CN117938967A - Data compression judging method and system of resistivity logging instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a data compression judging method and a data compression judging system of resistivity logging instruments, wherein the method is characterized in that the distribution condition of data needing to be acquired simultaneously is analyzed, the configuration scheme of the scale of the logging resistivity logging instruments is adopted for deciding the logging in the same depth, and the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging resistivity logging instrument are set based on the measurement operation requirement of the logging instruments; logging the resistivity logging instrument in the well after the logging is completed, and acquiring downhole state data by using a data acquisition device; selecting data to be compressed according to the data type, analyzing compression requirements aiming at the data, and selecting matched compression processing means; by adopting the scheme, the matched compression means are adopted for compression processing in a targeted manner aiming at different types of data acquired in the logging process, so that a user can flexibly select the data according to requirements, and assistance is provided for realizing accurate and efficient logging data transmission.

Description

Data compression judging method and system of resistivity logging instrument

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of logging while drilling equipment optimization, in particular to a data compression judging method and system of a resistivity logging instrument.

Background

Along with the development of logging technology, the configuration and logging quality of various logging instruments are improved to a certain extent, but along with the progress of the technology, the data volume which can be acquired by the logging instruments is also obviously increased, and in order to analyze comprehensive logging data, all valuable logging data needs to be efficiently and timely transmitted to a ground system, based on the logging data with gradually increased data volume, the data compression processing technology for the logging data before transmission is one of important research directions in the field in order to ensure the transmission efficiency.

The data compression technology is a method for improving the transmission, storage and processing efficiency of the original signal data by reducing the data volume to reduce the storage space on the premise of not losing the original data information, or recoding and organizing the original signal data by encoding through a certain algorithm, reducing the storage space of the data and reducing redundant data. The general principle method is that an input signal is encoded by a certain algorithm, and a relatively small bit stream is output as a result, and the bit stream can replace an original signal; meanwhile, an algorithm can restore the output bit stream into a signal to realize decompression, but the process of coding the organization in the mode is complex, the compression degree is limited, the same complex algorithm is needed to be adopted during decompression, and the processing efficiency is low. In addition, when the data volume to be transmitted by different operation processes or different logging instruments is different, the data volume can only be processed by the same compression mode, so that the operation process with more data volume can consume longer time, and the practicability is insufficient. It follows that there is a need to provide yet another simpler log data compression execution logic.

The information disclosed in the background section of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a data compression determination method of a resistivity logging instrument, in one embodiment, the method includes:

an instrument scale decision step, analyzing the distribution condition of data to be acquired simultaneously, and configuring the instrument scale in each set of downhole resistivity logging instrument to be adopted based on the decision and the depth;

An operation parameter setting step, namely determining the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instruments with resistivity in the well, and setting the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument with resistivity in the well based on the measurement operation requirement;

a data acquisition step of acquiring a resistivity logging curve based on the well logging instrument with the well resistivity which is set up, and simultaneously utilizing the associated data acquisition device and the well state data;

And a compression judging step, namely judging whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyzing the compression requirement for the data needing compression, and selecting a matched compression processing means according to the compression requirement.

Preferably, in one embodiment, in the instrument scale decision step, how the downhole resistivity logging instrument is configured to be employed at the same depth is determined according to the following logic:

when the area distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers a near field area, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers the far field region, one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously comprises a near field region and a far field region, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments and one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted simultaneously during the same-depth detection to serve as a set of downhole resistivity logging instruments, wherein the near field region and the far field region are divided in advance according to a set distribution distance threshold value.

Further, in one embodiment, the process of setting the number of logs of the downhole resistivity logging instrument includes:

Analyzing data acquisition requirements to be met by each instrument in each set of logging instrument with resistivity in the well, setting logging curves of the logging instruments with resistivity corresponding to the data acquisition requirements, wherein the total number of logging curves corresponding to all the requirements is the total number of logging curves to be acquired by the current logging instrument.

Optionally, in one embodiment, during the setting of the number of logs of the downhole resistivity logging instrument:

If the determination that the sleeve flaw detection function and the sleeve passing measurement function are required to be completed simultaneously is made, setting 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves which respectively comprise a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the forward direction and the reverse direction, wherein each resistivity logging instrument is required to provide 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves.

Further, in one embodiment, the process of setting the number of cycle time traces and the logging period of the downhole resistivity logging tool includes:

And acquiring storage space capacity information of the well instrument, setting a single-period data acquisition channel number in combination with an accuracy target in a measurement operation requirement, and further determining total time required by a full-time channel number in combination with the set single-channel acquisition time as a logging period.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in one embodiment, in the compression determination step, the process of determining whether the current data requires compression processing includes:

Identifying the data type of the current data, if the current data is one of the downhole state data, judging that compression is not needed, directly processing the current data into a unified specification by adopting a downhole data processing structure, and packaging the unified specification; the downhole status data includes downhole temperature, magnetic positioning, and gamma parameters;

If the current data is the time spectrum data measured by the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well, the current data is determined to be packaged after compression processing.

Further, in one embodiment, in the compression determination step, the process of determining the current data compression processing means includes:

When the current data are time spectrum data measured by a logging instrument of the logging resistivity, analyzing the compression requirement of the current data according to the logging curve number, the single-period data acquisition channel number and the data timeliness requirement of the logging instrument of the logging resistivity, selecting different compression processing means based on the compression requirement, wherein the different compression processing means correspond to different compression analysis rules; the compression processing means comprises a type I compression means and a type II deep compression means.

Optionally, in one embodiment, in the compression determination step, the method includes:

And representing each time spectrum data according to a set format so as to analyze the content of different bytes of the data, selecting the content of the set bytes as a basis, judging the compressibility of the data according to a set compression analysis rule, and further selectively compressing the data bytes with compressibility, wherein the compression analysis rule is determined based on the content change analysis of the logging data of the resistivity logging instrument of different time periods.

Based on other aspects of the method described in any one or more of the embodiments above, the present invention also provides a storage medium having stored thereon program code that can implement the method described in any one or more of the embodiments above.

Based on the application aspect of the method in any one or more of the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a data compression determination system of a resistivity logging instrument, the system performing the method in any one or more of the above embodiments, and in a preferred embodiment, the system includes:

The instrument scale decision module is configured to analyze the distribution condition of the data which need to be acquired simultaneously, and based on the decision, instrument scale configuration in the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well which needs to be adopted at the same depth is performed;

the operation parameter setting module is configured to determine the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instruments for logging resistivity, and set the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument for logging resistivity based on the measurement operation requirement;

a data acquisition module configured to acquire resistivity log based on the set-up logging tool while acquiring set downhole status data with the associated data acquisition device;

the compression judging module is configured to judge whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyze the compression requirement for the data needing compression and select matched compression processing means according to the compression requirement.

Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

According to the data compression judging method and system for the resistivity logging instrument, disclosed by the invention, the distribution condition of data needing to be acquired simultaneously is analyzed, and the scale configuration scheme of the logging instrument of the resistivity logging instrument of the well needing to be adopted in the same depth logging is decided, so that the number of logging instruments of the well can be flexibly controlled, redundant logging data can not be generated on the basis of effectively realizing logging requirements, and a reliable basis is provided for judging the subsequent compression means;

Setting the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging tool based on the measurement operation requirement of the resistivity logging tool; the number of logging curves and the number of periodic time channels are matched with logging requirements, so that the situation that logging instruments for various logging operations are uniformly configured is avoided, the situation that logging data are insufficient or the logging data amount exceeds the instrument storage space is radically avoided, and meanwhile, the decision of a compression means is served;

Logging the resistivity logging instrument in the well after the logging is completed, and acquiring downhole state data by using a data acquisition device; selecting data to be compressed according to the data type, analyzing the compression requirement aiming at the data, and selecting a matched compression processing means; by adopting the scheme, not all logging data are simply compressed, but the data bytes which need to be compressed and have compressibility are selected to realize accurate and efficient compression from the two aspects of data type and logging requirement, users flexibly select the data bytes according to requirements during practical application, the speed of uploading the downhole data is improved, the pressure of a communication channel is reduced, meanwhile, logging time is improved, and reliable technical guarantee is provided for data interpretation and result drawing of logging data.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining data compression of a resistivity logging tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exemplary graph of a compression-free standard log acquired at a depth measurement point in a method for determining data compression of a resistivity logging tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram of a log after compression using a type I compression process in a method for determining data compression of a resistivity logging tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a log after compression using a type II compression process in a method for determining data compression of a resistivity logging tool according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data compression determination system for resistivity logging instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following will explain the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, so that the practitioner of the present invention can fully understand how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems, achieve the implementation process of the technical effects, and implement the present invention according to the implementation process. It should be noted that, as long as no conflict is formed, each embodiment of the present invention and each feature of each embodiment may be combined with each other, and the formed technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Although a flowchart depicts operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or at the same time. The order of the operations may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figures. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like.

The computer device includes a user device and a network device. Wherein the user equipment or client includes, but is not limited to, a computer, a smart phone, a PDA, etc.; network devices include, but are not limited to, a single network server, a server group of multiple network servers, or a cloud based cloud computing consisting of a large number of computers or network servers. The computer device may operate alone to implement the invention, or may access a network and implement the invention through interoperation with other computer devices in the network. The network in which the computer device is located includes, but is not limited to, the internet, a wide area network, a metropolitan area network, a local area network, a VPN network, and the like.

The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In recent years, configuration and logging quality of various logging instruments are improved to a certain extent, but along with the progress of technology, the data volume that logging instruments can acquire is also significantly increased, in order to analyze comprehensive logging data, all valuable logging data needs to be efficiently and timely transmitted to a ground system, based on the logging data, the logging data with gradually increased data volume is subjected to data compression processing technology before transmission, and the logging data compression processing technology is one of important research directions in the field.

The technology of data compression is a method for improving the transmission, storage and processing efficiency of original signal data by reducing the data volume or recoding and organizing the original signal data to reduce the storage space on the premise of not losing the original data information, and the general method is that an input signal is coded by a certain algorithm to output a relatively small bit stream which can replace the original signal; meanwhile, an algorithm can restore the output bit stream into a signal to realize decompression, but the process of coding the organization in the mode is complex, the compression degree is limited, the same complex algorithm is needed to be adopted during decompression, and the processing efficiency is low. In addition, when the data volume to be transmitted by different operation processes or different logging instruments is different, the data volume can only be processed by the same compression mode, so that the operation process with more data volume can consume longer time, and the practicability is insufficient. It follows that there is a need to provide yet another simpler log data compression execution logic.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the data compression judging method and the system for the resistivity logging instrument, which realize different logging instrument configuration parameters based on logging requirements, and further selectively adopt matched data compression means based on different logging instrument configuration parameters, so that the processing efficiency of a logging example can be improved to the maximum on the premise of not influencing the data accuracy.

The detailed flow of the method of embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below based on the attached drawing figures, where the steps shown in the flowchart of the figures may be performed in a computer system containing, for example, a set of computer executable instructions. Although a logical order of steps is depicted in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than presented.

Example 1

Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a data compression determination method of a resistivity logging tool according to an embodiment of the invention, and as can be seen with reference to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps.

An instrument scale decision step, analyzing the distribution condition of data to be acquired simultaneously, and carrying out instrument scale configuration in a logging instrument of the resistivity of the well to be used for the same depth based on the decision;

An operation parameter setting step, namely determining the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instruments with resistivity in the well, and setting the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument with resistivity in the well based on the measurement operation requirement;

a data acquisition step, namely acquiring a resistivity logging curve based on the well logging instrument with the resistivity being set, and acquiring set downhole state data by using the associated data acquisition device;

And a compression judging step, namely judging whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyzing the compression requirement for the data needing compression, and selecting a matched compression processing means according to the compression requirement.

During logging operation, because the scale of logging data is larger and the local storage space of an actual logging instrument is limited, the logging data with a required depth is usually acquired by using a logging device arranged underground and then transmitted to a ground system for subsequent data analysis and logging information processing, so that data which can provide technical guidance for technicians to implement operation engineering is obtained. When logging data is directly transmitted, the problem of low data transmission rate exists, so that the current situation of logging data acquisition cannot well meet the requirements of oil well exploration engineering, therefore, researchers of the invention develop logging data acquisition based on the logic of the embodiment and perform targeted compression processing on different acquired data before transmission, the time required by logging data transmission can be effectively saved under the condition of not affecting the data content and accuracy, the speed of uploading downhole data is improved, the pressure of a communication channel is reduced, logging time efficiency is improved, and technical guarantees are provided for data interpretation and result diagram of logging data.

According to the invention, the number of well logging instruments is set according to the well logging requirement, and if a plurality of sets of transient electromagnetic resistivity casing logging data with different detection depths (coverage) are required to be provided at the same time, at least two transient electromagnetic resistivity casing well logging instruments are required to be lowered at the same time;

in a preferred embodiment, in an instrument scale decision step, a process for deciding an instrument configuration in a downhole resistivity logging instrument to be employed for co-depth logging comprises:

when the area distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers a near field area, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers the far field region, one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously comprises a near field region and a far field region, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments and one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted simultaneously during the same-depth detection to serve as a set of downhole resistivity logging instruments, wherein the near field region and the far field region are divided in advance according to a set distribution distance threshold value.

In practice, a downhole operation module typically provides a set of downhole resistivity logging tools including at least one shallow detection resistivity logging tool and at least one deep detection resistivity logging tool.

Further, setting the number of logging curves, the number of cycle time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument according to the measurement operation requirement of the logging instrument by an operation parameter setting step;

wherein, select the data receiving curve line number of each logging instrument according to logging requirement, in one embodiment, the process of setting the logging curve number of the logging instrument of logging resistivity comprises:

Analyzing data acquisition requirements to be met by each instrument in each set of logging instrument with resistivity in the well, setting logging curves of the logging instruments with resistivity corresponding to the data acquisition requirements, wherein the total number of logging curves corresponding to all the requirements is the total number of logging curves to be acquired by the current logging instrument.

In practice, an alternative embodiment is to set the number of logs of the downhole resistivity tool during:

If the determination that the sleeve flaw detection function and the sleeve passing measurement function are required to be completed simultaneously is made, setting 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves which respectively comprise a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the forward direction and the reverse direction, wherein each resistivity logging instrument is required to provide 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves.

Specifically, if two functions of casing flaw detection and casing passing measurement are required to be completed, at least 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves are required to be provided by one downhole instrument, and marked as a curve epsilon, a curve zeta, a curve epsilon 'and a curve zeta'; wherein epsilon and zeta respectively represent a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the forward direction, and epsilon 'and zeta' respectively represent a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the reverse direction.

Further, in the logging process, the more the number of time channels of a single logging period is, the larger the measured data volume is, the higher the measuring precision is, but the larger the capacity of a memory or a buffer memory for storing the data is, the larger the occupied space of a logging instrument is; setting a period of a proper logging depth measurement point, wherein each logging instrument completes curve measurement of 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity of a full time channel number in the period;

the invention thus determines the number of time traces for each measurement curve based on the accuracy requirements of the measurement and the storage space of the logging tool, and in a preferred embodiment, the process of setting the number of cycle time traces and logging cycles for the logging tool comprises:

And acquiring storage space capacity information of the well logging instrument, setting a single-period data acquisition channel number in combination with an accuracy target in a measurement operation requirement, and further determining total time required by a full-time channel number in combination with the set single-channel acquisition time as a logging period.

In practical application, the suitable track number range is 200-400, and is generally set to be 200, considering the comprehensive measurement precision and the storage space of the logging instrument.

After the logging instruments for resistivity in the well are set according to the mode in the embodiment, the logging instruments for resistivity in the well are set to the required depth to collect the logging curves for resistivity, and meanwhile, the related data of the downhole state are collected by the related data collecting device;

In practical application, the downhole state data is set according to the requirement, at least comprises three parameters of temperature, magnetic positioning and gamma, and the data can be obtained by adopting any device or instrument capable of effectively measuring, and the invention is not particularly limited, wherein the consistency of the measurement depth of the obtained resistivity logging curve is required to be ensured.

Based on the acquired downhole state data such as temperature, magnetic positioning and gamma parameters, the method provides logging depth correspondence for logging data of transient electromagnetic resistivity downhole instruments, displays the coupling position of the casing, and provides gamma measurement data in the casing. Based on the means, the depth check of the logging data of the transient electromagnetic resistivity downhole instrument can be realized, and the authenticity of the data is ensured.

Further, for the collected data, a compression determination step is performed to determine whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the collected data, and a matched compression processing means is selected for the data to be compressed.

In a preferred embodiment, in the compression determination step, the process of determining whether the current data requires compression processing includes:

Identifying the data type of the current data, if the current data is one of the downhole state data, judging that compression is not needed, directly processing the current data into a unified specification by adopting a downhole data processing structure, and packaging the unified specification; the method for uniformly and normally processing the downhole state data is not particularly limited;

On the other hand, if the current data is the time spectrum data measured by the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well, the current data is determined to need to be packaged after compression processing.

Further, in one embodiment, in the compression determination step, the process of determining the current data compression processing means includes:

when the current data are time spectrum data measured by a logging instrument of the logging resistivity, analyzing the compression requirement of the current data according to the logging curve number, the single-period data acquisition channel number and the data timeliness requirement of the logging instrument of the logging resistivity, selecting different compression processing means based on the compression requirement, wherein the different compression processing means correspond to different compression analysis rules; the compression processing means comprises a type I compression means and a type II deep compression means. The type I compression means can also be called as a general compression means, and the type II upgrading compression means is an upgrading version depth compression means based on the general compression means.

In a preferred embodiment, in the compression determination step, it includes:

And representing each time spectrum data according to a set format so as to analyze the contents of different bytes of the data, selecting the contents of the set bytes as a basis, judging the compressibility of the data according to a set compression analysis rule, and further selectively compressing the data bytes with compressibility.

When the logging operation is actually applied, for each measurement curve, the A/D data output by the data processing unit of the logging instrument is collected once for each time channel, the data is an instantaneous measurement value of the logging instrument, and the measurement value is a digital value and is used as time spectrum data corresponding to one time channel.

In the above embodiment, the a/D bit number determination time spectrum data outputted by the data processing unit of the downhole tool is represented according to a set format, preferably, a 24-bit representation format is adopted, and when data compression determination is performed, each 24-bit measurement value is divided into three 8 bits of high, medium and low for analysis, and if an I-type compression means is adopted, the compressibility of the data is determined by the following logic:

Selecting the upper 8 bits of the data as the basis for judgment, judging the data to be compressible if any 1 bit in the upper 8 bits is 0, removing the upper 8 bits 0 of the 24-bit measured value, and storing the last 16 bits into a designated cache 1 according to 2 bytes; if any 1 bit in the upper 8 bits is not 0, judging the data to be incompressible, and directly storing 24-bit measured values into a designated buffer memory 2 according to 3 bytes until all time spectrum data of the current logging data curve are processed;

If a type II compression means is used, the compressibility of the data is determined by the following logic:

The high 8 bits of each 24-bit measured value serving as time spectrum data are judged, if any 1 bit in the 8 bits is 1, the high 8 bits 1 of the 24-bit measured value is removed, and the last 16 bits are stored into a designated cache 1 according to 2 bytes; if any 1 bit in the high 8 bits is not 0 and the 8 bits are not all 0, judging the data to be incompressible data, and directly storing 24-bit measured values into a designated cache 2 according to 3 bytes; if any 1 bit in the upper 8 bits is 0, judging the data to be compressible, removing the upper 8 bits 0 of the 24-bit measured value, storing the last 16 bits into a designated buffer 3 according to 2 bytes until all time spectrum data of the current logging data curve are processed;

namely, when the logging data curve is acquired by the deep detection resistivity logging instrument, compression judgment logic different from the logging data curve obtained by the shallow detection resistivity logging instrument is adopted, and the compression judgment logic is as follows:

The high 8 bits of each 24-bit measured value serving as time spectrum data are judged, if any 1 bit in the 8 bits is 1, the high 8 bits 1 of the 24-bit measured value is removed, and the last 16 bits are stored into a designated cache 1 according to 2 bytes; if any 1 bit in the high 8 bits is not 1 and the 8 bits are not all 0, judging the data to be incompressible data, and directly storing 24-bit measured values into a designated cache 2 according to 3 bytes; if any 1 bit in the upper 8 bits is 0, judging the data to be compressible, removing the upper 8 bits 0 of the 24-bit measured value, storing the last 16 bits into a designated buffer 3 according to 2 bytes until all time spectrum data of the current logging data curve are processed.

The I-type compression means and the II-type deep compression means adopted in the invention belong to lossless data compression, the data compression rate can reach 15-20% after the I-type compression means is implemented, and the data compression rate can reach 25-30% after the II-type deep compression means is implemented; and the method can realize a considerable level of data compression effect under the condition of not adopting statistical and dictionary compression algorithms.

Specifically, for example, a data stream having an original capacity of 4800 bytes, if not compressed, has a total capacity of about 4800 bytes; if the I-type compression means is adopted, the total capacity is not more than 4000 bytes, and based on the total capacity, the time for transmitting the whole logging data of one depth measurement point is not more than 330ms by combining a matched transmission bus; if a type II depth compression approach is used, the total capacity is no greater than 3600 bytes, and thanks to this, it takes no greater than 300ms to transmit the entire log data for one depth measurement point.

In actual application, the compression judgment flow is realized underground and is connected with the downhole resistivity logging instrument in a data way, and matched compression processing means are selected according to each resistivity logging curve of each set of transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument in a preset way, so that compressed shallow detection transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves and/or deep detection transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves are formed; uniformly packaging all the compressed resistivity logging curves by utilizing a related processing module to form a CAN compressed data stream;

In addition, as the temperature, magnetic positioning and gamma parameters serving as underground state data do not need to be compressed, the data are processed and encoded into unified data after being acquired, and the unified data are packaged into corresponding state data packaging packages;

The transmission module of the logging system packages and receives the CAN data stream formed by the encapsulation of the resistivity logging curve in an effective high-speed CAN bus transmission mode, combines the CAN data stream with the state data package, and further packages the CAN data stream to generate a complete compressed data stream; based on the above, the transmission module converts a complete compressed data stream into a complete compressed data stream which is easy to be transmitted remotely, and transmits the complete compressed data stream to the ground through a preset bus; correspondingly, after the subsequent data unpacking and decompressing processing, the identifiable or readable computer display of the shallow detection transient electromagnetic resistivity or the deep detection transient electromagnetic resistivity is formed.

The means for decompressing the data is implemented by adopting different rules correspondingly, so as to ensure the consistency of the data content obtained after the decompressing process and the data content before the compressing process.

Based on the means in the embodiment, when the downhole resistivity logging instrument is used for carrying out data compression on a plurality of logging curves of the downhole shallow detection and deep detection transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument, the uploading amount of downhole logging data is reduced and the transmission capacity of a transmission channel is improved on the premise of guaranteeing the measurement precision of the downhole logging instrument.

Implementation case:

Taking a set of downhole resistivity logging instruments as an example, one set of downhole resistivity logging instruments comprises a shallow detection resistivity logging instrument and a deep detection resistivity logging instrument;

determining the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instrument with resistivity, and setting the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument with resistivity based on the measurement operation requirement;

Based on the method, a shallow detection instrument is arranged to form 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves with shallow detection depth; the other set is a deep detection instrument, and forms 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves with deep detection depth, wherein the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves respectively comprise a casing flaw detection curve and a casing passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits forward and backward;

According to the logging requirement of the embodiment, to complete two functions of casing flaw detection and casing passing measurement, at least 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves are provided for one downhole instrument, and marked as epsilon, zeta, epsilon 'and zeta'; wherein epsilon and zeta respectively represent a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the forward direction, and epsilon 'and zeta' respectively represent a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the reverse direction. Therefore, if the information of a measurement depth point is to be transmitted or stored, at least 8 time spectrum curves of two sets of transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instruments are to be transmitted or stored, wherein the data comprise a sleeve flaw detection measurement curve epsilon _s received when a shallow detection resistivity instrument transmitting coil is transmitted in the forward direction, a sleeve passing measurement curve zeta _s received when the shallow detection resistivity instrument transmitting coil is transmitted in the forward direction, a sleeve flaw detection measurement curve epsilon _s 'received when the shallow detection resistivity instrument transmitting coil is transmitted in the reverse direction, and a sleeve passing measurement curve zeta _s' received when the shallow detection resistivity instrument transmitting coil is transmitted in the reverse direction; the method comprises the steps of receiving a sleeve flaw detection measurement curve epsilon _d when a transmitting coil of a deep detection resistivity instrument transmits forward, receiving a sleeve passing measurement curve zeta _d when the transmitting coil of the deep detection resistivity instrument transmits forward, receiving a sleeve flaw detection measurement curve epsilon _d 'when the transmitting coil of the deep detection resistivity instrument transmits backward, and receiving a sleeve passing measurement curve zeta _d' when the transmitting coil of the deep detection resistivity instrument transmits backward.

And acquiring storage space capacity information of the well instrument, setting a single-period data acquisition channel number in combination with an accuracy target in a measurement operation requirement, and further determining total time required by a full-time channel number in combination with the set single-channel acquisition time as a logging period. This embodiment sets the number of single-cycle data acquisition lanes to 200.

Then acquiring a resistivity logging curve based on the well logging instrument with the resistivity being set, and simultaneously acquiring set downhole state data by using an associated data acquisition device; downhole status data includes temperature, magnetic positioning, and gamma parameters;

Further, the compression judging step is executed to judge whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyze the compression requirement for the data needing compression and select a matched compression processing means.

Specifically, the data type of the current data is identified, and if the current data is one of the downhole state data, the data is judged not to need compression; the downhole status data includes downhole temperature, magnetic positioning, and gamma parameters;

and if the current data is the time spectrum data measured by the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well, judging that the compression processing is needed.

The process for judging the current data compression processing means comprises the following steps: when the current data are time spectrum data measured by a logging instrument of the logging resistivity, analyzing the compression requirement of the current data according to the logging curve number, the single-period data acquisition channel number and the data timeliness requirement of the logging instrument of the logging resistivity, selecting different compression processing means based on the compression requirement, wherein the different compression processing means correspond to different compression analysis rules; the compression processing means comprises I-type compression means and II-type deep compression means;

For each compression processing means, each time spectrum data is expressed according to a set format so as to analyze the content of different bytes of the data, the content of the set bytes is selected as a basis, the compressibility of the data is judged according to a set compression analysis rule, and then the compression processing is selectively carried out on the data bytes with compressibility, wherein the compression analysis rule is determined based on the content change analysis of the logging data of the resistivity logging instrument with different time periods.

In practical application, the analysis of historical logging data of the resistivity logging instrument finds that the curve measured by the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument (abbreviated as a downhole instrument) is a standard time spectrum curve without compression, and is characterized in that the amplitude of a front section curve is higher, the amplitude of a rear section curve is lower, and the ideal state is a monotonically decreasing curve, as shown by a standard casing flaw detection logging curve without compression, which is acquired by a certain depth measuring point in fig. 2, the horizontal axis shown in the figure is the time t of data acquisition, the time period of acquisition of a depth measuring point is t _n, n equal parts are uniformly divided in the period of acquisition of a depth measuring point, each equal part is called a time channel, and the time channel is the most basic data acquisition time unit, such as t ₁、t₂…t_n.

The vertical axis shown in fig. 2 is the voltage amplitude V of data collection, which is a 24-bit digital signal processed by two sets of transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instruments of the downhole module contained in the patent, the voltage amplitude collected and output by the receiving coil of the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument is marked epsilon ₁ for a first time channel t ₁, correspondingly, the voltage amplitude collected and output by the receiving coil of the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument is marked epsilon ₂ and … for a second time channel t ₂, and the voltage amplitude collected and output by the receiving coil of the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument is marked epsilon _n for an nth time channel t _n. As can be seen from the figure, in the first time path t ₁, the voltage amplitude epsilon ₁ collected and output by the receiving coil of the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument is maximum, and as time is prolonged, that is, the time path is moved forward, the voltage amplitude collected and output by the receiving coil of the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument is gradually reduced, that is, the curve gradually decays from high to low, and ideally, the time spectrum curve measured by the transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument is a monotonically decreasing curve in a depth measurement point period.

The 24-bit voltage amplitude digital signal (time spectrum data for short) of each time track is stored in a 3-byte storage unit, which is simply marked as 'x' and indicates 24 bits of all three bytes, and each bit is possibly 1 or 0; wherein the upper 8 bits are stored in one byte, the middle 8 bits are stored in one byte, the lower 8 bits are stored in one byte, each byte is represented by an "x", indicating that each of the 8 bits is likely to be either a 1 or 0.

As shown in fig. 2, the forward decay time spectrum curve usually has the largest time spectrum data of the first time track (t ₁), and the corresponding 3-byte memory unit has the 8 bits of the high byte being 11111111, which is marked as "1", any 1 bit of the 8 bits of the middle byte being 1 or 0, which is marked as "x", and any 1 bit of the 8 bits of the low byte being 1 or 0, which is marked as "x";

The 24-bit voltage amplitude digital signal of the second time track (t ₂) has smaller voltage amplitude than that of the first time track, and in the corresponding 3-byte memory cell, the 8 bits of the high byte are 11111111111, which is marked as "1", any 1 bit of the 8 bits of the middle byte may be 1 or 0, which is marked as "x", and any 1 bit of the 8 bits of the low byte may be 1 or 0, which is marked as "x";

as the time track increases, the magnitude of the voltage received in the time track gradually decreases, and in its corresponding 3-byte memory cell, the 8 bits of the high byte will no longer be "1", and the low bit of the 8 bits starts to appear 0, i.e., x ", e.g., the u-th time track is set. The time spectrum data stored before the u time channel can be expressed as '1×';

While as the time track continues to increase, the voltage amplitude received in the time track continues to gradually decrease, and in its corresponding 3-byte memory cell, the 8 bits of the high byte will no longer have 1 s, become 00000000, and be marked as "0", for example, the d-th time track is set. Thus, between the d-th time track and the u-th time track, the stored time spectrum data, of which 8 bits of any byte of high, middle and low may be 1 or 0, may be expressed as 'xx';

The time spectrum data stored after the d-th time track may be expressed as "0×" because 8 bits of its high byte become 00000000, which is marked as "0".

Correspondingly, fig. 3 shows an exemplary diagram of a casing flaw detection logging curve compressed by adopting an I-type compression processing means in a data compression determination method of a resistivity logging instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a casing flaw detection log after compression by a type II compression processing means in a data compression determination method for a resistivity logging tool according to another embodiment of the present invention; for the two-segment time-spectrum curve shown in fig. 3, an h time-track is set, and since the high byte 8 bits of the stored time-spectrum data have become 00000000 after the h time-track, the high, middle and low three bytes can be expressed as "0×", and the time-spectrum curve before the h time-track is set as "×", whether or not the high, middle and low three bytes are 00000000.

For the three-stage time spectrum curves shown in fig. 4, a u-th time track is set, the time spectrum curves before the u-th time track are each set to "1×", a d-th time track is set, the time spectrum curves between the u-th time track h and the d-th time track are each set to "0×", and the time spectrum curves after the d-th time track are each set to "0×". And setting compression analysis rules of different compression processing means based on the data change rule analysis.

Compressing each resistivity curve of each set of transient electromagnetic resistivity logging instrument according to different compression analysis rules to form 4 compressed shallow detection transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves and 4 deep detection transient electromagnetic resistivity logging curves;

And the transmission module packages and receives the compressed 8 resistivity logging curves in a transmission mode of a proper high-speed CAN bus, combines the compressed 8 resistivity logging curves with underground state data and then sends the combined data to the ground module. And then the computer display of the shallow detection transient electromagnetic resistivity or the deep detection transient electromagnetic resistivity which can be identified or read is formed after decompression processing.

By adopting the data compression judging method and system of the resistivity logging instrument, the distribution condition of the data needing to be acquired simultaneously is analyzed, the scale configuration scheme of the logging resistivity logging instrument needing to be adopted for logging at the same depth is decided, and the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging resistivity logging instrument are set based on the measurement operation requirement of the logging resistivity logging instrument; logging the resistivity logging instrument in the well after the logging is completed, and acquiring downhole state data by using a data acquisition device; selecting data to be compressed according to the data type, analyzing compression requirements aiming at the data, and selecting matched compression processing means; by adopting the scheme, the matched compression means are adopted for compression processing in a targeted manner aiming at different types of data acquired in the logging process, so that a user can flexibly select the data according to requirements, and assistance is provided for realizing accurate and efficient logging data transmission.

For the foregoing method embodiments, for simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown as a series of acts, but one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may, in accordance with the present invention, occur in other orders or concurrently. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required for the present invention.

It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, the method may also be used to obtain a data compression determination of a new resistivity logging tool by combining one or more of the above embodiments to achieve high accuracy and high efficiency processing of the logging data.

It should be noted that, based on the method in any one or more of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further provides a storage medium, where a program code capable of implementing the method in any one or more of the foregoing embodiments is stored, where the code, when executed by an operating system, is capable of implementing the data compression determination based on the resistivity logging tool as described above.

Example two

The method is described in detail in the embodiments disclosed in the present application, and the method of the present application may be implemented by using various types of apparatuses or systems, so based on other aspects of the method described in any one or more embodiments, the present application also provides a data compression determination system of a resistivity logging tool, where the system is used to perform the data compression determination method of the resistivity logging tool described in any one or more embodiments. Specific examples are given below for details.

Specifically, fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a data compression determination system of a resistivity logging instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the system includes:

The instrument scale decision module is configured to analyze the distribution condition of the data which need to be acquired simultaneously, and based on the decision, instrument scale configuration in the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well which needs to be adopted at the same depth is performed;

the operation parameter setting module is configured to determine the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instruments for logging resistivity, and set the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument for logging resistivity based on the measurement operation requirement;

a data acquisition module configured to acquire a resistivity log based on the set-up downhole resistivity logging instrument while utilizing the associated data acquisition device and downhole status data;

The compression judging module is configured to judge whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyze the compression requirement for the data needing compression and select matched compression processing means.

Further, in one embodiment, the instrument scale decision module is configured to decide how a downhole resistivity logging instrument to employ at the same depth is to be configured according to the following logic:

when the area distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers a near field area, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers the far field region, one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously comprises a near field region and a far field region, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments and one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted simultaneously during the same-depth detection to serve as a set of downhole resistivity logging instruments, wherein the near field region and the far field region are divided in advance according to a set distribution distance threshold value.

Further, in one embodiment, the operating parameter setting module sets the number of logs of the downhole resistivity logging instrument according to the following operations:

Analyzing data acquisition requirements to be met by each instrument in each set of logging instrument with resistivity in the well, setting logging curves of the logging instruments with resistivity corresponding to the data acquisition requirements, wherein the total number of logging curves corresponding to all the requirements is the total number of logging curves to be acquired by the current logging instrument.

Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the operation parameter setting module sets the number of logs of the downhole resistivity logging instrument according to the following operations:

If the determination that the sleeve flaw detection function and the sleeve passing measurement function are required to be completed simultaneously is made, setting 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves which respectively comprise a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the forward direction and the reverse direction, wherein each resistivity logging instrument is required to provide 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves.

In another aspect, in one embodiment, a process for setting a cycle time trace number and a logging cycle of a downhole resistivity logging tool includes:

And acquiring storage space capacity information of the well instrument, setting a single-period data acquisition channel number in combination with an accuracy target in a measurement operation requirement, and further determining total time required by a full-time channel number in combination with the set single-channel acquisition time as a logging period.

In a preferred embodiment, the compression determination module determines whether the current data requires compression processing according to the following operations:

Identifying the data type of the current data, if the current data is one of the downhole state data, judging that compression is not needed, directly processing the current data into a unified specification by adopting a downhole data processing structure, and packaging the unified specification; the downhole status data includes downhole temperature, magnetic positioning, and gamma parameters;

If the current data is the time spectrum data measured by the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well, the current data is determined to be packaged after compression processing.

Further, in one embodiment, the compression determination module determines the compression processing means of the current data according to the following logic:

When the current data are time spectrum data measured by a logging instrument of the logging resistivity, analyzing the compression requirement of the current data according to the logging curve number, the single-period data acquisition channel number and the data timeliness requirement of the logging instrument of the logging resistivity, selecting different compression processing means based on the compression requirement, wherein the different compression processing means correspond to different compression analysis rules; the compression processing means comprises a type I compression means and a type II deep compression means.

In the data compression judging system of the resistivity logging instrument provided by the embodiment of the invention, each module or unit structure can independently operate or operate in a combined mode according to the actual data acquisition requirement and the judging requirement so as to realize corresponding technical effects.

It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the specific structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but are intended to extend to equivalents of these features as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is still subject to the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method of determining data compression of a resistivity logging tool, the method comprising:

an instrument scale decision step, analyzing the distribution condition of data to be acquired simultaneously, and configuring the instrument scale in each set of downhole resistivity logging instrument to be adopted based on the decision and the depth;

An operation parameter setting step, namely determining the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instruments with resistivity in the well, and setting the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument with resistivity in the well based on the measurement operation requirement;

a data acquisition step of acquiring a resistivity logging curve based on the well logging instrument with the well resistivity which is set up, and simultaneously utilizing the associated data acquisition device and the well state data;

And a compression judging step, namely judging whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyzing the compression requirement for the data needing compression, and selecting a matched compression processing means according to the compression requirement.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the instrument scale decision step, how the downhole resistivity logging instrument to be deployed at the same depth is configured is determined according to the following logic:

when the area distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers a near field area, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously only covers the far field region, one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted as a set of logging instruments for logging in the same depth;

When the region distributed by the data needing to be acquired simultaneously comprises a near field region and a far field region, one or more shallow detection resistivity logging instruments and one or more deep detection resistivity logging instruments are adopted simultaneously during the same-depth detection to serve as a set of downhole resistivity logging instruments, wherein the near field region and the far field region are divided in advance according to a set distribution distance threshold value.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the process of setting the number of logs of the downhole resistivity logging instrument comprises:

Analyzing data acquisition requirements to be met by each instrument in each set of logging instrument with resistivity in the well, setting logging curves of the logging instruments with resistivity corresponding to the data acquisition requirements, wherein the total number of logging curves corresponding to all the requirements is the total number of logging curves to be acquired by the current logging instrument.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, in setting the number of logs of the downhole resistivity logging instrument:

If the determination that the sleeve flaw detection function and the sleeve passing measurement function are required to be completed simultaneously is made, setting 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves which respectively comprise a sleeve flaw detection curve and a sleeve passing measurement curve which are received when the transmitting coil transmits in the forward direction and the reverse direction, wherein each resistivity logging instrument is required to provide 4 transient electromagnetic resistivity curves.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the process of setting the number of cycle time traces and the logging period of the downhole resistivity logging instrument comprises:

And acquiring storage space capacity information of the well instrument, setting a single-period data acquisition channel number in combination with an accuracy target in a measurement operation requirement, and further determining total time required by a full-time channel number in combination with the set single-channel acquisition time as a logging period.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the compression determination step, the process of determining whether the current data requires compression processing includes:

Identifying the data type of the current data, if the current data is one of the downhole state data, judging that compression is not needed, directly processing the current data into a unified specification by adopting a downhole data processing structure, and packaging the unified specification; the downhole status data includes downhole temperature, magnetic positioning, and gamma parameters;

If the current data is the time spectrum data measured by the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well, the current data is determined to be packaged after compression processing.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the compression determination step, the process of determining the current data compression processing means includes:

When the current data are time spectrum data measured by a logging instrument of the logging resistivity, analyzing the compression requirement of the current data according to the logging curve number, the single-period data acquisition channel number and the data timeliness requirement of the logging instrument of the logging resistivity, selecting different compression processing means based on the compression requirement, wherein the different compression processing means correspond to different compression analysis rules; the compression processing means comprises a type I compression means and a type II deep compression means.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the compression determination step, comprising:

And representing each time spectrum data according to a set format so as to analyze the content of different bytes of the data, selecting the content of the set bytes as a basis, judging the compressibility of the data according to a set compression analysis rule, and further selectively compressing the data bytes with compressibility, wherein the compression analysis rule is determined based on the content change analysis of the logging data of the resistivity logging instrument of different time periods.

9. A storage medium having stored thereon program code for implementing the method of any of claims 1 to 7.

10. A data compression decision system for a resistivity logging tool, wherein the system performs the method of any one of claims 1-8, the system comprising:

The instrument scale decision module is configured to analyze the distribution condition of the data which need to be acquired simultaneously, and based on the decision, instrument scale configuration in the logging instrument of the resistivity of the well which needs to be adopted at the same depth is performed;

the operation parameter setting module is configured to determine the measurement operation requirement of each set of logging instruments for logging resistivity, and set the number of logging curves, the number of periodic time channels and the logging period of each logging instrument for logging resistivity based on the measurement operation requirement;

a data acquisition module configured to acquire resistivity log based on the set-up logging tool while acquiring set downhole status data with the associated data acquisition device;

the compression judging module is configured to judge whether the current data needs compression processing according to the data type of the acquired data, analyze the compression requirement for the data needing compression and select matched compression processing means according to the compression requirement.