CN117927620A - Wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio - Google Patents
Wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN117927620A CN117927620A CN202410313959.4A CN202410313959A CN117927620A CN 117927620 A CN117927620 A CN 117927620A CN 202410313959 A CN202410313959 A CN 202410313959A CN 117927620 A CN117927620 A CN 117927620A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with a variable transmission ratio, which comprises a shell, a first clutch, a second clutch, a speed reducer and a transmission shaft, wherein the first clutch, the second clutch, the speed reducer and the transmission shaft are arranged in the shell; the second clutch is arranged between the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft and used for locking or unlocking between the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft. The transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is variable by arranging the first clutch and the second clutch so as to meet the requirements of different speeds and different traction forces of the vehicle and increase the adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with a variable transmission ratio.
Background
The existing fixed hub reduction gear can not adjust the transmission ratio, and can not meet the requirements of heavy truck, loader, tractor and other running equipment for mines and larger speed and traction force variation range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the transmission ratio of a wheel-side speed reducer in the prior art is not adjustable, and provides a wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device with a variable transmission ratio.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
a wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio comprises a shell, a first clutch, a second clutch, a speed reducer and a transmission shaft which are arranged in the shell,
The speed reducer comprises a central wheel, a plurality of planet wheels, a planet carrier and a speed reducer shell, wherein the central wheel shaft is connected with the transmission shaft, a gear ring is arranged in the speed reducer shell, the planet wheels are arranged between the central wheel and the speed reducer shell through the planet carrier and are respectively meshed with the outer part of the central wheel and the inner part of the gear ring,
The first clutch is arranged between the shell and the speed reducer shell and used for locking or unlocking between the shell and the speed reducer shell;
The second clutch is installed between the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft and used for locking or unlocking between the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft.
In the scheme, the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device adjusts the transmission ratio between the input end (transmission shaft) and the output end (planet carrier) by arranging the first clutch to lock or unlock the shell and the speed reducer shell and arranging the second clutch to lock or unlock the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft so as to meet the requirements of different speeds and different traction forces of a vehicle and increase the adaptability.
When the first clutch and the second clutch are in a locking state, the transmission shaft, the speed reducer shell and the shell are mutually locked, and the wheel planetary speed reduction driving device is in a braking state.
When the first clutch is in a locking state and the second clutch is in an unlocking state, the speed reducer shell and the shell are locked, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are unlocked, the transmission shaft rotates to drive the central wheel of the speed reducer to rotate, the central wheel drives the planet wheel to rotate, the planet wheel drives the planet carrier to decelerate and output, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is the transmission ratio (tooth number of the gear ring/tooth number of the central wheel+1) of the speed reducer.
When the first clutch is in an unlocking state and the second clutch is in a locking state, the speed reducer shell and the shell are unlocked, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are locked, at the moment, the center wheel, the planet wheel and the speed reducer shell of the speed reducer are mutually locked, the transmission shaft rotates to drive the speed reducer shell to rotate together, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device is 1.
When the first clutch and the second clutch are in the unlocking state, the transmission shaft, the speed reducer shell and the shell are in the unlocking state, the speed reducer does not output the rotating speed, and the transmission shaft idles.
Preferably, the first clutch includes:
The first dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected with the speed reducer shell, and the first static friction plates are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell;
The first piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding manner and used for compressing or releasing acting force applied to the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate, a first oil cylinder is formed between the first piston and the shell, and the first oil cylinder is communicated with an oil pump through a pipeline;
The elastic element is arranged between the shell and the first piston and applies a acting force for enabling the first piston to compress the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate;
the second clutch includes:
The second dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, and the second static friction plates are connected to the inner wall surface of the speed reducer shell;
When the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, the first piston slides towards the direction away from the first dynamic friction plate, the elastic element is extruded, acting force on the first dynamic friction plate and acting force on the first static friction plate are released, and meanwhile, the first piston drives the transmission shaft to move, so that the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate are mutually pressed.
In this embodiment, the initial state of the first clutch is the locked state, and the initial state of the second clutch is the unlocked state.
When the oil pump is not filling oil into the first oil cylinder, the pretightening force of the elastic element compresses the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate through the first piston, namely, the shell and the shell of the speed reducer are locked, the first clutch is in a locking state, and the second clutch is in an unlocking state, at the moment, the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device outputs through the transmission ratio (tooth number of the gear ring/tooth number of the central gear +1) of the speed reducer. When the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, the first piston moves to squeeze the elastic element and release acting force on the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate, so that unlocking is carried out between the speed reducer shell and the shell, namely the first clutch is unlocked, and meanwhile, the first piston drives the transmission shaft to move to mutually compress the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate, so that locking of the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft is realized, namely the second clutch is locked, and at the moment, the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device is 1.
Therefore, the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, so that the states of the first clutch and the second clutch can be changed, the transmission ratio can be adjusted, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Preferably, the wheel planetary reduction driving device further comprises a bearing, the first piston is sleeved and connected to the bearing, the bearing is sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft comprises a shaft body and a compressing piece, the compressing piece is sleeved and connected to the shaft body, the compressing piece is correspondingly arranged with the second dynamic friction plate or the second static friction plate, and the outer edge of the compressing piece is used for compressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate.
In the scheme, the first piston drives the bearing to move, the bearing drives the transmission shaft to move, and the transmission shaft drives the compressing piece to compress or release the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate. When the compressing piece moves along the direction close to the second movable friction plate, the second movable friction plate and the second static friction plate are compressed mutually; when the pressing piece moves in a direction away from the second dynamic friction plate, the pressing force applied to the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate is released.
Preferably, the first clutch includes:
The first dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected with the speed reducer shell, and the first static friction plates are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell;
the first piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding manner, and is used for mutually pressing the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the first dynamic friction plate, and is used for releasing acting force applied to the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction far away from the first dynamic friction plate;
An elastic element arranged between the shell and the first piston and used for applying a force for enabling the first piston to be far away from the first dynamic friction plate;
the second clutch includes:
The second dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, and the second static friction plates are connected to the inner wall surface of the speed reducer shell;
The second piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding way and used for compressing or releasing acting force applied to the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate, a first oil cylinder is formed among the first piston, the second piston and the shell and is communicated with an oil pump through a pipeline,
The clutch pull rod is penetrated and arranged in the speed reducer shell in a sliding way, one end of the clutch pull rod is connected with the second piston, and the other end of the clutch pull rod is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the second dynamic friction plate;
The elastic component is arranged between the speed reducer shell and the clutch pull rod, and applies an acting force for enabling the clutch pull rod to mutually press the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate;
When the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, the first piston slides along the direction close to the elastic element and extrudes the elastic element, the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate are compressed, and meanwhile, the second piston moves along the direction far away from the first piston and drives the clutch pull rod to extrude the elastic component, so that acting force of the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate is released.
In this embodiment, the initial state of the first clutch is the unlock state, and the initial state of the second clutch is the lock state.
When the oil is not injected into the first oil cylinder, the elastic element applies an acting force which enables the first piston to be far away from the first dynamic friction plate, and the first clutch is in an unlocking state, namely, the speed reducer shell and the shell are unlocked; meanwhile, the elastic force of the elastic component compresses the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate through the clutch pull rod, the second clutch is in a locking state, namely, the shell of the speed reducer is locked with the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft and the speed reducer rotate together, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is 1.
When the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, the first piston overcomes the elasticity of the elastic element, the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate are tightly pressed, the speed reducer shell and the shell are locked, meanwhile, the second piston drives the clutch pull rod to overcome the elasticity of the elastic element, the acting force applied to the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate is released, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are unlocked, and the transmission ratio is that of the speed reducer.
Preferably, one end of the clutch pull rod, which is close to the elastic component, is provided with a protruding pressing part, one side of the pressing part is used for being connected with the elastic component, and the other side of the pressing part is used for mutually pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate.
In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structure setting, the compressing tightly part of the separation and reunion pull rod of being convenient for compresses tightly elastic component when moving to one side, compresses tightly second dynamic friction piece and second static friction piece when moving to the opposite side.
Preferably, the hub planetary reduction driving device further comprises a sealing ring, wherein one sealing ring is arranged between the first piston and the shell, and one sealing ring is arranged between the second piston and the shell.
In this scheme, through setting up the sealing washer, prevent between first piston and the shell, leak fluid between second piston and the shell.
Preferably, the wheel side planetary reduction driving device further comprises a partition member, and the partition member is arranged between the first piston and the second piston.
In this scheme, the separator separates first piston and second piston to keep first hydro-cylinder between first piston and second piston, prevent that first piston and second piston from closing, and then eliminate first hydro-cylinder between the two, lead to unable oiling in the first hydro-cylinder in later stage.
Preferably, the first clutch is associated with the second clutch, and the second clutch is in an unlocked state when the first clutch is in a locked state; or when the first clutch is in an unlocked state, the second clutch is in a locked state.
In the scheme, the arrangement of the structure is adopted, so that the states of the first clutch and the second clutch are always opposite, the states of the first clutch and the second clutch are prevented from being identical, and no-load or braking of the wheel side planetary reduction driving device is avoided.
Preferably, the first clutch includes:
The first dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected with the speed reducer shell, and the first static friction plates are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell;
The first piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding way, a first oil cylinder is formed between the first piston and the shell and is communicated with a first oil pump through a pipeline, the first piston is used for mutually pressing the first movable friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the first movable friction plate, the first piston is used for releasing acting force applied to the first movable friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction far away from the first movable friction plate,
The elastic element is arranged between the shell and the first piston and applies a acting force for enabling the first piston to compress the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate;
the second clutch includes:
The second dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, and the second static friction plates are connected to the inner wall surface of the speed reducer shell;
The second piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding way and used for compressing or releasing acting force applied to the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate, a second oil cylinder is formed between the second piston and the shell and is communicated with a second oil pump through a pipeline,
The clutch pull rod is penetrated and arranged in the speed reducer shell in a sliding way, one end of the clutch pull rod is connected with the second piston, and the other end of the clutch pull rod is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the second dynamic friction plate;
the elastic component is arranged between the speed reducer shell and the clutch pull rod, and applies an acting force which enables the clutch pull rod to mutually press the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate.
In this scheme, the initial state of first clutch, second clutch is the locking state.
And in the state 1, when the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are not filled with oil, the first clutch and the second clutch are both in a locking state, the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is not output, and the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is in a braking state.
And 2, when the first oil cylinder is not filled with oil and the second oil cylinder is filled with oil, the first clutch is in a locking state, and the second clutch is switched from the locking state to an unlocking state. At this time, the speed reducer shell and the shell are locked, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are unlocked, the transmission shaft outputs through the speed reducer, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device is the transmission ratio of the speed reducer.
And 3, when the first oil cylinder is filled with oil and the second oil cylinder is not filled with oil, the first clutch is switched from the locking state to the unlocking state, and the second clutch is still kept in the locking state. At this time, the speed reducer shell and the shell are unlocked, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are locked, the transmission shaft drives the speed reducer to rotate together, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device is 1.
And 4, when the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder are both filled with oil, the first clutch is switched from the locking state to the unlocking state, the second clutch is switched from the locking state to the unlocking state, the whole speed reducer is in the neutral state, and the speed reducer does not output after the transmission shaft rotates.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The invention has the positive progress effects that: the hub planetary reduction driving device adjusts the transmission ratio between the input end (transmission shaft) and the output end (planet carrier) by arranging the first clutch to lock or unlock the shell and the speed reducer shell and arranging the second clutch to lock or unlock the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft so as to meet the requirements of different speeds and different traction forces of a vehicle and increase the adaptability.
When the first clutch and the second clutch are in a locking state, the transmission shaft, the speed reducer shell and the shell are mutually locked, and the wheel planetary speed reduction driving device is in a braking state.
When the first clutch is in a locking state and the second clutch is in an unlocking state, the speed reducer shell and the shell are locked, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are unlocked, the transmission shaft rotates to drive the central wheel of the speed reducer to rotate, the central wheel drives the planet wheel to rotate, the planet wheel drives the planet carrier to decelerate and output, and the transmission ratio (tooth number of the gear ring/tooth number of the central wheel +1) of the speed reducer is the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device.
When the first clutch is in an unlocking state and the second clutch is in a locking state, the speed reducer shell and the shell are unlocked, the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft are locked, at the moment, the center wheel, the planet wheel and the speed reducer shell of the speed reducer are mutually locked, and the transmission shaft rotates to drive the speed reducer shell to rotate together, and the transmission ratio is 1.
When the first clutch and the second clutch are in the unlocking state, the transmission shaft, the speed reducer shell and the shell are in the unlocking state, the speed reducer does not output the rotating speed, and the transmission shaft idles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structure of a variable transmission ratio wheel side planetary reduction driving device of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial structure of a variable transmission ratio wheel side planetary reduction driving device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a partial structure of a variable transmission ratio wheel side planetary reduction driving device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a partial structure of a variable transmission ratio wheel side planetary reduction driving device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
Shell 1
First clutch 2
A first dynamic friction plate 21, a first static friction plate 22, a first piston 23, an elastic element 24 and a first oil cylinder 25
Second clutch 3
A second dynamic friction plate 31, a second static friction plate 32, a second piston 33, a clutch pull rod 34, a pressing part 341, an elastic component 35 and a second oil cylinder 36
Speed reducer 4
Center wheel 41
Planet wheel 42
Planet carrier 43
Speed reducer housing 44
Transmission shaft 5
Shaft body 51
Compression member 52
Bearing 8
Sealing ring 9
Separator 10
Detailed Description
The invention will now be more fully described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not thereby limited to the scope of the examples described.
In all wheel-side planetary reduction driving devices, hydraulic or motor driving is usually adopted, and the hydraulic or motor driving has a self-braking function during operation, but for safety reasons, all vehicle operation standards prescribe that the wheel side of the vehicle must be additionally provided with a working brake for emergency safety braking when the hydraulic or motor transmission fails so as to ensure the reliability of equipment operation. Because the inertia force is large during emergency braking, the braking torque arranged at the final transmission stage must be greater than or equal to the final output torque, and the driving device can provide different rotation ratios for adapting to different working conditions of the vehicle. For example, a vehicle is required to run at a speed as fast as possible under a flat ground condition, and when climbing a large gradient, traction force is required to be large but the speed is low, and the current variable hydraulic motor with a stepless speed change function or the speed regulation performance of the stepless speed change servo motor cannot meet the requirement of diversified transmission ratios.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment discloses a variable transmission ratio wheel side planetary reduction driving device, which includes a housing 1, a first clutch 2, a second clutch 3, a reduction gear 4 and a transmission shaft 5 mounted in the housing 1, the reduction gear 4 includes a sun gear 41, a plurality of planetary gears 42, a carrier 43 and a reduction gear housing 44, the sun gear 41 is connected to the transmission shaft 5 by a shaft, a ring gear is provided in the reduction gear housing 44, the plurality of planetary gears 42 are mounted between the sun gear 41 and the reduction gear housing 44 through the carrier 43, and are engaged with the sun gear 41 by being engaged with the ring gear respectively. The first clutch 2 is mounted between the housing 1 and the speed reducer housing 44 for locking or unlocking between the housing 1 and the speed reducer housing 44. The second clutch 3 is mounted between the speed reducer housing 44 and the drive shaft 5 for locking or unlocking between the speed reducer housing 44 and the drive shaft 5. The wheel-side planetary reduction driving device adjusts the transmission ratio between the input end (the transmission shaft 5) and the output end (the planet carrier 43) by arranging the first clutch 2 to lock or unlock the shell 1 and the speed reducer shell 44 and arranging the second clutch 3 to lock or unlock the speed reducer shell 44 and the transmission shaft 5 so as to meet the different speed and different traction force requirements of the vehicle and increase the adaptability.
For example, in the state 1, when the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are both in the locked state, the propeller shaft 5, the speed reducer housing 44 and the casing 1 are locked to each other, and the wheel side planetary reduction driving device is in the brake state.
In state 2, when the first clutch 2 is in a locked state and the second clutch 3 is in an unlocked state, the speed reducer shell 44 and the shell 1 are locked, the speed reducer shell 44 and the transmission shaft 5 are unlocked, the transmission shaft 5 rotates to drive the central wheel 41 of the speed reducer 4 to rotate, the central wheel 41 drives the planet wheel 42 to rotate, the planet wheel 42 drives the planet carrier 43 to carry out speed reduction output, and the transmission ratio (tooth number of the gear ring/tooth number of the central wheel+1) of the speed reducer 4 is the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device.
In state 3, when the first clutch 2 is in the unlocked state and the second clutch 3 is in the locked state, the speed reducer housing 44 and the casing 1 are unlocked, the speed reducer housing 44 and the transmission shaft 5 are locked, at this time, the center wheel 41, the planet wheel 42 and the speed reducer housing 44 of the speed reducer 4 are mutually locked, the transmission shaft 5 rotates to drive the speed reducer 4 to rotate together, and at this time, the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is 1.
And in the state 4, when the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are in the unlocking state, the transmission shaft 5, the speed reducer shell 44 and the shell 1 are in the unlocking state, the speed reducer 4 does not output the rotating speed, and the transmission shaft 5 idles.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the initial state of the first clutch 2 is a locked state, and the initial state of the second clutch 3 is an unlocked state. The first clutch 2 is associated with the second clutch 3, and when the first clutch 2 is in the locked state, the second clutch 3 is in the unlocked state; or when the first clutch 2 is in the unlocking state, the second clutch 3 is in the locking state, so that the states of the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are always opposite, the states of the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are prevented from being the same, and no load or braking of the speed reducer 4 is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, the first clutch 2 includes a first dynamic friction plate 21, a first static friction plate 22, a first piston 23 and an elastic element 24, the first piston 23 is slidably disposed in the housing 1, a first oil cylinder 25 is formed between the first piston 23 and the housing 1, and the first oil cylinder 25 is communicated with the oil pump through a pipeline. The first dynamic friction plate 21 is sleeved and connected with the reducer shell 44, the first static friction plate 22 is connected with the inner wall surface of the shell 1, the elastic element 24 is arranged between the shell 1 and the first piston 23, and an acting force for enabling the first piston 23 to compress the first dynamic friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22 is applied. The plurality of first dynamic friction plates 21 and the first static friction plates 22 are arranged at intervals to improve the locking effect.
As shown in fig. 1, the second clutch 3 includes a second movable friction plate 31 and a second static friction plate 32, the second movable friction plate 31 is sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft 5, the second static friction plate 32 is connected to the inner wall surface of the reducer housing 44, and a plurality of second movable friction plates and the second static friction plate 32 are arranged at intervals to improve the locking effect.
When the oil pump injects oil into the first oil cylinder 25, the first piston 23 slides in a direction away from the first movable friction plate 21, presses the elastic element 24 and releases the acting force on the first movable friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22, and meanwhile, the first piston 23 drives the transmission shaft 5 to move, so that the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32 are mutually pressed.
When the oil is not injected into the first oil cylinder 25, the pretightening force of the elastic element 24 presses the first dynamic friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22 through the first piston 23, namely, the speed reducer housing 44 and the shell 1 are locked, the first clutch 2 is in a locked state, and the second clutch 3 is in an unlocked state, at this time, the wheel side planetary reduction driving device outputs through the speed reducer 4, and the transmission ratio of the wheel side planetary reduction driving device is equal to the transmission ratio (gear ring tooth number/center gear tooth number+1) of the speed reducer 4. When the oil pump injects oil into the first oil cylinder 25, the first piston 23 moves leftwards, presses the elastic element 24 and releases the acting force on the first dynamic friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22, so that the speed reducer housing 44 and the shell 1 are unlocked, namely the first clutch 2 is unlocked, and meanwhile, the first piston 23 drives the transmission shaft 5 to move, the second dynamic friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32 are mutually pressed, so that the speed reducer housing 44 and the transmission shaft 5 are locked, namely the second clutch 3 is locked, and at the moment, the transmission shaft 5 drives the speed reducer 4 to rotate together, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary speed reduction driving device is 1.
As shown in fig. 1, specifically, the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device further includes a bearing 8, the first piston 23 is sleeved and connected to the bearing 8, the bearing 8 is sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft 5, the transmission shaft 5 includes a shaft body 51 and a pressing member 52, the pressing member 52 is sleeved and connected to the shaft body 51, the pressing member 52 is disposed corresponding to the second dynamic friction plate 31 or the second static friction plate 32, and an outer edge of the pressing member 52 is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32. When the first oil cylinder 25 is filled with oil, the first piston 23 drives the bearing 8 to move, the bearing 8 drives the transmission shaft 5 to move, and the transmission shaft 5 drives the pressing piece 52 to press or release the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32. When the pressing piece 52 moves in a direction approaching the second movable friction plate 31, the second movable friction plate 31 and the second stationary friction plate 32 are pressed; when the pressing piece 52 moves in a direction away from the second movable friction plate 31, the pressing force applied to the second movable friction plate 31 and the second stationary friction plate 32 is released.
Therefore, the state of the first clutch 2 and the state of the second clutch 3 can be changed by injecting oil into the first oil cylinder 25 through the oil pump, so that the adjustment of the transmission ratio is realized, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that: the initial state of the first clutch 2 is in the unlocked state and the initial state of the second clutch 3 is in the locked state. The first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are mutually related and are in different states, so that the states of the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are always opposite, the states of the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are prevented from being the same, and no load or braking of the speed reducer 4 is avoided. For example, when the first clutch 2 is in the locked state, the second clutch 3 is in the unlocked state; or when the first clutch 2 is in the unlocked state, the second clutch 3 is in the locked state.
As shown in fig. 2, the first clutch 2 includes a first dynamic friction plate 21, a first static friction plate 22, a first piston 23 and an elastic element 24, the first dynamic friction plate 21 is sleeved and connected to a reducer housing 44, the first static friction plate 22 is connected to an inner wall surface of the casing 1, and a plurality of first dynamic friction plates 21 and first static friction plates 22 are arranged at intervals to improve the locking effect. The first piston 23 is slidably disposed inside the housing 1, and is configured to press the first movable friction plate 21 and the first stationary friction plate 22 against each other when the first piston 23 slides in a direction approaching the first movable friction plate 21, and to release a force acting on the first movable friction plate 21 and the first stationary friction plate 22 when the first piston 23 slides in a direction separating from the first movable friction plate 21. The elastic member 24 is provided between the housing 1 and the first piston 23, and applies a force to move the first piston 23 away from the first dynamic friction plate 21.
As shown in fig. 2, the second clutch 3 includes a plurality of second dynamic friction plates 31 and second static friction plates 32 which are arranged at intervals, a second piston 33, a clutch pull rod 34 and an elastic member 35, the second dynamic friction plates 31 are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft 5, the second static friction plates 32 are connected to the inner wall surface of the reducer housing 44, the second piston 33 is slidably arranged in the housing 1, a first oil cylinder 25 is formed between the first piston 23, the second piston 33 and the housing 1, the first oil cylinder 25 is communicated with the oil pump through a pipeline, the clutch pull rod 34 is penetrated and slidably arranged in the reducer housing 44, one end of the clutch pull rod 34 is connected to the second piston 33, and the other end of the clutch pull rod 34 is used for compressing the second dynamic friction plates 31 and the second static friction plates 32 when sliding along the direction close to the second dynamic friction plates 31. The elastic member 35 is provided between the speed reducer case 44 and the clutch lever 34, and applies a biasing force that biases the clutch lever 34 to press the second movable friction plate 31 and the second stationary friction plate 32 against each other.
When the oil pump injects oil into the first oil cylinder 25, the first piston 23 slides along the direction approaching to the elastic element 24 and presses the elastic element 24, the first movable friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22 are pressed, and meanwhile, the second piston 33 moves along the direction far away from the first piston 23 and drives the clutch pull rod 34 to press the elastic component 35, so that the acting force of the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32 is released.
When the oil is not injected into the first oil cylinder 25, the elastic element 24 enables the first piston 23 to be far away from the acting force of the first dynamic friction plate 21, and the first clutch 2 is in an unlocking state, namely, the speed reducer shell 44 and the shell 1 are unlocked; meanwhile, the elastic member 35 compresses the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32 by means of the clutch tie rod 34 by means of elastic force, the second clutch 3 is in a locked state, that is, the speed reducer housing 44 and the transmission shaft 5 are locked, the transmission shaft 5 and the speed reducer 4 rotate together, and at this time, the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is 1.
When the oil pump fills the first oil cylinder 25, the first piston 23 overcomes the elasticity of the elastic element 24, compresses the first dynamic friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22, locks between the reducer housing 44 and the casing 1, and simultaneously, the second piston 33 drives the clutch pull rod 34 to overcome the elasticity of the elastic component 35, simultaneously releases the acting force applied to the second dynamic friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32, and unlocks between the reducer housing 44 and the transmission shaft 5, wherein the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is the transmission ratio of the reducer 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the clutch lever 34 has a protruding pressing portion 341 near one end of the elastic member 35, one side of the pressing portion 341 is used for connecting the elastic member 35, and the other side of the pressing portion 341 is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32 against each other. The elastic member 35 is pressed when the pressing portion 341 of the clutch lever 34 moves to one side, and the second movable friction plate 31 and the second stationary friction plate 32 are pressed when the pressing portion moves to the other side.
As shown in fig. 2, the wheel planetary reduction driving device further comprises a sealing ring 9, wherein a sealing ring 9 is arranged between the first piston 23 and the housing 1, and a sealing ring 9 is arranged between the second piston 33 and the housing 1, so that oil is prevented from leaking between the first piston 23 and the housing 1 and between the second piston 33 and the housing 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the wheel side planetary reduction driving apparatus further includes a partition 10, and the partition 10 is disposed between the first piston 23 and the second piston 33. The partition 10 separates the first piston 23 and the second piston 33 to keep the first cylinder 25 between the first piston 23 and the second piston 33, prevent the first piston 23 and the second piston 33 from approaching, and further eliminate the first cylinder 25 therebetween, so that the oil cannot be injected into the first cylinder 25 at a later stage.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, this embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 2, except that: the initial state of the first clutch 2 is a locked state, and the initial state of the second clutch 3 is a locked state.
The first clutch 2 comprises a plurality of first dynamic friction plates 21 and first static friction plates 22 which are arranged at intervals, a first piston 23 and an elastic element 24, wherein the first dynamic friction plates 21 are sleeved and connected with a speed reducer shell 44, the first static friction plates 22 are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell 1, the first piston 23 is slidably arranged in the shell 1, a first oil cylinder 25 is formed between the first piston 23 and the shell 1, the first oil cylinder 25 is communicated with a first oil pump through a pipeline, the first piston 23 is used for mutually compressing the first dynamic friction plates 21 and the first static friction plates 22 when sliding along the direction close to the first dynamic friction plates 21, and the elastic element 24 is arranged between the shell 1 and the first piston 23 and exerts a force for compressing the first dynamic friction plates 21 and the first static friction plates 22 by the first piston 23. When the first cylinder 25 is filled with oil, the first piston 23 slides in a direction away from the first movable friction plate 21, overcomes the urging force of the elastic member 24, and releases the urging force applied to the first movable friction plate 21 and the first stationary friction plate 22. When the oil in the first oil cylinder 25 is released, the acting force on the first piston 23 is eliminated, and the elastic force of the elastic member 24 makes the first piston 23 slide rightward, compressing the first dynamic friction plate 21 and the first static friction plate 22.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second clutch 3 includes a plurality of second dynamic friction plates 31 and second static friction plates 32, a second piston 33, a clutch pull rod 34 and an elastic member 35 which are arranged at intervals, the second dynamic friction plates 31 are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft 5, the second static friction plates 32 are connected to the inner wall surface of the reducer housing 44, the second piston 33 is slidably arranged in the housing 1, a second oil cylinder 36 is formed between the second piston 33 and the housing 1, and the second oil cylinder 36 is communicated with the second oil pump through a pipeline. The clutch pull rod 34 is arranged in the reducer housing 44 in a penetrating and sliding manner, one end of the clutch pull rod 34 is connected to the second piston 33, and the other end of the clutch pull rod 34 is used for pressing the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32 when sliding along the direction close to the second movable friction plate 31. The elastic member 35 is provided between the speed reducer case 44 and the clutch lever 34, and applies a biasing force that biases the clutch lever 34 to press the second movable friction plate 31 and the second stationary friction plate 32 against each other. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the oil is injected into the second oil cylinder 36, the second piston 33 slides leftward, driving the clutch pull rod 34 to move leftward, overcoming the elastic force of the elastic member 35, and the protrusion at the right end of the clutch pull rod 34 compresses the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32. When the oil in the second cylinder 36 is released, the acting force on the second piston 33 is eliminated, and at the same time, the acting force of the second piston 33 on the clutch pull rod 34 is eliminated, the clutch pull rod 34 slides rightward under the acting force of the elastic member 35, so as to compress the second movable friction plate 31 and the second static friction plate 32, and at the same time, the clutch pull rod 34 drives the second piston 33 to slide rightward, so that the second piston 33 is restored to the initial position.
In the present embodiment, four states of the wheel side planetary reduction drive are obtained by switching different states of the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3.
In state 1, when neither the first oil cylinder 25 nor the second oil cylinder 36 is filled with oil, both the first clutch 2 and the second clutch 3 are in a locked state, and the wheel side planetary reduction driving device does not output and is in a braking state.
In state 2, when the first oil cylinder 25 is not filled with oil and the second oil cylinder 36 is filled with oil, the first clutch 2 is in a locked state, and the second clutch 3 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state. At this time, the gear housing 44 and the casing 1 are locked, the gear housing 44 and the transmission shaft 5 are unlocked, the transmission shaft 5 outputs through the gear 4, and the gear ratio of the wheel side planetary reduction driving device is the gear ratio of the gear 4.
In state 3, when the first oil cylinder 25 is filled with oil and the second oil cylinder 36 is not filled with oil, the first clutch 2 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state, and the second clutch 3 is still kept in the locked state. At this time, the speed reducer housing 44 and the casing 1 are unlocked, the speed reducer housing 44 and the transmission shaft 5 are locked, the transmission shaft 5 drives the speed reducer 4 to rotate together, and the transmission ratio of the wheel-side planetary reduction driving device is 1.
In the state 4, when the first oil cylinder 25 and the second oil cylinder 36 are both filled with oil, the first clutch 2 is switched from the locking state to the unlocking state, the second clutch 3 is switched from the locking state to the unlocking state, the whole speed reducer 4 is in the neutral state, and the speed reducer 4 does not output the rotating speed after the transmission shaft 5 rotates.
Therefore, the state of the first clutch 2 and the state of the second clutch 3 can be changed by controlling whether to inject oil into the first oil cylinder 25 and the second oil cylinder 36, so that the adjustment of the transmission ratio is realized, and the operation is simple and convenient.
In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wheel planetary speed reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio is characterized by comprising a shell, a first clutch, a second clutch, a speed reducer and a transmission shaft, wherein the first clutch, the second clutch, the speed reducer and the transmission shaft are arranged in the shell,
The speed reducer comprises a central wheel, a plurality of planet wheels, a planet carrier and a speed reducer shell, wherein the central wheel shaft is connected with the transmission shaft, a gear ring is arranged in the speed reducer shell, the planet wheels are arranged between the central wheel and the speed reducer shell through the planet carrier and are respectively meshed with the outer part of the central wheel and the inner part of the gear ring,
The first clutch is arranged between the shell and the speed reducer shell and used for locking or unlocking between the shell and the speed reducer shell;
The second clutch is installed between the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft and used for locking or unlocking between the speed reducer shell and the transmission shaft.
2. A variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
The first clutch includes:
The first dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected with the speed reducer shell, and the first static friction plates are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell;
The first piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding manner and used for compressing or releasing acting force applied to the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate, a first oil cylinder is formed between the first piston and the shell, and the first oil cylinder is communicated with an oil pump through a pipeline;
The elastic element is arranged between the shell and the first piston and applies a acting force for enabling the first piston to compress the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate;
the second clutch includes:
The second dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, and the second static friction plates are connected to the inner wall surface of the speed reducer shell;
When the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, the first piston slides towards the direction away from the first dynamic friction plate, the elastic element is extruded, acting force on the first dynamic friction plate and acting force on the first static friction plate are released, and meanwhile, the first piston drives the transmission shaft to move, so that the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate are mutually pressed.
3. The variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive apparatus as defined in claim 2, further comprising a bearing, wherein said first piston is sleeved with and connected to said bearing, wherein said bearing is sleeved with and connected to said drive shaft,
The transmission shaft comprises a shaft body and a pressing piece, the pressing piece is sleeved on and connected with the shaft body, the pressing piece is correspondingly arranged with the second dynamic friction plate or the second static friction plate, and the outer edge of the pressing piece is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate.
4. A variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
The first clutch includes:
The first dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected with the speed reducer shell, and the first static friction plates are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell;
the first piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding manner, and is used for mutually pressing the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the first dynamic friction plate, and is used for releasing acting force applied to the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction far away from the first dynamic friction plate;
An elastic element arranged between the shell and the first piston and used for applying a force for enabling the first piston to be far away from the first dynamic friction plate;
the second clutch includes:
The second dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, and the second static friction plates are connected to the inner wall surface of the speed reducer shell;
The second piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding way and used for compressing or releasing acting force applied to the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate, a first oil cylinder is formed among the first piston, the second piston and the shell and is communicated with an oil pump through a pipeline,
The clutch pull rod is penetrated and arranged in the speed reducer shell in a sliding way, one end of the clutch pull rod is connected with the second piston, and the other end of the clutch pull rod is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the second dynamic friction plate;
The elastic component is arranged between the speed reducer shell and the clutch pull rod, and applies an acting force for enabling the clutch pull rod to mutually press the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate;
When the oil pump is used for injecting oil into the first oil cylinder, the first piston slides along the direction close to the elastic element and extrudes the elastic element, the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate are compressed, and meanwhile, the second piston moves along the direction far away from the first piston and drives the clutch pull rod to extrude the elastic component, so that acting force of the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate is released.
5. The variable transmission ratio wheel side planetary reduction driving device according to claim 4, wherein one end of the clutch pull rod, which is close to the elastic member, is provided with a convex pressing portion, one side of the pressing portion is used for connecting the elastic member, and the other side of the pressing portion is used for mutually pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate.
6. The variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive of claim 4, further comprising a seal ring, wherein the seal ring is disposed between the first piston and the housing, and wherein the seal ring is disposed between the second piston and the housing.
7. The variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive of claim 5, further comprising a divider disposed between the first piston and the second piston.
8. The variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the first clutch is associated with the second clutch, the second clutch being in an unlocked state when the first clutch is in a locked state; or when the first clutch is in an unlocked state, the second clutch is in a locked state.
9. A variable ratio wheel side planetary reduction drive apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein,
The first clutch includes:
The first dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected with the speed reducer shell, and the first static friction plates are connected with the inner wall surface of the shell;
The first piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding way, a first oil cylinder is formed between the first piston and the shell and is communicated with a first oil pump through a pipeline, the first piston is used for mutually pressing the first movable friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the first movable friction plate, the first piston is used for releasing acting force applied to the first movable friction plate and the first static friction plate when sliding along the direction far away from the first movable friction plate,
The elastic element is arranged between the shell and the first piston and applies a acting force for enabling the first piston to compress the first dynamic friction plate and the first static friction plate;
the second clutch includes:
The second dynamic friction plates are sleeved and connected to the transmission shaft, and the second static friction plates are connected to the inner wall surface of the speed reducer shell;
The second piston is arranged in the shell in a sliding way and used for compressing or releasing acting force applied to the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate, a second oil cylinder is formed between the second piston and the shell and is communicated with a second oil pump through a pipeline,
The clutch pull rod is penetrated and arranged in the speed reducer shell in a sliding way, one end of the clutch pull rod is connected with the second piston, and the other end of the clutch pull rod is used for pressing the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate when sliding along the direction close to the second dynamic friction plate;
the elastic component is arranged between the speed reducer shell and the clutch pull rod, and applies an acting force which enables the clutch pull rod to mutually press the second dynamic friction plate and the second static friction plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410313959.4A CN117927620A (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410313959.4A CN117927620A (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio |
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| CN117927620A true CN117927620A (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN202410313959.4A Pending CN117927620A (en) | 2024-03-19 | 2024-03-19 | Wheel-side planetary reduction driving device with variable transmission ratio |
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| CN108426005A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-21 | 宁波东湖液压传动有限公司 | Two-speed gearbox |
| CN208268323U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-12-21 | 福州钻智汽车科技有限公司 | A kind of single control chip double clutch parallel shaft transmission |
| CN112413087A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2021-02-26 | 长驰传动科技(苏州)有限公司 | Double-speed planet wheel transmission |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120149519A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Meyer Kevin G | Transmission assembly having variable force clutch |
| CN103867684A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | 博世力士乐（北京）液压有限公司 | Double speed ratio rotation reducer |
| CN108138916A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-06-08 | 阿凯提兹动力公司 | For the multi-speed planetary driver of mechanical supercharger |
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