CN117924567A - Expandable polymer composition, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Expandable polymer composition, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN117924567A CN117924567A CN202410128252.6A CN202410128252A CN117924567A CN 117924567 A CN117924567 A CN 117924567A CN 202410128252 A CN202410128252 A CN 202410128252A CN 117924567 A CN117924567 A CN 117924567A
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- pmma
- polymer composition
- expandable polymer
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010114 lost-foam casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 acrylic ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000816 magnesium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl adipate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 210000000497 foam cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTZWHHIREPJPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phorone Chemical compound CC(C)=CC(=O)C=C(C)C MTZWHHIREPJPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical group N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWXMAAYKJDQVTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOCCOC(=O)C=C RWXMAAYKJDQVTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012691 depolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OUWSNHWQZPEFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl glutarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCC(=O)OCC OUWSNHWQZPEFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HTEAGOMAXMOFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C HTEAGOMAXMOFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- WHUNEQVNUYXPBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 6-methylheptaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WHUNEQVNUYXPBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F120/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F120/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F120/10—Esters
- C08F120/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F120/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F271/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of nitrogen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F26/00
- C08F271/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of nitrogen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F26/00 on to polymers of monomers containing heterocyclic nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2351/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an expandable polymer composition, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of expanded polymers. An expandable polymer composition comprising, by weight of 100%: 80-95% of PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer, 0-5% of plasticizer and 5-20% of foaming agent. According to the application, the plasticizer is added into the expandable polymer of PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer to obviously improve the foaming performance of the expandable polymer, and the foamed foam has smooth surface and good foaming compactness uniformity. When the expandable polymer composition is used as a casting material for lost foam casting, a very low residual amount can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foaming polymers, and relates to an expandable polymer composition, a preparation method and application.
Background
Lost foam casting is a novel casting process, and the performance of casting materials is a key factor affecting castings, particularly the casting materials can affect indexes such as carbon content, oxygen content and the like of the castings, and finally the performance of the castings is affected. The most commonly used casting materials in the past are expandable polystyrene EPS, but the EPS has a large carbon residue and is not suitable for some novel casting materials, such as aluminum alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and the like. Polymethyl methacrylate PMMA can undergo depolymerization reaction at high temperature, and monomers generated by depolymerization are directly volatilized at high temperature without carbonization, so that lower carbon content, oxygen content residues and the like can be realized, and the performance of castings is improved.
PMMA, while having the advantages described above, also suffers from drawbacks such as: foaming of PMMA is generally difficult, melt elongation and shear viscosity are not suitable for foaming behavior, foam holding ability is poor, foam cells are not uniform, the surface of foam is uneven, and it is difficult to obtain a smooth surface. Thus, the above-mentioned disadvantages of PMMA affect its use as a molding material.
In order to improve the above-mentioned shortcomings of PMMA, the prior art discloses some improved technical solutions, such as adding part of styrene monomer into methyl methacrylate monomer, and then polymerizing, but still does not solve the problems caused by EPS; for example, chinese patent No. CN115505162a discloses a method for preparing lost foam casting material by supercritical carbon dioxide foaming, but the supercritical method has high cost and complex preparation method, and is not suitable for lost foam casting manufacturers. In addition, there are several prior art disclosures that use a combination of methyl methacrylate and other acrylate monomers as comonomers, such as ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, etc., but weaken the characteristics of polymethyl methacrylate, still suffer from the disadvantage of higher carbon content residues.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an expandable polymer composition which takes advantage of the characteristic that the residual carbon content of the expandable PMMA as a casting material is low and solves the defect of poor foamability of PMMA.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the expandable polymer composition.
The invention further provides the use of an expandable polymer composition.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
An expandable polymer composition comprising, by weight of 100%: 80-95% of PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer, 0-5% of plasticizer and 5-20% of foaming agent.
Preferably, the PMMA homopolymer or PMMA copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 100kDa to 800kDa.
Preferably, the PMMA copolymer is acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA or branched modified PMMA, the weight ratio of acrylic monomer in the acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA is not more than 10%, the general formula of the acrylic monomer is CH 2＝CR1COOR2, wherein R 1 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, R 2 is selected from C1-C18 alkyl or C2-C18 modified alkyl, and R 1 and R 2 are not methyl at the same time.
Preferably, the branched modified PMMA is one or a combination of a plurality of polyvinyl alcohol branched modified PMMA, polyvinylpyrrolidone branched modified PMMA, hydroxymethyl cellulose branched modified PMMA and carboxymethyl cellulose branched modified PMMA.
Preferably, the plasticizer has a boiling point of not less than 120 ℃ and not more than 400 ℃ at 1 atmosphere.
Preferably, the plasticizer has the formula R 3OOCR4COOR3, wherein R 3 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl, and R 4 is selected from C2-C8 alkylene or C6-C8 arylene.
More preferably, R 3 is selected from methyl and R 4 is selected from C4-C8 alkylene.
Preferably, the foaming agent is selected from one or a combination of more than one of n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, neopentane, n-hexane and isopentane.
A method of preparing the expandable polymer composition of any of the above embodiments, comprising: adding methyl methacrylate or a mixed monomer consisting of methyl methacrylate and acrylic ester monomers, the plasticizer, the foaming agent, an initiator and a polymerization auxiliary agent into water, and carrying out suspension polymerization under pressure to obtain the modified polyurethane foam.
Preferably, the polymerization auxiliary agent is selected from one or a combination of more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, tricalcium phosphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, magnesium hydroxide and bentonite.
Preferably, the weight of the polymerization auxiliary is 0.5-2% of the weight of the methyl methacrylate or the weight of the mixed monomer.
The use of the expandable polymer composition of any of the above embodiments as a casting material for lost foam casting.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The inventor finds that the foaming performance of PMMA homopolymer can be obviously improved by adding a small amount of plasticizer into the PMMA homopolymer, the foaming rate is high, the foam holding capacity is good, the surface of the foam is smooth, and the foam is suitable for being used as a casting mold material of a lost foam.
2. The added plasticizer is a small molecular substance, the boiling point is far lower than the temperature during lost foam casting, so that the added small amount of plasticizer can volatilize at high temperature during lost foam casting, and carbonization does not or hardly occur, so that carbon residue and/or oxygen residue of the casting are increased more.
3. The expandable polymer of the present invention is also suitable for use as a PMAA copolymer, and the expandable polymer composition of the PMAA copolymer is also excellent in foaming properties.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further illustrated and described through the following specific embodiments.
In one aspect, the invention provides an expandable polymer composition comprising, by weight, 100%: 80-95% of PMMA homopolymer or PMMA copolymer, 0-5% of plasticizer and 5-20% of foaming agent.
PMMA homopolymers and/or PMMA copolymers
In the present application, the PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer may be PMMA homopolymer, PMMA copolymer or a combination of PMMA homopolymer and PMMA copolymer in a weight ratio of 1-10:10-1.
The molecular weight of PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer has important influence on the performance of the foam, the molecular weight is smaller, the foam is easier to foam, but the foaming multiplying power of the foam is difficult to meet the requirement, the mechanical strength is insufficient, and the surface smoothness of the foam is poor; the PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer has larger molecular weight, large melt viscosity, larger foaming difficulty, difficult foaming multiplying power meeting the requirement, and rough and uneven surface of the foaming body. In the application, in order to enable the expandable polymer to have a certain mechanical strength and have proper foaming performance, the weight average molecular weight of the PMMA homopolymer and/or the PMMA copolymer is more suitable to be 100kDa to 800kDa.
Further, the PMMA copolymer is acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA or branched modified PMMA. The acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate monomer and acrylic monomer, the general formula of the acrylic monomer is CH 2＝CR1COOR2, wherein R 1 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, R 2 is selected from C1-C18 alkyl or C2-C18 modified alkyl, R 1 and R 2 are not methyl at the same time, and the acrylic monomer can be ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate and the like. The weight ratio of the acrylic monomer in the acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA is not more than 10%, or even more, not more than 7%, such as 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% by weight, etc. By copolymerizing PMMA with acrylic monomers, the foaming performance of the expandable polymer composition can be improved, the foaming multiplying power is higher, but the characteristics of low carbon residue and/or oxygen residue of PMMA homopolymer are weakened. Therefore, the acrylic monomer in the acrylic monomer-copolymerized PMMA needs to be in a lower range and not too high, and as described above, the weight ratio of the acrylic monomer is not more than 10%.
Further, the branched modified PMMA is one or a combination of a plurality of polyvinyl alcohol branched modified PMMA, polyvinylpyrrolidone branched modified PMMA, hydroxymethyl cellulose branched modified PMMA and carboxymethyl cellulose branched modified PMMA. Branched modified PMMA means that the side chains of PMMA contain branched structures. The branched modified PMMA can obtain melt with lower viscosity under higher molecular weight, so that the foamable polymer composition has better foaming performance and the mechanical strength of the foamed foam is higher. However, the branched modified PMMA also has the characteristic of weakening the carbon residue and/or the oxygen residue of the PMMA homopolymer, so that the content of a branched structure in the branched modified PMMA is not too high, otherwise, the carbon residue and/or the oxygen residue of a casting are too high.
Plasticizer(s)
Plasticizers refer to a class of compounds added to polymers that increase the plasticity of the polymer. The inventors have unexpectedly found that the addition of a small amount of plasticizer to the PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer can significantly improve the foaming properties of the PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer, and that the obtained foaming agent has a smooth surface and is suitable for use as a casting material for lost foam.
In the application, in order to avoid that the boiling point of the plasticizer is too high to volatilize during lost foam casting to completely cause carbon residue and/or oxygen residue of the casting to be too high, the boiling point of the plasticizer is not lower than 120 ℃ and not higher than 400 ℃ under 1 atmosphere. If the boiling point of the plasticizer is too low, for example, about 100 ℃, the molecular weight is generally too small, the plasticizing effect is poor, and the purpose of the application is difficult to achieve. The plasticizer may be of the formula R 3OOCR4COOR3, wherein R 3 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl and R 4 is selected from C2-C8 alkylene or C6-C8 arylene. Further, R 3 is selected from methyl and R 4 is selected from C4-C8 alkylene. The plasticizer in the present application is more preferably a plasticizer not containing an aromatic structure, and the plasticizer containing an aromatic structure may be, for example, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dimethyl terephthalate, or the like. Plasticizers containing aromatic structures generally have a relatively high carbon content and a relatively high boiling point. For example, dimethyl phthalate and dimethyl suberate having equal carbon numbers have a boiling point of 282.7 ℃ and dimethyl suberate has a boiling point of 268 ℃ which differ by about 14 ℃.
Further, the plasticizer may have a boiling point of not less than 150 ℃ and not more than 350 ℃ at 1 atmosphere. By way of example, the plasticizer may be dimethyl succinate, diethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, diethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl suberate, etc.
Foaming agent
The blowing agent is one of the essential components of the expandable polymer. The foaming agent in the present application is not particularly limited, and may be a conventional foaming agent, for example, may be one or a combination of several of n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, neopentane, n-hexane and isopentane.
In another aspect, the application provides a method for preparing the expandable polymer composition according to any one of the above embodiments, comprising: methyl methacrylate or a mixed monomer consisting of methyl methacrylate and acrylic ester monomers, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, an initiator and a polymerization auxiliary agent are added into water, suspension polymerization is carried out under the pressure (the pressure can be 0.2-1 MPa), solids are separated, the water is cleaned, and the water is dried (the drying temperature is generally not more than 40 ℃), so that the expandable polymer composition is obtained.
In the above production method, the weight ratio of methyl methacrylate or the mixed monomer, the plasticizer and the foaming agent is analyzed as described above, and the weight ratio of the methyl methacrylate-acrylate monomer in the mixed monomer is also analyzed as described above. The weight of water may be 1 to 3 times the weight of the polymerizable monomer, which means methyl methacrylate or a mixed monomer composed of methyl methacrylate and an acrylic monomer in the above preparation method.
The initiator is mainly oil-soluble initiator or further is oil-soluble peroxide initiator or oil-soluble azo initiator, wherein the oil-soluble peroxide initiator can be benzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxyisooctanoate and the like, and the oil-soluble azo initiator can be azo diisobutyronitrile, azo diisoheptonitrile and the like. The initiator may be used in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the monomers, and the monomers may be the above methyl methacrylate or the above mixed monomers composed of methyl methacrylate and acrylic monomers.
The polymerization auxiliary agent is used for dispersing an oil phase (comprising a polymerizable monomer, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, an initiator and the like) and realizing suspension polymerization. The polymerization auxiliary agent can be one or more selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, tricalcium phosphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, magnesium hydroxide and bentonite, for example, the combination of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1:0.3-3, or the combination of polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1:0.3-3, or the combination of tricalcium phosphate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate according to the weight ratio of 1:0.3-3. The inventors found that when the polymerization auxiliary contains a polymer type polymerization auxiliary such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc., a branched polymer, that is, the branched modified PMMA described above, can be formed, and when the molecular weight of the branched polymer is large, the viscosity of the melt can be relatively low.
In the present application, when the polymerizable monomer for suspension polymerization is methyl methacrylate, the weight of the polymerization auxiliary is 0.5 to 2% by weight of methyl methacrylate, and for example, may be 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8%, 2%, etc.; when the polymerizable monomer for suspension polymerization is the above-mentioned mixed monomer, the weight of the polymerization auxiliary is 0.5 to 2% by weight of the above-mentioned mixed monomer, and for example, may be 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8%, 2% or the like.
In a further aspect the application provides the use of an expandable polymer composition according to any of the embodiments described above as a casting material for lost foam casting. The foamable polymer composition of the application is used as a casting mould material for lost foam casting, and has relatively good foaming performance such as high foaming multiplying power, stable foam, smooth surface of a foaming body and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described and illustrated below according to various embodiments. The parts are by weight in the examples below, unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1
90 Parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.5 part of dimethyl glutarate, 4.5 parts of isobutane, 5 parts of n-pentane, 0.45 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.4 part of tricalcium phosphate and 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are added into 200 parts of water, uniformly stirred and dispersed to prepare a suspension, nitrogen is introduced to remove air in a reaction system, the air is pressurized to 0.35MPa, the temperature is increased to 80 ℃ for suspension polymerization for 10 hours, solids are separated, the mixture is washed 2 times by clean water, and the mixture is dried overnight at 38-40 ℃ to obtain the expandable polymer composition.
Example 2
The differences between example 2 and example 1 are: methyl methacrylate was adjusted from 90 parts to 88 parts and dimethyl glutarate was adjusted from 0.5 part to 2.5 parts. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that: methyl methacrylate was adjusted from 90 parts to 85.5 parts and dimethyl glutarate was adjusted from 0.5 parts to 5 parts. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Comparative example 1
The difference between comparative example 1 and example 2 is: dimethyl glutarate in example 2 was replaced with an equal weight of methyl methacrylate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The difference between comparative example 2 and example 2 is: dimethyl glutarate in example 2 was replaced with an equal weight of dioctyl adipate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Comparative example 3
The difference between comparative example 3 and example 2 is: dimethyl glutarate in example 2 was replaced with an equal weight of dioctyl phthalate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 4
Adding 0.3 part of PVA 1792 into 250 parts of water, heating to 90 ℃ and stirring until the mixture is dissolved, cooling to not more than 40 ℃, adding 89 parts of methyl methacrylate, 3 parts of dimethyl glutarate, 3 parts of isobutane, 5 parts of n-pentane, 0.36 part of benzoyl peroxide and 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into 200 parts of water, stirring and dispersing uniformly to prepare a suspension, introducing nitrogen to remove air in a reaction system and pressurizing to 0.5MPa, heating to 80 ℃ and performing suspension polymerization for 15 hours, separating out solids, cleaning 2 times by clean water, and drying overnight at 38-40 ℃ to obtain the expandable polymer composition.
Example 5
The differences between example 5 and example 4 are: in example 4, 3 parts of isobutane and 5 parts of n-pentane were adjusted to 2 parts of isobutane and 4 parts of n-pentane. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 6
The differences between example 6 and example 4 are: in example 4, 3 parts of isobutane and 5 parts of n-pentane were adjusted to 6 parts of isobutane and 8 parts of n-pentane. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 7
The differences between example 6 and example 4 are: in example 4, 3 parts of isobutane and 5 parts of n-pentane were adjusted to 8 parts of isobutane and 11 parts of n-pentane. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Comparative example 4
The difference between comparative example 4 and example 4 is: in example 4, 3 parts of dimethyl glutarate were replaced with 3 parts of methyl methacrylate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 8
82 Parts of methyl methacrylate, 8 parts of butyl acrylate, 3 parts of dimethyl adipate, 2 parts of isobutane, 5 parts of n-pentane, 0.4 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.5 part of tricalcium phosphate and 0.4 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are added into 250 parts of water, uniformly stirred and dispersed to prepare a suspension, nitrogen is introduced to remove air in a reaction system, the air is pressurized to 0.5MPa, the temperature is increased to 80 ℃ for suspension polymerization for 12 hours, solids are separated, the mixture is washed 2 times by clean water, and the mixture is dried overnight at 38-40 ℃ to obtain the expandable polymer composition.
Example 9
The differences between example 9 and example 8 are: in example 8, 82 parts of methyl methacrylate and 8 parts of butyl acrylate were adjusted to 85 parts of methyl methacrylate and 5 parts of butyl acrylate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 10
The differences between example 10 and example 8 are: in example 8, 82 parts of methyl methacrylate and 8 parts of butyl acrylate were adjusted to 88 parts of methyl methacrylate and 2 parts of butyl acrylate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Example 11
The differences between example 11 and example 9 are: in example 8, 5 parts of butyl acrylate was adjusted to a combination of 2 parts of butyl acrylate and 3 parts of ethyl acrylate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Comparative example 5
The difference between comparative example 5 and example 9 is: in example 9, 3 parts of dimethyl adipate was replaced with 3 parts of methyl methacrylate. The remaining steps remain unchanged.
Comparative example 6
85 Parts of methyl methacrylate, 5 parts of butyl acrylate, 3 parts of reactive plasticizer diethylene glycol monoacrylate, 2 parts of isobutane, 5 parts of n-pentane, 0.4 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.5 part of tricalcium phosphate and 0.4 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are added into 250 parts of water, stirred and dispersed uniformly to prepare a suspension, nitrogen is introduced to remove air in a reaction system, the air is pressurized to 0.5MPa, the temperature is increased to 80 ℃ for suspension polymerization for 12 hours, solids are separated, clear water is washed for 2 times, and the suspension is dried at 38-40 ℃ overnight to obtain the expandable polymer composition.
Performance testing
The expandable polymer composition to be tested was charged into a foaming apparatus, and foamed at a pressure of 0.15MPa and 130℃for 30 seconds, and the expansion ratio and the appearance of the foam were as shown in Table 1 below.
After the above foam was burned in air at 600 ℃, the residual amount was measured. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Performance test results
| Expansion ratio | Appearance of | Residual amount/% | |
| Example 1 | 83 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | ＜0.1 |
| Example 2 | 90 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | ＜0.1 |
| Example 3 | 88 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.27 |
| Comparative example 1 | 51 | Obvious surface concave-convex, loose and uneven foam holes | ＜0.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 85 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 1.21 |
| Comparative example 3 | 82 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 1.68 |
| Example 4 | 89 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.11 |
| Example 5 | 83 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.15 |
| Example 6 | 91 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | ＜0.1 |
| Example 7 | 87 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.12 |
| Comparative example 4 | 64 | Slight concave-convex surface, compact foam cells and poor uniformity | 0.17 |
| Example 8 | 98 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.83 |
| Example 9 | 95 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.51 |
| Example 10 | 94 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.42 |
| Example 11 | 92 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 0.25 |
| Comparative example 5 | 71 | Slight surface roughness, insufficient compactness of cells and poor uniformity | 3.1 |
| Comparative example 6 | 83 | Smooth surface, compact and uniform foam holes | 5.7 |
From the data in table 1, it is clear that the foamable polymer composition of the present application has high foaming ratio, smooth foam surface, compact and uniform foam cells, and can realize very low residual amount when being applied to lost foam casting as a casting mold material, especially to casting of high-end metal products such as aluminum alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and the like.
As described above, the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, i.e. equivalent changes and modifications as defined by the claims and the description herein should be made while remaining within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (12)
1. An expandable polymer composition comprising, by weight, 100%: 80-95% of PMMA homopolymer and/or PMMA copolymer, 0-5% of plasticizer and 5-20% of foaming agent.
2. The expandable polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the PMMA homopolymer or PMMA copolymer is 100kDa to 800kDa.
3. The expandable polymer composition of claim 1, wherein the PMMA copolymer is an acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA or a branched modified PMMA, wherein the acrylic monomer copolymerized PMMA has a weight ratio of acrylic monomer of not more than 10%, and the acrylic monomer has a general formula of CH 2＝CR1COOR2, wherein R 1 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, R 2 is selected from C1-C18 alkyl or C2-C18 modified alkyl, and R 1 and R 2 are not simultaneously methyl.
4. The expandable polymer composition of claim 1, wherein the branched modified PMMA is one or a combination of several of polyvinyl alcohol branched modified PMMA, polyvinyl pyrrolidone branched modified PMMA, hydroxymethyl cellulose branched modified PMMA, and carboxymethyl cellulose branched modified PMMA.
5. The expandable polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer has a boiling point of not less than 120 ℃ and not more than 400 ℃ at 1 atmosphere.
6. The expandable polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer has the general formula R 3OOCR4COOR3, wherein R 3 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl groups and R 4 is selected from C2-C8 alkylene groups or C6-C8 arylene groups.
7. The expandable polymer composition according to claim 6, wherein R 3 is selected from methyl groups and R 4 is selected from C4-C8 alkylene groups.
8. The expandable polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is selected from one or a combination of several of n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, neopentane, n-hexane and isopentane.
9. A method of preparing the expandable polymer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: adding methyl methacrylate or a mixed monomer consisting of methyl methacrylate and acrylic ester monomers, the plasticizer, the foaming agent, an initiator and a polymerization auxiliary agent into water, and carrying out suspension polymerization under pressure to obtain the modified polyurethane foam.
10. The method for preparing the expandable polymer composition according to claim 9, wherein the polymerization auxiliary is selected from one or a combination of several of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, tricalcium phosphate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate, magnesium hydroxide and bentonite.
11. The method of producing an expandable polymer composition according to claim 9, wherein the weight of the polymerization auxiliary is 0.5 to 2% of the weight of the methyl methacrylate or the weight of the mixed monomer.
12. Use of an expandable polymer composition according to any of claims 1-8 as a casting material for lost foam casting.
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