CN117916461A

CN117916461A - Multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and method for water (liquid) turbine water pumping and draining (liquid) driving energy conversion

Info

Publication number: CN117916461A
Application number: CN202280056147.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈兴茂
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-05
Filing date: 2023-10-22
Publication date: 2024-04-19
Also published as: WO2024051859A1; CN115478973A

Abstract

A multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and a method for water turbine pumping and drainage driving energy conversion comprise a heavy-load reservoir (2), one or more water turbines (1, 4), a side pressure buffer structure of the heavy-load reservoir and a load facility, a heavy-load buffer device at the bottom of the heavy-load reservoir, a side pressure buffer hydraulic system device of the inner wall of the heavy-load reservoir and the load facility, and a common reservoir (3).

Description

Multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and method for water (liquid) turbine water pumping and draining (liquid) driving energy conversion

Technical field:

The invention relates to the field of multi-scale energy storage, in particular to a multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and a method for converting pumping and draining driving energy of a water turbine (namely a hydraulic generator or a hydraulic generator hydraulic turbine, abbreviated as a water turbine, hereinafter the same) between gravitational potential energy and electric energy.

The background technology is as follows:

"carbon reaching peak, carbon neutralization" is significant in sustainable development and environmental protection, climate change, perpetual long-lasting and happy well-being of all human beings and the sustainable development of guaranteeing energy, optimizing energy structure, energy conservation, optimizing the quality of electric energy, reducing the waste of electric energy, etc.; the energy storage is important in China and the global 'carbon reaching peak, carbon neutralization'; the integrated energy storage system has the advantages that the integrated energy storage system is an important support for achieving the aims of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, and the energy storage system has great effects on wind power, solar power generation, electric power peak clipping and valley filling, electric energy quality improvement, reliability improvement, electric network characteristic improvement, renewable energy source requirement satisfaction and the like, and the economical feasibility or benefit efficiency improvement of the electric power system for the energy storage system.

The energy storage device/facility is a device/facility for storing energy, and the energy storage device/facility generally comprises pumped storage, flywheel storage, compressed air storage, hydrogen and other synthetic fuel storage, electrochemical storage, capacitor storage, heat energy storage, superconducting storage, power system self storage and the like, wherein the pumped storage is the most advantageous, efficient and large-capacity energy storage technology in a large-scale energy storage technology and the current market, and is the most mature, reliable, safe and long-service-life energy storage technology, but is more lossy than the technology of the patent. The hydrogen and other synthetic fuels have high energy storage cost, are inflammable and explosive; the flywheel has limited energy storage capacity, high loss, insufficient energy density, high self-discharge rate and limited storage time; the electrochemical energy storage cost is high, part of the electrochemical energy storage has heating problems, and the service life of the electrochemical energy storage device is much shorter than that of the pumped storage device in the scheme of the patent; the compressed air energy storage is suitable for limited occasions, the efficiency is low, and the heat generated by gas compression is much; the scheme of the patent has the advantages of high energy storage loss of the capacitor, easy self-discharge, high cost and longer service life than the scheme of the patent which is as long as the pumped storage; the superconducting energy storage energy density is low, and certain self-discharge exists; the self-loss of heat energy storage is large, and the occasion and place limitation is large; the chemical energy storage efficiency is low and the cost is high; other energy storage modes for the masses have a plurality of disadvantages which cause difficulty in large-scale popularization, and the like.

The multi-scale gravity energy storage mode driven by water turbine pumping and draining has the advantages of high comprehensive efficiency, huge energy storage (also multi-scale), flexibility and reliability, multiple operation conditions, long service life, quick energy conversion, low comprehensive cost of the energy storage and energy conversion modes with high competitive power in the service life, and the water storage mode has the advantages of difficult site selection, often in remote suburbs, high construction cost, difficult detachment and arrangement, difficult transportation, difficult wire erection, force demand and anti-seepage, easy evaporation, long construction period, large loss (compared with the technology of the patent), and the like, and the difficult construction caused by the wild rubbings.

The multi-scale gravity energy storage facility not only basically takes the advantages of pumped storage into consideration and basically overcomes the defects of the pumped storage, but also can take the multi-scale energy storage modes such as ultra-large scale, medium scale, small scale energy storage and the like into consideration, and basically can realize extremely low leakage loss and even realize no leakage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and a method for water turbine water pumping and drainage driving energy conversion, which are used for solving the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a multi-scale gravity energy storage facility for water turbine pumping and drainage driving energy conversion, comprising a facility for storing energy by rock, sand or ore (including but not limited to relatively high density lean iron ore, copper ore, lead and zinc ore, manganese ore, and the like which are difficult to economically utilize), soil, earth (the upper part of heavy load in a heavy load reservoir 2 needs to be sealed with a sealing cover sealing structure when the soil and the earth are used), and gravity of high density substances (including composite and hybrid substances), wherein the facility comprises a heavy load or overweight substance, a solid container for heavy load or overweight substance, a container shell, a plurality of closed separation structures (closed liquid is used for buffering, including abrasion-resistant aging-resistant damage-resistant seals, a resisting plate, a spring, a maintenance convenience structure, and the like) for protecting the side surface of the container from heavy load and through water or other liquid partial pressure, a heavy load bearing bottom plate, a bearing bottom plate boss, and the like. After the heavy load falls to the bottom, the hydraulic buffer device at the bottom comprises: the side frame shape of the bottom boss is anti-collision and enlarged, and is a water sealing (liquid sealing) ring with a descending height, a water sealing (liquid sealing) partition frame in the bottom boss, a sealing strip in the partition frame, a sealing strip retaining plate in the partition frame, a retaining plate spring, a buffer backing plate under the bottom spring and the like.

The multi-scale gravity energy storage facility for the water pumping and draining driving energy conversion of the whole water turbine consists of a heavy-load bearing reservoir 2, a reversible water turbine 1, a common reservoir 3, a reversible water turbine 4 and a hydraulic system 5 for bearing the liquid pressure of the equally divided side face of the heavy-load bearing reservoir 2.

Further, the reservoir 2 subjected to heavy load is fixedly connected with the reversible hydraulic turbine 1 (or the hydraulic turbine 1, which is the same herein) after passing through a water hammer preventing device (which is installed on a pipeline on the ground) and an electric valve in sequence.

Further, the reversible water turbine 1 (or the water turbine 1, which is the same as the water turbine 1) is fixedly communicated with the bottom or the lower part of the reservoir 3 through a pipeline by an electric valve;

Further, the reservoir 3 is fixedly communicated with the reversible water turbine 4 (or the water turbine 4, which is the same herein) through a pipeline by an electrically operated valve.

Further, the reversible hydraulic turbine 4 (or the hydraulic turbine 4, which is the same as the present description) is fixedly communicated with the heavy-load bearing reservoir 2 through a pipeline sequentially through an electric valve and a water hammer preventing device.

The hydraulic system (see fig. 5) is composed of a water tank, an electric valve, a filter, a bidirectional variable hydraulic pump, a one-way valve, an overflow valve, an electromagnetic directional valve, a pressure gauge (pressure indicator), an accumulator, a pressure relay, and the like (see fig. 5 for the following connection).

Further, the water tank is fixedly connected with the electric valve;

further, the electric valve is fixedly connected with the filter;

Further, the filter is connected with the bidirectional variable hydraulic pump;

further, one branch of the bidirectional variable hydraulic pump is fixedly connected with the one-way valve, and the other branch is sequentially and fixedly connected with the overflow valve and the water tank

Further, the one-way valve is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic reversing valve;

Further, the electromagnetic directional valve is fixedly connected with a pressure gauge (pressure indicator), an energy accumulator and two pressure relays in sequence;

Further, the gap separation chamber unit is fixedly connected with the side surface of the reservoir 2 (reservoir bearing heavy load) bearing lateral water (liquid) pressure through the pressure relay.

A multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and method for water (liquid) turbine water pumping and draining (liquid) driving energy conversion, which uses a device for interconverting gravitational potential energy and electric energy, comprises the following steps:

S1, a hydraulic system 5 taking water (liquid) as a medium on the side surface of a heavy load and a reservoir 2 supplies water and pressure to the sealing water (liquid) separation space (so as to prevent the heavy load from leaning to one side to form dotted line contact, and the heavy load container and a heavy load energy storage pool are in surface contact through side surface water pressure when the heavy load is inclined);

S2, lifting heavy load of the reservoir 2, so that the heavy load potential energy is increased: the reversible water turbine obtains electric energy from a power grid to start the reversible water turbine and transmit water to the bearing reservoir 2, the water (liquid) quantity at the lower part of the reservoir 2 is increased, the water (liquid) pressure is increased, and the heavy load is increased;

S3, stopping at any time during the ascending of the heavy load, or triggering a travel switch 281 by a travel stop when the heavy load reaches the maximum lift (using a plurality of travel stops and travel switches for safety, connecting the travel switch in series in a reversible water turbine starting and stopping circuit to realize multiple safety, adding visual monitoring and manual monitoring on the upper part of the heavy load, and adding a transparent liquid communicating vessel led out from the top of the heavy load in FIG. 9 to monitor the liquid level of the upper part of the heavy load) so as to realize the stopping of the ascending of the heavy load;

S4, the upper part on one heavy load side possibly abuts against the upper part on the same side of the water storage tank 2 before ascending, or the upper part on one heavy load side abuts against the upper part of the water storage tank on the same side in the process of water delivery from the reversible water turbine to the water storage tank 2, and the lower part on the same side of the heavy load is far away from the water storage tank 2. When the heavy load leans against the reservoir 2, the pressure of water (liquid) at the side face increases to exceed the set value of the pressure relay, meanwhile, the position distance sensor senses that the distance is reduced to exceed the set value, the position distance sensor relay also works, and the bidirectional variable hydraulic pump supplies water (liquid) to the closed cavity at the front side face of the reservoir 2 under program control so as to increase the pressure to the set pressure of the pressure relay, so that the side face of the reservoir 2 is stressed uniformly in the cavity elevation and is not knocked.

When the space between the outer vertical wall of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir 2 at a certain part of one side is increased, the hydraulic system 5 supplements liquid (such as water) to the corresponding cavity unit between the outer vertical wall of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir 2 through the electromagnetic directional valve which moves leftwards and through the speed regulating valve due to the potential energy pressure action of self-absorption, air pressure and water (when the liquid is supplemented to the side cavity with reduced clearance to regulate the heavy-load container, the liquid in the cavity with the clearance exceeding the rated value is discharged to the water tank through the electromagnetic directional valve which moves leftwards and the speed regulating valve at proper speed and proper pressure, namely the liquid is extruded); the purpose of the liquid replenishing (such as water replenishing) of the corresponding cavity unit is to prevent the heavy-load container from suddenly turning (under the action of the liquid pressure at the lower part of the heavy-load energy storage tank 2) when the heavy-load container moves, namely, the space between the outer vertical wall of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir suddenly turns from a larger space to a small space, even a collision phenomenon occurs, and the scheme is to prevent the sudden collision between the two;

S5, when the energy storage is stopped, stopping and braking the reversible water turbine (one or more, the same applies herein), then closing an electric valve between the water turbine and the reservoir 2, and enabling a plurality of water hammer preventing devices in the pipeline to prevent fluid hydraulic impact;

And S6, when the heavy gravitational potential energy required to be stored is converted into electric energy, opening a special electric valve of the reversible water turbine, starting the reversible water turbine (one or more of which are the same as the present text) to generate electricity, and discharging water (fluid liquid) into the reservoir 3 by the water turbine.

S7, the reversible water turbine drives the generator to generate power and simultaneously supplies power to the power grid;

And S8, when the water quantity (fluid) in the reservoir 3 is evaporated or lost or reduced, opening the corresponding electric valve, and starting a water supplementing bidirectional hydraulic pump (see the lower right corner of the figure 1) to supplement water for the reservoir 3.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) By driving the reversible hydraulic turbine(s) (one or more, as described herein) by the electric power of the electric network, the water is pumped from the reservoir 3 into the lower portion of the reservoir 2, and the heavy load on the upper portion of the reservoir 2 rises along the inner wall of the reservoir 2 under the pressure of the water (fluid) pumped by the reversible hydraulic turbine, the multi-scale electric energy (which may be ultra-large, medium-scale or small-scale electric energy) is converted into the heavy-load multi-scale potential energy (which may be ultra-large, medium-scale or small-scale heavy-load potential energy), and the safety conditions, such as geological safety, breakage prevention of the heavy-load energy storage pool and related parts of the energy storage system, and the like are considered.

(2) By loading the fluid (water) in the reservoir 2 with the pressure of the heavy load, the pressure of the fluid (water) is increased, and the power generated therein is pushed to rotate by the rapid water pressure, thereby generating electricity.

(3) The water (liquid) supply hydraulic system 5 for supplying water (liquid) to the cavity separated between the outer side of the heavy load container and the inner side of the reservoir 2 can provide water (liquid) with pressure to the separated cavity so as to prevent the heavy load from colliding with the reservoir 2 in a dotted line shape when the heavy load rises due to the water pumping amount of the water turbine, so that the heavy load outer standing wall and the inner standing wall of the reservoir 2 are uniformly and uniformly pressed;

Preferably the other scheme is as follows: (see figure 7) structural members 219 for overhauling and replacing sealing strips by removing the abrasion-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strips 215, the spring supporting blocks 216, the springs 217 and the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device; then, the outer side of the heavy-load container is matched with the inner side of the heavy-load reservoir 2 with a small clearance so as to reduce the lateral pressure of the heavy-load reservoir 2 caused by slight inclination of the heavy-load container, and antifriction is carried out by substances with small friction coefficient, such as water and other liquids, and the structure is shown in figure 7 (the heavy-load reservoir with a cavity between the side walls with small clearance);

Yet another preferred embodiment is: (see figure 8) the parts above on the outer side of the heavy-duty container are removed, then a plurality of supporting structural supporting rollers (including other rolling bodies and rollers, which are the same in the previous and later descriptions) are arranged in the gap between the outer side wall of the heavy-duty container and the inner wall of the heavy-duty energy storage tank 2, so that the supporting acting force of the heavy-duty energy storage tank 2 on the heavy-duty container is generated, and the friction is reduced by rolling, and the structure is shown in figure 8 (the heavy-duty energy storage tank with the rollers arranged in the space between the side walls of the small gap).

(4) The cavity between the heavy-load outer vertical wall and the inner vertical wall of the reservoir 2 is separated, a sealing strip is used for separating the gap (forming a separated cavity), and a spring and a supporting block (a top block) are used for supporting tightly to prevent leakage, so that the heavy-load outer vertical wall and the inner vertical wall of the reservoir 2 are uniformly and uniformly pressed;

(5) The cistern 2 need fall to contact cistern 2 bottom in the heavy load during overhauling, and cistern 2 bottom boss supports the heavy load promptly this moment, needs to carry on equipartition to heavy load bearing facility container base and cistern 2 bottom boss pressure this moment, and the scheme is: the bottom boss of the reservoir 2 is required to be separated into a grid shape or a strip shape, a separation cavity is divided in the separation interval, water (liquid) is stored in the separation cavity, the plane of the boss is uniformly supported by the water (liquid) in the separation cavity to protect the bottom boss of the reservoir 2, the annular frame of the outer ring of the boss of the bottom of the reservoir 2 is larger than the boss under the loading container, the height of the annular frame is lower than that of a separation sealing strip in a separation cavity in the boss at the bottom of the reservoir 2, so that the boss is prevented from colliding with the separation sealing strip under the loading container, and the separation sealing strip is propped up by a propping block (a jacking block) and a spring.

(5) Because the facility has higher height, a lightning rod integrated system connected in parallel is additionally arranged.

(6) An additional water supplementing bidirectional variable hydraulic pump (see the lower right corner device of fig. 1) and a ladder are added to the reservoir 3 without heavy loading, and a lifter and the like are added to the top of the reservoir 3.

(7) The heavy-duty energy storage tank 2 is internally provided with an openable structure (namely, an openable structure is that a detection overhaul entrance door is arranged at the lower part of a heavy-duty reservoir (namely, the heavy-duty energy storage tank) and can be opened, when the heavy-duty energy storage tank is closed, the detection overhaul entrance door is closed, namely, the openable structure is shown in a schematic diagram of the detection entrance door and related structure of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 in fig. 4), and the spliced and fully-sealed large water jacket (namely, a large water bag and the front and rear water bags are the same) can greatly prevent leakage (even stop leakage) and ensure that liquid pressure is uniformly transmitted to all parts and parts at the lower part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank 2.

The design ensures that the multi-scale energy storage facility can be reused for large cycle times safely, reliably, for a long time, with high efficiency, high benefit and maintainability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and method for water turbine drainage driving energy conversion according to the present invention; wherein the heavy load material is inside the heavy load energy storage reservoir when the heavy load top is at the highest point; or the heavy load top can be operated to a height (not too high and not endangering safety) which is properly higher than the top of the heavy load energy storage pool under the conditions of long-term safety, long-term reliability, long-term stability, no risk for long term, safety protection and the like. Both the above two modes are required: simultaneously, the positions of the travel stop blocks matched with the travel switches capable of triggering automatic alarming are increased to the top dead center, and when any one of the travel stop blocks touches any corresponding travel switch or related devices are touched at the same time, an alarm can be triggered and heavy-load ascending can be stopped automatically; the safety warning device is characterized in that a plurality of high-point approaching reminding travel switches are arranged below the safety warning device, manual warning measures and related stopping devices which approach to the high point and reach the high point are further arranged, namely, a plurality of measures are adopted to ensure the safety (particularly, the total amount of water or liquid in a pool is strictly controlled so as to ensure that heavy load is not pushed too high when the water is stored, and thus, heavy load is not caused to pass through a highest dead point and fall to the ground when the water is stored), the safety warning device is another measure for ensuring the safety of facilities and equipment, particularly, rain, snow and other factors for increasing the water amount in the pool are further prevented, and measures for preventing the water amount from increasing and reducing excessively are further added, such as a top cover for preventing the water amount from changing and a safety water level line device are added, and the measures and schemes of automatic warning, automatic stopping, manual observation, manual stopping and the like are added to comprehensively ensure the measures.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heavy duty reservoir 2 of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a partially enlarged structure of a foldable fully-sealed water jacket of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inspection access door and related structure of the heavy duty reservoir 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 shows a collision-proof hydraulic system of the invention for separating a heavy load from a gap between sides of a reservoir 2.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a structural member 219 (four modifications are exemplified: 219 (a), 219 (B), 219 (C) and 219 (D), but not limited to these four) for overhauling and replacing a heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device and a sealing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows a heavy-duty accumulator with small-gap sidewall cavities (the side small-gap cavities between the heavy-duty and heavy-duty accumulator are filled with antifriction substances, such as antifriction lubricating liquid, or the like, or the two are only good smooth small-gap fit without placing antifriction substances).

FIG. 8 shows a heavy-duty accumulator with rollers disposed in the cavities between the side walls of the small-gap accumulator (rolling bodies with small friction, such as rollers, are disposed in the cavities between the heavy-duty accumulator and the heavy-duty accumulator.

Fig. 9 shows a multi-scale energy storage facility (a small vent hole is arranged on a sealing cover at the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank) for pumping and draining water (liquid) between the bottom and the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank for energy storage and power generation, and a cavity at the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank is communicated with atmospheric pressure for balancing the atmospheric pressure of an air inlet body and an air outlet body when the water turbine pumps water (liquid) between the bottom and the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank for energy storage and power generation.

Fig. 10 shows a heavy-load energy storage pool in which high-pressure hydraulic hoses are vertically placed between the side walls of the heavy-load energy storage pool (the high-pressure hydraulic hoses at the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage pool are longer to facilitate the up-and-down movement of the heavy load, and the phenomenon of stretch-break caused by limited pulling does not occur).

Fig. 11 is a partial view of a side cavity of a heavy load energy storage tank with a high pressure hydraulic hose vertically placed between side walls of the heavy load energy storage tank (the high pressure hydraulic hose at the upper part of the heavy load energy storage tank is longer to facilitate the up-and-down movement of the heavy load, and the phenomenon of breaking due to limited pulling is avoided).

Fig. 12 is a partial view of a heavy-duty energy storage pool with a water jacket and attached laminated plates (the uppermost plate and the lowermost plate of the laminated plates in a lower cavity of the heavy-duty energy storage pool are fastened on the inner wall of the heavy-duty energy storage pool through bolts, and meanwhile, through slidable bolts with sliding grooves and empty sleeves arranged on the laminated plates, the laminated plates can move and slide with each other).

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of a heavy-duty accumulator with attached superimposed plates with a water jacket (the water jacket is a specially made water jacket (i.e., water bag) with reinforcing ribs (e.g., steel wires, etc.) of high strength and soft and large enough to be heavy-duty and up to the top dead center, and the superimposed plates are provided with a chute and bolts that are fastened to one of the two superimposed plates and to the other of the two superimposed plates that are connected by being spaced apart from each other, even though the superimposed plates are movable and slidable relative to each other

Fig. 14 shows a liquid (or water) delivery mode in which the reservoir 3 is arranged at the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage pool, wherein the water turbine is a reversible water turbine or a combination of a water turbine for pumped storage and a hydraulic generator for water discharge power generation. Wherein the heavy load mass is inside the heavy load reservoir when the heavy load top is at its highest point. The application modes of the two water turbines are as follows: simultaneously, the positions of the travel stop blocks matched with the travel switches capable of triggering automatic alarming are increased to the top dead center, and when any one of the travel stop blocks touches any corresponding travel switch or related devices are touched at the same time, an alarm can be triggered and heavy-load ascending can be stopped automatically; and a plurality of reminding travel switches close to the high point are arranged below the alarm device to trigger the alarm device, and then manual alarm measures close to the high point and reaching the high point and related stopping devices are arranged, namely, a plurality of measure safety measures are adopted to ensure the safety.

One scheme of the water (liquid) conveying pipeline upper end outlet of the water (liquid) conveying mode of the water (or water) conveying mode of the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage tank in the water (liquid) conveying mode of the water storage tank in the figure 14 is that the water (liquid) conveying pipeline upper end outlet is arranged at the top of the heavy-load energy storage tank, and a high-strength, high-reliability, wear-resistant, ageing-resistant and damage-resistant hose is connected to the water (liquid) conveying pipeline upper end outlet; another proposal is that the hose is arranged on the side surface of the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage pool, and the outlet of the upper end of the pipeline for conveying water liquid is connected with a hose with high strength, high reliability, wear resistance, aging resistance and damage resistance (the hose is arranged on a guiding device or a guide rail or a correcting device, so that the hose can stably and reliably move to ensure that the hose can always normally and reliably convey water when the hose runs up and down under heavy load). The two schemes are connected with the hose, so that the water (liquid) at the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage pool can be basically pumped out when the water turbine pumps the water (liquid) at the lower part of the heavy-load energy storage pool to store energy, and the energy storage capacity is maximized; the third scheme is that the outlet at the upper end of the water (liquid) delivery pipeline is positioned at the top end of the heavy-load energy storage pool, a matched long counter bore is opened at the corresponding position at the upper part of the heavy load, and the radial dimension and the length of the long counter bore are larger than those of the matched water delivery pipeline, so that the water (liquid) can be pumped out of the water delivery pipeline during water pumping energy storage, the energy storage capacity is maximized, and devices for filtering, impurity removal and the like for preventing sundries, foreign matters, solid matters and the like from falling into the long counter bore are additionally arranged; the other scheme is that an outlet at the upper end of a pipeline for conveying water (liquid) is arranged on the side surface of the middle part or the middle lower part of the heavy-load energy storage pool, a water guide groove is arranged on the corresponding side surface of the heavy-load container or the corresponding inner side surface of the heavy-load energy storage pool, and safety indexes such as high strength, high durability, high reliability, high fatigue resistance and the like of the heavy-load container, the heavy-load energy storage pool and various pumped storage related facilities and equipment are ensured, and the heavy-load container and the heavy-load energy storage pool are required to be matched with each other and the heavy-load energy storage pool are required to be manufactured; the first three schemes are preferably recommended here. Another way is to change the water hose of fig. 14 into a telescopic water (liquid) delivery pipe (such as a hard pipe), and the water (liquid) delivery pipe is extended or contracted along with the heavy load descending and ascending, and can always discharge water and absorb water and deliver water (or liquid). Still another way is to design the top cover plate at the upper part of fig. 14 as a movable and floatable floating cover plate, the cover plate floats under the action of heavy-load upper liquid along with the ascending and descending of heavy load (as shown in fig. 14), and meanwhile, the water (liquid) conveying pipeline can always convey water (liquid) when the water turbine operates, so that the gravity energy storage facility can always store energy and generate electricity to release energy.

The description and drawings and other descriptions of related equipment, parts and components are as follows:

In fig. 1: 1. a water turbine; 2. a heavy-duty reservoir; 3. a common reservoir; 4. a water turbine; 5. the heavy load and the side of the reservoir 2 are separated into separate chambers;

In fig. 2: 210. the heavy-duty reservoir 2 overhauls the entrance door and door lifting device; 211. an electric valve; 212. a waterproof hammer device; 213. a heavy-duty reservoir wall reinforcing structure; 214 (a plurality of, e.g., 214-1 and 214-2), a distance position sensor mounting point for sensing the distance between the front point of the structural member 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall of the heavy-duty container and the corresponding point of the wear-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container (a sensor is arranged at the position, opposite to the front point 219, of the indication point of 214, of the vertical strip-shaped distance from the top to the bottom of the heavy-duty container); 215. wear-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strips; 216. a spring supporting block; 217. a spring; 218. wear-resistant and damage-resistant lining wall of heavy-duty container; 219. the outer wall of the heavy-duty container also serves as a structural component for overhauling and replacing the sealing device; 220. carrying out heavy load; 221. the inner wall of the heavy-duty container; 222. a heavy-duty container sealing baffle wall and a heavy-duty container reinforcing wall; 223. a lightning arrester; 224. a hydraulic pipe; 225. an electric valve; 226 water hammer preventing device; 227. a boss at the bottom of the heavy-duty container; 228. the bottom of the heavy-load pool is provided with a hydraulic buffer grid assembly;

In fig. 3: 229. the bottom of the heavy-load pool is respectively loaded with a hydraulic buffer grid sealing strip; 230. the buffer grid springs are used for supporting the load uniformly; 231. a spring; 232. a heavy-duty container liquid sealing water jacket guy cable; 233. a foldable water jacket for sealing liquid of a heavy-duty container; 234. a heavy-duty pool base; 235. a heavy-duty pool reinforcing base; 236. heavy duty base liquid separation cells; 237. the heavy-load base sealing strip supports the block mounting plate; 238. the heavy-load base is provided with buffer plates; 239 heavy-duty bases all carry bearing plates;

In fig. 4: 210-1, lifting device of heavy-duty pool overhaul access door; 210-2, overhauling an entrance door to seal a main structure door frame; 210-4, overhauling an entry door sealing strip; 210-5, overhauling an entry door;

In fig. 5: 501. a water tank; 502. an electric valve; 503. a filter; 504. a bidirectional reversible hydraulic pump; 505. a one-way valve; 506. an electric reversing valve; 507. an indicator or a hydraulic gauge; 508. an accumulator; 509. a first pressure relay (low-pressure relay); 510. a second pressure relay (high-pressure relay); 511. an overflow valve; 539. a speed regulating valve; 512. distance position sensing relays for acquiring the distance between the opposite point (indicated as 214-1 and 214-2 in fig. 2 in 219) of the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the heavy-duty container outer wall and the corresponding point of the heavy-duty container wear-resistant lining wall 218, namely distance position sensing relays for acquiring the distance from 214 (a plurality of sensors 214-1 and 214-2, namely 214-1 and 214-2 by the action between sensors 214-1 (A) and 214-2 (A) which are vertically strip-shaped from top to bottom of the heavy-duty container and various types of sensors 214-1 (B) and 214-2 (B) which can be respectively paired with the sensors in pairs and processing the distance;

In fig. 6: 219-1 is a countersunk bolt hole, 219-2 is a short pin hole, and 219-3 is a screw hole for hoisting.

In fig. 7 (i.e., heavy duty accumulator with small gap sidewall-to-sidewall cavity): reference numeral 250 denotes a small gap cavity between the heavy load container and the heavy load energy storage pool, and the rest marks (such as numerals) are shown in fig. 1 to 6.

In fig. 8 (i.e., a heavy duty accumulator with small gap sidewall-to-sidewall cavities containing rollers): reference numeral 7 denotes a foundation, 250 denotes a small gap cavity between the heavy load container and the heavy load energy storage pool, 251 denotes rolling bodies such as rollers, and the rest marks (such as numerals) are shown in fig. 1 to 6.

In fig. 9 (i.e., a multi-scale energy storage facility in which a water (liquid) wheel generator pumps and drains water (liquid) between the bottom and the upper part of a heavy-duty energy storage tank to store energy and generate electricity): the sealing cover 6 is provided with a small hole for balancing the atmospheric pressure, the sealing cover 7 is provided with a foundation, the sealing cover 9 is provided with a large-caliber infusion tube (such as a water delivery pipe and the like) of the water (liquid) wheel generator, and the rest marks (such as numerical marks and the like) are shown in the figures 1 to 6.

In fig. 10 (high pressure hydraulic hose is vertically placed in heavy load reservoir of the cavity between heavy load reservoir and reservoir side wall): 270 is a high-pressure hydraulic hose for adjusting the size of a side cavity gap between a heavy load and a heavy load energy storage pool and conveying liquid (such as water) to transfer force hydraulically, 6 is a sealing cover with a balance air pressure small hole, 9 is a hydraulic generator infusion tube (such as a water delivery tube), and the rest marks (such as numerals) are marked in the figures 1-6.

In fig. 11 (i.e. the high-pressure hydraulic hose is vertically placed in a partial view of a side cavity of the heavy-load energy storage pool between the side walls of the heavy-load energy storage pool), 270 is a high-pressure hydraulic hose for adjusting the size of a side cavity gap between the heavy-load energy storage pool and conveying liquid (such as water) to transfer force hydraulically, 6 is a sealing cover with a small hole for balancing air pressure, 9 is a transfusion tube (such as a water delivery tube) of the hydraulic generator, and the rest marks (such as numerical marks and the like) are indicated in fig. 1 to 6.

In fig. 13 and in fig. 12 (fig. 13, a partial enlarged view of the heavy-duty accumulator of the hanging laminated plate member with the water jacket) (fig. 12, a partial view of the heavy-duty accumulator of the hanging laminated plate member with the water jacket): 297 is a laminated plate (having a plurality of laminated plates, each plate has a height not higher than the height of the bearing base protruding downwards from the lower part of the heavy-duty container for accommodating heavy load, so as to be beneficial to the situation that the laminated plate is not crushed by the heavy-duty container when the heavy-duty container is folded up, 298 is an empty sleeve type slidable bolt (fixed on one of the two laminated plates, but any two laminated plates can slide mutually), 233 seals the heavy-duty container with a foldable huge water jacket (the total height of the water jacket is larger than or equal to the sum of the travel of the heavy-duty container and the height of the boss protruding downwards from the heavy-duty container, so that the heavy-duty container can rise to the upper dead center without damaging the huge water jacket), and the rest marks (such as numerals mark) are marked in fig. 1 to 6.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions and methods according to the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and other related, phase-changed embodiments not listed are also included in the patent claims of the present invention.

Examples of such embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements throughout, or have like or similar functional elements. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and method for water turbine pumping and drainage driving energy conversion comprises one or more drainage power generation devices 1 (conventional water turbines 1 and 4 with reversible or pumping and drainage in pairs), a heavy-load reservoir system 2 serving as a pumping and energy storage device, a common reservoir 3, and a side collision-preventing buffer hydraulic system device 5 of the inner wall of the reservoir and a heavy-load container.

Referring mainly to fig. 2 and then to fig. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14, reference is made to fig. 2:

The water pumping and storing device reload reservoir system 2 comprises:

The heavy-duty reservoir 2 overhaul access door and door lifting device 210 are positioned outside the front of the heavy-duty reservoir near the base; the electric valve 211 is connected with a waterproof hammer device 212; the water hammer preventing device 212 is connected to the bottom or the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir pool through a pipeline; the heavy-duty reservoir wall reinforcement structure 213 is consolidated with the heavy-duty vessel wear-resistant liner wall 218; the vertical bar-shaped sensed (distance sensor) 214 (a) (a plurality of such as 214-1 (a) and 214-2 (a)) from top to bottom is installed at the opposite point (the position on the 219 member indicated by 214-1 and 214-2 in fig. 2) of the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device inspection and replacement structural member 219 of the heavy-duty container outer vertical face, and the sensor (distance sensor) 214 (B) (a plurality of such as 214-1 (B) and 214-2 (B)) is installed at the opposite point (the position indicated by fig. 2) of the heavy-duty container abrasion-resistant lining wall 218; the wear-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215 is fastened on the spring supporting block 216; the spring propping block 216 is propped up by the spring 217, and the wear-resistant, wear-resistant and ageing-resistant sealing strip 215 is pressed on the wear-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container; the wear-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215, the spring supporting block 216 and the spring 217 are arranged on the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall of the heavy-duty container and the sealing device; the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall and sealing device of the heavy-duty container is tightly pressed and fixedly connected with the reinforced wall 222 of the sealing baffle wall and the heavy-duty container of the heavy-duty container; the heavy load 220 is carried within the heavy load vessel inner wall 221; the lightning arrester 223 is arranged at the top of the heavy-duty reservoir; the hydraulic system 5 is connected with the cavity between the inner wall of the reservoir and the side surface of the heavy-duty container through a plurality of hydraulic pipes (such as hydraulic pipe 224); the electric valve 225 is connected with the waterproof hammer device 226; the water hammer preventing device 226 is connected to the bottom or the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir pool through a pipeline; the bottom boss 227 of the heavy-load container is acted on the bottom of the heavy-load pool through hydraulic pressure (water pressure) to load the hydraulic buffer cell assembly 228 and other parts of the heavy-load pool; 281 is a heavy load and a container top dead center travel switch thereof;

Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, another design scheme of the common reservoir 3 is that a container space is arranged at a position where the upper part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is empty, namely, water at the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is connected to the position in the container where the upper part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is empty through a pipeline, a waterproof hammer device, an electric valve and a water turbine, and a water supplementing (liquid supplementing) facility which is partially similar to the common reservoir 3 or the whole energy storage device from tap water after evaporation or consumption is arranged, and the structure is shown in fig. 9, namely, a multi-scale energy storage facility where the water (liquid) turbine pumps and discharges water (liquid) between the bottom part and the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage pool to store energy and generate electricity;

preferably, as seen in fig. 10, the hydraulic pipe outlet of the hydraulic system 5 connected to the side wall cavity of the heavy load reservoir (i.e., heavy load reservoir, the same applies below) is connected as follows: the hydraulic high-pressure hose (which is bound by a high-strength cable for rust prevention and damage prevention, and prevents the problem of insufficient strength caused by long sagging length of the high-pressure hose) passes through the wear-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215 and the head part of the spring supporting block 216 downwards from the heavy-load energy storage pool 2 beyond the upper part of the hydraulic high-pressure hose (and is sealed at the intersecting part), and is connected to a cavity between the outer side wall of the heavy-load container and the inner wall of the heavy-load energy storage pool 2, which are respectively connected with the high-pressure hose; the high-pressure hydraulic hose is used for conveying pressure-containing liquid (such as water) so as to ensure the pressure-maintaining effect of the liquid (such as water) between the outer vertical wall of the heavy-load container and the cavity of the inner wall of the heavy-load storage tank 2 (namely the heavy-load storage tank 2), so as to ensure that the heavy load is as upright as possible and reduce friction, and the structure is shown in a preferred scheme of fig. 10 (the structure is shown in the specification).

The other scheme of the patent is as follows: see fig. 9 and 10, and the structure is shown in fig. 9 and 10 (fig. 9, water (liquid) wheel generator pumps and drains water (liquid) between the bottom and the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage pool to store energy and generate electricity) (fig. 10, the heavy-duty energy storage pool with the high-pressure hydraulic hose vertically arranged in the cavity between the heavy-duty container and the side wall of the energy storage pool).

Preferably, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the footing and foundation portion of the lower portion of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 with enhanced strength can be embedded to a certain depth below the ground surface (i.e. foundation), so as to strengthen the supporting structure of the outer side portion of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 to support the reduction of the tensile stress of the side wall portion of the heavy-duty reservoir 2, increase the strength of the energy storage system and properly and reasonably reduce the thickness of the outer peripheral portion of the heavy-duty reservoir 2. Otherwise, the side wall part of the heavy-load reservoir 2 needs to be thickened and the strength of the foundation part and the footing part is enhanced, so as to enhance the relevant strength components of the side wall part, the foundation part and the footing part, and the heavy-load reservoir comprises a reinforcing structure 213 for greatly enhancing the side wall of the heavy-load reservoir and an external supporting part and the like, and the structure is shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9 (fig. 8, a heavy-load energy storage pool with rollers arranged in the space between the side walls of the small gaps) (fig. 9, water (liquid)) and a multi-scale energy storage facility for pumping and draining water (liquid) between the bottom and the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage pool for energy storage and power generation of the wheel generator.

Preferably, the overall outline shape of the vertical wall inside the whole heavy-load energy storage tank 2 can be various three-dimensional structures such as cuboid or polyhedral prism or cylinder.

Another preferred embodiment (see fig. 7) is directed to the removal of the anti-collision hydraulic system separating the compartment between the heavy load and the side of the reservoir 2, and the removal of the following components associated with the outside of the heavy load vessel: namely, the abrasion-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215, the spring supporting block 216, the spring 217 and the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall of the heavy-duty container and the sealing device are removed; then, the outer side of the heavy-duty container is matched with the inner side of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 with a small clearance, and the two parts are arranged in a strict vertical direction, so that friction force generated by slight inclination of heavy duty between the two parts is reduced by a related method, the two parts are made of high-wear-resistance materials with wear resistance and corrosion resistance (such as high-wear-resistance steel materials and the like), and are antifriction by water or other substances with small friction coefficients, and the structure is shown in fig. 7 (fig. 7, a heavy-duty energy storage pool with a cavity between side walls with small clearance);

Preferably, see fig. 9 and 10, and still second preferred embodiment two: referring to fig. 8, the related components 215, 216, 217 and 219 are removed, a plurality of rollers are arranged in the gap between the outer side of the heavy-duty container and the inner side of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 to reduce friction force generated by slight inclination of heavy load between the two rollers effectively by rolling friction, and the two components are constructed in a strict vertical direction, and the structure is shown in fig. 8 (fig. 8, the heavy-duty reservoir with the rollers arranged in the cavity between the side walls of the small gap).

(See fig. 9 and 10) in order to prevent volatilization or evaporation of water (or liquid) in the heavy-duty energy storage tank 2 (including the common water storage tank 3), the whole energy storage tank can be sealed except the middle part and the lower part, all parts possibly causing volatilization or evaporation of water (or liquid) can be sealed, and the heavy-duty energy storage tank comprises the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank 2 so as to be beneficial to being used in a water-deficient area, and the structure is shown in fig. 9 and 10 (fig. 9, water (liquid) wheel generator pumps and drains water (liquid) between the bottom and the upper part of the heavy-duty energy storage tank so as to store energy and generate electricity) (fig. 10, a heavy-duty energy storage tank with a cavity between a heavy-duty container and the side wall of the energy storage tank is vertically arranged by a high-pressure hydraulic hose).

A schematic enlarged view of the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is shown in fig. 3:

The heavy-duty pool bottom load-balancing hydraulic buffer cell assembly 228 includes: the bottom of the heavy-load pool is provided with a hydraulic buffer cell sealing strip 229 for uniform load, a buffer cell spring abutting block 230 for uniform load, a spring 231, a heavy-load base liquid separating cavity 236, a heavy-load base sealing strip abutting block mounting plate 237, a heavy-load base uniform load buffer plate 238, a heavy-load base uniform load bearing plate 239 and other components;

The hydraulic buffer cell sealing strip 229 for uniform load at the bottom of the heavy-load pool is fastened on the buffer cell spring supporting block 230 for uniform load;

preferably, the spring 231 compresses the load-balancing buffer cell spring abutment 230;

preferably, heavy-duty pool reinforcement base 235 is fixedly attached to heavy-duty pool base 234;

Preferably, the heavy-load pool bottom equal-load hydraulic buffer cell sealing strip 229, the equal-load buffer cell spring supporting block 230 and the heavy-load pool base sealing strip supporting block mounting plate 237 form a heavy-load pool base liquid separating cavity 236;

preferably, the heavy-load pool reinforcing base 235, the heavy-load pool base 234, the heavy-load pool base sealing strip abutting block mounting plate 237, the heavy-load pool base uniform load buffer plate 238 and the heavy-load pool base uniform load bearing plate 239 are fixedly connected together;

Preferably, the water jacket stay cable 232 for sealing the heavy-duty container is used for pulling the foldable water jacket 233 for sealing the heavy-duty container to slide up and down along with the heavy-duty container;

Preferably, the heavy-duty container outer wall-cum-seal device maintenance replacement structural member 219 is bolted to the heavy-duty container seal retainer wall-cum-heavy-duty container reinforcing wall 222 via countersunk bolt holes 219-1;

preferably, the lower part of the heavy-duty container is connected with a horn device 286 for preventing the heavy-duty container from biting the water jacket in the heavy-duty water reservoir 2;

Preferably, see fig. 12 and 13, a foldable and extensible damage-resistant plate member can be arranged outside the fully-sealed water jacket and the angle-shaped object 286 device for preventing the fully-sealed water jacket from being gnawed, so as to match folding or folding of the fully-sealed water jacket when the heavy-load moves up and down, further match folding related movement and prevent the fully-sealed water jacket from being worn, and prevent the fully-sealed water jacket from being gnawed and damaged, and the structure is shown in fig. 12 and 13 (fig. 12, a partial view of the heavy-load energy storage pool with the attached folding plate member with the water jacket) (fig. 13, a partial enlarged view of the heavy-load energy storage pool with the attached folding plate member with the water jacket).

A schematic diagram of the detection entrance door and related structure 210 of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is shown in fig. 4:

Preferably, the service access door 210-5 is placed within the service access door seal main structure door frame 210-2 and is sealed entirely around with the service access door seal 210-4;

Preferably, the service access door 210-5 is connected or hinged to the lifting device 210-1 of the heavy-duty pool service access door by a hanger or cable; the overhaul entrance door sealing strip 210-4 is sealed with the heavy-duty reservoir by adopting an angle shape or a T shape;

anti-collision hydraulic system of separation chamber between heavy load and side of reservoir 2, please refer to fig. 5:

In fig. 5, an electrically operated valve 502 is connected with a water tank 501 through a hydraulic pipe; the electric valve 502 is connected with the filter 503 through a hydraulic pipeline; the filter 503 is connected with the bidirectional reversible hydraulic pump 504 through a hydraulic pipeline; the bidirectional reversible hydraulic pump 504 is connected with the check valve 505 and the overflow valve 511 through hydraulic pipelines; the one-way valve 505 is connected with the electric reversing valve 506 through a hydraulic pipeline; the electric reversing valve 506 is connected with an indicator or a hydraulic gauge 507 through a hydraulic pipeline; the indicator or the hydraulic gauge 507 is connected with the accumulator 508 through a hydraulic pipeline; the hydraulic pipeline and the accumulator 508 are sequentially connected with a first pressure relay (low-pressure relay) 509, a distance position sensing relay 512, a speed regulating valve 539 and a second pressure relay (high-pressure relay) 510; the second pressure relay (high-pressure relay) 510 is connected to the cavity of the inner side surface of the heavy-load reservoir 2 through a hydraulic pipeline; the vertical long-strip-shaped distance sensor from the top to the bottom of the heavy-duty container is arranged at the corresponding point on the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the sealing device on the outer vertical surface of the heavy-duty container, meanwhile, the distance sensor for detecting the distance is arranged at the corresponding point on the abrasion-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container in pairs with the distance sensor, namely, a plurality of distance sensors (such as 214-1 (B) and 214-2 (B)) are arranged at the positions indicated by 214, and a plurality of distance sensors (such as 214-1 (A) and 214-2 (A)) are arranged at the positions indicated by 214, and the distance between the sensors and 214-1 (A) and 214-1 (B), 214-2 (A) and 214-2 (B) are respectively arranged at the two sides of the cavities of the anti-collision full liquid of the side vertical wall of each heavy-duty container, and each cavity can be connected with a set of hydraulic system 5 to adjust the distance between the side surface of the heavy-duty container and the cavity, and the other program-controlled liquid in the scheme is also included in the invention, namely, the scheme is simplified, and the scheme of the invention is shown in the drawings;

Another solution is preferred for the hydraulic system 5 to eliminate the side dividing the fluid pressure: when the heavy-load container is designed and built, the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir 2 are in extremely small clearance fit, the flatness of the fit surfaces of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir is extremely good, the fit surfaces of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir are strictly plumb-hammer surfaces, the relevant loads in the heavy-load container are basically uniformly distributed, and the gravity center is basically positioned in the center of the top view of the heavy-load container;

preferably, the position sensor and the distance position sensor can be a matched sensing device of metal materials such as steel and iron and the electromagnetic induction device, but the patent claim is not limited to the situation;

preferred alternative embodiment one: the hydraulic system 5 can be removed in fig. 7, and the lateral pressure of the heavy-load reservoir caused by the slight inclination of the heavy-load reservoir is reduced by adopting a small gap between the outer side wall of the heavy-load reservoir and the inner side wall of the heavy-load reservoir 2, and the heavy-load reservoir is further antifriction by using substances with small friction coefficients such as water, etc., and the structure is shown in fig. 7 (fig. 7, the heavy-load reservoir with a cavity between the side walls with small gap);

Preferred alternative scheme II: the hydraulic system can be removed by arranging a plurality of rollers and related supporting structures between the outer side wall of the heavy-load container and the inner side wall of the heavy-load reservoir 2 to support the lateral pressure of the heavy-load reservoir 2 (heavy-load energy storage pool) caused by the slight inclination of the heavy-load container, and reducing the friction of relative movement by adopting rolling friction, wherein the structure is shown in fig. 8 (fig. 8, the heavy-load energy storage pool with the rollers arranged between the side walls of the small gaps).

The structural member 219 for maintenance and replacement of the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device can be seen from fig. 2 and 6:

Preferably, 219 (A) is connected with the reinforcing wall 222 of the heavy-duty container through the countersunk bolt holes 219-1;

Or, preferably, the second part 219 (B) is connected with the reinforcing wall 222 of the heavy-duty container sealing baffle wall and heavy-duty container through the countersunk bolt holes 219-1 and the short pin holes 219-2 (which are extremely short because of convenient maintenance, disassembly and assembly, and the like, and the short pin cannot be forgotten when the maintenance, the disassembly and the assembly are performed);

Or preferably three and preferably four, 219 (C), 219 (D) and 219 (a) are similar, and the 219-1 bolt hole length in 219 (a), 219 (B), 219 (C) and 219 (D) is designed so that the bolts can be removed (not drawn to scale for ease of reading) before the component 219 is lifted out in order to re-lift the component 219.

Preferably, another method of installing the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device repair and replacement structural member 219 (four variants are exemplified: 219 (a), 219 (B), 219 (C) and 219 (D), but not limited thereto) and sealing device (including 215, abrasion-resistant and wear-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strips; 216, spring-resistant blocks; 217, springs, etc.) is fixedly attached to the heavy-duty container abrasion-resistant and wear-resistant lining wall 218, while the heavy-duty container surface and the inner side wall surface of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 are abrasion-resistant and antifriction surfaces;

The gravity energy storage device capable of storing energy in multiple scales can be made into a device for storing the energy in multiple scales such as huge amount, large amount, medium scale, small scale and the like (but the safety conditions, safety conditions and the like such as geological safety and the like are needed to be considered too much), and the steps are as follows:

1. Briefly described:

The positive three-dimensional position stage of the heavy load in the reservoir 2 is adjusted: when the water turbine pumps water to a certain amount, a travel stop block for regulating and controlling the outer side surface position of the heavy-duty container is contacted with a trigger travel switch, and a hydraulic system for regulating the pressure and the distance between the outer vertical wall 219 of the heavy-duty container and the wear-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container of the water reservoir 2 is operated under the coordination of the programmed operation of a distance position sensor, a distance position sensor relay, a pressure sensor and a pressure relay so as to regulate the positive three-dimensional position of the heavy load in the water reservoir 2;

In the energy storage stage: the electric valve for preventing water leakage is opened, the electric energy conveyed by the electric network drives the water turbine to pump water from the common reservoir 3 (the water is generally referred to as liquid, hereinafter and more simply referred to as water, the rights of the invention are also referred to as liquid), so that the water (liquid) in the lower part of the heavy-load reservoir 2 is increased, the heavy load is increased, and the mechanical energy or electric energy generated by wind energy, water energy and the like is converted into heavy-load potential energy, which is an energy storage stage;

During the energy storage stopping phase: when the electric energy for driving the water turbine stops conveying and supplying, the energy storage is stopped, when the upper end point of the heavy load rises to the top point of the heavy load reservoir 2, the upper end point of the heavy load triggers a travel switch 281 installed at the top point of the heavy load reservoir 2 (a plurality of travel switches connected in series are required to stop heavy load ascending for ensuring safety), after the travel switch 281 is triggered, the electric energy for driving the water turbine stops supplying, at the moment, an electric valve for preventing water leakage is closed, water leakage is further prevented, and the process is a stage of stopping energy storage;

In the energy release (potential energy release) power generation stage: when the heavy load descends, the electric valve 211 and the like are opened, the hydraulic pressure energy converted from the heavy load potential energy drives the water turbine to rotate, the water turbine drives the generator rotor to rotate, the mutual rotation of the generator rotor and the stator cuts magnetic force lines to generate electric energy, and then the electric energy is transmitted to a power grid through an electric wire, so that the process is an energy release power generation stage.

2. The detailed steps are as follows:

the positive three-dimensional position stage of the heavy load in the reservoir 2 is adjusted:

s1, opening an electric valve 502;

S2, when the distance indicated by 214 is reduced to be too small by the sensor 214 (a) (on the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device inspection and replacement structural member 219, and in a vertical long shape from the top to the bottom of the heavy-duty container) detected by the distance position sensor 214 (B) of the detection distance mounted at the corresponding point on the heavy-duty container wear-and-tear-resistant lining wall 218 (i.e., when a certain portion on a certain side of the heavy-duty container is abutted against a corresponding portion on a corresponding side of the heavy-duty container) (see fig. 5 for the hydraulic system operation): the cavity liquid pressure between the heavy-duty container outer wall 219 and the heavy-duty container wear-resistant lining wall 218 increases, and the second pressure relay (high-pressure relay) 510 operates; and because the vertical wall side spacing in this cavity is reduced, the distance position is detected by the sensor 214 (a) by the distance position sensor 214 (B) by a distance that is less than the allowable value, and the distance position sensing relay 512 is operated; the action of both the second pressure relay (high pressure relay) 510 and the distance position sensing relay 512 is programmed to cause the reversing valve 506 to move to the right in fig. 5;

S3, starting the hydraulic pump 504, and supplying liquid in the liquid tank 501 (such as a water tank) to the cavity between the outer wall 219 of the heavy-duty container and the wear-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container through the hydraulic pump 504, the one-way valve 505, the reversing valve 506 and the liquid pipe (water pipe), so that the cavity pressure is increased;

S4, as the distance between the two vertical side walls (219 and 218) of the cavity is increased in the step S5, when the liquid in the cavity is increased to a certain value, the pressure in the cavity and the distance between 219 and 218 are also increased to a certain value, the second pressure relay (high-pressure relay) 510 and the distance position sensing relay 512 act, the hydraulic pump stops supplying liquid, and the reversing valve stops at the middle position;

Namely: if (as shown in fig. 1 and 2) the distance between the outer wall 219 of the heavy-duty container and the wear-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container detected by the distance sensor is exactly equal to the set value of the program-controlled equipment (when the method is used, each liquid cavity is only connected with one hydraulic pipe connected with the hydraulic system 5, that is, each cavity unit corresponds to each input hydraulic pipe one by one, two pipes are simply connected in the figure, one pipe should be removed), and when the pressure in the liquid cavity is equal to the set pressure, the electromagnetic reversing valve is in the neutral position cut-off state;

(see FIG. 2: simultaneously and cooperatively discharging excess liquid in the corresponding cavity unit between the outer vertical wall of the heavy-duty container and the inner wall of the heavy-duty reservoir on the other side of the heavy-duty container at the same height [ i.e., on the side where the gap between the cavity units increases ], to the water tank until the gap value of the cavity unit sensed by the position distance sensor reaches a set value, and the pressure value of the cavity unit also reaches a set pressure value);

S5, when the step S4 is carried out to the step before the brackets of the notes: when the electromagnetic directional valve is in the neutral cut-off state, the electric valve 502 is closed, and the supply of the liquid to the cavity unit having the smaller allowable value due to the cavity gap is stopped.

S6, simultaneously providing pressure maintaining service for the energy accumulator 508;

s7, (see fig. 5), which is similar to the operation and action of the other hydraulic system identical to the hydraulic system 5, in the cavity unit connected to the cavity unit described in step S7 (i.e., the cavity unit having the increased cavity gap), if the cavity between the outer wall 219 of the heavy-duty container and the wear-resistant lining 218 of the heavy-duty container (hereinafter referred to as the cavity) increases beyond the set value, i.e., the distance between 219 and 218 increases, the distance position is detected by the sensor 214 (a) to be too large by the distance position sensor 214 (B), and the distance position sensor relay 512 generates the opposite action to the time when the distance is detected to be too small; and at this time, the pressure in the cavity is reduced, and the first pressure relay (low-pressure relay) 509 is operated; under the combined action of 512 and 509, the program control device acts, the reversing valve 506 moves left, so that the redundant liquid in the cavity unit is extruded by the alignment mechanism (because the gap between the cavity units at the other side is small, the gap between the cavity units at the other side is filled with liquid, so that the heavy-duty container bears the acting force of the alignment mechanism, the liquid in the side with the increased gap between the cavities is extruded by extrusion pressure) and flows to the liquid tank (such as a water tank and a water tank) through the reversing valve 506 and the liquid pipe (the water pipe) by the speed regulating and throttling device, and the redundant liquid in the cavity is extruded to be reduced (but the liquid in the cavity gap is ensured to be in a full state at any time by the pressure of the air pressure in the water tank and the water pressure caused by gravity and the like, and the redundant liquid is extruded at a proper speed).

Namely: the hydraulic pump supplies liquid to the cavity unit which is at the same height and is at the other side of the heavy-duty container (namely, the side with reduced cavity gap), the outer standing wall of the heavy-duty container and the inner wall of the heavy-duty reservoir in a coordinated manner under the program control, if the water is supplied, the cavity gap of the corresponding part (the part with reduced cavity gap) at the side is increased, the cavity gap is promoted or forced to reach a set value (the cavity gap at the side with large cavity gap is reduced, the liquid flows back to a water tank or a water tank;

The space between 219 and 218 in the cavity gap is reduced to a specified value, the pressure in the cavity also reaches the specified value, the reversing valve is stopped to an intermediate position, and the electric valve for controlling the liquid flow in the opening and closing hydraulic pipeline is also closed;

In the energy storage stage:

referring to fig. 1 to 4, when in the energy storage phase:

s8, closing a detection entrance door 210 of the heavy-load reservoir 2, and automatically sealing the periphery of the door sealing strip 210-4;

S9, opening the electric valves 211 and 225;

S10, a power grid supplies power to drive an electric driving device to drive a water turbine to rotate (in the figure 1, the devices 1 and 4 are water turbines, preferably, the two devices can be both reversible hydraulic generators and can be single-stage water turbines or two-stage or more water turbines, or the water turbines are water pumping energy storage water turbines and water discharging power generation water turbines which occur in pairs, the patent claims cover various variants, variant scheme designs and the like), the water turbines pump water from a common reservoir 3 and enter the lower part of a heavy-load reservoir 2 through a pipeline, and then the heavy load and a container thereof are wholly lifted; the abrasion-resistant, wear-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215 slides upwards on the surface of the abrasion-resistant and wear-resistant lining wall 218 of the heavy-duty container, the sealing strip and the lining wall 218 form a sealed cavity, and the sealing cavity is maintained by a hydraulic system to prevent the outer wall of the heavy-duty container from colliding with the lining wall 218 (preferably, the lining wall can be made of steel plates or reinforced concrete with smooth coatings with corrosion resistance and wear resistance, but the invention is not limited to the steel plates and the reinforced concrete), and as the heavy duty is driven by a water turbine, electric energy is converted into potential energy of the heavy duty and the container thereof, and the potential energy is an energy storage stage;

S11, in the heavy-load ascending process, a heavy-load container sealing liquid water jacket stay cable 232 pulls a foldable water jacket 233 for heavy-load container sealing liquid to ascend along the surfaces of the outer wall and the lining wall 218 of the heavy-load container;

During the energy storage stopping phase:

s12, when the power supply to the water turbine is stopped, the water turbine stops rotating, the water turbine stops supplying water to the heavy-load reservoir 2, the heavy load stops ascending, and the electric valves 211 and 225 are closed, so that the energy storage is stopped;

S13, if the outer wall of the heavy-load container rises to the top end of the heavy-load reservoir 2, namely, when the outer wall of the heavy-load container reaches the top dead center, a plurality of travel switches 281 connected in series are triggered, the power supply transmission driving the water turbine is cut off, the water turbine stops rotating, the water delivery is stopped to enter the heavy-load reservoir 2, the heavy load stops rising, and the electric valves 211 and 225 are closed, so that energy storage is stopped;

in the energy release (potential energy release) power generation stage:

s13, the electric valves 211 and 225 are opened. Preferably, when the plurality of hydraulic turbines (such as hydraulic turbines 1 and 4, but not limited to two hydraulic turbines and not limited to two electrically operated valves in the claims of the present invention) are all reversible hydraulic turbines, all the electrically operated valves are open; preferably, when some water turbines are specially used for pumped storage and other water turbines are specially used for drainage power generation, an electric valve between the heavy-load reservoir 2 and the water turbine for drainage power generation and an electric valve on a pipeline of the side of the electric valve leading to the common reservoir 3 are opened to prepare for power generation;

s14, starting the water turbine to drive the power generation device, and simultaneously, descending the heavy-load container and the heavy load;

Meanwhile (preferred scheme), see fig. 10 and 11, the high-pressure hose passing through the wear-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215 and part of the head of the spring supporting block 216 from top to bottom (and sealing at the crossing) is also lowered at the same time, so as to ensure the pressure maintaining effect between the outer vertical wall of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir 2 (namely the heavy-load energy storage tank 2) to ensure the heavy load to be as upright as possible and reduce friction, and the structure is seen in fig. 10 and 11 (fig. 10, the heavy-load energy storage tank with the high-pressure hydraulic hose vertically placed in the cavity between the heavy-load container and the side wall of the energy storage tank) (fig. 11, the partial view of the heavy-load energy storage tank with the high-pressure hydraulic hose vertically placed in the side wall of the heavy-load energy storage tank).

The other scheme of the patent is as follows: see fig. 10 and 11, and the structure is shown in fig. 10 and 11 (fig. 10, the high-pressure hydraulic hose is vertically arranged in the heavy-load energy storage tank of the cavity between the heavy-load container and the side wall of the energy storage tank) (fig. 11, the high-pressure hydraulic hose is vertically arranged in a partial view of the side cavity of the heavy-load energy storage tank between the side walls of the heavy-load energy storage tank).

In the power generation stopping phase:

s15, stopping the water turbine when the power generation needs to be stopped, and stopping driving the power generation device by the water turbine;

S16, see fig. 2: when the bottom boss 227 of the heavy-load container acts on the hydraulic buffer grid assembly 228 for uniform load at the bottom of the heavy-load pool and other parts of the heavy-load pool through hydraulic pressure (water pressure), the heavy-load and heavy-load containers stop descending, the water turbine stops rotating, and the power generation facility stops generating power at the moment of bottom dead center of the heavy-load and heavy-load containers, and the specific steps of the steps are as follows (see fig. 3): the bottom boss 227 of the heavy-load container is lowered to contact with and press the hydraulic buffer cell sealing strip 229, the hydraulic buffer cell sealing strip 229 presses the buffer cell spring supporting block 230 for uniform load, the spring 231 is compressed, the liquid (water) in the liquid separating cavity 236 of the heavy-load base is compressed, the liquid in the separating cavity 236 generates pressure, the hydraulic buffer cell component 228 (see fig. 2) for uniform load on the bottom of the whole heavy-load pond is used for bearing the whole heavy-load and heavy-load container, and the whole heavy load and load in the whole heavy-load pond 2 are transferred to the heavy-load base sealing strip supporting block mounting plate 237, the heavy-load base uniform load buffer plate 238, the heavy-load base uniform load bearing plate 239, the heavy-load pond reinforcing base 235 and the heavy-load pond base 234 through hydraulic pressure (water pressure);

Overhauling and checking stage of the heavy-duty reservoir 2:

s17, overhauling and checking the inside of a heavy-load reservoir 2 pool:

S17-1, firstly, analyzing an electronic model of the whole energy storage facility and a contracted entity model prediction (comprising a gravity center model) obtained through a digital twin technology: when the water in the heavy-load reservoir 2 is drained, predicting that the heavy load is likely to slightly deviate to one side, and then performing multiple stable experiments and multiple adjustment of the gap of the easy-to-collide part through a digital or analog gap detection facility, other optical facilities, cameras and the like (such as detection through a distance position sensor indicated by 214) so as to avoid possible collision phenomena (such as collision phenomena of the outer wall of the heavy-load container and the inner wall of the heavy-load reservoir 2);

S17-2, firstly, generating electricity through a water turbine, enabling a boss 227 at the bottom of a heavy-duty container to descend to a bottom dead center, then draining the residual liquid (water) at the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 (note that the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is communicated with the atmosphere, in order to prevent the residual water in the reservoir 2 from being discharged due to the atmospheric pressure, only the lower part or the bottom of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is additionally connected with a pressure-resistant firm water pipe, then a waterproof hammer device is connected, an electric valve is arranged at an outlet and is closed by the electric valve during non-overhaul, the electric valve is opened during overhaul, and water is pumped to a common reservoir 3 by additionally connecting a water pump, and the invention is omitted because of simplicity of the technology, but the technical scheme and the variants thereof are also necessary, wherein the electric valves are closed successively according to the requirements.

S17-3, see FIG. 4: lifting device 210-1 of heavy-load reservoir overhaul entrance door lifts overhaul entrance door 210-5 to top dead center by hinged hook or steel cable, touches multiple travel switches connected in series, stops movement of lifting device of overhaul entrance door, and opens space in heavy-load reservoir 2 at this time, so that overhaul personnel can enter overhaul;

S17-4, overhauling related parts and the like of the heavy-duty reservoir 2, in particular to vulnerable parts such as sealing parts, huge water jackets for sealing and the like;

s18, overhauling and checking the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device:

S18-1, and S17-1, firstly, analyzing the prediction (including a gravity center model) of the electronic model and the reduced entity model of the whole energy storage facility, which are obtained through a digital twin technology: when the water in the heavy-load reservoir 2 is drained, predicting which side the heavy load is likely to deviate slightly, and then performing multiple stable experiments and multiple adjustment of the gap of the easy-to-collide part to avoid the possible collision phenomenon (such as preventing the collision phenomenon between the outer wall of the heavy-load container and the inner wall of the heavy-load reservoir 2) through a digital or analog gap detection facility, other optical facilities, cameras and the like (such as detection through a distance position sensor indicated by 214);

S18-2, similar to S17, firstly discharging all water (liquid) in the heavy-load reservoir 2, lowering a boss 227 at the bottom of the heavy-load container to a bottom dead center, loading the whole heavy-load container and the whole heavy-load container by a hydraulic buffer grid assembly 228 (see FIG. 2) at the bottom of the heavy-load pool, and transmitting the whole heavy-load pressure to a heavy-load pool reinforcing base 235 and a heavy-load pool base 234;

S18-3, removing bolts in bolt holes 219-1 and short pins in short pin holes 219-2 in the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall and sealing device of the heavy-duty container (note: if short pins exist, the component 219 needs to be moved a little longer than the length of the short pins along the pin hole axis first and then the component 219 is hoisted); removing a lock washer and a leakage-proof washer in a bolt hole 219-1 in a structural member 219 for overhauling and replacing the heavy-duty container outer wall and sealing device;

s18-4, installing a lifting bolt lifting ring in a screw hole 219-3 in a structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall of the heavy-duty container and the sealing device;

S18-5, lifting the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall and sealing device of the heavy-duty container;

s18-6, checking and overhauling the outer wall of the heavy-duty container, overhauling and replacing structural parts 219 of the sealing device, related parts of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 and the like, particularly vulnerable parts such as sealing parts and the like;

s19, overhauling anti-collision hydraulic system of gap separation cavity between heavy-duty container and side face of reservoir 2

S19-1, firstly, analyzing an electronic model of the whole energy storage facility and a contracted entity model prediction (comprising a gravity center model) obtained through a digital twin technology: when the water in the heavy-load reservoir 2 is drained, predicting which side the heavy load is likely to deviate slightly, and then performing multiple stable experiments and multiple adjustment of the gap of the easy-to-collide part to avoid the possible collision phenomenon (such as preventing the collision phenomenon between the outer wall of the heavy-load container and the inner wall of the heavy-load reservoir 2) through a digital or analog gap detection facility, other optical facilities, cameras and the like (such as detection through a distance position sensor indicated by 214);

S19-2, similar to S17, all water (liquid) in the heavy-load reservoir 2 is discharged first, the boss 227 at the bottom of the heavy-load container is lowered to the bottom dead center, the whole heavy-load container and the whole heavy-load container are borne by the hydraulic buffer grid assembly 228 (see FIG. 2) at the bottom of the whole heavy-load pond, and the whole heavy-load pressure is transmitted to the heavy-load pond reinforcing base 235 and the heavy-load pond base 234;

S19-3, checking and overhauling the anti-collision hydraulic system of the separation chamber between the heavy load and the side gap of the reservoir 2.

The foregoing is only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, shall be covered by the scope of the present invention by equivalent substitution or modification of the technical solution, the description and the inventive concept thereof.

Claims

The energy storage method, the multi-scale energy storage device according to any one of the claims is characterized in that:

1. The hydraulic turbine (namely, the hydraulic generator comprises a reversible hydraulic generator, the hydraulic generator is the same as the hydraulic generator in the patent), the electric equipment and the power generation equipment are cooperated with the medium of the mechanical and electrical equipment, the full-sealed huge water jacket (namely, the water bag and the front-rear water bag in the heavy-load reservoir 2 (namely, the heavy-load energy storage pool and the lower water bag are the same as the heavy-load energy storage pool) is used as the sealing of the main sealing facility, the telescopic superposition of the foldable and stretchable damage-resistant plates is added to the guide (so as to further prevent the water jacket from being damaged), and the water hammer effect is prevented by the waterproof hammer device, so that the heavy-load potential energy and the electric energy in the heavy-load reservoir 2 are converted into basic principles;

2. the hydraulic system 5 for bearing the liquid pressure on the uniform side surface of the heavy-load reservoir 2 consists of a principle of adopting a hydraulic pressure dividing system, and prevents a heavy-load container from colliding with the inner wall of the heavy-load reservoir 2;

3. The collision prevention principle of the bottom of the heavy-load reservoir 2 is shown in the specification and fig. 2: the principle of partial pressure when the bottom boss 227 of the heavy-duty container (one such boss or multiple such bosses in an array) is to divide the pressure by the hydraulic buffer cell assembly 228 and other components of the heavy-duty pool, which are all loaded at the bottom of the heavy-duty pool, through the action of hydraulic pressure (water pressure);

4. Sealing the hydraulic fluid in the heavy duty reservoir 2 by means of a water jacket 233 which can be made fully airtight and collapsible for sealing the liquid and supporting the heavy duty vessel; the water jacket 233 is pulled by the heavy-duty container liquid sealing water jacket inhaul cable 232 to slide along the heavy-duty container abrasion-resistant lining wall 218; the water jacket 233 is fastened to the bottom of the heavy-duty reservoir 2, and the separate components of the water jacket 233 are fastened with fasteners (i.e., the water jacket 233 is separately manufactured and assembled from components) to form a complete large water jacket; preferably, the lower part of the heavy-duty container is connected with a horn device 286 for preventing the heavy-duty container from biting the water jacket in the heavy-duty water reservoir 2;

Preferably, a foldable and retractable damage-resistant plate can be arranged outside the fully-sealed water jacket and the biting-proof horn 286 device to match the folding or folding of the fully-sealed water jacket during the heavy-load up-and-down movement, so as to further match the folding-related movement and prevent the fully-sealed water jacket from being worn and the fully-sealed water jacket from being biting and damaged.

5. The detection entrance door and the related structure 210 of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 are specially arranged for maintenance, the door can be opened and closed in an up-down lifting mode, can also be hinged and rotated to be opened and closed by a hinge, and is sealed by an angular or T-shaped sealing strip to prevent leakage;

6. The heavy load is loaded through the heavy load container, and the pressure generated by the heavy load is uniformly transmitted to all parts of the lower part of the heavy load reservoir 2 through the water jacket of the lower part of the heavy load reservoir 2, so that the local pressure is reduced, and the damage is prevented.

7. The hydraulic system 5 (hereinafter referred to as the hydraulic system 5) for bearing the liquid pressure on the side of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is connected to a gap cavity (preferably, each gap cavity should be connected with only one hydraulic system 5) between the outer wall of the heavy-duty container and the side wall of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 (hereinafter referred to as the side wall), wherein fig. 1 and 2 illustrate a device which saves cost and adopts program control equipment, and adopts a scheme of connecting two pipes, and when the distance between the side walls exceeds a minimum set value and the pressure in the cavity is greater than the set value of the high-pressure relay 510, the hydraulic system 5 conveys liquid (such as water) to the cavity between the side walls until the distance set value of the position distance sensor is reached; when the gap distance between the side walls is sensed by the distance position sensor to exceed a maximum set value and the pressure sensor senses that the pressure in the cavity is reduced to the set value, the cavity returns water to the water tank of the hydraulic system 5 until the distance between the side walls is sensed by the distance position sensor to be reduced to the set value; if the distance position sensor senses that the distance position exceeds the allowable maximum set value and the pressure sensor senses that the pressure is exactly equal to the atmospheric pressure, and the sensor senses that no liquid (such as water) infiltrates (such as the sensor senses that the magnetic resistance changes, not the magnetic resistance of the liquid (water) but the magnetic resistance of air), then the corresponding hydraulic system is stopped (and can be manually restored to work after being detected and overhauled to be determined to be safe), the electromagnetic directional valve 506 is in a neutral position stop state, so that when the outer wall of the heavy-duty container does not form a closed cavity with the side wall of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 and the wear-resistant and wear-resistant aging-resistant sealing strip 215, and the work can be manually restored after being detected and determined to be safe; and the heavy-load container is also arranged at the lower part of the heavy-load reservoir 2, and a pipeline of the hydraulic system 5 connected to the upper part outside the heavy-load reservoir 2 can not output liquid (water) outwards, can not infuse liquid (water) to a water tank in the hydraulic system 5, and the hydraulic system is in a stop working state, but can manually resume working after being checked and overhauled and judged to be safe.

8. Preferably, another design scheme of the common reservoir 3 is arranged at a position where the upper part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is emptied, namely, the water at the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is connected to the position where the upper part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is emptied through a pipeline, a water hammer preventing device, an electric valve and a water turbine;

9. Another solution is preferred for the hydraulic system 5 to eliminate the side dividing the fluid pressure: when the heavy-load container is designed and built, the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir 2 are matched with each other in a very small clearance or a smaller clearance, the planeness of the matched surfaces of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir is very good, the matched planes of the heavy-load container and the heavy-load reservoir are strictly plumb-hammer surfaces, the relevant loads in the heavy-load container are basically uniformly distributed, and the gravity center of the heavy-load container is basically positioned in the center of the top view of the heavy-load container;

10. Preferably, another method of installing the heavy-duty container outer wall and seal apparatus service replacement structural member 219 (illustrated by four variants: 219 (a), 219 (B), 219 (C) and 219 (D), but not limited to these four) and the seal apparatus (including 215, wear-resistant, aging-resistant seal strips; 216, spring abutments; 217, springs, etc.) is fixedly attached to the heavy-duty container wear-resistant, wear-resistant liner wall 218, with the heavy-duty container surface being a wear-resistant, wear-resistant finish;

11. Preferably, the footing and foundation of the lower part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 can be embedded under the ground surface to a certain depth so as to properly reduce the thickness of the outer part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2, thereby assisting the strengthening support by the comprehensive acting force of the outer part of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 so as to reduce the tensile stress to the side wall of the heavy-duty reservoir 2.

12. In another preferred scheme one, the following related parts on the outer side of the heavy-duty container and the anti-collision hydraulic system of the separation cavity between the heavy-duty container and the side of the reservoir 2 are removed: namely, the abrasion-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215, the spring supporting block 216, the spring 217 and the structural component 219 for overhauling and replacing the outer wall of the heavy-duty container and the sealing device are removed; then, the outer side part of the heavy-load container is matched with the inner side part of the heavy-load reservoir 2 in a small clearance way, and the two parts are arranged in a strict vertical direction, so that friction force generated between the two parts due to slight inclination of heavy load is reduced by the related method, and the two parts are manufactured by adopting wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-wear-resistant materials (such as high-wear-resistant steel materials and the like) and are antifriction by water or other substances with small friction coefficients;

And then the second preferred scheme is as follows: the related parts 215, 216, 217 and 219 are removed, a plurality of rollers or rolling bodies and rollers are arranged at the clearance between the outer side part of the heavy-load container and the inner side part of the heavy-load reservoir 2, so that the friction caused by slight inclination of heavy load between the rollers is reduced, and the two parts are arranged in a strict vertical direction for construction.

13. In order to prevent volatilization or evaporation of water (or liquid), all parts of the heavy-load energy storage pool 2 and the common water storage pool 3 can be sealed (except for the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage pool and the common water storage pool which are communicated with the atmospheric pressure to balance the atmospheric pressure, small holes are reserved for the treatment measure to balance the atmospheric pressure, and the negative effects of the atmospheric pressure on water turbine water pumping, draining, energy storage and power generation are prevented), so that the water storage pool is used in water-deficient areas.

14. The high density material or the higher density material or various combinations of such materials are loaded in a heavy duty container with high strength, high reliability, high wear resistance and effective friction reduction.
A multi-scale gravity energy storage facility and method for water (liquid) turbine water pumping and draining (liquid) driving energy conversion are disclosed, which is technically characterized in that:

1. The multi-scale gravity energy storage facility for the whole water turbine pumping and drainage driving energy conversion consists of a heavy-load bearing reservoir 2, a water turbine 1 and a water turbine 4 (a reversible water turbine or a common water turbine, wherein one part of the water turbine is used for pumping and storing energy, the other part of the water turbine is used for drainage and power generation, the water turbine can also be driven by only the reversible water turbine, the water turbine can be a single-stage water turbine or a two-stage water turbine and more water turbines), the reservoir 3 and a hydraulic system 5 for bearing the liquid pressure on the side of the heavy-load bearing reservoir 2 in a sharing way (or without using the device or using other similar devices).

2. The reservoir 2 bearing heavy load is fixedly connected with the reversible water turbine 1 (or a non-reversible water turbine consisting of a water turbine with both pumping energy storage and drainage power generation, and the same applies to the non-reversible water turbine), the gravity of the heavy load container is supported by the hydraulic pressure through the fully-sealed water jacket, and the pumping water (or liquid) energy storage and power generation of the fully-sealed water jacket are realized.

3. Further, the reversible water turbine 4 (or the common pumped storage water turbine 4 and the device of the water discharge power generation water turbine are the same as the former) is fixedly communicated with the heavy-load bearing reservoir 2 through an electric valve and a water hammer preventing device by a pipeline. One end of the water turbine is connected with a heavy-load reservoir 2, and the other end is connected with a common reservoir 3;

4. The heavy load is borne by the heavy load reservoir 2 through the hydraulic pressure of the liquid, and the water hammer effect possibly occurring in the heavy load reservoir 2 is solved through the water hammer preventing device;

5. The lower part of the heavy-load reservoir 2 consists of a sealing water jacket (which can be a spliced or integral water jacket, namely a water bag, and is the same in front and back) and mainly comprises a heavy-load container liquid sealing water jacket guy cable 232, a foldable water jacket 233 for supporting liquid sealing of a heavy-load container, a fastener, a soft water jacket matrix substance (such as rubber, polymer, high polymer material and the like), a reinforcing rib (such as steel wire and the like) and the like;

6. The bottom of the heavy-duty reservoir 2 is provided with a heavy-duty reservoir bottom load-balancing hydraulic buffer compartment 228 (which forms a heavy-duty base liquid compartment 236), which mainly comprises: the bottom of the heavy-load pool is composed of hydraulic buffer cell sealing strips 229 for uniform load, buffer cell spring supporting blocks 230 for uniform load, springs 231, heavy-load base sealing strip supporting block mounting plates 237 and the like;

7. The lower part of the hydraulic buffer cell 228 for the uniform load at the bottom of the heavy-load pool is provided with one or more structures of a heavy-load pool base 234, a heavy-load pool reinforcing base 235, a heavy-load base uniform load buffer plate 238 and a heavy-load base uniform load bearing plate 239;

8. The hydraulic system 5 is composed of (or is composed of several similar components, parts) a water tank 501, an electric valve 502, a filter 503, a hydraulic pump 504 (such as a bi-directional variable hydraulic pump), a check valve 505, an overflow valve 511, an electromagnetic directional valve 506, a pressure gauge (pressure indicator) 507, an accumulator 508, pressure relays 509 and 510, a distance position sensing relay 512 (such as an electromagnetic induction type sensor), and the like.

The water tank, the electric valve, the filter and the bidirectional variable hydraulic pump are connected;

further, one branch of the bidirectional variable hydraulic pump is fixedly connected with the one-way valve, and the other branch is sequentially and fixedly connected with the overflow valve and the water tank; further, the electromagnetic directional valve is fixedly connected with a pressure gauge (pressure indicator), an energy accumulator and two pressure relays;

Further, the pressure relay is fixedly connected with a side partial pressure separation cavity unit of a reservoir 2 (reservoir bearing heavy load) bearing lateral water (liquid) pressure.

9. Detection entrance door of heavy-duty reservoir 2 and related structure 210:

9.1 scheme one, the service entrance door 210-5 is placed in the service entrance door sealing main structure door frame 210-2 (210-3 is its cross-sectional view), and is fully sealed around by the service entrance door sealing strip 210-4; the overhaul access door 210-5 is connected or hinged with a lifting device 210-1 of the overhaul access door of the heavy-duty pool by a hook or a steel rope; the overhaul entrance door sealing strip 210-4 is sealed with the heavy-duty reservoir by adopting an angle shape or a T shape;

9.2 scheme II, the overhaul entrance door is connected with the heavy-duty reservoir 2 by adopting a hinge, and is sealed with the heavy-duty reservoir by adopting an angle or T shape by adopting an overhaul entrance door sealing strip 210-4;

10. Preferably, the hydraulic line outlet of the hydraulic system 5 connected to the side wall cavity of the heavy load reservoir (i.e. heavy load accumulator, the same applies below) is connected by: in order to prevent the inconvenience of design and installation of the hydraulic pipe outlet on the side surface during the heavy load ascending and descending and to increase the heavy load stroke, the hydraulic high-pressure hose (which is bound by a rust-proof and damage-proof high-strength cable to prevent the problem of insufficient strength caused by the long sagging length of the high-pressure hose) is connected to the cavity between the outer side wall of the heavy-load container and the inner wall of the heavy-load energy storage tank 2, which are respectively connected with the high-pressure hose, from the upper part of the heavy-load energy storage tank 2 downwards through the partial heads of the wear-resistant, damage-resistant and aging-resistant sealing strip 215 and the spring supporting block 216, and the sealing is carried out at the crossing part of each high-pressure hose for transfusion (water) with 215 parts and 216 parts respectively.