CN117932941B - Deviation correction method and system based on torque prediction model - Google Patents

Deviation correction method and system based on torque prediction model Download PDF

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CN117932941B
CN117932941B CN202410118306.0A CN202410118306A CN117932941B CN 117932941 B CN117932941 B CN 117932941B CN 202410118306 A CN202410118306 A CN 202410118306A CN 117932941 B CN117932941 B CN 117932941B
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赵宏霞
朱青松
赵畅
邢相鹏
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Beijing Polytechnic
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Abstract

The invention provides a deviation correction method and a system based on a torque prediction model, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor; constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature; constructing an engine torque prediction model by using an intake manifold pressure system model; calculating a torque value output by a theoretical engine by using an engine torque prediction model; when the deviation between the torque value output by the engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not in the preset range, the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is kept in the preset range through a PID algorithm. According to the invention, the environment sensor is used for collecting the environment temperature and constructing the corresponding model, so that the change of the environment temperature can be sensed in real time, and the engine torque can be adjusted in time so as to adapt to the working states at different temperatures.

Description

Deviation correction method and system based on torque prediction model
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engine torque control, and particularly relates to a deviation correction method and system based on a torque prediction model.
Background
Engine torque control refers to adjusting the torque output by an engine according to the working state of the engine and the running condition of the vehicle so as to balance the power performance and the fuel economy of the vehicle. At present, the existing engine torque control method is mainly based on parameters such as vehicle speed, accelerator position, engine speed and the like, but the influence of ambient temperature on the engine performance is usually ignored.
The environmental temperature has important influence on the working performance of the engine, the combustion efficiency of the engine is reduced in a low-temperature environment, the viscosity of engine oil is increased, and the problems of difficult starting, incomplete combustion and the like of the engine are caused; the engine is easy to overheat and knock in high temperature environment. Therefore, the engine torque control method based on the ambient temperature is becoming a research hotspot in the current engine control field.
There have been some studies on engine control at ambient temperature, but most remain in the theoretical stage of investigation, lacking practical feasibility and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a deviation correction method and system based on a torque prediction model.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a deviation correction method based on a torque prediction model comprises the following steps:
Step 1: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor;
Step 2: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature;
Step 3: constructing an engine torque prediction model by using an intake manifold pressure system model;
step 4: calculating a torque value of a theoretical engine output by using the engine torque prediction model;
step 5: judging whether the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is in a preset range or not;
step 6: if the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not in the preset range, the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is kept in the preset range through a PID algorithm.
Preferably, the step 2: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature, comprising:
Step 2.1: constructing an air mass flow equation at a throttle valve based on the flow function; wherein the flow function is:
Wherein, As a flow function, κ represents the air flow rate, p m represents the intake manifold pressure, p a represents the throttle upstream pressure,
Step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation entering a cylinder by using the rotating speed of an engine;
Step 2.3: and constructing an intake manifold pressure system model by using the air mass flow equation at the throttle valve and the air mass flow equation of the air entering the cylinder.
Preferably, the air mass flow equation at the throttle valve is:
Where c d represents the specific heat capacity of air, T in represents the ambient temperature at the throttle valve, and R represents the air gas constant.
Preferably, the step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation into the cylinder using the rotational speed of the engine, comprising:
The formula is adopted:
constructing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder; where η denotes volumetric efficiency, V d denotes scavenging volume, T m denotes ambient temperature at the cylinder, ω denotes engine speed.
Preferably, the step 3: constructing an engine torque output model using the intake manifold pressure system model, comprising:
step 3.1: solving the oil injection quantity by utilizing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder;
Step 3.2: calculating an indication power by using the oil injection quantity;
step 3.3: calculating an average indicated torque using the indicated power;
step 3.4: and constructing an actual output torque equation of the engine by using the average indicated torque.
Preferably, in the step 3.4, the engine actual output torque equation is:
where λ represents an air-fuel ratio constant, H l represents an air-fuel ratio constant, η l represents an indicated efficiency, T e represents an engine actual output torque, and T f represents a friction torque.
Preferably, the step 1: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor, comprising:
step 1.1: acquiring a temperature signal acquired by an environment sensor;
step 1.2: decomposing the temperature signal by using a wavelet basis function to obtain wavelet coefficients under different scales;
Step 1.3: constructing wavelet threshold according to wavelet coefficients under different scales; wherein the wavelet threshold is:
Where λ j represents the wavelet threshold, σ j represents the standard deviation of the wavelet coefficients at the j-th decomposition scale, and N j represents the length of the temperature signal at the j-th decomposition scale;
Step 1.4: constructing a threshold function by utilizing the wavelet threshold;
Step 1.5: processing each wavelet coefficient by using the threshold function to obtain a processed wavelet coefficient;
Step 1.6: and carrying out reconstruction processing on the processed wavelet coefficient to obtain the environment temperature after denoising.
Preferably, the threshold function is:
Wherein W j,k represents the kth wavelet coefficient at the jth decomposition scale, Representing the processed wavelet coefficients, sgn (·) is a sign function, α represents the approximation coefficient, and β represents the cutoff coefficient.
The invention also provides a deviation correction system based on the torque prediction model, which comprises the following steps:
the environment temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the environment temperature by using the environment sensor;
The pressure system model building module is used for building an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature;
the torque prediction module is used for constructing an engine torque prediction model by utilizing the intake manifold pressure system model;
the theoretical torque calculation module is used for calculating a torque value output by a theoretical engine by using the engine torque prediction model;
The judging module is used for judging whether the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is in a preset range or not;
And the PID control module is used for keeping the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine within a preset range through a PID algorithm if the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not within the preset range.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of a method for correcting a deviation based on a torque prediction model as described above.
The deviation correction method and system based on the torque prediction model provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention can sense the change of the ambient temperature in real time by using the ambient sensor to collect the ambient temperature and constructing the corresponding model, thereby being capable of adjusting the torque of the engine in time so as to adapt to the working states at different temperatures.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a deviation correction method based on a torque prediction model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a deviation correction system based on a torque prediction model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a deviation correction method based on a torque prediction model includes:
Step 1: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor;
Step 2: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature;
The premise of torque output is that the combustion process is completed in the cylinder, the piston does work to drive the crankshaft to rotate to generate torque, the combustion process needs to be completed by fully mixing fuel oil and air and then igniting the mixture to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to push the piston to do work, and therefore the air temperature has an important influence on the working performance of the engine. The intake manifold pressure system model of the present invention adopts an isothermal model, i.e., it is assumed that the temperature of the gas flowing through the manifold does not change or changes slowly and weakly.
Further, step 2 includes:
for compressible gases, the most important and common flow control module is the isothermal manifold. When modeling such devices, the key assumption is that the flow characteristics can be divided into two assumptions: firstly, there is no loss in the acceleration section up to the narrowest point (pressure drop). All potential energy stored in the fluid (pressure as its state quantity) is isentropically converted into kinetic energy; second, after the narrowest point, the flow is entirely turbulent, and all the kinetic energy obtained in the first section is converted (dissipated) into thermal energy. In addition, no pressure recovery occurs. The result of these key assumptions is that the pressure at the narrowest point of the valve is (approximately) equal to the downstream pressure, and that the fluid temperatures before and after the manifold are approximately the same.
Step 2.1: according to the theory, the invention can construct an air mass flow equation at the throttle valve based on a flow function by adopting the thermodynamic relationship of isentropic expansion; wherein the flow function is:
Wherein, As a flow function, κ represents the air flow rate, p m represents the intake manifold pressure, p a represents the throttle upstream pressure,
The air mass flow equation at the throttle valve is as follows:
Where c d represents the specific heat capacity of air, T in represents the ambient temperature at the throttle valve, and R represents the air gas constant.
Step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation entering a cylinder by using the rotating speed of an engine;
For a typical gasoline engine, the mass air flow from the manifold is actually determined by the difference between the intake manifold pressure and the individual cylinder inlet pressure. According to the mean modeling principle, the intake transient characteristics among different cylinders are ignored, and the mass air flow entering the cylinders is an equation related to the engine speed and the intake manifold pressure:
where η denotes volumetric efficiency, V d denotes scavenging volume, T m denotes ambient temperature at the cylinder, ω denotes engine speed.
Step 2.3: and constructing an intake manifold pressure system model by using the air mass flow equation at the throttle valve and the air mass flow equation of the air entering the cylinder.
And constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the law of conservation of mass energy:
V m is a constant of 22.4.
And obtaining parameters such as the air mass flow entering the cylinder, the air mass flow at the throttle valve, the air manifold pressure and the like by using a least square identification method through an air mass flow equation at the throttle valve, an air mass flow equation entering the cylinder and an air manifold pressure system model.
Step 3: constructing an engine torque prediction model by using an intake manifold pressure system model;
further, the step3 includes:
step 3.1: solving the oil injection quantity by utilizing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder;
Step 3.2: calculating an indication power by using the oil injection quantity;
step 3.3: calculating an average indicated torque using the indicated power;
step 3.4: and constructing an actual output torque equation of the engine by using the average indicated torque.
The gas intake manifold is distributed into the cylinder, the gas intake manifold is mixed with fuel oil in the cylinder to complete the combustion process, namely, the combustible gas mixture is combusted under a proper air-fuel ratio to form a high-temperature high-pressure environment, the piston is pushed to move to drive the crankshaft to rotate, and torque is generated, namely, the actual output torque equation of the engine is as follows:
where λ represents an air-fuel ratio constant, H l represents an air-fuel ratio constant, η l represents an indicated efficiency, T e represents an engine actual output torque, and T f represents a friction torque.
Step 4: calculating a torque value of a theoretical engine output by using the engine torque prediction model;
step 5: judging whether the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is in a preset range or not;
step 6: if the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not in the preset range, the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is kept in the preset range through a PID algorithm.
The invention keeps the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine in the preset range through the PID algorithm, so that the engine of the automobile can adapt to different environments and working conditions, and the system has stronger adaptability and stability.
The invention also carries out denoising treatment on the environmental temperature before acquiring the environmental temperature, and filters out noise signals in the environmental temperature, so that the acquired environmental temperature data is more accurate and reliable.
Further, step 1: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor, comprising:
step 1.1: acquiring a temperature signal acquired by an environment sensor;
step 1.2: decomposing the temperature signal by using a wavelet basis function to obtain wavelet coefficients under different scales;
Step 1.3: constructing wavelet threshold according to wavelet coefficients under different scales; wherein the wavelet threshold is:
Where λ j represents the wavelet threshold, σ j represents the standard deviation of the wavelet coefficients at the j-th decomposition scale, and N j represents the length of the temperature signal at the j-th decomposition scale;
Step 1.4: constructing a threshold function by utilizing the wavelet threshold;
Wherein the threshold function is:
Where W j,k represents the kth wavelet coefficient at the jth decomposition scale, Representing the processed wavelet coefficients, sgn (·) is a sign function, α represents the approximation coefficient, and β represents the cutoff coefficient.
The common wavelet denoising threshold functions include a hard threshold function and a soft threshold function, and the soft threshold function generally performs smoothing on wavelet coefficients to reduce noise, however, the smoothness is too strong, which causes loss of detail information of signals, and thus excessive denoising is caused. Also, there is always a constant deviation of the actual wavelet coefficients from the processed wavelet coefficients, which may reduce the quality of the reconstructed signal. The hard threshold function will zero wavelet coefficients less than the threshold, resulting in a complete cancellation of the small amplitude signal, resulting in a loss of valid information. In addition, since the hard threshold function directly cuts off the wavelet coefficient, an oscillation phenomenon occurs in the signal reconstruction process, and a pseudo Gibbs phenomenon further occurs. The threshold function provided by the invention can be controlled more conveniently by adjusting the approximation coefficient and the cutoff coefficient, the function is enabled to be more rapidly close to the expected position while the discontinuity of the threshold function is eliminated, and the continuity of the threshold function is ensured, so that the occurrence of the pseudo Gibbs phenomenon is avoided, and the smoothness of the original signal can be maintained after noise reduction.
Step 1.5: processing each wavelet coefficient by using the threshold function to obtain a processed wavelet coefficient;
Step 1.6: and carrying out reconstruction processing on the processed wavelet coefficient to obtain the environment temperature after denoising.
According to the invention, the environment sensor is used for collecting the environment temperature and constructing the corresponding model, so that the change of the environment temperature can be sensed in real time, and the engine torque can be adjusted in time so as to adapt to the working states at different temperatures.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a deviation correction system based on a torque prediction model, including:
the environment temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the environment temperature by using the environment sensor;
The pressure system model building module is used for building an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature;
the torque prediction module is used for constructing an engine torque prediction model by utilizing the intake manifold pressure system model;
the theoretical torque calculation module is used for calculating a torque value output by a theoretical engine by using the engine torque prediction model;
The judging module is used for judging whether the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is in a preset range or not;
And the PID control module is used for keeping the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine within a preset range through a PID algorithm if the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not within the preset range.
Compared with the prior art, the deviation correction system based on the torque prediction model has the same beneficial effects as the deviation correction method based on the torque prediction model described in the technical scheme, and is not repeated herein.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of a method for correcting a deviation based on a torque prediction model as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer readable storage medium provided by the invention are the same as those of the deviation correction method based on the torque prediction model described in the technical scheme, and are not repeated here.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A deviation correction method based on a torque prediction model, comprising:
Step 1: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor;
Step 2: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature;
the step 2: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature, comprising:
Step 2.1: constructing an air mass flow equation at a throttle valve based on the flow function; wherein the flow function is:
Wherein, As a flow function, κ represents the air flow rate, p m represents the intake manifold pressure, p a represents the throttle upstream pressure,
Step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation entering a cylinder by using the rotating speed of an engine;
The step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation into the cylinder using the rotational speed of the engine, comprising:
The formula is adopted:
Constructing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder; where η denotes volumetric efficiency, V d denotes scavenging volume, T m denotes ambient temperature at the cylinder, ω denotes engine speed;
Step 2.3: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model by utilizing the air mass flow equation at the throttle valve and the air mass flow equation of the air entering the cylinder;
The air mass flow equation at the throttle valve is as follows:
Wherein c d represents the specific heat capacity of air, T in represents the ambient temperature at the throttle valve, and R represents the air gas constant;
Step 3: constructing an engine torque prediction model by using an intake manifold pressure system model;
The step 3: constructing an engine torque prediction model using the intake manifold pressure system model, comprising:
step 3.1: solving the oil injection quantity by utilizing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder;
Step 3.2: calculating an indication power by using the oil injection quantity;
step 3.3: calculating an average indicated torque using the indicated power;
Step 3.4: constructing an actual output torque equation of the engine by using the average indicated torque;
in said step 3.4, the engine actual output torque equation is:
Where λ represents an air-fuel ratio constant, H l represents an air-fuel ratio constant, η l represents an indicated efficiency, T e represents an engine actual output torque, and T f represents a friction torque;
step 4: calculating a torque value of a theoretical engine output by using the engine torque prediction model;
step 5: judging whether the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is in a preset range or not;
step 6: if the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not in the preset range, the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is kept in the preset range through a PID algorithm.
2. The deviation correcting method based on a torque prediction model according to claim 1, wherein the step 1: collecting an ambient temperature using an ambient sensor, comprising:
step 1.1: acquiring a temperature signal acquired by an environment sensor;
step 1.2: decomposing the temperature signal by using a wavelet basis function to obtain wavelet coefficients under different scales;
Step 1.3: constructing wavelet threshold according to wavelet coefficients under different scales; wherein the wavelet threshold is:
Where λ j represents the wavelet threshold, σ j represents the standard deviation of the wavelet coefficients at the j-th decomposition scale, and N j represents the length of the temperature signal at the j-th decomposition scale;
Step 1.4: constructing a threshold function by utilizing the wavelet threshold;
Step 1.5: processing each wavelet coefficient by using the threshold function to obtain a processed wavelet coefficient;
Step 1.6: and carrying out reconstruction processing on the processed wavelet coefficient to obtain the environment temperature after denoising.
3. The deviation correcting method based on a torque prediction model according to claim 2, wherein the threshold function is:
Wherein W j,k represents the kth wavelet coefficient at the jth decomposition scale, Representing the processed wavelet coefficients, sgn (·) is a sign function, α represents the approximation coefficient, and β represents the cutoff coefficient.
4. A torque prediction model-based bias correction system, comprising:
the environment temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the environment temperature by using the environment sensor;
The pressure system model building module is used for building an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature;
wherein, construct an intake manifold pressure system model according to the ambient temperature, comprising:
Step 2.1: constructing an air mass flow equation at a throttle valve based on the flow function; wherein the flow function is:
Wherein, As a flow function, κ represents the air flow rate, p m represents the intake manifold pressure, p a represents the throttle upstream pressure,
Step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation entering a cylinder by using the rotating speed of an engine;
The step 2.2: constructing an air mass flow equation into the cylinder using the rotational speed of the engine, comprising:
The formula is adopted:
Constructing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder; where η denotes volumetric efficiency, V d denotes scavenging volume, T m denotes ambient temperature at the cylinder, ω denotes engine speed;
Step 2.3: constructing an intake manifold pressure system model by utilizing the air mass flow equation at the throttle valve and the air mass flow equation of the air entering the cylinder;
The air mass flow equation at the throttle valve is as follows:
Wherein c d represents the specific heat capacity of air, T in represents the ambient temperature at the throttle valve, and R represents the air gas constant;
the torque prediction module is used for constructing an engine torque prediction model by utilizing the intake manifold pressure system model;
The construction of the engine torque prediction model by using the intake manifold pressure system model comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: solving the oil injection quantity by utilizing an air mass flow equation entering the air cylinder;
Step 3.2: calculating an indication power by using the oil injection quantity;
step 3.3: calculating an average indicated torque using the indicated power;
Step 3.4: constructing an actual output torque equation of the engine by using the average indicated torque;
in said step 3.4, the engine actual output torque equation is:
Where λ represents an air-fuel ratio constant, H l represents an air-fuel ratio constant, η l represents an indicated efficiency, T e represents an engine actual output torque, and T f represents a friction torque;
the theoretical torque calculation module is used for calculating a torque value output by a theoretical engine by using the engine torque prediction model;
The judging module is used for judging whether the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is in a preset range or not;
And the PID control module is used for keeping the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine within a preset range through a PID algorithm if the deviation between the torque value output by the current engine and the torque value output by the theoretical engine is not within the preset range.
5. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of a torque prediction model based bias correction method as claimed in any one of claims 1-3.
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