CN117944327A - 一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法,所述制作方法包括以下步骤:将环氧树脂胶涂覆在三维编织碳纤维织物管上,然后在空气环境下常温反应一段时间,分别制成碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管;将裁剪好的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板卷曲,再将过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板放入到碳纤维外管内,使碳纤维外管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层;将碳纤维内管放入到过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内,使碳纤维内管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层,然后常温常态静置冷却。本发明的一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法,制作难度以及制作要求都比较低,工序简单且工艺稳定,能够拓展复合蜂窝结构的材料选择设计。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法,属于复合材料夹层结构技术领域。
背景技术
复合蜂窝是一种具有优异的机械性能、轻量化特性以及冲击荷载下的能力吸收能力的超轻蜂窝结构,芳纶纤维蜂窝以其多种优点在航天器和飞行器领域得到了广泛的应用。目前,提高复合蜂窝体力学性能的有效方法是优化拓扑结构和高质量的制造工艺。然而,尽管过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管具有负泊松比特性,具备优秀的力学性能,但在过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管的制作过程中,由于结构的特殊性,制作工艺大多仅限于3D打印,可供3D打印的材料选择则相对局限,另外制作难度以及制作要求较高,影响工艺的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法,制作难度以及制作要求都比较低,工序简单且工艺稳定,能够拓展复合蜂窝结构的材料选择设计。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤a,将环氧树脂胶涂覆在三维编织碳纤维织物管上,让环氧树脂胶中环氧树脂浸泡在三维编织碳纤维织物管内纤维间,然后在空气环境下常温反应一段时间,分别制成碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管;
步骤b,将裁剪好的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板卷曲,然后将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维外管内侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板外侧,再将过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板放入到碳纤维外管内,使碳纤维外管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层;
步骤c,将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维内管外侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内侧,再将碳纤维内管放入到过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内,使碳纤维内管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层,然后常温常态静置冷却。
环氧树脂胶采用环氧树脂与环氧固化剂按照1:1.2~1.8的质量比例混合制成,环氧树脂胶涂覆采用手涂成型的方法。
步骤a中,三维编织碳纤维织物管由单层的碳纤维丝经1上1下编织工艺制成,一根织物包含144根碳纤维束,在不同角度的两个方向下各为72根,每根碳纤维束均由3k根碳纤维组成,每根碳纤维束的线密度为0.2g/m,144根碳纤维束的线总密度为28.8g/m。
步骤a中,常温反应时间为36~48小时。
步骤b中,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板的制作包括以下步骤:通过打印机在拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔上打印粘合剂线,再将拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔切成一定尺寸,用堆垛机堆垛,将叠好的拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔箔片用热压机压紧,让粘合剂将箔片固化并粘合在一起,形成块,最后通过蜂窝扩展方式形成过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板。
步骤a中,碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管中碳纤维的质量分数控制为50-75%。
一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管,由上述过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法制作得到。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管及其制作方法,制作工艺与3D打印不同,分别先制作碳纤维内管、碳纤维内管和过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板,然后通过粘连的方式将各个部分组合在一起,且可采用手涂法制作,成型条件均为常温常态下,制作时不需要大型机器设备,制作难度以及制作要求都比较低,工序简单,工艺稳定,能够拓展复合蜂窝结构的设计;采用三维编织碳纤维织物管作为管件蒙皮,具有比强度高、比模量高,便于成型,工艺简便。并且,还具有轻质高强的力学特性,在静态压缩及动态冲击荷载下均有良好的能量吸收特性。能够有效提高结构的静态稳定性与抗冲击力学性能;采用过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝作为芯层,该复合蜂窝材料不仅具有高强度、高刚度、低密度、隔音、隔热等特点,还因为其特殊的蜂窝单元结构,具有特殊的泊松比特性,当蜂窝单元膨胀时,结构呈现正泊松比性;当蜂窝单元收缩时,结构呈现负泊松比。在制作时,因其相较于普通六边形蜂窝单元具有较大曲率,所以便于卷曲成型,有非常大的设计空间,具有很强的可设计性。
附图说明
图1为本发明中过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管的整体示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述,以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
具体实施例1
本发明公开一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将环氧树脂胶涂覆在三维编织碳纤维织物管上,让环氧树脂胶中环氧树脂浸泡在三维编织碳纤维织物管内纤维间,然后在空气环境下常温反应36小时,分别制成碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管。碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管中碳纤维的质量分数控制为75%。
其中,三维编织碳纤维织物管由单层的碳纤维丝经1上1下编织工艺制成,一根织物包含144根碳纤维束,在不同角度的两个方向下各为72根,每根碳纤维束均由3k根碳纤维组成,每根碳纤维束的线密度为0.2g/m,144根碳纤维束的线总密度为28.8g/m。
步骤二,将裁剪好的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板卷曲,然后将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维外管内侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板外侧,再将过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板放入到碳纤维外管内,使碳纤维外管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层;
其中,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板的制作包括以下步骤:通过打印机在拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔上打印粘合剂线,再将拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔切成一定尺寸,用堆垛机堆垛,将叠好的拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔箔片用热压机压紧,让粘合剂将箔片固化并粘合在一起,形成块,最后通过蜂窝扩展方式形成过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板。
步骤三,将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维内管外侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内侧,再将碳纤维内管放入到过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内,使碳纤维内管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层,然后常温常态静置冷却。
上述步骤中环氧树脂胶采用环氧树脂与环氧固化剂按照1:1.2的质量比例混合制成,环氧树脂胶涂覆采用手涂成型的方法。
如图1所示,本发明还公开一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管,由上述过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法制作得到。其中,外侧的外皮为碳纤维外管,内侧的外皮为碳纤维内管,夹芯为过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板与碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管之间粘接。
具体实施例2
本发明公开一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将环氧树脂胶涂覆在三维编织碳纤维织物管上,让环氧树脂胶中环氧树脂浸泡在三维编织碳纤维织物管内纤维间,然后在空气环境下常温反应48小时,分别制成碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管。碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管中碳纤维的质量分数控制为50%。
其中,三维编织碳纤维织物管由单层的碳纤维丝经1上1下编织工艺制成,一根织物包含144根碳纤维束,在不同角度的两个方向下各为72根,每根碳纤维束均由3k根碳纤维组成,每根碳纤维束的线密度为0.2g/m,144根碳纤维束的线总密度为28.8g/m。
步骤二,将裁剪好的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板卷曲,然后将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维外管内侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板外侧,再将过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板放入到碳纤维外管内,使碳纤维外管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层;
其中,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板的制作包括以下步骤:通过打印机在拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔上打印粘合剂线,再将拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔切成一定尺寸,用堆垛机堆垛,将叠好的拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔箔片用热压机压紧,让粘合剂将箔片固化并粘合在一起,形成块,最后通过蜂窝扩展方式形成过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板。
步骤三,将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维内管外侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内侧,再将碳纤维内管放入到过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内,使碳纤维内管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层,然后常温常态静置冷却。
上述步骤中环氧树脂胶采用环氧树脂与环氧固化剂按照1:1.8的质量比例混合制成,环氧树脂胶涂覆采用手涂成型的方法。
如图1所示,本发明还公开一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管,由上述过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法制作得到。其中,外侧的外皮为碳纤维外管,内侧的外皮为碳纤维内管,夹芯为过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板与碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管之间粘接。
具体实施例3
本发明公开一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将环氧树脂胶涂覆在三维编织碳纤维织物管上,让环氧树脂胶中环氧树脂浸泡在三维编织碳纤维织物管内纤维间,然后在空气环境下常温反应42小时,分别制成碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管。碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管中碳纤维的质量分数控制为60%。
其中,三维编织碳纤维织物管由单层的碳纤维丝经1上1下编织工艺制成,一根织物包含144根碳纤维束,在不同角度的两个方向下各为72根,每根碳纤维束均由3k根碳纤维组成,每根碳纤维束的线密度为0.2g/m,144根碳纤维束的线总密度为28.8g/m。
步骤二,将裁剪好的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板卷曲,然后将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维外管内侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板外侧,再将过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板放入到碳纤维外管内,使碳纤维外管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层;
其中,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板的制作包括以下步骤:通过打印机在拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔上打印粘合剂线,再将拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔切成一定尺寸,用堆垛机堆垛,将叠好的拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔箔片用热压机压紧,让粘合剂将箔片固化并粘合在一起,形成块,最后通过蜂窝扩展方式形成过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板。
步骤三,将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维内管外侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内侧,再将碳纤维内管放入到过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内,使碳纤维内管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层,然后常温常态静置冷却。
上述步骤中环氧树脂胶采用环氧树脂与环氧固化剂按照1:1.5的质量比例混合制成,环氧树脂胶涂覆采用手涂成型的方法。
如图1所示,本发明还公开一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管,由上述过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法制作得到。其中,外侧的外皮为碳纤维外管,内侧的外皮为碳纤维内管,夹芯为过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板与碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管之间粘接。
本发明采用力学性能优异的三维编织碳纤维织物管作为夹层管件的外层与内层,可有效地提高材料承受弯曲、冲击载荷的性能,并能有效利用纤维强度;芯层采用过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝结构,减轻材料重量,提高结构的抗剪性能与功能性;本发明的操作简单,工艺稳定。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤a,将环氧树脂胶涂覆在三维编织碳纤维织物管上,让环氧树脂胶中环氧树脂浸泡在三维编织碳纤维织物管内纤维间,然后在空气环境下常温反应一段时间,分别制成碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管;
步骤b,将裁剪好的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板卷曲,然后将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维外管内侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板外侧,再将过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板放入到碳纤维外管内,使碳纤维外管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层;
步骤c,将环氧树脂胶均匀涂覆在碳纤维内管外侧以及过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内侧,再将碳纤维内管放入到过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板内,使碳纤维内管与过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板之间形成薄薄的粘结层,然后常温常态静置冷却。
2.根据权利要求1所述的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,其特征在于:环氧树脂胶采用环氧树脂与环氧固化剂按照1:1.2~1.8的质量比例混合制成,环氧树脂胶涂覆采用手涂成型的方法。
3.根据权利要求1所述的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,其特征在于:步骤a中,三维编织碳纤维织物管由单层的碳纤维丝经1上1下编织工艺制成,一根织物包含144根碳纤维束,在不同角度的两个方向下各为72根,每根碳纤维束均由3k根碳纤维组成,每根碳纤维束的线密度为0.2g/m,144根碳纤维束的线总密度为28.8g/m。
4.根据权利要求1所述的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,其特征在于:步骤a中,常温反应时间为36~48小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,其特征在于:步骤b中,过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板的制作包括以下步骤:通过打印机在拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔上打印粘合剂线,再将拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔切成一定尺寸,用堆垛机堆垛,将叠好的拉伸芳纶纤维卷箔箔片用热压机压紧,让粘合剂将箔片固化并粘合在一起,形成块,最后通过蜂窝扩展方式形成过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝板。
6.根据权利要求1所述的过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法,其特征在于:步骤a中,碳纤维外管和碳纤维内管中碳纤维的质量分数控制为50-75%。
7.一种过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管,其特征在于:由权利要求1到6任一项所述过拉伸芳纶纤维蜂窝夹层碳纤维复合管制作方法制作得到。
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