CN117920311A - Preparation method of supported copper nitride catalyst - Google Patents
Preparation method of supported copper nitride catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN117920311A CN117920311A CN202410177814.6A CN202410177814A CN117920311A CN 117920311 A CN117920311 A CN 117920311A CN 202410177814 A CN202410177814 A CN 202410177814A CN 117920311 A CN117920311 A CN 117920311A
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- cyanamide
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- -1 copper nitride Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XKTQYKYYBXPELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;cyanamide Chemical compound [Cu].NC#N XKTQYKYYBXPELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012691 Cu precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000024 high-resolution transmission electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide electro-reduction catalysts, and discloses a preparation method of a supported copper nitride catalyst, which comprises the following steps: mixing copper cyanamide and a conductive carbon material for ball milling; the rotation speed of the ball milling is 500r/min-5000r/min, and the ball milling time is 1h-24h; the mass ratio of the cyanamide copper to the conductive carbon material is 1-10:1-10. The catalyst obtained by the method has better stability, selectivity and activity in the carbon dioxide electro-catalytic reduction reaction, and the addition of the conductive carbon improves the conductivity of the catalyst, so that the overpotential of the catalyst in the carbon dioxide electro-catalytic reduction reaction is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide electro-reduction catalysts, in particular to a preparation method of a supported copper nitride catalyst.
Background
In CO 2 RR, cu is the only CO 2 RR catalyst capable of producing significant amounts of hydrocarbons and oxygenates (such as CH 4、C2H4 and C 2H5 OH) due to its suitable binding energy to intermediates CO and H. However, due to the diversity of products and complex reaction pathways in CO 2 RR, it is difficult to obtain high selectivity of a single product when Cu is used as a single active site.
In the prior art, nitrogen-containing molecules can also be used as an auxiliary agent to improve the selectivity and stability of the Cu single-metal catalyst. Modification of Cu catalysts by nitrogen-containing organic polymers also results in higher C 2+ selectivity and reaction rates. For example, N-aryl pyridine derivative membranes increase C 2H4 selectivity by enhancing the stability of the linear adsorption of CO intermediates. The NxC layer deposited on the surface of the Cu particles can also improve the adsorption quantity of CO 2 through specific N-CO 2 interaction, thereby improving the selectivity and the catalytic stability of C 2. Nano Cu 3 N showed good C 2H4 selectivity in CO 2 RR by maintaining the positive valence state of Cu.
Researchers have developed a method for preparing nitrogen-carbon supported Cu 3 N composite catalyst by pyrolysis of cyanamide copper (CuNCN), wherein the selectivity of the obtained catalyst product Cu 3N/CxNy to C 2H4 products can reach 47.6%. The method is simple and easy to realize, but the conductivity and the stability of the final product Cu 3N/CxNy are poor, so that the product still has a large lifting space.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a supported copper nitride catalyst, which is simple and easy to realize, and a carbon dioxide electro-reduction catalyst with stable structure and good electric conductivity can be obtained by decomposing copper cyanamide.
The invention provides a preparation method of a supported copper nitride catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
Mixing copper cyanamide (CuNCN) and conductive carbon material, ball milling,
The rotation speed of the ball milling is 500r/min-5000r/min, and the ball milling time is 1h-24h;
The mass ratio of the cyanamide copper to the conductive carbon material is 1-10:1-10.
Further, the method of mixing the copper cyanamide (CuNCN) and the conductive carbon material is selected from one of the i scheme-ii scheme:
scheme i: mixing cyanamide copper and conductive carbon materials;
ii scheme: preparing a cyanamide copper precursor and ammonia water into a complexing solution, adding a conductive carbon material into the complexing solution, mixing with a cyanamide solution, stirring, precipitating, filtering, washing and drying.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in preparing the reagents or preparing the mixed solution, the solvent used is deionized water.
In the invention, a small amount of deionized water can be added during ball milling, which is favorable for full ball milling.
Further, the concentration of ammonia water in the scheme ii is 1mol/L.
Further, the complexing solution in the scheme ii further comprises deionized water, and the volume ratio of the ammonia water to the deionized water is 1:10.
Further, the mass ratio of the balls to the cyanamide copper and the conductive carbon material during ball milling is 5-15:1.
Further, the copper cyanamide precursor in the ii scheme includes one or more of CuCl (cuprous chloride), cuCl 2 (cupric chloride), cu (NO 3)2 (cupric nitrate), cuSO 4 (cupric sulfate).
Further, in the ii scheme, the mass ratio of the cyanamide copper precursor to the cyanamide to the conductive carbon material is 5:5:2.
Further, in the complexing solution in the scheme ii, the concentration of the conductive carbon material is 1mg/mL-3mg/mL.
Further, the stirring time in the scheme ii is 4-6 min.
Further, the specific method of washing in the scheme ii: the filtered precipitate was washed with deionized water at least 2 times.
Further, the drying temperature in the scheme ii is 70-90 ℃ and the drying time is 1-10 h.
Further, the conductive carbon material comprises one or more of graphene, carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black and conductive carbon fibers.
The invention also provides a carbon dioxide electro-reduction catalyst obtained by the preparation method.
The invention also provides application of the catalyst obtained by the preparation method in carbon dioxide electroreduction.
The embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects:
The method is simple and easy to realize, and can be used for industrial production. The catalyst obtained by the method has better stability, selectivity and activity in the carbon dioxide electro-catalytic reduction reaction, and the addition of the conductive carbon improves the conductivity of the catalyst, so that the overpotential of the catalyst in the carbon dioxide electro-catalytic reduction reaction is obviously reduced. The ball milling process causes more defect sites on the surface of the conductive carbon material, and simultaneously the cyanamide copper is decomposed into the cyanamide copper in the ball milling process. Interact with defect phases in the conductive carbon material in the ball milling process, so that the structural stability of the catalyst is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an HRTEM image of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 1 (a) is an HRTEM image of a catalyst and fig. 1 (b) is a microscopic Cu 3 N lattice of the catalyst.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
In a first aspect, some embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing a supported copper nitride catalyst, where the method includes the following steps:
mixing cyanamide copper and conductive carbon material, ball milling,
The rotation speed of the ball milling is 500r/min-5000r/min, and the ball milling time is 1h-24h;
The mass ratio of the cyanamide copper to the conductive carbon material is 1-10:1-10.
In the method, conductive carbon material and cyanamide copper are added for ball milling, and firstly, decomposition of cyanamide copper can be realized to generate Cu 3 N; secondly, ball milling promotes the conductive carbon to generate defect sites, which is favorable for Cu 3 N to be stably loaded on the defect sites of the conductive carbon material. Thirdly, the ball milling can realize that Cu 3 N is loaded on the surface of the conductive carbon material, thereby being beneficial to improving the conductivity of the final catalyst. In summary, the method of the invention can simultaneously improve the conductivity and the structural stability of the catalyst, not only can improve the catalytic activity of the catalyst, but also can improve the selectivity of the catalyst to C 2H4 products in the carbon dioxide electroreduction process.
In the invention, the structural stability of the catalyst is the basis of the catalytic activity of the catalyst, and in order to further improve the structural stability, the rotating speed of ball milling, the ball milling time and the addition quality of raw materials are also set in the invention. On one hand, the catalyst is used for adjusting the load, and when the load is too small, the improvement effect on the catalyst is poor; the addition amount is too large, so that the addition amount cannot be dispersed in the ball milling process, the loading effect is affected, and the structural stability between the loaded substance and the loaded substance is poor after ball milling. The connection between the supported material and the supported material is improved by the proper ball milling speed and ball milling time, and the stability of the catalyst structure is improved by the selection of the proper ball milling speed, ball milling time and the addition quality of the raw materials.
In some embodiments, the method of mixing the copper cyanamide (CuNCN) with the conductive carbon material is selected from one of the i scheme-ii scheme:
scheme i: mixing cyanamide copper and conductive carbon materials;
ii scheme: preparing a cyanamide copper precursor and ammonia water into a complexing solution, adding a conductive carbon material into the complexing solution, mixing with a cyanamide solution, stirring, precipitating, filtering, washing and drying.
In some embodiments, the concentration of ammonia in the ii scheme is 1mol/L.
In some embodiments, the complexing solution in the scheme ii further comprises deionized water, and the volume ratio of ammonia water to deionized water is 1:10.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of balls to cyanamide copper and conductive carbon material during ball milling is 5-15:1.
In some embodiments, the cyanamide copper precursor in the ii scheme includes one or more of CuCl (cuprous chloride), cuCl 2 (cupric chloride), cu (NO 3)2 (cupric nitrate), cuSO 4 (cupric sulfate).
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the cyanamide copper precursor, the cyanamide, and the conductive carbon in the ii scheme is 5:5:2.
In some embodiments, the concentration of the conductive carbon material in the complexing solution in the ii protocol is between 1mg/mL and 3mg/mL.
In some embodiments, the stirring in scheme ii is for a period of time ranging from 4min to 6min.
In some embodiments, the specific method of washing in scheme ii: the filtered precipitate was washed with deionized water at least 2 times.
In some embodiments, the drying temperature in scheme ii is from 70 ℃ to 90 ℃ and the drying time is from 1h to 10h.
In some embodiments, the conductive carbon material comprises one or more of graphene, carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive carbon fibers.
In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present invention provide carbon dioxide electro-reduction catalysts obtained by the preparation method.
In a third aspect, some embodiments of the present invention provide the use of the catalyst obtained by the preparation method in the electroreduction of carbon dioxide.
Further description will be provided below in connection with specific examples.
Example 1:
245.7mg of CuCl is added into a conical flask containing 50mL of deionized water, 5mL of concentrated ammonia water is added into the conical flask, and stirring is carried out for 20min to form a uniform blue complexing solution. 480mg of a 50% by mass aqueous solution of cyanamide was then added to a beaker containing 50mL of deionized water and stirred to form a homogeneous solution. 50mL of diluted aqueous cyanamide solution was added to the Cu complex solution, vigorously stirred for 5min, forming a uniform black suspension, filtered, and washed with deionized water. The black solid obtained was dried in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ for 1 h to obtain CuNCN.
500Mg CuNCN solids, 500mg carbon fibers and 100mg deionized water were added to a ball milling tank. And then placing the ball milling tank in a ball mill to run for 12 hours at 2000rpm, thus obtaining the Cu 3 N catalyst loaded by the carbon fiber, which is marked as Cu 3 N-CF-1.
The method for testing the electrocatalytic reduction performance of carbon dioxide comprises the following steps: taking 3mg of Cu 3 N-CF-1 sample, dispersing in 1mL of isopropanol solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, adding 10 mu L of 5% Nafion solution as a binder, continuing ultrasonic treatment for 20min, taking 50 mu LCu 3 N-CF-1 dispersion, dripping the dispersion on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode with the diameter of 6mm, airing, placing the glassy carbon electrode in an H-type electrolytic cell, using a platinum wire as a counter electrode, taking Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode, separating a cathode cavity and an anode cavity by Nafion 117 membranes, adding 40mL of KHCO 3 solution into the cathode cavity and the anode cavity respectively, introducing 20mL/min CO 2 gas into the cathode, and testing the carbon dioxide electrocatalytic reduction performance of Cu 3 N-CF-1 under different potentials. The gaseous products were quantitatively analyzed using on-line gas chromatography.
Example 2
The ball milling conditions in example 1 were changed to 2000rpm and run for 10 hours, the remaining conditions were kept in accordance with example 1, and the resulting catalyst was designated as Cu 3 N-CF-2. The carbon dioxide electrocatalytic reduction performance test method was consistent with example 1.
Example 3:
The conditions of the example 1 were completely identical to those of the example 1 except that 500mg of the conductive carbon fiber was replaced with 125mg of the conductive carbon fiber, and the obtained graphene-supported Cu 3 N catalyst was designated as Cu 3 N-CF-3. The carbon dioxide electrocatalytic reduction performance test method was consistent with example 1.
Example 4:
500mg of the conductive carbon fiber in example 1 was replaced with 125mg of the conductive carbon fiber, the ball milling conditions were changed to 2000rpm and operated for 20 hours, and the remaining conditions were kept the same as in example 1, and the obtained catalyst was designated as Cu 3 N-CF-4. The carbon dioxide electrocatalytic reduction performance test method was consistent with example 1.
Comparative example 1:
the preparation of copper cyanamide (CuNCN) in comparative example 1 was identical to that of example 1. And (3) taking 100mg of cyanamide copper solid, putting the cyanamide copper solid into a glass tube or a quartz tube with one sealed end, and sealing the cyanamide copper solid into the glass tube or the quartz tube. Then, the glass tube or the quartz tube filled with the cyanamide copper is put into a muffle furnace, and is respectively heated to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, kept for 1h, and naturally cooled. The resulting catalyst was labeled Cu 3 N-NC. The carbon dioxide electrocatalytic reduction performance test method was consistent with example 1.
Analysis of results
Table 1 test results of examples and comparative examples
The catalyst was successfully obtained by the method of the present invention, and the catalyst of the present invention was subjected to carbon dioxide reduction performance test, and the test results are shown in table 1. As can be seen from table 1, the catalyst performance of each of inventive examples 1 to 4 was significantly better than that of comparative example 1. The selectivity of the supported Cu 3 N nanoparticle catalyst prepared by the ball milling method to C 2H4 is more than 10% higher than that of comparative example 1, the current density is increased by more than 10mA/cm 2, and the stability is improved by more than 5 hours.
By the ball milling method, cuNCN is decomposed successfully, and meanwhile, the ball milling is beneficial to generating defects of the conductive carbon material, so that the Cu 3 N nano particles obtained by CuNCN decomposition are supported. On the basis, the ball milling also promotes the stable connection of the conductive carbon material and the catalyst, thereby improving the conductivity of the catalyst, and the Cu 3 N nano-particles are uniformly dispersed on the carbon nanofiber as can be verified from the figure 1.
In order to realize the structural stability of the catalyst, the ball milling parameters and the mass ratio of CuNCN to conductive carbon are further regulated and controlled as shown in examples 1-4 in table 1. When CuNCN and conductive carbon quality, ball milling time and ball milling rotating speed are changed, the performance of the catalyst is affected. Comparison of example 1 with example 3 shows that as the mass ratio of CuNCN to conductive carbon increases, the performance and stability of the catalyst decreases, probably because too much CuNCN decomposes to produce Cu 3 N nanoparticles, resulting in too large a loading and uneven dispersion, thereby affecting the catalyst performance. However, as a result of comparison between example 3 and example 4, it was found that the dispersion of Cu 3 N nanoparticles could be achieved by increasing the ball milling speed, thereby improving the influence due to the excessively large mass ratio of the added amount; from a comparison of example 2 and example 4, it was found that the catalyst performance could be further improved by adjusting the ball milling time. It is possible that it is advantageous to sufficiently disperse and nanoparticle by extending the ball milling time and the ball milling rotation speed, thereby facilitating the nanoparticle to form a stable connection at the defect.
In summary, the method of the invention successfully obtains a catalyst with stable structure and good conductivity.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the supported copper nitride catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing cyanamide copper and conductive carbon material, ball milling,
The rotation speed of the ball milling is 500r/min-5000r/min, and the ball milling time is 1h-24h;
The mass ratio of the cyanamide copper to the conductive carbon material is 1-10:1-10.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of mixing the cyanamide copper and the conductive carbon material is selected from one of the i scheme-ii scheme:
Scheme i: mechanically mixing the cyanamide copper and the conductive carbon material;
ii scheme: preparing a cyanamide copper precursor and ammonia water into a complexing solution, adding a conductive carbon material into the complexing solution, mixing with a cyanamide solution, stirring, precipitating, filtering, washing and drying.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the balls to the cyanamide copper and the conductive carbon material during ball milling is 5-15:1.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the concentration of ammonia in the ii scheme is 0.2mol/L;
In the scheme ii, the complexing solution also comprises deionized water, and the volume ratio of the ammonia water to the deionized water is 1:10.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the cyanamide copper precursor, the cyanamide and the conductive carbon material in the scheme ii is 5:5:2.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the concentration of the conductive carbon material in the complexing solution in scheme ii is between 1mg/mL and 3mg/mL.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the stirring in scheme ii is for a period of 4min to 6min.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the drying in scheme ii is performed at a temperature of 70 ℃ to 90 ℃ for a time of 1h to 10h.
9. A carbon dioxide electro-reduction catalyst obtained by the production method of claim 1 to claim 8.
10. Use of the catalyst obtained by the preparation process of claims 1-8 in the electroreduction of carbon dioxide.
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