CN117929434A - Method, device and system for determining content of propping agent for fracturing - Google Patents
Method, device and system for determining content of propping agent for fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/2202—Preparing specimens therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device and a system for determining the content of a propping agent for fracturing, which belong to the technical field of mineral identification, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the quartz component of the proppant; determining a plurality of initial screening conditions; mixing propping agents and core matrixes according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples; determining proppant content errors under each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples; determining a final screening condition from a plurality of initial screening conditions according to proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component; and identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions, and determining the content of the proppants in the fracture surface sample. The method provided by the invention can accurately and rapidly obtain the content of the propping agent for fracturing in the stratum, is beneficial to evaluating the fracturing transformation effect, and improves the recovery ratio of an oil gas well and the economic benefit of an oil field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral identification, in particular to a method for determining the content of propping agent for fracturing, a device for determining the content of propping agent for fracturing and a system for determining the content of propping agent for fracturing.
Background
Along with the increasing of unbalance of international petroleum supply and demand, the proportion of the exploration low-permeability oil and gas reservoir is continuously increased, and the fracturing construction technology serving as a main technical means of old well reconstruction and low-permeability oil and gas reservoir development is increasingly widely applied, particularly under the condition of large oil and gas resource distribution of the low-permeability oil and gas reservoir in China, the oil and gas recovery ratio is effectively improved by carrying out fracturing reconstruction on the low-permeability oil reservoir and the low-yield well, and the increase of the yield and the income of the oil and gas well are promoted. The propping agent is a necessary material for all hydraulic fracturing reformation and partial acid fracturing reformation. Aiming at different types of core matrixes, after fracturing is carried out, the analysis of the content of propping agent (namely the propping agent content of a fracture surface sample) for fracturing entering the core matrixes has important significance for evaluating the fracturing transformation effect, optimizing the fracturing design and improving the recovery ratio of an oil gas well and the economic benefit of an oil field. Quartz sand is cheap and easy to obtain, and is currently the most commonly used propping agent.
Traditional methods of mineral identification include hand-held specimen observation and microscopic observation. In the hand-held specimens, the type of the minerals is judged by the characteristics of the minerals such as color, crystal form, luster, streak, transparency, luminescence, specific gravity, hardness, cleavage and even magnetism, but the method can only distinguish the minerals with larger crystallization and more obvious characteristics in many cases, and the resolution of fine mineral particles is difficult; placing a rock sample under a microscope, observing the light type characteristics of polarized light, orthogonal polarized light or reflective mirror, and analyzing the mineral composition of the rock, but the identification under the microscope needs to consume a great deal of labor cost, and the accuracy of the identification under the microscope is often influenced by experience and professional limitations of observers.
In the technique of an X-ray diffractometer, when a substance (crystal or amorphous) is subjected to diffraction analysis, the substance is irradiated by X-rays to generate diffraction phenomena of different degrees, the composition of the substance, the crystal form, the intramolecular bonding mode, the configuration and conformation of the molecule and the like determine that the substance generates a special diffraction pattern, and the diffraction pattern is analyzed to obtain element information, mineral components and the like of the sample. However, the sample is required to be ground into particles of 40 μm during sample preparation, the original shape of the sample is destroyed, and the proppant particles cannot be accurately identified. And the proppant content cannot be accurately determined. Thus, in order to solve the placement of proppants in a fracture, there is an urgent need for a method that can quickly and accurately identify the proppants and determine the proppant content in the fracture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that propping agents in cracks cannot be identified rapidly and accurately and the content of the propping agents in the cracks can not be determined in the prior art, the invention provides a propping agent content determining method for fracturing, a propping agent content determining device for fracturing and a propping agent content determining system for fracturing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for determining the content of the propping agent for fracturing provided by the invention comprises the following steps: determining the quartz component of the proppant; determining a plurality of initial screening conditions; mixing propping agents and core matrixes according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples; determining proppant content errors under each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples; determining a final screening condition from a plurality of initial screening conditions according to proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component; and identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions, and determining the content of the proppants in the fracture surface sample.
Further, the determining the quartz component in the proppant comprises:
The quartz component of the proppants was determined by comparing the individual components of the proppants with the components of the core matrix of different formations.
Further, the determining proppant content error for each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples comprises:
determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample under each initial screening condition;
the average of the proppant content errors for the multiple sets of mixed samples was determined as the proppant content error for this initial screening condition.
Further, the determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample under each initial screening condition comprises:
Under each initial screening condition, calculating the detection proppant content of the mixed sample;
And determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample according to the difference value between the actual proppant content of the mixed sample and the detected proppant content of the mixed sample.
Further, the determining a final screening condition from the plurality of initial screening conditions according to the proppant content error corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions includes:
determining a minimum proppant content error from the proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions;
And determining an initial screening condition corresponding to the minimum proppant content error as the final screening condition.
Further, the identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample using the final screening conditions comprises:
screening quartz particles of the fracture surface sample from a plurality of particles of the fracture surface sample according to the final screening conditions;
screening out quartz particles of the core matrix from a plurality of particles of the core matrix according to the final screening conditions;
and determining the propping agent quartz particles according to the fracture surface sample quartz particles and the core matrix quartz particles.
Further, the determining the content of the propping agent in the fracture surface sample comprises the following steps:
determining the content of quartz particles of a fracture surface sample in the fracture surface sample;
Determining the content of quartz particles in a core matrix;
and determining the content of the propping agent in the fracture surface sample according to the content of the quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, the content of the quartz particles in the core matrix and the content of the quartz particles in the propping agent.
Further, the proppant content in the fracture surface sample was determined by:
Pz＝(Ps-Pd)/Py
Wherein, P z is the content of propping agent in the fracture surface sample, P s is the content of quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, P d is the content of quartz particles in the core matrix, and P y is the content of quartz particles in the propping agent.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a proppant content determining apparatus for fracturing, comprising: a determination module for determining a quartz component in the proppant; determining a plurality of initial screening conditions; the mixed sample preparation module is used for mixing the propping agent and the core matrix according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples; the error determining module is used for determining the proppant content error under each initial screening condition by utilizing the multiple groups of mixed samples; the screening module is used for determining a final screening condition from the initial screening conditions according to the proppant content errors corresponding to the initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component;
And the propping agent determining module is used for identifying propping agents in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions and determining the content of the propping agents in the fracture surface sample.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a proppant content determination system for fracturing comprising the proppant content determination device for fracturing described above.
Through the technical scheme provided by the invention, the invention has at least the following technical effects:
According to the method for determining the content of the propping agent for fracturing, firstly, the quartz component in the propping agent is determined, and the propping agent in a fracture surface sample is identified and the content of the propping agent is determined by utilizing the quartz component. And determining a plurality of initial screening conditions, and mixing the propping agent and the core matrix according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples. And determining the proppant content error under each initial screening condition by utilizing the multiple groups of mixed samples, determining a final screening condition from the multiple initial screening conditions according to the proppant content error, identifying the propping agent in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening condition, and determining the content of the propping agent in the fracture surface sample. According to the method for determining the content of the propping agent for fracturing, the content of the propping agent for fracturing in the stratum can be accurately and rapidly obtained, the fracturing transformation effect can be evaluated, and the recovery ratio of an oil gas well and the economic benefit of an oil field can be improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a mineral diagram of a core matrix in the proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a mineral plot of proppant in the proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an X-ray spectrum of a quartz component in a method for determining the content of a proppant for fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an X-ray spectrum of another quartz component in the method for determining the content of the propping agent for fracturing provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an X-ray spectrum of another quartz component in the proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an X-ray spectrum of another quartz component in the proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is an X-ray spectrum of another quartz component in the proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a mineral plot of a set of mixed samples in a proppant content determination method for fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of quartz particles screened from a fracture surface sample in a proppant content determination method for fracturing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a proppant content determination device for fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the detailed implementation of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" are used generally with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings or with respect to the positional relationship of the various components with respect to one another in the vertical, vertical or gravitational directions.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the content of a propping agent for fracturing, which includes the following steps: s101: determining the quartz component of the proppant; s102: determining a plurality of initial screening conditions; s103: mixing propping agents and core matrixes according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples; s104: determining proppant content errors under each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples; s105: determining a final screening condition from a plurality of initial screening conditions according to proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component; s106: and identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions, and determining the content of the proppants in the fracture surface sample.
Step S101 is first performed: the quartz component in the proppant is determined.
Further, the determining the quartz component in the proppant comprises: the quartz component of the proppants was determined by comparing the individual components of the proppants with the components of the core matrix of different formations.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the application, the propping agent consists of a plurality of particles, and the main component of the propping agent is quartz, namely most of the particles of the propping agent are quartz particles, and single quartz particles consist of a large amount of quartz components and a small amount of other components, wherein the quartz components are divided into a plurality of types, and at least comprise SY1, SY 2. The core matrix also contains a trace amount of quartz, and if only quartz is used for identifying the propping agent in the fracture surface sample, the quartz in the core matrix can be counted, and the detection result is larger than the actual value. Therefore, in order to distinguish the propping agent from the quartz in the core matrix, firstly preparing a propping agent sample and a core matrix sample without the propping agent in different stratum, carrying out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on the propping agent sample and the core matrix sample without the propping agent in different stratum, respectively determining the components of the propping agent and the core matrix in different stratum, comparing the components of the propping agent with the components of the core matrix, finding that the quartz components included in the propping agent are SY1, SY4 and SY5, and the quartz components in the core matrix are SY1, SY2, SY3, SY4 and SY5, thus taking SY1, SY4 and SY5 as the quartz components in the propping agent, and screening quartz particles in the propping agent by using the SY1, SY4 and SY5 components.
Step 102 is then performed: a plurality of initial screening conditions are determined.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of initial screening conditions are determined, and reference is made to table 1 for the initial screening conditions.
Step 103 is then performed: and mixing the propping agent and the core matrix according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples.
Step 104 is then performed: the proppant content error for each initial screening condition was determined using the plurality of sets of mixed samples.
Further, the determining proppant content error for each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples comprises: determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample under each initial screening condition; the average of the proppant content errors for the multiple sets of mixed samples was determined as the proppant content error for this initial screening condition.
Further, the determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample under each initial screening condition comprises: under each initial screening condition, calculating the detection proppant content of the mixed sample; and determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample according to the difference value between the actual proppant content of the mixed sample and the detected proppant content of the mixed sample.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, proppants and core matrixes of the same stratum are mixed according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples. And under each initial condition, carrying out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on all the mixed samples to determine the content of the detection propping agent in the mixed samples, making a difference between the content of the detection propping agent of the mixed samples and the actual propping agent content of the group of mixed samples (namely the content of propping agent in the mixed samples), and determining the content error of propping agent of the group of mixed samples. And averaging the proppant content errors of the multiple groups of mixed samples to obtain the proppant content errors under the initial conditions.
In the embodiment of the invention, an automatic mineral identification system is adopted to carry out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on the sample, so as to determine the content of the components. The automatic mineral identification system has various application scenes and can be applied to complex environments such as laboratories, drilling sites, core libraries and the like. The sample source is wide, and the nondestructive test analysis can be carried out on various rock samples such as rock cores, rock fragments, slices and the like. The automatic mineral identification system provides a powerful, reliable and diverse mineral database containing more than 2000 kinds of common silicate, carbonate and clay minerals, and develops a patent algorithm for map comparison to calculate the component content instead of an element method. A scanning electron microscope is controlled by technical software of an automatic mineral identification system, a frame of BSE image (mineral image) is collected, and then image processing such as mineral particle extraction, particle gray scale division and the like is carried out to determine the analysis position of an X-ray energy spectrum point (such as a square point in the mineral image in FIG. 2); and then controlling an X-ray energy spectrometer to automatically acquire X-ray spectrum information of the analysis position of the X-ray energy spectrum point, and determining components of the analysis position of the X-ray energy spectrum point according to the X-ray spectrum information. After the X-ray collection of all the analysis positions of the X-ray energy spectrum points in one frame is completed, the content of each component can be calculated by using an own algorithm.
Other detection means can be used by those skilled in the art to detect the components and contents of the sample, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
Step 105 is then performed: and determining a final screening condition from the plurality of initial screening conditions according to proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component.
Further, the determining a final screening condition from the plurality of initial screening conditions according to the proppant content error corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions includes: determining a minimum proppant content error from the proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions; and determining an initial screening condition corresponding to the minimum proppant content error as the final screening condition.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the minimum proppant content error is determined from the proppant content errors corresponding to the initial screening conditions, and the initial screening conditions corresponding to the minimum proppant content error are determined as the final screening conditions.
Finally, step 106 is executed: and identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions, and determining the content of the proppants in the fracture surface sample.
Further, the identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample using the final screening conditions comprises: screening quartz particles of the fracture surface sample from a plurality of particles of the fracture surface sample according to the final screening conditions; screening out quartz particles of the core matrix from a plurality of particles of the core matrix according to the final screening conditions; and determining the propping agent quartz particles according to the fracture surface sample quartz particles and the core matrix quartz particles.
Further, the determining the content of the propping agent in the fracture surface sample comprises the following steps: determining the content of quartz particles of a fracture surface sample in the fracture surface sample; determining the content of quartz particles in a core matrix; and determining the content of the propping agent in the fracture surface sample according to the content of the quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, the content of the quartz particles in the core matrix and the content of the quartz particles in the propping agent.
Further, the proppant content in the fracture surface sample was determined by:
Pz＝(Ps-Pd)/Py
Wherein, P z is the content of propping agent in the fracture surface sample, P s is the content of quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, P d is the content of quartz particles in the core matrix, and P y is the content of quartz particles in the propping agent.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the particles of the crack surface sample are screened by utilizing the final screening condition, and if the particles meet the final screening condition, the particles are judged to be quartz particles of the crack surface sample. And then determining the content P s of quartz particles of the fracture surface sample in the fracture surface sample. The core matrix also contains a trace amount of quartz particles, in order to avoid errors, the core matrix is screened by utilizing the final screening conditions, if the particles accord with the final screening conditions, the particles are judged to be the quartz particles of the core matrix, and then the content of the quartz particles of the core matrix in the core matrix is determined. And subtracting the core matrix quartz particles from the crack surface sample quartz particles to obtain propping agent quartz particles, and determining the content of propping agent quartz particles in the crack surface sample, namely P s-Pd. When determining the content of the quartz particles of the core matrix in the core matrix, selecting samples of the core matrix of different strata, detecting the content of the quartz particles in a plurality of samples, and taking an average value to obtain the content of the quartz particles of the core matrix.
The proppant content in the fracture face sample was determined by:
Pz＝(Ps-Pd)/Py
Wherein, P z is the content of propping agent in the fracture surface sample, P s is the content of quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, P d is the content of quartz particles in the core matrix, and P y is the content of quartz particles in the propping agent.
The method provided by the invention can accurately and rapidly obtain the content of the propping agent for fracturing in the stratum, is beneficial to evaluating the fracturing transformation effect, and improves the recovery ratio of an oil gas well and the economic benefit of an oil field.
Example 1
Firstly, preparing a propping agent sample, a core matrix sample and a fracture surface sample. The sample preparation steps include: (1) sample pretreatment: and (3) screening the sample, removing impurities, cleaning and drying to obtain a pretreated sample with the particle size of 0.1-0.8 mm. And during cleaning, water or absolute ethyl alcohol is adopted for cleaning, so that attachments and drilling fluid on the surfaces of sample particles are thoroughly removed. (2) sample preparation: taking a pretreated sample, putting the pretreated sample into a mold, and adding a mass-volume ratio g/ml of 1:1.1, fully stirring and eliminating bubbles after a sample resin liquid consisting of metallographic powder and metallographic liquid, and standing and solidifying to obtain a crude sample; and (3) polishing the coarse sample, cleaning and drying, and conducting carbon electroplating treatment to obtain a sample.
And carrying out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on 5 groups of proppant samples and 10 groups of core matrix samples with different depths to obtain a mineral map and an X-ray spectrogram. In this example, the proppants are quartz particles with a particle size of 20 mesh to 40 mesh. Fig. 2 is a mineral diagram of a group of core matrixes, fig. 2a is a black-and-white diagram, and fig. 2b is a color diagram, wherein the particles of the core matrixes contain quartz components, but the particles also contain more impurities; fig. 3 is a mineral diagram of a group of propping agents, fig. 3a is a black-and-white diagram, and fig. 3b is a color diagram, wherein the proportion of quartz particles in the propping agents is 80%, the purity of quartz in the mineral particles is higher, the particle size distribution of the particles is concentrated, and the quartz particles further contain 20% of feldspar particles. There are 8 kinds of quartz X-ray spectra in the mineral library, please refer to FIGS. 4-8, which are X-ray spectra of SY1, SY2, SY3, SY4, SY5, respectively. The types of X-ray spectrograms in the propping agent are SY1, SY4 and SY5, and the types of X-ray spectrograms in the stratum are quartz SY1, SY2, SY3, SY4 and SY5. It follows that the quartz particles can be identified by SY1, SY4, SY5 and the quartz purity can be used to distinguish between the quartz particles in the core matrix and the proppants.
In this embodiment, a plurality of initial screening conditions are determined, and reference is made to table 1 for specific initial screening conditions.
And mixing the propping agent with the core matrix of the same stratum according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples. And under each initial condition, carrying out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on all the mixed samples to determine the content of the detection propping agent in the mixed samples, making a difference between the content of the detection propping agent of the mixed samples and the actual propping agent content of the group of mixed samples (namely the content of propping agent in the mixed samples), and determining the content error of the propping agent of the group of mixed samples. The proppant content errors for the multiple sets of mixed samples were averaged to give the proppant content errors for this initial condition shown in table 1. It can also be derived from table 1 that the proppant is screened using only the quartz component, the error is large, and the proppant screening accuracy is high using SY1, SY4, SY 5. Fig. 9 is a mineral plot of a 10% proppant +90% core matrix mixed sample from multiple sets of mixed samples, fig. 9a is a black and white plot, and fig. 9b is a color plot.
TABLE 1
And determining that the minimum proppant content error is 5.9% from the proppant content errors corresponding to the initial screening conditions, and determining that the initial screening conditions SY1+SY4+SY5 which are corresponding to the minimum proppant content error of 5.9% are more than or equal to 95% as the final screening conditions.
And then carrying out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on the crack surface sample, screening a plurality of particles of the crack surface sample by utilizing the final screening condition, and judging the particles as quartz particles of the crack surface sample if the particles meet the final screening condition. Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a mineral diagram of a crack surface sample, fig. 10a is a black-and-white diagram, fig. 10b is a color diagram, and the blue framed particles in fig. 10b are quartz particles (only one of the quartz particles is schematically selected by a white dotted line in fig. 10a, 10 b). And then determining that the content P s of quartz particles of the fracture surface sample in the fracture surface sample is 34.2% through electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis.
And (3) carrying out electron microscope scanning analysis and energy spectrum quantitative analysis on the split core matrix, screening the core matrix by utilizing a final screening condition, judging the particles to be core matrix quartz particles if the particles accord with the final screening condition, and then determining the content P d of the core matrix quartz particles in the core matrix. When determining the content P d of the quartz particles of the core matrix in the core matrix, selecting samples of the core matrix of different strata, detecting to obtain the content of the quartz particles in a plurality of samples shown in Table 2, and averaging to obtain the content P d of the quartz particles of the core matrix.
TABLE 2
And subtracting the core matrix quartz particles from the crack surface sample quartz particles to obtain propping agent quartz particles, and determining the content of the propping agent quartz particles in the crack surface sample, namely 34.2% -1%.
The content P y of quartz particles in the proppant was 80%, and thus, the content P z = (34.2% -1%)/80% = 40.25% of the proppant in the fracture surface sample was obtained.
Referring to fig. 11, a second aspect of the present invention provides a proppant content determining apparatus for fracturing, the proppant content determining apparatus for fracturing comprising: a determination module for determining a quartz component in the proppant; determining a plurality of initial screening conditions; the mixed sample preparation module is used for mixing the propping agent and the core matrix according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples; the error determining module is used for determining the proppant content error under each initial screening condition by utilizing the multiple groups of mixed samples; the screening module is used for determining a final screening condition from the initial screening conditions according to the proppant content errors corresponding to the initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component; and the propping agent determining module is used for identifying propping agents in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions and determining the content of the propping agents in the fracture surface sample.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a proppant content determination system for fracturing comprising the proppant content determination device for fracturing described above.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the content of the propping agent for fracturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Determining the quartz component of the proppant;
Determining a plurality of initial screening conditions;
mixing propping agents and core matrixes according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples;
Determining proppant content errors under each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples;
determining a final screening condition from a plurality of initial screening conditions according to proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component;
and identifying proppants in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions, and determining the content of the proppants in the fracture surface sample.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the quartz component of the proppant comprises:
The quartz component of the proppants was determined by comparing the individual components of the proppants with the components of the core matrix of different formations.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining proppant content errors for each initial screening condition using the plurality of sets of mixed samples comprises:
determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample under each initial screening condition;
the average of the proppant content errors for the multiple sets of mixed samples was determined as the proppant content error for this initial screening condition.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample at each initial screening condition comprises:
Under each initial screening condition, calculating the detection proppant content of the mixed sample;
And determining the proppant content error of the mixed sample according to the difference value between the actual proppant content of the mixed sample and the detected proppant content of the mixed sample.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a final screening condition from a plurality of initial screening conditions based on proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions comprises:
determining a minimum proppant content error from the proppant content errors corresponding to the plurality of initial screening conditions;
And determining an initial screening condition corresponding to the minimum proppant content error as the final screening condition.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying proppants in a fracture face sample using the final screening conditions comprises:
screening quartz particles of the fracture surface sample from a plurality of particles of the fracture surface sample according to the final screening conditions;
screening out quartz particles of the core matrix from a plurality of particles of the core matrix according to the final screening conditions;
and determining the propping agent quartz particles according to the fracture surface sample quartz particles and the core matrix quartz particles.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining the proppant content in the fracture surface sample comprises:
determining the content of quartz particles of a fracture surface sample in the fracture surface sample;
Determining the content of quartz particles in a core matrix;
and determining the content of the propping agent in the fracture surface sample according to the content of the quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, the content of the quartz particles in the core matrix and the content of the quartz particles in the propping agent.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the proppant content in the fracture surface sample is determined by:
Pz＝(Ps-Pd)/Py
Wherein, P z is the content of propping agent in the fracture surface sample, P s is the content of quartz particles in the fracture surface sample, P d is the content of quartz particles in the core matrix, and P y is the content of quartz particles in the propping agent.
9. A proppant content determination device for fracturing, characterized in that the proppant content determination device for fracturing comprises:
A determination module for determining a quartz component in the proppant; determining a plurality of initial screening conditions;
the mixed sample preparation module is used for mixing the propping agent and the core matrix according to different proportions to obtain a plurality of groups of mixed samples;
The error determining module is used for determining the proppant content error under each initial screening condition by utilizing the multiple groups of mixed samples;
The screening module is used for determining a final screening condition from the initial screening conditions according to the proppant content errors corresponding to the initial screening conditions, wherein the final screening condition comprises the content of the quartz component;
And the propping agent determining module is used for identifying propping agents in the fracture surface sample by utilizing the final screening conditions and determining the content of the propping agents in the fracture surface sample.
10. A proppant content determination system for fracturing comprising the proppant content determination device for fracturing of claim 9.
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| CN202211310867.8A CN117929434A (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Method, device and system for determining content of propping agent for fracturing |
| PCT/CN2023/126530 WO2024088308A1 (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2023-10-25 | Method, device and system for determining content of proppant for fracturing |
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| AU2003209022A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-09-06 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Determination of amount of proppant added to a fracture fluid using a coriolis flow meter |
| CN105204081B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-08-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method predicting shale gas Clay Mineral and constituent content thereof |
| CN104963677B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2019-03-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A method of it is detected using proppant and determines fracturing fracture height |
| WO2018148400A1 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-16 | Gas Technology Institute | Detection and quantification of proppant for optimized fracture treatment design in in-fill and new wells |
| US10677707B2 (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2020-06-09 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Evaluating stress-dependent permeability in unsteady-state conditions and/or quality of microproppant placement in subterranean formations |
| CN110805434B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2023-04-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Complex stratum lithology identification method and system |
| CN113283197B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-04-05 | 西南石油大学 | Sand feeding parameter design method based on complex fracture width distribution |
| CN113642273B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-08-23 | 西南石油大学 | Method for predicting long-term flow conductivity of supporting fracture |
| CN114577833B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-29 | 克拉玛依禾鑫石油科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly and quantitatively analyzing clay minerals in glutenite detritus matrix and application |
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