CN117942872A - Fluid mixing distribution equipment and reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a fluid mixing and distributing apparatus, wherein an upper space is formed between an upper surface support plate and a fluid collection plate, and a lower space is formed between the fluid collection plate and a lower surface fluid distribution plate; the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate is provided with a plurality of distribution holes; the upper surface support plate is in fluid communication with the two sides of the lower surface fluid distribution plate; each mixing and distributing unit comprises a conduit, a buffer chamber, a collecting chamber and a mixing chamber; the buffer chamber is arranged in the upper space and is in fluid communication with the upper space through the upper surface supporting plate; the collecting chamber and the mixing chamber are sequentially arranged in the buffer chamber from top to bottom, the guide pipe is arranged at the top of the collecting chamber and is in fluid communication with the collecting chamber, and the top of the collecting chamber is open and faces the guide pipe; the collecting chamber is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber and the mixing chamber, and the bottom end of the mixing chamber is in sealing connection with the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate and is in fluid communication with the lower space through the distribution holes of the plate surface. The fluid mixing and distributing device has the functions of collecting, mixing and distributing fluid.

Description

Fluid mixing distribution equipment and reactor

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of mixing devices, and in particular, to a fluid mixing distribution apparatus and a reactor.

Background

In the petrochemical field, a process of contacting a fluid with solid particles in a vessel containing the solid particles is widely used in operations such as adsorption separation, catalytic reaction, and the like. The adsorption separation is a separation technology commonly used in petrochemical industry, and has a very good effect on purifying a mixture with similar structure and small boiling point difference. The equipment used for adsorption separation comprises a fixed bed, a moving bed and a simulated moving bed, wherein the simulated moving bed is the main equipment adopted by the adsorption separation at present. In a simulated moving bed, the stationary phase adsorbent can be assumed to move against the moving direction of the material, the mixture to be separated is continuously input at a certain point in the middle of the separation working area, the ratio of the flow rates of the two directions is selected, the feed liquid is divided into two parts flowing reversely from the inlet, the feed inlet is taken as a reference point, and the adsorbent seems to adsorb the product to move upwards, so the simulated moving bed is called as a simulated moving bed. The higher the position above the feed point, the higher the product purity, while the by-products are enriched in the opposite direction. The production capacity and separation efficiency of the simulated moving bed are higher than those of the fixed adsorbent bed, and the abrasion of the adsorbent of the moving bed, the blockage of equipment or pipelines by fragments or dust and the channeling among solid particle seams can be avoided.

When the fluid flows through a separation or reaction apparatus such as a simulated moving bed or a fixed bed containing a bed of solid particles, it is necessary to provide one or more fluid distribution apparatus within the apparatus to separate the solid ions in the apparatus into two or more beds of solid particles. The fluid distribution device is disposed above and between the uppermost solid particle bed and can provide for a more uniform fluid flow through the cross-sectional area within the device, thereby improving the efficiency of the operation. For example, providing a fluid distribution device may reduce or even eliminate channeling, shorting, and dead flow areas within the solid particle bed, thereby reducing temperature differentials and variations in fluid concentration.

Chinese patent CN201010514190.0 discloses a fluid collection, mixing, distribution device, generally comprising the following components from top to bottom along the main axis of the container: an upper surface support member, a fluid collection member, a fluid rectifying member, and a lower surface fluid distribution member. The fluid collection member is positioned below the upper surface support member, and the members are sequentially arranged at a reasonable interval.

Chinese patent CN99810540.6 discloses a fluid distribution-collection system, the apparatus comprising a number of distribution trays and a number of slats for mixing, distributing or extracting the fluid. The system has two chambers, functioning similarly to the mixing box previously mentioned, one of which carries out the introduction of the external fluid and the other carries out the extraction of the fluid inside the container. The device has a single appearance and structure, is suitable for large-scale containers, and is difficult to install for smaller containers.

Chinese patent CN201020000158.6 discloses a liquid collecting, mixing and dispensing device. The device is characterized in that a plurality of labyrinth components for enhancing fluid mixing are arranged inside the device.

The above-described fluid distribution apparatus, while having a relatively improved fluid distribution effect, also has the problems of, for example, a longer flow path of the fluid in the apparatus, and uneven flow; the fluid has a relatively large concentration gradient in the device, and the fluid is insufficiently mixed; the internal structure causes problems such as a large pressure drop of the fluid flowing through the device.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide an efficient fluid distribution device to provide uniform mixing of fluids within a reactor while reducing jet, turbulence effects within the distribution device and reducing pressure drop of the fluids as they flow through the device.

To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a fluid mixing and distributing apparatus comprising an upper surface support plate, a fluid collection plate, a lower surface fluid distribution plate, and at least one mixing and distributing unit; the upper surface support plate, the fluid collection plate and the lower surface fluid distribution plate are arranged at intervals to form an upper space between the upper surface support plate and the fluid collection plate and a lower space between the fluid collection plate and the lower surface fluid distribution plate; the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate is provided with a plurality of distribution holes; the upper side and the lower side of the upper surface supporting plate are in fluid communication, and the upper side and the lower side of the lower surface fluid distribution plate are in fluid communication; each of the mixing and distributing units comprises a conduit, a buffer chamber, a collection chamber and a mixing chamber; the buffer chamber is arranged in the upper space, the top of the buffer chamber upwards penetrates through the upper surface supporting plate, and the buffer chamber is in fluid communication with the upper space through the side wall opening; the collecting chamber and the mixing chamber are sequentially arranged in the buffer chamber from top to bottom, the guide pipe is arranged at the top of the collecting chamber and is in fluid communication with the collecting chamber, and the top of the collecting chamber is opened and faces the guide pipe; the collecting chamber is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber through a side wall, the collecting chamber is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber through a bottom end, and the bottom end of the mixing chamber is in sealing connection with the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate and is in fluid communication with the lower space through distribution holes of the plate surface.

Optionally, a plurality of perforated baffles are arranged inside the mixing chamber; optionally, the perforated baffle plate is surrounded to be a middle area of the mixing chamber, and the distribution holes of the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate are positioned in the middle area; optionally, the diameter of the small holes in the perforated baffle plate is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes to the cross-sectional area of the fluid mixing and distributing device in the vertical direction is 1: (20-100).

Optionally, the fluid mixing and distributing device further comprises a fluid deflector plate positioned in the lower space, the fluid deflector plate being positioned below the apertures of the fluid collection plate and being spaced apart in parallel with the fluid collection plate.

Optionally, the fluid deflector plate is spaced from the fluid collection plate by 3 to 50mm.

Optionally, the collecting chamber is of a cylindrical structure, the height is 1-200 mm, and the ratio of the cross section area of the collecting chamber in the horizontal direction to the cross section area of the mixing and distributing unit in the horizontal direction is 1: (3-90); optionally, the side wall of the collecting chamber is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the collecting chamber is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber through the side wall opening; preferably, the diameter of the small holes on the side wall of the collecting chamber is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes on the side wall to the cross section of the mixing and distributing unit in the vertical direction is 1: (5-100); the bottom of the collecting chamber is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the collecting chamber is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber through a bottom opening; preferably, the diameter of the small holes at the bottom of the collecting chamber is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes at the bottom to the cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in the horizontal direction is 1: (20-100).

Optionally, the height of the mixing chamber is 10-100 mm, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the mixing chamber in the horizontal direction to the cross-sectional area of the mixing distribution unit in the horizontal direction is 1: (10-90).

Optionally, the height of the buffer chamber is 10-300% of the upper layer space interval.

Optionally, the upper surface support plate and the lower surface fluid distribution plate are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes; optionally, the upper surface support plate includes a first plate-like body and a first reinforcing structure, the first reinforcing structure being located at a lower layer of the first plate-like body; preferably, the first plate-like body is a perforated or slit material, preferably a wire mesh; the first reinforcing structure is a supporting bar; the lower surface fluid distribution plate comprises a second plate-shaped body and a second reinforcing structure, wherein the second reinforcing structure is positioned on the upper layer of the second plate-shaped body; preferably, the second plate-like body is made of a material with small holes or slits, preferably a wire mesh; the second reinforcing structure is a supporting bar.

Optionally, the reactor further comprises a central pipe, a distribution cavity, a distribution pipe and a main material pipe, wherein the distribution cavity is surrounded by the outer wall of the central pipe, and the distribution cavity is connected to the outside of the reactor through the main material pipe; the distribution pipe is distributed on the upper surface of the mixing distribution unit, and the distribution cavity is connected to the mixing distribution unit through the distribution pipe; the mixing distribution units are arranged in a radioactive distribution way by taking the central tube as the center.

Optionally, the mixing distribution unit is distributed step by step from inside to outside in the radial direction by taking the distribution pipe as a center; optionally, in the adjacent two stages, the number of the mixing distribution units of the outer stage is 0.5-5 times that of the mixing distribution units of the inner stage; the distribution chambers are connected to the mixing distribution unit step by interconnected distribution pipes.

A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a reactor comprising a housing, a particle bed and the aforementioned fluid mixing and distributing apparatus disposed above, below or between the particle beds, the outer edges of each of the upper and lower surface support plates of the fluid mixing and distributing apparatus being in sealing connection with the inner wall of the housing.

Optionally, the reactor comprises a plurality of particle beds, and the fluid mixing and distributing device is arranged between two adjacent catalyst bed particle beds.

Through the technical scheme, the mixing distribution unit has the collecting chamber and the mixing chamber with unique structures, and can effectively strengthen the mixing of external fluid and fluid flowing down upstream. The fluid mixing and distributing device disclosed by the invention can enable fluid passing through the device to obtain more uniform flow, more complete mixing and less flow fluctuation interference. The structure is simple, the pressure drop is small when the fluid passes, the fluid distribution requirements of containers with various scales can be met, and the fluid distribution method is particularly suitable for the fluid distribution process of large containers

Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a reactor of the present disclosure;

FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate two exemplary arrangements of mixing and distributing units;

FIG. 4 shows the fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus of comparative example 1;

fig. 5 shows the arrangement of the mixing distribution unit of comparative example 1.

Description of the reference numerals

1 Central tube 2 solid particle bed layer

3 Conduit 4 buffer chamber

5 Collection chamber 6 mixing chamber

7 Upper surface support plate 8 fluid collection plate

9 Fluid deflector 10 lower surface fluid distribution plate

11 Reactor 12 main material pipe

13 Fluid mixing and distribution unit 14 distribution pipe

15 Distribution chamber 16 reactor inlet

105 Solid retarding screen 106 fluid distributor

107 Flow controller 108 fluid deflection device

109 Passage 118 adapter

119 Buffer chamber 120 splash guard

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the disclosure, are not intended to limit the disclosure.

A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising an upper surface support plate 7, a fluid collection plate 8, a lower surface fluid dispensing plate 10, and at least one mixing and dispensing unit; the upper surface support plate 7, the fluid collection plate 8 and the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10 are spaced apart to form an upper space between the upper surface support plate 7 and the fluid collection plate 8 and a lower space between the fluid collection plate 8 and the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10; the surface of the fluid collecting plate 8 is provided with a plurality of distribution holes; the upper surface support plate 7 is in fluid communication with the upper and lower sides of the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10; each of said mixing and distributing units comprises a conduit 3, a buffer chamber 4, a collection chamber 5 and a mixing chamber 6; the buffer chamber 4 is arranged in the upper space, the top of the buffer chamber 4 passes through the upper surface supporting plate 7 upwards, and the buffer chamber 4 is in fluid communication with the upper space through a side wall opening; the collecting chamber 5 and the mixing chamber 6 are sequentially arranged in the buffer chamber 4 from top to bottom, the conduit 3 is arranged at the top of the collecting chamber 5 and is in fluid communication with the collecting chamber 5, and the top of the collecting chamber 5 is open and faces the conduit 3; the collection chamber 5 is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber 4 through a side wall, the collection chamber 5 is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber 6 through a bottom end, and the bottom end of the mixing chamber 6 is in sealing connection with the plate surface of the fluid collection plate 8 and is in fluid communication with the lower space through distribution holes of the plate surface.

The mixing distribution unit of the present disclosure has a unique structure of the collection chamber 5 and the mixing chamber 6, which can effectively enhance the mixing of the external fluid with the fluid flowing down upstream. The mixing chamber 6 of the mixing and distributing unit of the present disclosure can allow multiple materials to form a jet to mix and disperse and then mix again, which is helpful for uniform mixing of fluids. The mixing chamber 6 of the mixing and distributing unit of the present disclosure can adjust the structural size and number according to the size of the device, and meet the fluid distribution needs of different scale devices.

The fluid mixing and distributing device disclosed by the invention can enable fluid passing through the device to obtain more uniform flow, more complete mixing and less flow fluctuation interference. And the structure is simple, the pressure drop is small when the fluid passes through, the fluid distribution requirements of containers with various scales can be met, and the fluid distribution method is particularly suitable for the fluid distribution process of large containers.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of perforated baffles are disposed inside the mixing chamber 6; optionally, the perforated baffle plate encloses a middle area of the mixing chamber 6, in which the distribution holes of the plate surface of the fluid collection plate 8 are located; optionally, the diameter of the small holes in the perforated baffle plate is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes to the cross-sectional area of the fluid mixing and distributing device in the vertical direction is 1:20 to 100.

According to the present disclosure, the fluid mixing and distributing device may further comprise a fluid deflector plate 9 located in the lower space; preferably, the fluid deflector plate 9 is positioned below the opening of the fluid collection plate 8 and is spaced parallel to the fluid collection plate 8.

According to the present disclosure, the fluid deflector plate 9 may be 3-50 mm from the fluid collection plate 8.

According to the present disclosure, the collecting chamber 5 is preferably of a cylindrical structure, the height may be 1 to 200mm, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the collecting chamber 5 in the horizontal direction to the cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in the horizontal direction may be 1:3 to 90; optionally, the side wall of the collecting chamber 5 is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the collecting chamber 5 is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber 4 through the side wall opening; preferably, the diameter of the small holes on the side wall of the collecting chamber 5 is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes on the side wall to the cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in the vertical direction can be 1: 5-100; preferably, the bottom of the collecting chamber 5 is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the collecting chamber 5 is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber 6 through a bottom opening; preferably, the diameter of the small holes at the bottom of the collecting chamber 5 is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes at the bottom to the cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in the horizontal direction is 1:20 to 100.

According to the present disclosure, the height of the mixing chamber 6 may be 10 to 100mm, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the mixing chamber 6 in the horizontal direction to the cross-sectional area of the mixing distribution unit in the horizontal direction may be 1:10 to 90 percent.

According to the present disclosure, the height of the buffer chamber 4 may be 10-300% of the upper space interval.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper surface support plate 7 and the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10 are respectively provided with a plurality of through holes; optionally, the upper surface support plate 7 comprises a first plate-like body and a first reinforcing structure, which is located in a lower layer of the first plate-like body; preferably, the first plate-like body is a perforated or slit material, preferably a wire mesh; the first reinforcing structure is a supporting bar; the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10 includes a second plate-like body and a second reinforcing structure located at an upper layer of the second plate-like body; preferably, the second plate-like body is made of a material with small holes or slits, preferably a wire mesh; the second reinforcing structure is a supporting bar.

The working process of the fluid mixing and distributing device provided by the disclosure can be as follows: the fluid passes through the upstream solid particle bed 2 of the reactor, enters the upper space of the device through the upper surface supporting plate 7, is blocked by the fluid collecting plate 8, changes in the flow direction, is collected near the buffer chamber 4, and enters the inside of the collecting chamber 5 through the opening of the side wall of the buffer chamber 4. The fluid enters the mixing chamber 6 through an opening in the bottom of the collection chamber 5. The mixed fluid passes through the bottom of the mixing chamber 6 and enters the equipment lower space formed by the fluid collecting plate 8 and the fluid deflection plate 9. If at this time there is fluid outside the apparatus entering the apparatus through conduit 3, the fluid enters the collection chamber 5 through the lower portion of conduit 3 and mixes in this space with the fluid entering the apparatus through the upstream bed collected by the collection chamber 5 and the fluid collection plate 8. After further mixing through the mixing chamber 6 the fluid enters the lower space and the final distribution of the fluid through the fluid deflector plate 9 and the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10, evenly into the downstream particle bed. If the fluid in the apparatus is pumped out of the reactor through the conduit 3 at this time, the fluid collected by the fluid collection plate 8 is intensively mixed through the mixing chamber 6, and after concentration differences between the fluids are eliminated, a part of the fluid enters the conduit 3 from the collection chamber 5 and is pumped out of the container. The remaining fluid flows through the bottom of the mixing chamber 6 into the equipment lower space and eventually into the downstream particle bed by uniform distribution of the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure further comprises a central tube 1, a distribution chamber 15, a distribution tube 14 and a main material tube 12, wherein the distribution chamber 15 is surrounded by the outer wall of the central tube 1, and the distribution chamber 15 is connected to the outside of the reactor through the main material tube 12; the distribution pipe 14 is distributed on the upper surface of the mixing distribution unit, and the distribution cavity 15 is connected to the mixing distribution unit through the distribution pipe 14; as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the mixing and distributing units are arranged in a radial distribution around the center tube 1. In the present disclosure, the distribution chamber 15 is connected to the conduit 3 in the mixing distribution unit by means of the distribution pipe 14 for mixing the fluids distributed from the outside of the reactor through the main material pipe 12 into the inside of the reactor.

According to the present disclosure, the mixing distribution units are distributed step by step from inside to outside in the radial direction with the distribution pipe as a center; optionally, in the adjacent two stages, the number of the mixing distribution units of the outer stage is 0.5-5 times that of the mixing distribution units of the inner stage; the distribution chamber 15 is connected stepwise to the mixing distribution unit by means of interconnected distribution pipes 14. The mixing distribution units in the present disclosure are arranged and distributed from inside to outside along a radial direction with the distribution pipe as a center, where a distribution form of each stage of mixing distribution units related in the present disclosure may be adjusted according to practical situations, as shown in fig. 3A and fig. 3B, and each stage of mixing distribution units related in the present disclosure may be a mixing distribution unit that is arranged in a ring shape around an inner stage of mixing distribution unit (or a distribution cavity), or may be a mixing distribution unit that is arranged in a square frame shape around an inner stage of mixing distribution unit (or a distribution cavity).

The working process of the fluid mixing and distributing device provided by the disclosure can be as follows: the materials are introduced from outside the reactor through a main material pipe 12 into a distribution chamber 15, and then are introduced into each mixing and distribution unit 13 through a distribution pipe 14 in sequence from inside to outside. When the materials are led out, the materials are led in and collected in the distributing pipe 14 from each mixing and distributing unit 13, enter the distributing cavity 15 and are led out of the reactor through the main material pipe 12.

The fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus provided by the present disclosure may have a variety of external shapes that can accommodate the use needs of containers of various sizes and installation requirements. The fluid mixing and distributing device disclosed by the invention is a device with the functions of collecting, mixing and distributing the fluid, so that the fluid passing through the device can obtain more uniform flow, more complete mixing and less flow fluctuation interference, and the pressure drop is proper.

A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a reactor, as shown in fig. 2, comprising a housing, a particle bed and the aforementioned fluid mixing distribution apparatus disposed above, below or between the particle beds, the outer edges of the upper surface support plate 7, the fluid collection plate 8, and the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10 of each of the fluid mixing distribution apparatus being in sealing connection with the inner wall of the housing.

The fluid mixing and distribution device of the present disclosure may be installed in the middle of the reactor to separate the particle beds from each other, to collect, mix and distribute the fluid, or may be placed at the top of the reactor for initial distribution of the fluid, or at the bottom of the reactor for final collection.

According to the present disclosure, the reactor may comprise a plurality of particle beds, with the fluid mixing distribution device being provided between two adjacent particle beds.

The present disclosure is further illustrated in detail by the following examples. The starting materials used in the examples are all available commercially.

The test device related in the embodiment consists of an organic glass tower with the diameter of 1000mm and the height of 5000mm, a fluid conveying pump, a metering instrument, a pressure regulating valve, a differential pressure gauge and a fluid distributor; a fluid distribution device is arranged in the middle of the organic glass tower, and a solid particle bed layer is filled in the upstream and downstream of the fluid distribution device; in the test process, controlling the fluid flow of the organic glass tower through a fluid delivery pump, a metering instrument and pressure regulation and control, and detecting the pressure drop of fluid distribution equipment through a differential pressure gauge; the tracer is injected into the upstream of the fluid distribution equipment, and the tracer concentration distribution field information of a plurality of measuring points below the fluid distribution equipment is acquired through a fluid distribution instrument.

The uniformity of fluid distribution or mixing at multiple points across the column cross-section can be expressed in terms of overall non-uniformity (standard deviation). Standard deviation definition:

where n is the number of checkpoints on the column cross-section, S _i is the tracer throughput (in unit time) at any of the checkpoints, The average throughput of tracer for all detection spots.

When the standard deviation sigma is less than 0.10, the fluid distribution or mixing uniformity of a plurality of points on the same tower section is excellent, and the smaller the value is, the more uniform the value is; when the standard deviation sigma is less than 0.15, the fluid distribution or mixing uniformity of a plurality of points on the same tower section is good; when the standard deviation sigma is less than 0.25, the fluid distribution or mixing uniformity of a plurality of points on the same tower section is qualified; when the standard deviation sigma is greater than 0.25, the fluid distribution or mixing uniformity of a plurality of points on the same tower section is not qualified; and the larger the number, the more uneven.

Example 1

The embodiments illustrate the fluid dispensing and mixing effects of the fluid dispensing apparatus provided by the present disclosure.

Example construction a typical construction of a fluid dispensing apparatus provided by the present disclosure is shown in fig. 1. The fluid passes through the upstream solid particle bed layer 2 of the device, enters the upper space of the device through the upper surface supporting plate 7, is blocked by the fluid collecting plate 8, changes in the flow direction of the fluid, is collected near the buffer chamber 4, and enters the inside of the collecting chamber 5 through the opening of the side wall of the buffer chamber 4. The fluid enters the mixing chamber 6 through an opening in the bottom of the collection chamber 5. In this process, the fluids are thoroughly mixed, eliminating the concentration gradient existing between the fluids. The mixed fluid passes through the bottom of the mixing chamber 6 and enters the equipment lower space formed by the fluid collecting plate 8 and the fluid deflection plate 9. The outer wall of the central tube 1 of the fluid mixing and distributing device in the embodiment surrounds a distribution cavity 15, and the distribution cavity 15 is connected to the outside of the reactor through a main material tube 12; the distribution pipe 14 is distributed over the upper surface of the mixing distribution unit and the distribution chamber 15 is connected to the ducts 3 of the mixing distribution unit by means of said distribution pipe 14. In this embodiment, each fluid mixing and distributing device is distributed and arranged step by step in the radial direction with the distribution chamber as the center by adopting a circular ring shape as shown in fig. 3A. The reactor external fluid enters the distribution chamber 15 through the main feed pipe 12 and is distributed to the individual mixing and distribution units through the distribution pipe 14. At each mixing and dispensing unit, fluid enters the collection chamber 5 through the lower portion of the conduit 3 and is mixed in this space with the fluid entering the upstream bed collected by the collection chamber 5 and the fluid collection plate 8. After further mixing through the mixing chamber 6 the fluid enters the lower space and the final distribution of the fluid through the fluid deflector plate 9 and the lower surface fluid distribution plate 10, evenly into the downstream particle bed.

The diameter of the mixing and distributing unit is 20-80 mm; the aperture of the vertical plate on the 6 side of the mixing chamber is 5-10 mm; the aperture of the fluid collecting plate 8 is 12-25 mm; the fluid distribution device provided by the disclosure was installed in a test apparatus to perform series of evaluations under different operation loads, and the evaluation results are shown in table 1 and table 2, wherein table 1 is the evaluation result of fluid distribution and mixing performance of the fluid distribution device, and table 2 is the evaluation result of pressure drop performance of the fluid distribution device. From the evaluation results, the fluid distribution device provided by the present disclosure has excellent overall distribution and mixing performance.

Comparative example 1

The basic structure of the simulated moving bed adsorptive separation mixer-distributor-collector apparatus disclosed in CN101056684a widely used in the prior art is shown in fig. 4, and comprises a solid retarding screen 105, a fluid deflecting device 108, a channel 109, a buffer chamber 119, a nipple 118, a splash shield 120, a fluid distributor 106 and a flow controller 107; a fan-block scheme is employed as shown in fig. 5. Fluid flowing through the upstream bed of solid particles 2 enters the apparatus through the solids retaining screen 5, is collected by the fluid deflector 8, enters the lower space of the apparatus through the channel 9, changes direction of flow under the barrier of the splash guard 20, is distributed through the fluid distributor 6 and enters the downstream bed of solid particles through the flow controller 7.

Comparative examples the evaluation methods and the operation loads were the same as those of examples, and the evaluation results are shown in tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

Operating load,%	60	80	100	120
					Pressure drop, kPa (examples)	5.20	6.92	8.21	10.88
Pressure drop, kPa (comparative example)	6.54	8.93	12.33	15.78

As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the fluid dispensing and mixing performance of the fluid dispensing apparatus of the examples is significantly better than that of the comparative examples, and the pressure drop of the examples is significantly lower than that of the comparative examples. Thus, the fluid dispensing device of the present disclosure has better fluid dispensing performance and pressure drop is also effectively controlled.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations are not described further in this disclosure in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.

Claims (11)

1. A fluid mixing and distributing device, characterized in that it comprises an upper surface support plate (7), a fluid collection plate (8), a lower surface fluid distribution plate (10) and at least one mixing and distributing unit; the upper surface support plate (7), the fluid collection plate (8) and the lower surface fluid distribution plate (10) are arranged at intervals to form an upper space between the upper surface support plate (7) and the fluid collection plate (8) and a lower space between the fluid collection plate (8) and the lower surface fluid distribution plate (10); the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate (8) is provided with a plurality of distribution holes; the upper surface support plate (7) is in fluid communication with the upper and lower sides of the lower surface fluid distribution plate (10);

Each of the mixing and distributing units comprises a conduit (3), a buffer chamber (4), a collecting chamber (5) and a mixing chamber (6); the buffer chamber (4) is arranged in the upper space, the top of the buffer chamber (4) upwards penetrates through the upper surface supporting plate (7), and the buffer chamber (4) is in fluid communication with the upper space through a side wall opening; the collecting chamber (5) and the mixing chamber (6) are sequentially arranged in the buffer chamber (4) from top to bottom, the guide pipe (3) is arranged at the top of the collecting chamber (5) and is in fluid communication with the collecting chamber (5), and the top of the collecting chamber (5) is open and faces the guide pipe (3); the collecting chamber (5) is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber (4) through a side wall, the collecting chamber (5) is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber (6) through the bottom end, the bottom end of the mixing chamber (6) is in sealing connection with the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate (8) and is in fluid communication with the lower space through the distribution holes of the plate surface.

2. The fluid mixing and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixing chamber (6) is internally provided with a number of perforated baffles; optionally, the perforated baffle plate is arranged around the middle area of the mixing chamber (6), and the distribution holes of the plate surface of the fluid collecting plate (8) are positioned in the middle area;

Optionally, the diameter of the small holes in the perforated baffle plate is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes to the cross-sectional area of the fluid mixing and distributing device in the vertical direction is 1: (20-100).

3. The fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a fluid deflector plate (9) located in the lower space, the fluid deflector plate (9) being located below the opening of the fluid collection plate (8) and being spaced apart parallel to the fluid collection plate (8).

4. A fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the fluid deflector plate (9) is at a distance of 3-50 mm from the fluid collection plate (8).

5. The fluid mixing and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the collecting chamber (5) has a cylindrical structure with a height of 1 to 200mm, and a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the collecting chamber (5) in a horizontal direction to a cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in a horizontal direction is 1: (3-90);

Optionally, a plurality of small holes are formed in the side wall of the collecting chamber (5), and the collecting chamber (5) is in fluid communication with the buffer chamber (4) through the side wall holes; preferably, the diameter of the small holes on the side wall of the collecting chamber (5) is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes on the side wall to the cross section of the mixing and distributing unit in the vertical direction is 1: (5-100);

The bottom of the collecting chamber (5) is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the collecting chamber (5) is in fluid communication with the mixing chamber (6) through a bottom opening; preferably, the diameter of the small holes at the bottom of the collecting chamber (5) is 1-20 mm, and the ratio of the sum of the areas of the small holes at the bottom to the cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in the horizontal direction is 1: (20-100).

6. The fluid mixing and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the height of the mixing chamber (6) is 10-100 mm, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the mixing chamber (6) in the horizontal direction to the cross-sectional area of the mixing and distributing unit in the horizontal direction is 1: (10-90).

7. The fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the buffer chamber (4) has a height of 10-300% of the upper spatial pitch.

8. The fluid mixing and distributing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface support plate (7) and the lower surface fluid distribution plate (10) are each provided with a plurality of through-going apertures;

Optionally, the upper surface support plate (7) comprises a first plate-like body and a first reinforcing structure, said first reinforcing structure being located in a lower layer of the first plate-like body; preferably, the first plate-like body is a perforated or slit material, preferably a wire mesh; the first reinforcing structure is a supporting bar;

The lower surface fluid distribution plate (10) comprises a second plate-like body and a second reinforcing structure, the second reinforcing structure being located on an upper layer of the second plate-like body; preferably, the second plate-like body is made of a material with small holes or slits, preferably a wire mesh; the second reinforcing structure is a supporting bar.

9. The fluid mixing and distribution device according to claim 1, further comprising a central tube (1), a distribution chamber (15), a distribution tube (14) and a main material tube (12), the central tube (1) outer wall being surrounded by the distribution chamber (15), the distribution chamber (15) being connected to the outside of the reactor through the main material tube (12); the distribution pipe (14) is distributed on the upper surface of the mixing distribution unit, and the distribution cavity (15) is connected to the mixing distribution unit through the distribution pipe (14);

The mixing distribution units are arranged in a radioactive distribution way by taking the central tube (1) as the center.

10. The fluid mixing and dispensing apparatus of claim 9 wherein the mixing and dispensing units are distributed radially from inside to outside in a stepwise manner centered on the dispensing tube; optionally, in the adjacent two stages, the number of the mixing distribution units of the outer stage is 0.5-5 times that of the mixing distribution units of the inner stage;

the distribution chambers (15) are connected to the mixing distribution unit step by means of interconnected distribution pipes (14).

11. A reactor comprising a shell, a particle bed and a fluid mixing and distributing device according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the fluid mixing and distributing device is arranged above, below or between the particle beds, and the outer edge of each fluid mixing and distributing device is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the shell, wherein the upper surface support plate (7), the fluid collecting plate (8) and the lower surface fluid distributing plate (10) are arranged on the surface of the particle bed.