CN117930157A - Semi-physical radar test system - Google Patents
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- CN117930157A CN117930157A CN202410018177.8A CN202410018177A CN117930157A CN 117930157 A CN117930157 A CN 117930157A CN 202410018177 A CN202410018177 A CN 202410018177A CN 117930157 A CN117930157 A CN 117930157A
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of radars, and discloses a semi-physical radar test system, which comprises: the front-end antenna is used for receiving radar signals; the servo mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the front-end antenna; the intermediate frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the target simulator and simulates the position and the movement track of the target; the radio frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the jammer to realize the application of the jammer; the task management module controls the movement of the front-end antenna and the servo mechanism and receives the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile; and the scene simulation system generates target position information and ballistic simulated projectile launching point position information and communicates with the jammer, the target simulator and the task management module. The semi-physical radar test system has flexible directivity and signal processing capability by adopting advanced technologies such as phased array antennas, closed loop servo systems, DSP intermediate frequency signal processing and the like, and can meet the requirements of different targets and interference scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to a semi-physical radar test system.
Background
The radar technology has wide application in the fields of military, aerospace, weather, geological exploration and the like, and has important significance for target detection, tracking and identification. In order to study and verify the performance of radar systems, semi-physical simulation techniques are widely used in the field of radar testing. The semi-physical radar test system can provide real radar signals and simulation scenes by combining actual radar equipment with a simulation environment, and provides an effective means for radar performance evaluation and verification.
However, aiming at the current electronic warfare research field, research, development, test and interference effect evaluation of interference equipment are required to participate and cooperate by multiple radars, and the number and variety of radars with different models, frequency bands and modes are various, wherein a large number of external army radar equipment which cannot be obtained are involved, such as the possibility of using completely real radar equipment for test is very low. Therefore, on one hand, the performance of the interference equipment cannot be fully verified, the performance optimization of the interference equipment cannot be effectively promoted, the interference equipment is updated, and on the other hand, the technical and tactical level of operation personnel on equipment operation cannot be effectively trained and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a semi-physical radar test system which can effectively simulate various radar working states and target conditions and provides a more reliable and efficient means for radar performance evaluation and verification.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a semi-physical radar test system comprising:
The front-end antenna is used for receiving radar signals;
The servo mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the front-end antenna;
the intermediate frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the target simulator and simulates the position and the movement track of the target;
The radio frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the jammer to realize the application of the jammer;
the task management module controls the movement of the front-end antenna and the servo mechanism and receives the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile;
And the scene simulation system generates target position information and ballistic simulated projectile launching point position information and communicates with the jammer, the target simulator and the task management module.
Preferably, the front-end antenna is in the form of a phased array.
Preferably, the servo mechanism adopts a combination of a motor and a controller for controlling the rotation and the positioning of the front-end antenna.
Preferably, the intermediate frequency signal interaction module is implemented by a digital signal processor and is used for communicating with the target simulator and updating the position information of the target in real time.
Preferably, the radio frequency signal interaction module is composed of a radio frequency signal generator and a radio frequency switch and is used for communicating with the jammer to realize the application of the jammer.
Preferably, the task management module is realized by an embedded system, controls the movement of the front-end antenna and the servo mechanism, and receives the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile.
Preferably, the scene simulation system is realized by computer software, and combines a mathematical model and a simulation algorithm to generate the position and the motion track of the target and generate the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile.
Preferably, the scene simulation system transmits target position information to the jammer and the target simulator, transmits position information of a launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile to the task management module, and transmits a radar parameter configuration file to the radar.
Preferably, the radar system further comprises a display for displaying the working state of the radar and the capturing condition of the target.
Preferably, a user interface is also included for adjusting radar parameters and observing real-time feedback information.
The invention provides a semi-physical radar test system. The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. The semi-physical radar test system has flexible directivity and signal processing capability by adopting advanced technologies such as phased array antennas, closed loop servo systems, DSP intermediate frequency signal processing and the like, and can meet the requirements of different targets and interference scenes.
2. According to the method, the target position and the motion trail are generated in real time through the scene simulation system, and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system is combined, so that a more real environment is provided for the experiment of the radar system, and the system performance can be evaluated more accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general model structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the current electronic warfare research field, research and development, test and interference effect evaluation of interference equipment are carried out, multiple radars are needed to participate and cooperate, the number and variety of radars with different models, frequency bands and modes are various, and a large number of external army radar equipment which cannot be acquired are involved, such as the possibility of using the completely real radar equipment for test is vast. Therefore, on one hand, the performance of the interference equipment cannot be fully verified, the performance optimization of the interference equipment cannot be effectively promoted, the interference equipment is updated, and on the other hand, the technical and tactical level of operation personnel on equipment operation cannot be effectively trained and improved.
For this reason, the current interference equipment test requirements are summarized according to the radar technology experience accumulated in long-term development:
1. from the basic structural composition, the radar equipment is completely consistent, and the processing from radio frequency to back end can be divided into five parts, namely an antenna, a servo component, a frequency conversion component, a signal processor and a task manager.
2. The main differences of the radar of different systems are antenna form, radio frequency range and servo form, while the input signal frequency bandwidth of the signal processing end has small difference, while the back end signal processing form has difference, the unified high-performance signal processing hardware platform can cover various radar signal processing platforms and task management hardware requirements.
3. For the interference equipment, the input and output signals are radar radio frequency signals of the target object.
In summary, the present invention provides a general model for the radar jammer test, which isolates the differences of various types of radars, as shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 2, based on the foregoing, an embodiment of the present invention provides a semi-physical radar test system, which includes a front-end antenna, a servo mechanism, an intermediate frequency signal interaction module, a radio frequency signal interaction module, a task management module, and a scene simulation system.
The front-end antenna is used for receiving radar signals;
In this embodiment, the front-end antenna is a phased array antenna, and is composed of hundreds to thousands of antenna units. Each antenna unit consists of a phase regulator and a power amplifier, and the phase and the amplitude can be independently controlled, so that a beam in a specific direction is formed, and the directional reception of radar signals is realized.
Specifically, the phased array antenna has the advantages of strong directivity, flexible beam forming, strong anti-interference capability and the like, can realize rapid capturing and tracking of targets, and improves the performance and flexibility of a radar system.
In other embodiments, the use of mechanically scanned antennas in addition to phased array antennas is also contemplated. The mechanical scanning antenna realizes the rotation scanning of the antenna through a mechanical structure, and can realize the scanning and the receiving of radar signals in a certain range.
Specifically, the mechanical scanning antenna is simple in structure, low in cost and suitable for scenes with low directivity requirements.
The servo mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the front-end antenna;
in this embodiment, the servo mechanism is a closed loop system consisting of a brushless DC motor, an encoder and a controller. The controller receives the instruction issued by the task management module, and the encoder feeds back the position information in real time, so that the front-end antenna can be accurately positioned and tracked.
Specifically, the closed loop servo system has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, high response speed, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and can ensure the accurate tracking and positioning of the front-end antenna to the target and improve the tracking performance of the radar system.
In other embodiments, open loop servo systems are contemplated in addition to closed loop servo systems. Open loop servo systems drive actuators by controlling input signals, but do not feed back and adjust the output in real time.
Specifically, the open loop servo system has simple structure and low cost, and is suitable for scenes with low requirements on positioning accuracy.
The intermediate frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the target simulator and simulates the position and the movement track of the target;
in this embodiment, the intermediate frequency signal interaction module is implemented by a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and updates the position information of the target in real time by performing data interaction with the interface of the target simulator. The DSP can receive radar echo signals simulated by the target simulator, process and demodulate the signals, extract the position and speed information of the target, and then transmit the information to the task management module to simulate and track the position and the movement track of the target.
Specifically, the intermediate frequency signal interaction module realized by adopting the DSP has the advantages of high signal processing speed, strong real-time performance, strong anti-interference capability and the like, can accurately simulate the position and the motion trail of a target, and provides a reliable simulation environment for the experiment of a radar system.
In other embodiments, the use of a general Software Defined Radio (SDR) platform is also contemplated, in addition to DSP implementations. The SDR platform can realize flexible signal processing and communication functions, and is suitable for scenes with higher requirements on medium-frequency signal processing.
In particular, the SDR platform has the characteristics of high flexibility and strong configurability, and can adapt to the signal processing requirements of different frequencies and modulation modes.
The radio frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the jammer to realize the application of the jammer;
In this embodiment, the rf signal interaction module is composed of an rf signal generator and an rf switch, where the rf signal generator generates an interference signal, and the rf switch is used to control switching of signals. The radio frequency signal generator can generate various interference signals such as noise, interference codes or interference pulses, and the radio frequency switch can control the switching and the switching of the interference signals according to the instruction of the task management module so as to realize interference suppression of the radar system.
Specifically, the radio frequency signal interaction module can realize real-time interference application and control of the radar system, and a reliable experimental platform is provided for interference resistance evaluation of the radar system.
In other embodiments, the use of integrated software defined disruptors in addition to the RF signal generator and RF switch is also contemplated. The software defined jammer can realize the generation and transmission of various interference signals through software configuration.
Specifically, the software-defined jammer has the characteristics of high flexibility and multiple interference signal implementation modes, and can adapt to the requirements of different interference scenes.
The task management module controls the movement of the front-end antenna and the servo mechanism and receives the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile;
in this embodiment, the task management module is implemented by using an embedded system, receives an instruction from the scene simulation system, controls the rotation of the servo mechanism according to the instruction, makes the front-end antenna point to a target or a specific position, and receives the position information of the ballistic simulated projectile launching point in real time. The task management module can adjust the pointing angle and speed of the front-end antenna in real time, and meanwhile, the servo mechanism is controlled to achieve accurate positioning and tracking.
Specifically, the embedded task management module has the advantages of high response speed, strong instantaneity, high flexibility and the like, can effectively control the movement and positioning of the radar system, and improves the experimental efficiency and reliability of the radar system.
In other embodiments, in addition to embedded systems, industrial personal computers or industrial grade single board computers are also contemplated. The industrial personal computer or the single-board computer has stronger computing and communication capabilities, and is suitable for scenes with higher requirements on real-time performance and data processing.
Specifically, the industrial personal computer or the single-board computer has stronger computing and storage capacity, and can meet the requirement of complex task management.
And the scene simulation system generates target position information and ballistic simulated projectile launching point position information and communicates with the jammer, the target simulator and the task management module.
In this embodiment, the scene simulation system is implemented by computer software, and combines a mathematical model and a simulation algorithm to generate a position and a motion track of a target, and generate position information of a ballistic simulated projectile launching point, and at the same time, communicate with an jammer, a target simulator and a task management module. The scene simulation system can generate position and speed information of a target in real time, generate position information of a launching point of a ballistic simulated projectile, and transmit the information to the task management module and the medium-frequency signal interaction module so as to realize simulation and test of the radar system.
Specifically, the scene simulation system realized by adopting the computer software has the advantages of high flexibility, high simulation precision, strong real-time performance and the like, and can provide reliable technical support and experimental platform for simulation experiments of the radar system.
In other embodiments, hardware-in-the-loop simulation systems are also contemplated in addition to computer software implementations. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation system can combine part of real hardware with simulation equipment to realize a more real simulation environment.
Specifically, the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system can provide a more real simulation environment, and is beneficial to more accurately evaluating the actual performance of the radar system.
The front-end antenna, the servo and the adoption of the whole system are realized through the simulation of the task management module. The radar and the target simulator only use intermediate frequency signals for interaction, and the radar and the jammer interact through radio frequency signal line feed. The main reasons for this are as follows:
1. the jammer is a physical product which can only receive and transmit radio frequency signals, but if a real radar antenna is used for signal radiation, the coverage range of the jammer ranges from 3 GHz to 18GHz, and the seeker is required to be provided with a large number of antennas with different sizes according to different polarization directions of the simulation object. In addition, the real signal is used for testing, meanwhile, external radiation power is required, a special antenna far-field shielding test darkroom is required to be provided, and a large amount of resources are inevitably consumed, and the use is complex.
2. In the case of radar, the radar transmitted signal is initially generated at an intermediate frequency, the received signal is also converted to an intermediate frequency for processing, and the radio frequency part is merely a means of modulating the radiation by the signal and does not affect radar signal processing.
Therefore, on the whole system design, the antenna and the servo are realized by using data simulation, the servo is controlled by the task management component according to the radar, the current angle is sent to the target simulator in real time, and the antenna data is sent to the target simulator in the form of a pattern file by the scene simulation system.
Therefore, the invention designs the radar into a mode of outputting through up-conversion and directly inputting the intermediate frequency, the transmitting baseband intermediate frequency signal is generated by the radar waveform generating module, the radio frequency signal output with the designated frequency is generated by the up-conversion module with controllable local oscillation, the radio frequency output is directly connected to the radio frequency receiving interface of the jammer through the radio frequency cable, the jammer inputs the target interference signal generated according to the input radio frequency signal into the radar down-conversion module, and the down-conversion module changes the interference signal into the intermediate frequency and then inputs the interference signal into the target simulator. And simultaneously, a baseband signal generated by the digital waveform is output to a target simulator. And finally, synthesizing a target echo signal doped with an interference signal by using the simulator, outputting intermediate frequency signals with corresponding amplitude and phase to radar intermediate frequency input according to the current servo angle, the relative position relation of a target radar and an antenna pattern, and performing signal processing by using the radar.
Meanwhile, the radar signal processing and task management module opens all parameters in design, the radar working frequency point, the system, the servo mechanism parameters, the signal processing parameters and the like can be modified only through software configuration, and a user can simulate a radar of a certain model only through configuration of the radar parameters.
When the device is used, the scene simulation transmits the target position information to the jammer and the target simulator, transmits the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulation bullet to the task management, and simultaneously transmits the radar parameter configuration file to the radar. After the radar is started, the simulation flight is carried out according to the built-in simulation trajectory, and meanwhile, the current position is output to the scene simulation system in real time. After the radar is started, the current working state of the radar is output in real time, target data, A/B/P display data and the like are searched and captured, and after a target is correctly captured, the change of simulated trajectory data is controlled according to parameters such as radar guidance rate and the like, so that the radar turns to the target to fly and gradually approaches the target. The real-time display state can reflect the interference applying time and the interference action effect, and is used for users to reference and serve as the basis for users to adjust interference strategies and train operators.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
The flexibility is high: advanced technologies such as phased array antennas, closed loop servo systems and DSP intermediate frequency signal processing are adopted, so that the semi-physical radar test system has flexible directivity and signal processing capability, and can adapt to the requirements of different targets and interference scenes.
The reality is strong: the target position and the motion trail are generated in real time through the scene simulation system, and a more real environment is provided for the experiment of the radar system by combining the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system, so that the system performance can be evaluated more accurately.
The anti-interference capability is strong: the radio frequency signal interaction module adopts a radio frequency signal generator and a radio frequency switch to realize real-time interference application and control of the radar system, and can effectively evaluate the anti-interference performance of the radar system.
The experimental platform is reliable: the task management module is realized by adopting an embedded system, has the advantages of high response speed, strong instantaneity, high flexibility and the like, can effectively control the movement and positioning of the radar system, and improves the experimental efficiency and reliability of the radar system.
As an embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a display for displaying the operating state of the radar and the target capturing situation.
Specifically, the display is added as a part of the system to provide real-time feedback and visual display, so that the operator can observe and analyze the working state and the target capturing condition of the radar system. The display can display the information of the working parameters, target detection results, simulation scenes and the like of the radar system, so that a user can know the running condition of the system in time, and necessary adjustment and analysis can be performed.
The display can display information such as target positions, radar scanning ranges and the like in a simulation scene in real time through connection with the task management module and the scene simulation system, so that an operator can intuitively observe the working state of the radar system. This helps in finding the problem in time and adjust, improves efficiency and reliability of experiment.
As an embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a user interface for adjusting radar parameters and observing real-time feedback information.
Specifically, adding a user interface as part of the system can provide a direct interactive interface for operators, so that the operators can conveniently adjust radar parameters and observe real-time feedback information. The user interface may be designed as a graphical interface or a command line interface, through which an operator may do the following:
adjusting radar parameters: parameters such as the scanning range, the scanning speed, the signal-to-noise ratio threshold value and the like of the radar are changed so as to flexibly adjust according to different experimental requirements.
And (3) observing real-time feedback information: the system comprises real-time information such as the working state of the radar system, the target capturing condition, the simulation scene and the like, and is beneficial to operators to know the running condition of the system in real time, discover problems in time and adjust.
And (3) performing experimental control: through the user interface, an operator can start, stop, restart and other operations on the radar system, so that the experimental process is flexibly controlled.
The design of the user interface should consider the use habit and the operation convenience of operators, ensure friendly and visual interface and simple and convenient operation, so as to improve the usability and practicability of the system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A semi-physical radar test system, comprising:
The front-end antenna is used for receiving radar signals;
The servo mechanism is used for controlling the rotation of the front-end antenna;
the intermediate frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the target simulator and simulates the position and the movement track of the target;
The radio frequency signal interaction module is communicated with the jammer to realize the application of the jammer;
the task management module controls the movement of the front-end antenna and the servo mechanism and receives the position information of the launching point of the ballistic simulated projectile;
And the scene simulation system generates target position information and ballistic simulated projectile launching point position information and communicates with the jammer, the target simulator and the task management module.
2. A semi-physical radar test system according to claim 1, wherein said front-end antenna is in the form of a phased array.
3. A semi-physical radar test system according to claim 1, wherein said servo mechanism employs a combination of a motor and a controller for controlling rotation and positioning of the front-end antenna.
4. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 1, wherein the intermediate frequency signal interaction module is implemented by a digital signal processor and is configured to communicate with a target simulator to update the position information of the target in real time.
5. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency signal interaction module comprises a radio frequency signal generator and a radio frequency switch, and is used for communicating with an jammer to realize the application of interference signals.
6. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 1, wherein the task management module is implemented by an embedded system, controls movement of the front-end antenna and the servo mechanism, and receives ballistic simulated projectile launching point location information.
7. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 1, wherein the scene simulation system is implemented by computer software, and combines a mathematical model and a simulation algorithm to generate a position and a motion track of a target and generate position information of a ballistic simulated projectile launching point.
8. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 1, further comprising a display for displaying the radar operating status and target capture conditions.
9. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 1, further comprising a user interface for adjusting radar parameters and observing real-time feedback information.
10. The semi-physical radar test system of claim 7, wherein the scene simulation system issues target location information to the jammer and the target simulator, issues ballistic simulated projectile launching point location information to the task management module, and issues radar parameter configuration files to the radar.
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