on the discharged waste liquid to obtain sampling waste liquid, and performs enrichment and concentration treatment on the sampling waste liquid to obtain concentrated waste liquid;
and the monitoring unit measures and calculates the radioactive concentration of the radionuclide in the discharged waste liquid according to the concentrated waste liquid.
CN202311320900.XA 2023-10-12 2023-10-12 Radioactive waste liquid monitoring system and radioactive waste liquid monitoring method Pending CN117949999A (en)

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