CN117949201A - Pre-pressure testing machine and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Pre-pressure testing machine and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-pressure testing machine, which comprises a positioning mechanism, wherein a pressing mechanism is arranged above the positioning mechanism, the pressing mechanism comprises a frame capable of lifting, the bottom of the frame is connected with a pressure head, and a pressure rod is movably arranged on the pressure head in a penetrating manner; a testing mechanism is arranged in the frame, and one end of the compression bar is connected with a pressure detection device and a displacement detection device which are respectively used for detecting the load and displacement of the compression bar; the product is fixed through the positioning mechanism, then the pressure lever is independently driven to move by the testing mechanism, the acting force and the displacement of the pressure lever are respectively detected by the pressure detection device and the displacement detection device, and then the precompression of the product is adjusted by the pressing mechanism; the device combines the measurement modes of pressure and displacement, solves the problem of different sizes of the precompression of products, simplifies complex procedure of precompression adjustment, and greatly shortens production time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spring testing, in particular to a pre-pressure testing machine and a testing method thereof.
Background
In the assembly process of automobile parts, springs are required to be installed in some parts and pre-pressed, and the process is mostly finished manually at present; because the springs are internally arranged in the product and the elastic force of the springs is variable, the pre-pressure of the springs arranged in each part is difficult to be the same in the manual installation process, so that the pre-pressure of the springs of each part needs to be manually tested and the pre-pressure height is adjusted, and the testing process of the pre-pressure of the springs is completed; in the parts, a stop block is arranged at one end of the spring, and a compression block for adjusting the deformation amount of the spring is arranged above the stop block (as shown in figure 12); wherein, as the compression block moves down, the compression deformation amount of the spring becomes gradually larger.
However, the existing spring pre-compression test has two main disadvantages: firstly, the springs of each part are required to be manually tested, the accuracy of one test cannot be ensured, repeated tests are required, and manpower is wasted; secondly, after manual measurement, the pre-pressure of the spring is adjusted, so that the precision cannot be ensured, and the condition that the pre-pressures of the springs of different parts differ greatly can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of different pre-pressures of internal springs of products by providing a pre-pressure testing machine and combining the measurement form of pressure and displacement, thereby realizing the aim of identical pre-pressures of the internal springs of all products.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The pre-pressure testing machine comprises a positioning mechanism for clamping a product, wherein a pressing mechanism is arranged above the positioning mechanism and comprises a frame which can be lifted along the Z-axis direction, the bottom of the frame is connected with a pressing head which can be abutted to the top of the product, and a pressing rod is movably arranged on the pressing head in a penetrating manner;
The inside of frame is provided with can independently drive the depression bar is along the testing mechanism of Z axle direction removal, the one end protrusion of depression bar in the pressure head, the other end is connected with respectively and is used for detecting pressure detection device and the displacement detection device of the load and the displacement of depression bar.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the testing mechanism comprises a mounting plate fixedly mounted in the frame, a linear module is arranged on the mounting plate, an ejector rod is connected to the output end of the linear module through a position avoidance frame, and the ejector rod is connected with the compression bar through the pressure detection device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the displacement detecting device is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate, and a test end of the displacement detecting device penetrates through the ejector rod and is connected with the compression rod.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a bracket for installing the positioning mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the frame, the pressing mechanism comprises a press fixedly installed on the top of the bracket, and the output end of the press is connected with the frame.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the positioning mechanism comprises a base fixedly installed on the inner side of the bracket, a telescopic assembly parallel to the Y-axis direction is fixedly installed on the base, the output end of the telescopic assembly is connected with a clamping jaw component which can float along the X-axis or/and Z-axis direction and is used for clamping a product through a floating assembly, and one end, close to the clamping jaw component, of the base is also provided with a clamp.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the floating assembly includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic assembly, one side of the fixed plate is slidably connected to a Z-axis slide plate capable of moving in the Z-axis direction, one side of the Z-axis slide plate is slidably connected to an X-axis slide plate capable of moving in the X-axis direction, and the X-axis slide plate is fixedly connected to the jaw member.
A testing method of a pre-pressure tester comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly clamping a product on a testing machine through a positioning mechanism, and compacting the product through a compacting mechanism, wherein a stop block is attached to a compacting block;
s2, acquiring the elastic coefficient of a spring in the product and the initial pre-pressure of the spring;
s3, calculating the distance required to move by the compression block according to the elastic coefficient, the current pre-compression force and the pre-compression force actually required by the spring in the product obtained in the step S2;
S4, driving the compression block to move downwards by the compression mechanism through the pressure head according to the distance of the compression block to be moved so as to achieve the purpose of changing the deformation quantity of the spring by using the displacement of the compression block;
s5, based on the displacement of the pressing block in the step S4, reading the feedback force of the spring at the moment through a pressure detection device, and comparing the feedback force with the theoretical stress of the spring;
S6, if the feedback force in the step S5 is within the allowable tolerance range of theoretical stress, the pre-pressure of the spring is considered to be within the allowable tolerance range of required pre-pressure, and the part is qualified; if the feedback force in the step S5 is greater than the allowable tolerance range of the theoretical stress, the part is unqualified; if the feedback force in the step S5 is smaller than the allowable tolerance range of the theoretical stress, repeating the steps S4-S5 until the part is qualified;
And S7, the pressing mechanism moves upwards to a safe position, and the positioning mechanism unlocks the part.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the following sub-steps are included:
S21, independently driving a pressing rod to move downwards along the Z-axis direction by the testing mechanism, enabling the pressing rod to contact with the stop block and driving the stop block to move downwards to a point B, enabling the spring to be stressed and contracted at the moment, and reading the load of the pressing rod at the position through the pressure detection device;
S22, the testing mechanism drives the compression bar to move upwards to the point A along the Z-axis direction, the pressure born by the compression bar and the displacement from the point B to the point A are respectively read by the pressure detection device and the displacement detection device, and a graph of the relation between the elasticity of the spring and the displacement in the product is drawn;
S23, calculating the elastic coefficient of the spring according to Hooke' S law and the relation between A, B two points of force and displacement, and obtaining the initial pre-pressure of the spring according to the relation graph of the elastic force and displacement.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the distance the pressing block needs to move is expressed by the following formula:
Wherein D C is the distance the compression block needs to move, F S is the actual required pre-compression force of the spring, F K is the initial pre-compression force of the spring, and K is the elastic coefficient of the spring.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the theoretical stress of the spring is expressed by the following formula:
Wherein, F L is the theoretical atress, F A is the reading of pressure detection device when the dog is in the point A position.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an axially measured structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the hold-down mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the testing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the spacer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the pressure and displacement detecting device and the compression bar of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the positioning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the floating assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of pressure versus displacement for a spring of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the product;
Wherein, 1, a positioning mechanism; 11. a base; 12. a telescoping assembly; 13. a support plate; 14. a floating assembly; 141. a fixing plate; 142. a Z-axis sliding plate; 143. an X-axis sliding plate; 144. a baffle; 15. a clamp; 16. a jaw member; 2. a compressing mechanism; 21. a frame; 22. a press; 23. a slide rail assembly; 3. a pressure head; 4. a compression bar; 5. a testing mechanism; 51. a mounting plate; 52. a linear module; 53. a avoidance frame; 54. a push rod; 6. a pressure detection device; 7. a displacement detection device; 81. a spring; 82. a stop block; 83. a compaction block; 9. and (3) a bracket.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, which are simplified schematic illustrations of the basic structure of the invention, which are presented only by way of illustration, and thus show only the structures that are relevant to the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-9, the pre-pressure testing machine comprises a bracket 9, wherein a positioning mechanism 1 for clamping a product is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the bracket 9, a pressing mechanism 2 is arranged above the positioning mechanism 1, the pressing mechanism 2 comprises a frame 21 capable of lifting along the Z-axis direction, the bottom of the frame 21 is connected with a pressing head 3 capable of being abutted to the top of the product, and a pressing rod 4 is movably arranged on the pressing head 3 in a penetrating manner; the inside of the frame 21 is provided with a test mechanism 5 capable of independently driving the compression bar 4 to move along the Z-axis direction, and one end of the compression bar 4 protrudes out of the pressure head 3, and the other end is connected with a pressure detection device 6 and a displacement detection device 7 which are respectively used for detecting the load (namely the stress of the compression bar 4) and the displacement of the compression bar 4.
The bracket 9 and the frame 21 are both in a square structure, the product (as shown in fig. 12) comprises a built-in spring 81, a stop block 82 is arranged at one end of the spring 81, a compression block 83 for adjusting the deformation amount of the spring 81 is arranged above the stop block 82, and in the product, the compression block 83 is pushed to move downwards to adjust the pre-pressure of the spring 81; the through hole is offered at the middle part of compact heap 83, and pressure head 3 and depression bar 4 are coaxial, and pressure head 3 can support in the top of compact heap 83, and the one end of depression bar 4 can pass the through hole butt on dog 82 of compact heap 83.
After the product is fixed by the positioning mechanism 1, the frame 21 of the pressing mechanism 2 moves downwards to drive the pressing head 3 and the pressing rod 4 to move downwards at the same time until the frame 21 moves in place to press the product; the pressing rod 4 is not contacted with the stop block 82 at this time, the pressing head 3 is driven by the frame 21 to contact with the pressing block 83 and apply an initial pressure to the pressing block, the pressure is smaller than the pressure required by the displacement of the pressing block 83, and the stop block 82 is attached to the pressing block 83 in the initial state; then the testing mechanism 5 independently drives the compression bar 4 to move, the stress and displacement data of the compression bar 4 are obtained by utilizing the pressure detection device 6 and the displacement detection device 7, a graph of the relation between the elastic force and the displacement of the spring 81 (shown in fig. 11) can be drawn, and the pre-compression force of the spring 81 and the elastic coefficient of the spring 81 are obtained in the initial state of the product through calculation; and then the distance required to move the pressing block 83 is calculated according to the initial pre-pressure, the elastic coefficient and the required pre-pressure, the frame 21 of the pressing mechanism 2 moves to control the height of the pressing head 3, and the pressing block 83 is pushed to move downwards by the pressing head 3, so that the pre-pressure test and adjustment of the product are finally completed.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the pressing mechanism 2 further comprises a press 22, the press 22 is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket 9, and the output end of the press 22 is connected with the frame 21; the press 22 preferably employs a servo motor driven cylinder, and when the output end of the press 22 is extended, the frame 21 moves downward in the Z-axis direction inside the holder 9, and when the output end of the press 22 is contracted, the frame 21 moves upward in the Z-axis direction. In addition, a gas spring is mounted on the support 9 on the side of the press 22, and one end of the gas spring is connected to the frame 21, which serves to ensure that the hold-down mechanism 2 can be moved up quickly into a safe position.
The pressing mechanism 2 is used for applying a vertical force to the product, so that the displacement in the vertical direction is avoided in the process of testing and adjusting the product; meanwhile, the pressing head 3 can be driven to move, the pressing head 3 applies pressure to the pressing block 83, the pressing block 83 is displaced under the action of the pressure, and the pressing block 83 moves to compress the height of the spring 81, so that the aim of adjusting the pre-pressure of the spring 81 is fulfilled.
In order to guarantee stability and the accuracy that frame 21 removed, be provided with the slide rail subassembly 23 that is on a parallel with Z axle direction between frame 21 and support 9, slide rail subassembly 23 is located the inboard of support 9, the outside of frame 21, and slide rail subassembly 23 includes guide rail and the slider of mutually supporting, the guide rail is along being on a parallel with the inboard of Z axle direction fixed mounting in support 9, slider fixed mounting is in the outside of frame 21, and slide between slider and the guide rail links to each other, through this structure, not only can guarantee the stability that frame 21 removed in support 9, can also guarantee the accuracy that frame 21 removed.
As shown in fig. 1-3 and 9-10, the positioning mechanism 1 comprises a base 11 fixedly mounted on the inner side of a bracket 9, a telescopic assembly 12 parallel to the Y-axis direction is fixedly mounted on the base 11, the output end of the telescopic assembly 12 is connected with a clamping jaw component 16 capable of floating along the X-axis or/and Z-axis direction and used for clamping a product through a floating assembly 14, and one end, close to the clamping jaw component 16, of the base 11 is further provided with a clamp 15.
The telescopic component 12 preferably adopts a telescopic cylinder, the clamping jaw part 16 preferably adopts a clamping cylinder, namely a pneumatic clamping jaw, the clamping jaw part 16 for clamping products can be adjusted along the Y-axis direction under the action of the telescopic component 12 and can float in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction at the same time, so that the equipment can be compatible with various different types of products, the clamping device 15 is used for clamping the products from the bottom and is matched with the clamping jaw part 16, the positioning precision of the products can be guaranteed to be higher, and the detection process is more stable.
Further, the output end of the telescopic component 12 is connected with a support plate 13, and one side of the support plate 13 is fixedly provided with a floating component 14 for controlling the clamping jaw component 16 to float along the X-axis or/and Z-axis direction.
Above-mentioned, extension board 13 adopts L type structure, and extension board 13 slidable mounting is on flexible subassembly 12, and the output of flexible subassembly 12 links to each other with extension board 13 is fixed simultaneously, and this structure can satisfy the flexible requirement, can also guarantee the direction precision that extension board 13 removed simultaneously.
The floating assembly 14 includes a fixed plate 141 fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic assembly 12, a Z-axis slide plate 142 slidably connected to one side of the fixed plate 141 and movable in the Z-axis direction, an X-axis slide plate 143 slidably connected to one side of the Z-axis slide plate 142 and movable in the X-axis direction, and the X-axis slide plate 143 fixedly connected to the jaw member 16.
Specifically, the fixing plate 141 is fixedly installed on one side of the support plate 13, the Z-axis sliding plate 142 is connected with the fixing plate 141 and the X-axis sliding plate 143 by adopting a sliding rail structure, and the fixing plate 141 and the Z-axis sliding plate 142 are respectively installed with a baffle 144 at two ends along the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction so as to limit the floating range of the sliding plate.
As shown in fig. 4-8, the test mechanism 5 includes a mounting plate 51 fixedly mounted in the frame 21, a linear module 52 is disposed on the mounting plate 51, an ejector rod 54 is connected to an output end of the linear module 52 through a spacer 53, and the ejector rod 54 is connected to the compression bar 4 through a pressure detection device 6.
The output end of the linear module 52 can output linear motion, and the ball screw structure is preferably adopted here, that is, under the driving of the servo motor, the torque of the motor is transmitted to the screw nut which is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the ball screw through the belt transmission structure, and the ball screw is driven to stretch along the axial direction along with the rotation of the screw nut, so that the ejector rod 54 is driven to lift along the Z-axis direction through the avoidance frame 53, and finally the function of independently driving the compression rod 4 to move along the Z-axis direction is realized.
The output end of the linear module 52 is not coaxial with the ejector rod 54, and the linear module and the ejector rod are connected by adopting a space avoiding frame 53; the function of the avoidance frame 53 is to transmit the power of the linear module 52 to the ejector rod 54 so as to drive the compression rod 4 to independently displace relative to the frame 21, and simultaneously ensure that the testing end of the displacement detection device 7 is coaxial with the ejector rod 54 and the compression rod 4; the middle part of the avoidance frame 53 is provided with an avoidance groove so as to facilitate the installation of the displacement detection device 7, the edge of the upper end of the avoidance frame 53 is connected with the output end of the linear module 52, and the lower end of the avoidance frame 53 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the ejector rod 54.
Further, the displacement detecting device 7 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 51, the testing end of the displacement detecting device 7 penetrates through the ejector rod 54 to be connected with the compression rod 4, and the ejector rod 54 is connected with the compression rod 4 through the pressure detecting device 6, namely, the pressure detecting device 6 is located between the ejector rod 54 and the compression rod 4.
The inside of the ejector pin 54 is hollow so that the test end of the displacement detecting means 7 passes therethrough, and the linear die set 52 presses the pressing lever 4 through the ejector pin 54, which can be detected by the pressure detecting means 6 located between the ejector pin 54 and the pressing lever 4.
The pressure detecting device 6 and the displacement detecting device 7 respectively adopt the existing high-precision pressure sensor and displacement sensor, the data calculation process is completed by the PLC system, the position of the displacement detecting device 7 is fixed and is not influenced by the testing mechanism 5, the testing end of the displacement detecting device 7 can apply self pre-pressure to ensure complete contact with the pressure rod 4 in the whole testing process, the movement of the pressure rod 4 can drive the testing end of the displacement detecting device 7 to move, the displacement detecting device 7 can feed back the displacement of the pressure rod 4 in real time, and the pressure detecting device 6 and the pressure rod 4 are in hard contact, so the stress of the pressure rod 4 can be fed back by the pressure detecting device 6.
Example two
Based on the pre-pressure testing machine disclosed in the first embodiment, the invention also provides a testing method of the pre-pressure testing machine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly clamping a product on a testing machine through a positioning mechanism 1, and compacting the product through a compacting mechanism 2, wherein a stop block 82 is attached to a compacting block 83;
s2, acquiring the elastic coefficient of the spring 81 in the product and the initial pre-compression of the spring 81;
S3, calculating the distance that the pressing block 83 needs to move according to the elastic coefficient, the current pre-pressure and the pre-pressure actually required by the spring 81 in the product, which are obtained in the step S2;
S4, driving the compression block 83 to move downwards by the compression mechanism 2 through the pressure head 3 according to the distance that the compression block 83 needs to move, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the deformation quantity of the spring 81 by utilizing the displacement of the compression block 83;
s5, based on the displacement of the compression block 83 in the step S4, reading the feedback force of the spring 81 at the moment through the pressure detection device 6, and comparing the feedback force with the theoretical stress of the spring 81;
S6, if the feedback force in the step S5 is within the allowable tolerance range of theoretical stress, the pre-compression force of the spring 81 is also considered to be within the allowable tolerance range of required pre-compression force, and the part is qualified; if the feedback force in the step S5 is greater than the allowable tolerance range of the theoretical stress, the part is unqualified; if the feedback force in the step S5 is smaller than the allowable tolerance range of the theoretical stress, repeating the steps S4-S5 until the part is qualified;
And S7, the pressing mechanism 2 moves upwards to a safe position, and the positioning mechanism 1 unlocks the part.
In an initial state, under the action of the elastic force of the spring 81, the stop block 82 and the compression block 83 are mutually attached, the pressure head 3 is abutted against the upper end of the compression block 83 and applies a pressure to the compression block, and the pressure is smaller than the pressure required by the displacement of the compression block 83, so that the displacement of a product in the vertical direction in the test and adjustment process is avoided; the calculation is automatically completed by the PLC system, so that the speed is high, the precision is high, and the reliability is good.
In the step S2, the method includes the following sub-steps:
S21, the testing mechanism 5 independently drives the pressure lever 4 to move downwards along the Z-axis direction, the pressure lever 4 contacts with the stop block 82 and drives the stop block 82 to move downwards to the point B, at the moment, the spring 81 is stressed and contracted, and the load of the pressure lever 4 at the position is read through the pressure detection device 6;
S22, the testing mechanism 5 drives the compression bar 4 to move upwards to the point A along the Z-axis direction, the pressure born by the compression bar 4 and the displacement from the point B to the point A are respectively read by the pressure detection device 6 and the displacement detection device 7, and a graph of the relation between the elasticity of the spring 81 in the product and the displacement is drawn (as shown in FIG. 11);
S23, calculating the elastic coefficient of the spring 81 according to Hooke' S law and the relation between A, B two points of force and displacement, and obtaining the initial pre-pressure of the spring 81 according to the relation graph of the elastic force and displacement.
The spring 81 built in the product has a certain initial pre-pressure, and if the stop block 82 is pushed to displace, the initial pre-pressure of the spring 81 needs to be overcome, so that the pressure detection device 6 detects that the force of the compression bar 4 when the stop block 82 starts to move is the initial pre-pressure of the spring 81; under the combined action of the pressure detecting device 6 and the displacement detecting device 7, the distance between the two points A, B and the stress condition of the compression bar 4 at the two points A, B can be known, so the elastic coefficient of the spring 81 can be expressed by the following formula:
Wherein K is the elastic coefficient of the spring 81, F B is the elastic force of the spring 81 at the position of the point B, F A is the reading of the pressure detection device 6 when the stop block 82 is at the position of the point A, namely the elastic force of the spring 81 at the position of the point A, and L AB is the deformation amount of the spring 81 between the two points of A, B; in this step, the elastic force of the spring 81 at the position of the B point is measured first, and then the elastic force of the spring 81 at the position of the a point is measured with a small amount of rollback, and the measured elastic coefficient is more accurate based on the measured elastic force.
In step S3, the distance the pressing block 83 needs to move is expressed by the following equation:
wherein D C is the distance the hold-down block 83 needs to move, F S is the actual required pre-compression force of the spring 81, and F K is the initial pre-compression force of the spring 81; after the distance that the pressing block 83 needs to move is calculated, the output end of the press 22 stretches out, and the frame 21 drives the pressing head 3 to move downwards by a corresponding distance, so that the pre-pressure of the spring 81 is adjusted.
In step S5, the theoretical force applied to the spring 81 is expressed by the following equation:
Where F L is the theoretical force and F A is the reading of the pressure sensing device 6 when the stop 82 is in the A-position. When the press 22 drives the pressing head 3 to move downwards through the frame 21, the pressing rod 4 moves synchronously with the pressing head, and continues to act on the stop block 82 to compress the spring 81, so that the pressure value measured by the pressure detection device 6 is not the actual pre-pressure required by the spring 81, therefore, in step S5, when the feedback force F A ' of the pressure detection device 6 is within the tolerance range of the theoretical force F L, the actual pre-pressure F K ' of the spring 81 is also considered to be within the tolerance range of the actual pre-pressure F K required by the spring 81, and the product is qualified at the moment; when F A ' is smaller than the allowable tolerance range of F L, the pressing mechanism 2 continues to press down and repeatedly compares until the product is qualified; when F A ' is greater than the allowable tolerance range of F L, the product is not acceptable; when the product is detected to be acceptable or unacceptable, the pressing mechanism 2 moves upwards to a safe position, the positioning mechanism 1 unlocks the product, and an operator takes the product away and repeats the above actions.
In summary, the invention researches the different characteristics of the pre-pressure of the spring 81, and adopts two ways of combining high-precision measurement: the measurement of displacement and the measurement of force, and a novel algorithm for calculating the elastic force of the spring 81 are provided, the simulation graph of the force and the displacement is obtained by carrying out systematic analysis and calculation on the accurate numerical value obtained by the high-precision measuring instrument, so that the accurate initial pre-compression force of the spring 81 and the elastic coefficient of the spring 81 are obtained by analysis, the difference value of the adjustment force required by the spring 81 is obtained by comparing the accurate initial pre-compression force with the actual pre-compression force required by the spring 81, and the pre-compression force of the spring 81 is adjusted by adjusting the pre-compression force of the spring 81, so that the same function of the pre-compression force of the spring 81 of each product is realized.
The ordinary force measuring and displacement mechanism can also realize basic calculation of the elasticity of the spring 81 and the elastic coefficient of the spring 81, the invention adopts a measuring mode combining force and displacement, and more importantly, a novel calculating mode is provided, more accurate judgment can be carried out on the relation between the elasticity of the spring 81 and displacement, and the invention integrates four functions of testing, calculating, self-adjusting, retesting and the like, thereby being more convenient for staff to operate.
Compared with the prior art, the system is automatically and precisely adjusted by system calculation through the accurate numerical value obtained by the high-precision measuring instrument, and the accuracy is higher compared with the actual manual adjustment; the invention can also realize the function of successfully adjusting the precompression only once, and greatly shortens the production time compared with the repeated adjustment required by actual manpower; in addition, the invention can realize that one person operates a plurality of devices to perform production test simultaneously, and compared with the actual one person and one machine, the invention greatly reduces the waste of manpower.
In addition, the invention has been put into practical use, and the accuracy of the pre-pressure of the spring 81 reaches +/-0.4N on the premise of meeting the production time, which accords with the requirement of customers within +/-5 percent.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a precompression test machine which characterized in that: the automatic clamping device comprises a positioning mechanism (1) for clamping a product, wherein a pressing mechanism (2) is arranged above the positioning mechanism (1), the pressing mechanism (2) comprises a frame (21) capable of ascending and descending along the Z-axis direction, the bottom of the frame (21) is connected with a pressing head (3) capable of being abutted to the top of the product, and a pressing rod (4) is movably arranged on the pressing head (3) in a penetrating manner;
The inside of frame (21) is provided with can independently drive pressure bar (4) along test mechanism (5) that Z axle direction removed, the one end of pressure bar (4) protrusion in pressure head (3), the other end is connected with pressure detection device (6) and displacement detection device (7) that are used for detecting respectively the load and the displacement of pressure bar (4).
2. The pre-stress tester according to claim 1, wherein: the testing mechanism (5) comprises a mounting plate (51) fixedly mounted in the frame (21), a linear module (52) is arranged on the mounting plate (51), an ejector rod (54) is connected to the output end of the linear module (52) through a clearance frame (53), and the ejector rod (54) is connected with the compression rod (4) through the pressure detection device (6).
3. The pre-stress tester according to claim 2, wherein: the displacement detection device (7) is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate (51), and the test end of the displacement detection device (7) penetrates through the ejector rod (54) and is connected with the pressure rod (4).
4. A pre-stress tester according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outside of frame (21) is provided with support (9) that are used for installing positioning mechanism (1), hold-down mechanism (2) including fixed mounting in press (22) at support (9) top, just the output of press (22) with frame (21) links to each other.
5. The pre-stress tester according to claim 4, wherein: the positioning mechanism (1) comprises a base (11) fixedly mounted on the inner side of the support (9), a telescopic assembly (12) parallel to the Y-axis direction is fixedly mounted on the base (11), the output end of the telescopic assembly (12) is connected with a clamping jaw part (16) capable of floating along the X-axis or/and the Z-axis direction and used for clamping a product through a floating assembly (14), and one end, close to the clamping jaw part (16), of the base (11) is further provided with a clamp (15).
6. The pre-stress tester according to claim 5, wherein: the floating assembly (14) comprises a fixed plate (141) fixedly connected with the output end of the telescopic assembly (12), one side of the fixed plate (141) is slidably connected with a Z-axis sliding plate (142) capable of moving along the Z-axis direction, one side of the Z-axis sliding plate (142) is slidably connected with an X-axis sliding plate (143) capable of moving along the X-axis direction, and the X-axis sliding plate (143) is fixedly connected with the clamping jaw component (16).
7. A testing method of a pre-stress tester, using the pre-stress tester according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
S1, fixedly clamping a product on a testing machine through a positioning mechanism (1), and pressing the product through a pressing mechanism (2), wherein a stop block (82) is attached to a pressing block (83);
S2, acquiring the elastic coefficient of a spring (81) in the product and the initial pre-compression of the spring (81);
S3, calculating the distance required to move by the pressing block (83) according to the elastic coefficient, the current pre-pressure and the pre-pressure actually required by the spring (81) in the product obtained in the step S2;
S4, driving the compression block (83) to move downwards by the compression mechanism (2) through the pressure head (3) according to the distance that the compression block (83) needs to move, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the deformation quantity of the spring (81) by using the displacement of the compression block (83);
S5, based on the displacement of the compression block (83) in the step S4, reading the feedback force of the spring (81) at the moment through a pressure detection device (6), and comparing the feedback force with the theoretical stress of the spring (81);
S6, if the feedback force in the step S5 is within the allowable tolerance range of theoretical stress, the pre-pressure of the spring (81) is considered to be within the allowable tolerance range of required pre-pressure, and the part is qualified; if the feedback force in the step S5 is greater than the allowable tolerance range of the theoretical stress, the part is unqualified; if the feedback force in the step S5 is smaller than the allowable tolerance range of the theoretical stress, repeating the steps S4-S5 until the part is qualified;
S7, the pressing mechanism (2) moves upwards to a safe position, and the positioning mechanism (1) unlocks the part.
8. The test method of the pre-stress tester according to claim 7, wherein: in step S2, the following sub-steps are included:
s21, the testing mechanism (5) independently drives the pressing rod (4) to move downwards along the Z-axis direction, the pressing rod (4) is in contact with the stop block (82) and drives the stop block (82) to move downwards to the point B, at the moment, the spring (81) is stressed and contracted, and the load of the pressing rod (4) at the position is read through the pressure detection device (6);
S22, the testing mechanism (5) drives the compression bar (4) to move upwards to the point A along the Z-axis direction, at the moment, the pressure born by the compression bar (4) and the displacement from the point B to the point A are respectively read by the pressure detection device (6) and the displacement detection device (7), and a graph of the relation between the elasticity of the spring (81) and the displacement in the product is drawn;
S23, calculating the elastic coefficient of the spring (81) according to Hooke' S law and the relation between A, B points of force and displacement, and obtaining the initial pre-compression force of the spring (81) according to the relation graph of the elastic force and displacement.
9. The test method of the pre-stress tester according to claim 8, wherein: in step S3, the distance the hold-down block (83) needs to move is expressed by:
Wherein D C is the distance that the compression block (83) needs to move, F S is the actual required pre-compression force of the spring (81), F K is the initial pre-compression force of the spring (81), and K is the elastic coefficient of the spring (81).
10. The test method of a pre-stress tester according to claim 9, wherein: in step S5, the theoretical force of the spring (81) is expressed by the following formula:
wherein F L is the theoretical stress, F A is the reading of the pressure detection device (6) when the stop block (82) is at the point A.
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| CN202410338777.2A CN117949201A (en) | 2024-03-25 | 2024-03-25 | Pre-pressure testing machine and testing method thereof |
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2024
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