CN117949972A - Laser radar-based method, system and device for measuring wind field of take-off and landing channel of airplane - Google Patents
Laser radar-based method, system and device for measuring wind field of take-off and landing channel of airplane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a laser radar-based method, a laser radar-based system and a laser radar-based device for measuring a wind field of an airplane take-off and landing channel. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in an airplane take-off and landing channel, and selecting an optimal CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from a CFD flow field model library; obtaining each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to errors between radial wind speed and an optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the errors, and performing POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order of basis vectors to obtain a reconstructed steady-state wake component; and correcting the offshore platform wake model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake component, and searching wind field three-dimensional information of the airplane take-off and landing channel by using the corrected offshore platform wake model. By adopting the method, the wind field measurement of the aircraft landing channel with high efficiency and high precision can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a method, a system and a device for measuring an airplane take-off and landing channel wind field based on a laser radar.
Background
The wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel is critical to the flight safety, and the wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel is complex and has severe change due to the reasons of movement of an offshore platform and the like, wherein wind measurement, sinking wind and the like seriously influence the airplane flight, so that the airplane take-off and landing process with relatively high pose precision requirements is greatly influenced, and the airplane take-off and landing safety is seriously influenced. Therefore, accurate and efficient measurement of three-dimensional information of wind fields in an airplane take-off and landing channel is required, reference information is provided for airplane take-off and landing, and airplane safety take-off and landing is ensured.
The existing wind field measurement related to the airplane flight is mainly applied to the wind field measurement for airport weather, the airplane wake flow measurement and the like, and the wind field measurement for airport weather focuses on the whole stable wind field information of a large-size area, so that a reference is provided for the establishment of a flight plan; the influence of the focused aircraft wake on the subsequent flight of the aircraft is measured by the aircraft wake, the radar is mostly arranged at the side of the runway, the measurement of the parameters of the double-vortex flow field at the tail of the aircraft is completed in a vertical scanning mode, the measurement efficiency is low, and the measurement data on one tangential plane can be obtained by one-time scanning. In the ship-based aircraft landing assisting method based on the wind-measuring laser radar and the CFD database, which is provided by the Chinese patent with the issued publication number of CN109703770B, the wind-measuring laser radar obtains actual measurement data in a constant zenith angle scanning mode, the actual measurement efficiency is low, in addition, the method searches optimal data from the CFD database based on the actual measurement data, and adjusts a calculation domain, grid quality, boundary conditions, a turbulence model and the like in the CFD model according to the comparison result of the actual measurement data and the CFD data, so that the problems of high adjustment difficulty and low adjustment efficiency exist, the accuracy of the adjusted model cannot be ensured, and the measurement of an aircraft landing channel wind field with high efficiency and high accuracy is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a method, a system and a device for measuring an airplane take-off and landing channel wind field based on a laser radar.
An aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement method based on a laser radar, the method comprising:
Establishing a CFD flow field model library of an offshore platform airplane take-off and landing channel; the CFD flow field model library comprises a plurality of CFD flow field models; the CFD flow field model is obtained by simulating an offshore platform steady-state wake flow field model under a preset working condition through CFD calculation software;
Acquiring radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in an airplane take-off and landing channel measured by a wind measuring laser radar, and selecting a CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from the CFD flow field model library to obtain an optimal CFD flow field model; the wind-measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned with the aircraft take-off and landing channel;
Obtaining each order basis vector and corresponding coefficient of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, and carrying out POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order basis vector to obtain a reconstructed steady-state wake flow component;
Correcting a pre-constructed offshore platform wake model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake component to obtain a corrected offshore platform wake model;
And searching three-dimensional information of the wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel by using the corrected offshore platform wake model so as to assist the airplane to take off and land.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: the ocean platform wake model is as follows:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, Is free atmosphere turbulence,/>Is steady state wake,/>As a component of the periodicity,Is a random wake component.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: according to each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem aiming at minimizing errors of the optimal CFD flow field model and the radial wind speed; and solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient corresponding to each order of basis vector.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and irradiating the plane take-off and landing channel of the offshore platform by using the wind-measuring laser radar to emit laser, acquiring a back scattering signal of aerosol particles in the plane take-off and landing channel, and carrying out Doppler spectrum analysis on the back scattering signal to obtain the radial wind speed along the direction of the laser beam.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and simulating the steady-state wake flow field model of the offshore platform under the preset working condition by adopting an LBM-LES-based wake flow field numerical simulation method to obtain a CFD flow field model.
The system for measuring the wind field of the take-off and landing channel of the airplane based on the laser radar comprises terminal equipment, wherein the terminal equipment comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the following steps when executing the computer program:
Establishing a CFD flow field model library of an offshore platform airplane take-off and landing channel; the CFD flow field model library comprises a plurality of CFD flow field models; the CFD flow field model is obtained by simulating an offshore platform steady-state wake flow field model under a preset working condition through CFD calculation software;
Acquiring radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in an airplane take-off and landing channel measured by a wind measuring laser radar, and selecting a CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from the CFD flow field model library to obtain an optimal CFD flow field model; and the wind-measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned with the take-off and landing channel of the airplane.
Obtaining each order basis vector and corresponding coefficient of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, and carrying out POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order basis vector to obtain a reconstructed steady-state wake flow component;
Correcting a pre-constructed offshore platform wake model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake component to obtain a corrected offshore platform wake model;
And searching three-dimensional information of the wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel by using the corrected offshore platform wake model so as to assist the airplane to take off and land.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: the wind-measuring laser radar is connected with the terminal equipment and is used for measuring the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the take-off and landing channel of the airplane.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and adjusting the angle of the turntable according to the space position of the current take-off and landing channel of the airplane to be tested, so that the wind-measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned with the take-off and landing channel of the airplane to be tested.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: the wind-measuring laser radar comprises a photoelectric integrated module, a lens assembly and a digital signal acquisition and processing module; the photoelectric integrated module is respectively connected with the lens assembly and the digital signal acquisition and processing module; the photoelectric integrated module comprises a laser seed source, a first optical divider, an AOM, an EDFA, a circulator, a second optical divider and a balance detector, wherein the second optical divider is respectively connected with the first optical divider, the balance detector and the circulator; the laser generated by the laser seed source is split into one path of emission light and one path of reference light through the first optical splitter, and the emission light is emitted through the lens assembly after passing through the AOM, the EDFA and the circulator so as to irradiate aerosol particles on the optical path; the lens component receives the backward scattering laser signals of the aerosol particles, and the backward scattering laser signals are processed by the balance detector and then sent to the digital signal acquisition and processing module together with the reference light; the digital signal acquisition and processing module comprises an A/D sampling module and an FPGA+ARM processing module, and is used for carrying out Doppler frequency shift analysis on the received laser signals, realizing the measurement of radial wind speed along the laser beam direction, and transmitting the radial wind speed to the terminal equipment.
An aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement device based on a lidar, the device comprising:
The flow field model library construction module is used for constructing a CFD flow field model library of the take-off and landing channel of the offshore platform aircraft; the CFD flow field model library comprises a plurality of CFD flow field models; the CFD flow field model is obtained by simulating an offshore platform steady-state wake flow field model under a preset working condition through CFD calculation software;
The optimal flow field model acquisition module is used for acquiring the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the take-off and landing channel of the airplane, which is measured by the wind measuring laser radar, and selecting the CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from the CFD flow field model library to obtain an optimal CFD flow field model;
The POD reconstruction module is used for acquiring each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, and carrying out POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order of basis vectors to obtain a reconstruction steady-state wake component;
The wake flow correction module is used for correcting the pre-constructed offshore platform wake flow model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake flow component to obtain a corrected offshore platform wake flow model;
And the take-off and landing auxiliary module is used for searching three-dimensional information of a wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel by utilizing the corrected offshore platform wake model so as to assist the airplane to take off and land.
According to the laser radar-based method, the system and the device for measuring the wind field of the aircraft take-off and landing channel, the CFD calculation software is used for simulating and establishing the CFD flow field model library of the aircraft take-off and landing channel of the offshore platform under each preset working condition, then the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the aircraft take-off and landing channel obtained by measuring the laser radar of the wind is obtained, so that the optimal CFD flow field model with the minimum deviation error from the radial wind speed is obtained, then the basis vectors of all steps and the corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition are obtained, the rapid reconstruction of the steady-state wake flow component is realized, particularly, the least square optimization problem is established according to the error between the actual measurement data and the simulation value of the optimal CFD flow field model, the reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error is solved, the POD reconstruction is carried out on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and all the basis vectors, finally the accurate wake model of the pre-constructed offshore platform is corrected according to the reconstructed steady-state wake flow component, and the corrected wake flow information of the aircraft take-off and landing channel is retrieved by using the auxiliary wind field of the aircraft. According to the embodiment of the invention, the wind field measurement of the aircraft landing channel with high efficiency and high precision can be realized, so that the take-off and landing of the aircraft are more effectively assisted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring a wind field of an aircraft take-off and landing channel based on a lidar in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the components of an aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement system based on lidar in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmit-receive principle of a wind lidar according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind lidar integrated module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is an internal block diagram of a terminal device in one embodiment;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement device based on lidar in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a laser radar-based wind field measurement method for an aircraft take-off and landing passage, including the steps of:
step 102, a CFD flow field model library of an offshore platform airplane take-off and landing channel is established.
And an airplane take-off and landing channel is arranged on the offshore platform, and the steady-state wake flow field model of the offshore platform under each preset working condition is simulated by CFD calculation software to obtain a plurality of CFD flow field models, so that a CFD flow field model library is constructed.
Step 104, obtaining the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the take-off and landing channel of the airplane, which is measured by the wind measuring laser radar, and selecting the CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from the CFD flow field model library to obtain the optimal CFD flow field model.
The wind-measuring laser radar is arranged on the airplane take-off and landing channel, is fixedly aligned with the airplane take-off and landing channel and is used for measuring and acquiring radial speed measurement results along the laser beam direction, the wind-measuring laser radar is arranged on the rotary table, and the rotary table is a motion executing mechanism of the wind-measuring laser radar and can perform pitching (range-90 DEG to +90 DEG) and yawing (range 0 DEG to 360 DEG) motions so as to meet the requirements of measurement in different directions. And acquiring radial wind speed and combining with the CFD flow field model of the take-off and landing channel of the airplane, and fusing and assimilating the modified CFD model to finish three-dimensional information measurement of the wind field in the take-off and landing channel.
And 106, obtaining each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to errors between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the errors, and performing POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order of basis vectors to obtain a reconstruction steady-state wake flow component.
And decomposing the CFD flow field model in the established CFD flow field model library by adopting a POD method to obtain a basis vector representation form, so that model expression can be simplified, and the subsequent flow field reconstruction speed can be accelerated.
And step 108, correcting the pre-constructed offshore platform wake model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake component to obtain a corrected offshore platform wake model.
The offshore platform wake model is a standard model that breaks down the offshore platform wake into free atmosphere turbulenceSteady state wake/>Periodic component/>And random wake component/>. The steady-state wake is the most main part of the wake of the offshore platform, and the reconstructed steady-state wake component is used for correcting the wake model of the offshore platform, so that the description accuracy of the standard model under the real-time working condition can be improved, the accuracy of the real-time wind field information is further improved, and the airplane taking-off and landing are facilitated to be assisted.
Step 110, retrieving three-dimensional information of a wind field in an airplane take-off and landing channel by using the corrected offshore platform wake model so as to assist airplane take-off and landing.
According to the laser radar-based method for measuring the wind field of the aircraft take-off and landing channel, the CFD calculation software is used for simulating and establishing a CFD flow field model library of the aircraft take-off and landing channel of the offshore platform under each preset working condition, then the wind measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned to the aircraft take-off and landing channel, the radial wind speed in the direction of a laser beam in the aircraft take-off and landing channel obtained by measuring the wind measuring laser radar is obtained, so that an optimal CFD flow field model with the minimum deviation error from the radial wind speed is obtained, then each order base vector and the corresponding coefficient of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition are obtained, the rapid reconstruction of a steady state wake component is realized, specifically, a least square optimization problem is established according to the error between measured data and the simulation value of the optimal CFD flow field model, the least square optimization problem is solved to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, the reconstructed steady state wake component is obtained by performing POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order base vector, finally the reconstructed steady state wake component is corrected in advance, the three-dimensional wake flow of the offshore platform model is corrected according to the reconstructed steady state wake component, and the wake flow of the aircraft take-off and landing model is corrected by using the aircraft in the model of the offshore platform. According to the embodiment of the invention, the wind field measurement of the aircraft landing channel with high efficiency and high precision can be realized, so that the take-off and landing of the aircraft are more effectively assisted.
In one embodiment, the offshore platform wake model is:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, Is free atmosphere turbulence,/>Is steady state wake,/>As a component of the periodicity,Is a random wake component.
In this embodiment, the free atmospheric turbulence modeling is a random process, the random process is simulated by using a pseudo-random number generation algorithm, the periodic component modeling is a function of parameters such as the pitching frequency of the hull, the pitching amplitude, the distance between the platform wind and the aircraft and the offshore platform, and the like, a specific value of the periodic component can be calculated according to the obtained measured value of the related parameters, and the random wake component is obtained by using a common simulation mode, taking white noise as input and passing through a washing filter.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and simulating the steady-state wake flow field model of the offshore platform under the preset working condition by adopting an LBM-LES-based wake flow field numerical simulation method to obtain a CFD flow field model. In this embodiment, for the simulation of steady-state wake, a large vortex model (LES) is introduced into a Lattice Boltzmann (LBM) method, and a numerical method (LBM-LES) combining LBM and LES is provided to complete the numerical simulation of the wake flow field model of the offshore platform, so as to overcome the defects of difficulty in processing complex geometric boundaries, low calculation efficiency, low precision and the like in the traditional method, and realize the efficient and high-precision numerical simulation of the complex flow field of the wake flow of the offshore platform. According to the offshore platform wake flow field numerical simulation method based on the LBM-LES, through setting different typical wind speeds, wind direction angles and the like, offshore platform wake flow field models under different typical working conditions are simulated, and a CFD flow field model library is established.
In one embodiment, after establishing the CFD flow field model library, further comprising: and decomposing the established CFD flow field model library by adopting a POD method to obtain each order of base vectors and coefficients corresponding to each order of base vectors. In the embodiment, the POD method is adopted to decompose the CFD model, so that model expression can be simplified, a foundation is laid for correcting the CFD model according to actual measurement data, and the reconstruction speed of a follow-up flow field is accelerated.
In one embodiment, the step of establishing a least squares optimization problem based on the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, and solving the least squares optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient that minimizes the error, comprises: according to each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem aiming at minimizing errors of the optimal CFD flow field model and radial wind speed; and solving a least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient corresponding to each order of basis vector. In this embodiment, the wind measurement data obtained by the lidar is only a radial wind speed measurement result along the beam direction, and the wind measurement data and the established CFD flow field distribution model are fused and assimilated. According to the actually obtained wind measurement data, a CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error is identified from a CFD flow field model library, each order of basis vectors and coefficients after the POD of steady-state components of the CFD flow field model are decomposed are obtained, radial wind speed data along the laser beam direction in an airplane take-off and landing channel obtained through measurement of a wind measurement laser radar are combined, the measured data are taken as the reference, an optimized objective function is established by taking the error of the optimally matched CFD flow field model and the measured data, a least square optimization problem is established, the least square optimization problem is solved, the coefficients corresponding to the updated basis vectors of each order are obtained, coefficient vectors are formed, and therefore a high-precision model correction result is obtained, the precision of wind field measurement is guaranteed, and further, steady-state wake components are quickly reconstructed by using a POD reconstruction method.
In one embodiment, after reconstructing the steady-state wake component, further comprising: the reconstructed steady-state wake components are brought into an offshore platform wake model, a flow field model after fusion and assimilation of wind measurement data and a CFD flow field model is obtained, and a model foundation is provided for retrieval of subsequent wind field data; according to the set space region range of interest and the set space and time resolution, three-dimensional wind speed data on corresponding position grid points are retrieved from the corrected offshore platform wake model, and different data output forms are obtained through conversion according to specific application requirements.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the take-off and landing channel of the aircraft by measuring by the wind lidar comprises the following steps: and irradiating an offshore platform aircraft take-off and landing channel by using the wind-measuring laser radar to emit laser, acquiring a backscattering signal of aerosol particles in the aircraft take-off and landing channel, and carrying out Doppler spectrum analysis on the backscattering signal to obtain the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction. In this embodiment, the laser with a fixed frequency acts on the aerosol particles moving at a certain speed, and according to the doppler shift principle, the frequency of the back scattered laser signal is shifted, and the frequency shift has an analytical expression relationship with the radial movement speed of the aerosol particles along the beam direction, so that the measurement of the radial movement speed of the wind field on the laser beam along the beam direction can be realized by measuring the frequency shift. The invention adopts coherent detection to realize Doppler frequency shift measurement, after the received back scattering signal and the received intrinsic signal are subjected to AD sampling, the received back scattering signal and the received intrinsic signal are converted into a frequency domain by utilizing a fast FFT algorithm, spectrum accumulation and analysis are realized in the frequency domain, the position of a coherent peak is obtained, the Doppler frequency shift is obtained, and further, the radial velocity measurement result of aerosol particles along the direction of a light beam is obtained.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: by combining a laser radar equation and setting different flight time thresholds, the flight time of the emergent laser pulse is measured, and wind field information at different distances can be obtained, so that the high-efficiency measurement of the wind field flow field of the take-off and landing channel is realized.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 1 are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 1 may include multiple sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, nor do the order in which the sub-steps or stages are performed necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least a portion of other steps or sub-steps of other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, there is provided a laser radar-based wind field measurement system for an aircraft take-off and landing channel, comprising a terminal device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the method in the above embodiments when the computer program is executed. In the implementation, the terminal equipment is an upper computer software operation platform, is connected with the wind-measuring laser radar in a wireless or wired mode, controls the wind-measuring laser radar to work, completes data processing such as fusion and assimilation of laser wind-measuring data and a CFD flow field model, and displays and stores processing results.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a wind lidar connected to the terminal device, the wind lidar being configured to measure a radial wind speed along the direction of the laser beam in the aircraft landing channel.
In one embodiment, before the wind lidar is used to measure the radial wind speed along the direction of the laser beam in the take-off and landing channel of the aircraft, the method further comprises: and adjusting the angle of the turntable according to the space position of the current take-off and landing channel of the airplane to be tested, so that the wind-measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned with the take-off and landing channel of the airplane to be tested. In this embodiment, when the laser radar of the present invention measures the radial wind speed of the aircraft take-off and landing channel, the laser radar is fixed to be aligned with the aircraft take-off and landing channel, without swing scanning, so that the measurement efficiency can be improved, and for different offshore platforms and different aircraft models, the corresponding aircraft take-off and landing channels are different, and before the wind field measurement is performed on the aircraft take-off and landing channel to be measured, the angle of the turntable needs to be adjusted, so that the wind-measuring laser radar is fixed to be aligned with the aircraft take-off and landing channel to be measured.
In one embodiment, as shown in the schematic diagram of the transceiving principle of the wind lidar shown in fig. 3, the wind lidar includes a photoelectric integrated module, a lens assembly and a digital signal acquisition and processing module; the photoelectric integrated module is respectively connected with the lens assembly and the digital signal acquisition and processing module; the photoelectric integrated module comprises a laser seed source, a first optical divider, an AOM, an EDFA, a circulator, a second optical divider and a balance detector, wherein the second optical divider is respectively connected with the first optical divider, the balance detector and the circulator; the laser generated by the laser seed source is split into one path of emission light and one path of reference light through the first optical splitter, and the emission light is emitted through the lens assembly after passing through the AOM, the EDFA and the circulator so as to irradiate aerosol particles on the optical path; the lens component receives the backward scattering laser signals of the aerosol particles, and the backward scattering laser signals are processed by the balance detector and then sent to the digital signal acquisition and processing module together with the reference light; the digital signal acquisition and processing module comprises an A/D sampling module and an FPGA+ARM processing module, and is used for carrying out Doppler frequency shift analysis on the received laser signals, realizing the measurement of radial wind speed along the laser beam direction, and transmitting the radial wind speed to terminal equipment.
Specifically, the optical components are connected through optical fibers, the laser seed source generates 1550nm laser, the photoelectric integrated module of the core component in the wind-measuring laser radar completes the generation and receiving processing of the laser, as shown in the structural schematic diagram of the photoelectric integrated module of the wind-measuring laser radar in fig. 4, the photoelectric integrated module comprises the laser seed source, a balance detector, AOM, EDFA, BFD, a circulator and an attenuator, wherein the AOM is an acousto-optic modulator, the EDFA is an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, the BFD is bidirectional forwarding detection and is used for detecting the availability of a link, the generation and emission part of the laser and the laser coherent balance detection part are highly integrated together by adopting a modularized design principle, the connection between the core components is realized through optical fibers, the connection port of the module is saved, the complexity of the whole machine is reduced, and the key problems of noise suppression and loss reduction in the design of the module are solved by reducing the loss of each link such as transmission, transceiving and detection and introduced system noise.
In one embodiment, the internal structure of the terminal device may be as shown in fig. 5. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program when executed by a processor is used for realizing a laser radar-based airplane take-off and landing channel wind field measurement method. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, can also be keys, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, and can also be an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in FIG. 5 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present inventive arrangements and is not limiting of the computer device to which the present inventive arrangements may be applied, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, there is provided a laser radar-based wind field measurement apparatus for an aircraft take-off and landing passage, comprising: a flow field model library construction module 602, an optimal flow field model acquisition module 604, a POD reconstruction module 606, a wake correction module 608, and a take-off and landing assistance module 610, wherein:
The flow field model library construction module 602 is used for constructing a CFD flow field model library of an offshore platform aircraft take-off and landing channel; the CFD flow field model library comprises a plurality of CFD flow field models; the CFD flow field model is obtained by simulating an offshore platform steady-state wake flow field model under a preset working condition through CFD calculation software;
the optimal flow field model obtaining module 604 is configured to obtain a radial wind speed along a laser beam direction in an aircraft take-off and landing channel measured by a wind-measuring laser radar, and select a CFD flow field model with a minimum deviation error from the radial wind speed from a CFD flow field model library to obtain an optimal CFD flow field model;
The POD reconstruction module 606 is configured to obtain each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establish a least squares optimization problem according to an error between a radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solve the least squares optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, and perform POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order of basis vectors to obtain a reconstructed steady-state wake component;
the wake correction module 608 is configured to correct a pre-constructed wake model of the offshore platform according to the reconstructed steady-state wake component to obtain a corrected wake model of the offshore platform;
The take-off and landing assistance module 610 is configured to retrieve three-dimensional information of a wind field in an aircraft take-off and landing channel by using the corrected wake model of the offshore platform, so as to assist in taking off and landing of the aircraft.
In one embodiment, the wake model also for the offshore platform is:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, Is free atmosphere turbulence,/>Is steady state wake,/>As a component of the periodicity,Is a random wake component.
In one embodiment, the method is further used for establishing a least square optimization problem aiming at minimizing errors of the optimal CFD flow field model and radial wind speed according to each order of basis vectors of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition and corresponding coefficients; and solving a least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient corresponding to each order of basis vector.
In one embodiment, the method is further used for irradiating an offshore platform aircraft take-off and landing channel through the wind-measuring laser radar to emit laser, acquiring a backscattering signal of aerosol particles in the aircraft take-off and landing channel, and performing Doppler spectrum analysis on the backscattering signal to obtain a radial wind speed along the laser beam direction.
In one embodiment, the method is further used for simulating the steady-state wake flow field model of the offshore platform under the preset working condition by adopting an LBM-LES-based wake flow field numerical simulation method to obtain a CFD flow field model.
In one embodiment, the method is further used for combining a laser radar equation, and by setting different threshold values and measuring the flight time of the emergent laser pulse, wind field information at different distances can be obtained, so that the high-efficiency measurement of the wind field flow field of the take-off and landing channel is realized.
For specific limitations on the lidar-based aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement device, reference may be made to the above limitations on the lidar-based aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement method, and no further description is given here. The modules in the laser radar-based airplane take-off and landing channel wind field measuring device can be all or partially realized by software, hardware and combinations thereof. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of the application should be assessed as that of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement method based on a laser radar, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Establishing a CFD flow field model library of an offshore platform airplane take-off and landing channel; the CFD flow field model library comprises a plurality of CFD flow field models; the CFD flow field model is obtained by simulating an offshore platform steady-state wake flow field model under a preset working condition through CFD calculation software;
Acquiring radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in an airplane take-off and landing channel measured by a wind measuring laser radar, and selecting a CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from the CFD flow field model library to obtain an optimal CFD flow field model; the wind-measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned with the aircraft take-off and landing channel;
Obtaining each order basis vector and corresponding coefficient of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, and carrying out POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order basis vector to obtain a reconstructed steady-state wake flow component;
Correcting a pre-constructed offshore platform wake model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake component to obtain a corrected offshore platform wake model;
And searching three-dimensional information of the wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel by using the corrected offshore platform wake model so as to assist the airplane to take off and land.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the offshore platform wake model is:
，
，
，
，
Wherein, Is free atmosphere turbulence,/>Is steady state wake,/>Is a periodic component,/>Is a random wake component.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said creating a least squares optimization problem based on the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least squares optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient that minimizes the error, comprises:
according to each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem aiming at minimizing errors of the optimal CFD flow field model and the radial wind speed;
and solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient corresponding to each order of basis vector.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the aircraft landing channel by wind lidar measurement comprises:
And irradiating the plane take-off and landing channel of the offshore platform by using the wind-measuring laser radar to emit laser, acquiring a back scattering signal of aerosol particles in the plane take-off and landing channel, and carrying out Doppler spectrum analysis on the back scattering signal to obtain the radial wind speed along the direction of the laser beam.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
And simulating the steady-state wake flow field model of the offshore platform under the preset working condition by adopting an LBM-LES-based wake flow field numerical simulation method to obtain a CFD flow field model.
6. A lidar-based aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement system, characterized in that the system comprises a terminal device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 5 when the computer program is executed.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a wind lidar mounted on the turret, the wind lidar being coupled to the terminal device, the wind lidar being configured to measure a radial wind speed in a direction of the laser beam in the aircraft landing path.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein before the wind lidar is used to measure a radial wind speed in the direction of the laser beam in the take-off and landing path of the aircraft, further comprising:
And adjusting the angle of the turntable according to the space position of the current take-off and landing channel of the airplane to be tested, so that the wind-measuring laser radar is fixedly aligned with the take-off and landing channel of the airplane to be tested.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the wind lidar comprises a photoelectric integration module, a lens assembly, and a digital signal acquisition and processing module; the photoelectric integrated module is respectively connected with the lens assembly and the digital signal acquisition and processing module;
the photoelectric integrated module comprises a laser seed source, a first optical divider, an AOM, an EDFA, a circulator, a second optical divider and a balance detector, wherein the second optical divider is respectively connected with the first optical divider, the balance detector and the circulator;
the laser generated by the laser seed source is split into one path of emission light and one path of reference light through the first optical splitter, and the emission light is emitted through the lens assembly after passing through the AOM, the EDFA and the circulator so as to irradiate aerosol particles on the optical path;
The lens component receives the backward scattering laser signals of the aerosol particles, and the backward scattering laser signals are processed by the balance detector and then sent to the digital signal acquisition and processing module together with the reference light;
the digital signal acquisition and processing module comprises an A/D sampling module and an FPGA+ARM processing module, and is used for carrying out Doppler frequency shift analysis on the received laser signals, realizing the measurement of radial wind speed along the laser beam direction, and transmitting the radial wind speed to the terminal equipment.
10. An aircraft take-off and landing channel wind field measurement device based on laser radar, the device comprising:
The flow field model library construction module is used for constructing a CFD flow field model library of the take-off and landing channel of the offshore platform aircraft; the CFD flow field model library comprises a plurality of CFD flow field models; the CFD flow field model is obtained by simulating an offshore platform steady-state wake flow field model under a preset working condition through CFD calculation software;
The optimal flow field model acquisition module is used for acquiring the radial wind speed along the laser beam direction in the take-off and landing channel of the airplane, which is measured by the wind measuring laser radar, and selecting the CFD flow field model with the smallest deviation error from the radial wind speed from the CFD flow field model library to obtain an optimal CFD flow field model;
The POD reconstruction module is used for acquiring each order of basis vectors and corresponding coefficients of the optimal CFD flow field model after POD decomposition, establishing a least square optimization problem according to the error between the radial wind speed and the optimal CFD flow field model, solving the least square optimization problem to obtain a reconstruction coefficient for minimizing the error, and carrying out POD reconstruction on the optimal CFD flow field model according to the reconstruction coefficient and each order of basis vectors to obtain a reconstruction steady-state wake component;
The wake flow correction module is used for correcting the pre-constructed offshore platform wake flow model according to the reconstructed steady-state wake flow component to obtain a corrected offshore platform wake flow model;
And the take-off and landing auxiliary module is used for searching three-dimensional information of a wind field in the airplane take-off and landing channel by utilizing the corrected offshore platform wake model so as to assist the airplane to take off and land.
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