CN117912198A - Early warning prediction system for reactor - Google Patents

Early warning prediction system for reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117912198A
CN117912198A CN202311434466.8A CN202311434466A CN117912198A CN 117912198 A CN117912198 A CN 117912198A CN 202311434466 A CN202311434466 A CN 202311434466A CN 117912198 A CN117912198 A CN 117912198A
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module
early warning
current
reactor
zero sequence
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CN202311434466.8A
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Inventor
张路
张晓娟
陈云宾
王玺
王宗友
李子昂
孙晨博
彭淑妨
孙海伦
纪宇洋
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Super High Voltage Co Of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co
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Super High Voltage Co Of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co
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Priority to CN202311434466.8A priority Critical patent/CN117912198A/en
Publication of CN117912198A publication Critical patent/CN117912198A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • G08B21/185—Electrical failure alarms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
    • G10L25/48—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
    • G10L25/51—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of early warning of power equipment, and particularly relates to an early warning prediction system for a reactor. The system comprises a collector module for collecting magnetic field, voice print and current information and an early warning judging module for judging the phase difference of zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage; the collector module comprises a current collection module, a magnetic field collection module, a voiceprint collection module, a wireless radio frequency receiving module, a data processing singlechip, a database, an alarm and a display screen, wherein the collector receives collected data information, processes the collected data information of each module through the data processing singlechip, gives out a data analysis result, and displays the data analysis result on the display screen; the early warning judging module performs self-adaptive compensation and analysis under different fault conditions by monitoring the phase difference of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage. The system can monitor the state and data of the reactor in real time, can perform reliable early warning and future trend prediction to judge future faults, and can stably and permanently operate in the environment with high electromagnetic field and high current inside the reactor.

Description

Early warning prediction system for reactor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of early warning of power equipment, and particularly relates to an early warning prediction system for a reactor.
Background
The reactor is used as main auxiliary equipment of a remote alternating current transmission system, plays roles in compensating capacitive current, maintaining system voltage level, improving line transmission capacity and the like in the system, and promotes the development of a power grid to a certain extent. The reactor has a plurality of excellent performances.
As the number of input and operation time of the reactor are increased, the number of winding insulation faults is increased, and how to ensure safety and stability during online operation of the reactor is becoming more important. The reactor is continuously influenced by the factors such as fault current electromagnetic vibration, thermal aging and the like during the online operation, so that the insulation of the winding is deteriorated until the insulation breaks down, and the power grid accident is caused. The proportion of turn-to-turn short circuit faults in winding faults is found to be larger through statistical analysis, the voltage and current change amplitude of a line side is smaller when the winding turns are in turn-to-turn short circuit, but large circulating current is generated in the short circuit turns, active power loss is increased sharply, a large amount of heat is generated, the reactor is burnt out due to the fact that fire is possibly caused, and the stable operation of a power system is endangered. In order to reduce the occurrence of such faults, the product quality of the reactor itself is improved, and meanwhile, the inter-turn insulation state of the reactor is monitored in real time and early warning is carried out on the inter-turn short circuit faults in the development period in time.
Currently, aiming at the problem of turn-to-turn short circuit of a dry reactor, a plurality of different detection methods mainly comprise a pulse voltage method, a smoke sensing method, a temperature sensing method, a detection coil method and the like.
From the current research, in engineering practice, reactor fault monitoring and early warning technologies have been applied to a certain extent, but various technologies have various defects and shortcomings, have limited popularization and demonstration capabilities, and cannot well solve the problem of state maintenance in operation of the high-voltage reactor.
The existing method has the following defects that:
1. From the perspective of maintenance test, the inter-turn insulation performance of the reactor is detected regularly, and the inter-turn short circuit fault is discovered early by analyzing the inter-turn insulation performance. The preventive test regime basically ensures that the device operates normally during the two tests, but it has four non-negligible drawbacks: 1) An economic disadvantage is the economic loss due to the shutdown. 2) The technical defect is that the off-line test cannot accurately reflect the running condition of the equipment. 3) The method is not beneficial to the acquisition, fault analysis and prediction of early symptoms of the reactor fault. 4) Some are destructive tests, shortening the useful life of the device.
2. The pulse voltage method is an off-line detection method, the inter-turn insulation fault is thoroughly exposed through no less than 7200 pulse impact tests, and the method is a destructive test, and the method can effectively detect the inter-turn insulation defect of the reactor, but has high cost, shortens the service life of the reactor and reduces the service efficiency of the reactor.
3. The smoke detection method utilizes a smoke detector to detect smoke generated when the reactor is overheated, so that the purpose of detection is achieved, but the smoke diffusion caused by faults is fast because the reactor is generally applied outdoors, and the concentration is difficult to accurately detect when the concentration does not reach a certain threshold value.
4. The current dry reactor temperature sensing method mainly adopts a probe-type wireless temperature sensor and a fiber bragg grating sensor, the wireless temperature measurement sensor has poor anti-interference performance and cannot be used for monitoring the internal temperature of the reactor, the grating sensor is inconvenient to install in large size and is not suitable for monitoring the temperature between turns (layers), and the two sensors cannot obtain complete internal temperature field distribution characteristics.
5. The detection method of the detection coil detects faults by monitoring the total magnetic flux change inside the equipment caused by eddy current generated by turn-to-turn short circuit faults. The detection coil has the following defects: if turn-to-turn short circuit occurs inside the reactor, the magnetic flux does not change significantly because of the relatively small number of fault turns; if a fault occurs near the transverse axis of the reactor, the magnetic fluxes at the two sides do not generate a difference value, so that the detection coil detects that a blind area exists; the installation of the detection coil may affect the normal operation of the reactor.
Based on the reasons, the reactor equipment state analysis system based on the magnetic force and vibration recognition algorithm is subjected to technical research, so that an important technical means is provided for timely finding equipment defects and implementing targeted overhaul to realize good running state of equipment, and the operation and maintenance management of a power grid and the reliability level of the equipment are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an early warning prediction system for a reactor, aiming at the problems in the prior art. The system can monitor the state and data of the reactor in real time, can perform reliable early warning and future trend prediction to judge future faults, and can stably and permanently operate in the environment with high electromagnetic field and high current inside the reactor.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The early warning prediction system for the reactor comprises a collector module for collecting magnetic field, voice print and current information and an early warning judging module for judging the phase difference of zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage; the collector module comprises a current collection module, a magnetic field collection module, a voiceprint collection module, a wireless radio frequency receiving module, a data processing singlechip, a database, an alarm and a display screen, wherein the collector receives data information collected by the current collection module, the magnetic field collection module and the voiceprint collection module through RS485 and Ethernet, processes the collected data information of each module through the data processing singlechip, gives out a data analysis result, and displays the data analysis result on the display screen; the early warning judging module performs self-adaptive compensation and analysis under different fault conditions by monitoring the phase difference of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage.
Specifically, the current acquisition module adopts a Hall current sensor, and the Hall current sensor adopts a through type Rogowski coil current sampling.
Specifically, the magnetic field acquisition module comprises acquisition hardware for detecting the change of the magnetic field intensity and a magnetic field intensity induction chip.
Specifically, the voiceprint acquisition module adopts a silicon-based sensor chip and a voiceprint sensing chip with a wide range, and comprises a vibration signal of 100 Hz-70 kHz, an audible acoustic sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and an acquisition chip.
Specifically, the data processing singlechip comprises an early warning judging module and a prediction algorithm processing module.
Specifically, the early warning judging module comprises an adaptive compensation zero sequence power direction element and a voice print identifying algorithm module, wherein the adaptive compensation zero sequence power direction element and voice print identifying algorithm module can detect zero sequence current in a power system and judge the direction of the current.
Specifically, the prediction algorithm processing module uses data acquired by the current acquisition module, the magnetic field acquisition module and the voiceprint acquisition module as input quantity, obtains a fault prediction model of the reactor by combining electrical knowledge, and obtains the running state of the reactor at each moment by taking the change trend as output quantity.
Specifically, the voiceprint recognition algorithm uses the sound sent by the equipment to judge, extracts the effective characteristics of the signal, and judges the state of the equipment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. synchronous sampling is adopted when the magnetic field, the voiceprint and the current are sampled, namely, the magnetic field, the voiceprint and the current are acquired at the same moment, so that the accuracy of a prediction algorithm model is reduced, and the accuracy is influenced due to errors caused by data asynchronization. 2. The rogowski coil for magnetic field, voiceprint and current collection is completely independent, so that interference can be avoided, sampling precision is guaranteed, products are diversified, and different collection module installation modes can be replaced at any time when different scenes are sampled. 3. The digital voiceprint sensor adopts a silicon-based chip to meet the requirement of site temperature 4. The site magnetic field intensity sensor adopts a space magnetic field change acquisition chip, can directly output digital quantity for direct reading by a singlechip, greatly reduces the volume of a measuring module, reduces the power consumption and enhances the anti-interference capability. 5. The reactor state is determined by adopting an early warning comprehensive judging method, and a multidimensional data processing algorithm is adopted to avoid misjudgment caused by incapability of timely reaching a set threshold value in the single threshold value judgment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a warning prediction system of a high-voltage reactor;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the early warning prediction system of the high voltage reactor;
fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an inter-turn winding insulation medium of a reactor, an equivalent autotransformer at the time of an inter-turn short circuit fault, and an equivalent circuit diagram at the time of an inter-turn short circuit fault.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of voice recognition detection;
fig. 5 is an extraction process of mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs).
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The early warning prediction system for the reactor as shown in fig. 1 comprises a collector module for collecting magnetic field, voice print and current information and an early warning judging module for judging the phase difference of zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage; the collector module comprises a current collection module, a magnetic field collection module, a voiceprint collection module, a wireless radio frequency receiving module, a data processing singlechip, a database, an alarm and a display screen, wherein the collector receives data information collected by the current collection module, the magnetic field collection module and the voiceprint collection module through RS485 and Ethernet, processes the collected data information of each module through the data processing singlechip, gives out a data analysis result, and displays the data analysis result on the display screen; the early warning judging module performs self-adaptive compensation and analysis under different fault conditions by monitoring the phase difference of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage.
The current acquisition module adopts a Hall current sensor, and the Hall current sensor adopts a through type Rogowski coil current sampling.
The magnetic field acquisition module comprises acquisition hardware for detecting the change of the magnetic field intensity and a magnetic field intensity induction chip.
The voiceprint acquisition module adopts a silicon-based sensor chip and a voiceprint sensing chip with a wide range, and comprises a vibration signal of 100 Hz-70 kHz, an audible acoustic sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and an acquisition chip.
The data processing singlechip comprises an early warning judging module and a prediction algorithm processing module. The early warning judging module comprises an adaptive compensation zero sequence power direction element and a voiceprint recognition algorithm module, wherein the adaptive compensation zero sequence power direction element and the voiceprint recognition algorithm module can detect zero sequence current in a power system and judge the direction of the current. The prediction algorithm processing module takes the data acquired by the current acquisition module, the magnetic field acquisition module and the voiceprint acquisition module as input quantity, combines electrical knowledge to obtain a fault prediction model of the reactor, and takes the change trend as output quantity to obtain the running state of the reactor at each moment. The voiceprint recognition algorithm judges by utilizing the sound emitted by the equipment, extracts the effective characteristics of the signals, and judges the state of the equipment.
The above-mentioned utilization of electrical knowledge is to master the current and voltage characteristics of the reactor, familiarize with the response characteristics, temperature characteristics and insulation characteristics of the reactor at different frequencies, collect the data of current, voltage, temperature, frequency response and the like when the reactor is operated, extract the inductance value, frequency response characteristics, temperature change with time and the like from the collected data based on the characteristics and operation parameters of the reactor, thereby creating a failure prediction model of the reactor.
The self-adaptive compensation zero-sequence power direction element has the advantages that when the reactor has turn-to-turn short circuit fault, the phase of the zero-sequence current advances by approximately 90 degrees in the zero-sequence voltage; when the internal grounding short circuit of the reactor fails, the phase of the zero sequence current leads the zero sequence voltage; when the single-phase grounding short circuit fault outside the reactor occurs, the phase of the zero-sequence current lags behind the zero-sequence voltage. The equation of motion of the adaptive compensation type zero sequence power direction element is as follows:
Wherein, I 0、U0 is the self-generated zero-sequence current and self-generated zero-sequence voltage of the reactor line side TA and TV, respectively, and Z b is the zero-sequence reactance of the reactor (the reactor zero-sequence reactance including the small grounding reactance). k is a floating parameter (0-0.8) and is related to the magnitude of zero sequence voltage and zero sequence current. When the reactor generates a slight turn-to-turn short circuit, the zero sequence voltage and current are very small, the detection device is difficult to accurately detect, the negative sequence current amplitude is usually larger than the zero sequence current amplitude when the turn-to-turn short circuit fault is found by analyzing the sequence network diagram and the fault sequence component of the parallel reactor, and the novel turn-to-turn short circuit protection based on the negative sequence power direction principle is provided.
The winding turn-to-turn short circuit of the reactor is usually caused by the deterioration of the winding turn-to-turn insulation property, and fig. 3 (a) shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the turn-to-turn insulation medium, rp represents the dielectric loss, and the model is generally adopted to study the winding turn-to-turn insulation fault. Since Cp is typically small and the capacitive reactance is large at power frequency, the resistance Rp can be used to simulate the inter-turn insulation properties. When the inter-turn insulation property is good, the active loss is small and almost zero, but as the inter-turn insulation medium ages, the active loss increases, and after dielectric breakdown, the insulation resistance Rp becomes 0. When the reactor winding turns to short circuit fault, an autotransformer can be equivalently used, as shown in fig. 3 (b). The shorted turns are considered the secondary winding and the fault contact resistance is considered the load impedance of the autotransformer. Fig. 3 (c) shows an equivalent circuit diagram, and the input impedance of the reactor during the winding turn-to-turn insulation medium health and breakdown can be calculated.
When the inter-turn insulating medium performance is normal, the input impedance and the impedance angle of the equivalent circuit are as follows:
when the inter-turn insulation dielectric property breaks down, the input impedance and the impedance angle of the equivalent circuit are as follows:
Rnf＝Rn+Rf,Cnf＝Xn+Xf。
The voiceprint recognition algorithm is to judge by utilizing the sound emitted by the equipment under a specific condition, extract the effective characteristics of the signals and judge the state of the equipment. The frequency band of the sound signal is 20Hz-20KHz, and the frequency band can be perceived by human ears, and belongs to audible sound. The tone color and intensity of the sounds generated by different types of faults are different, so that the selection of representative sound characteristics is important, and a sound identification detection schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4.
The voice print detection method comprises the following steps: mel cepstrum coefficient analysis and LPCC characteristic parameter extraction; mel-frequency spectral analysis is based on the principle of human auditory properties, i.e., analyzing the spectrum of sound according to the results of human auditory experiments. Since human hearing has different sensitivity to sounds at different frequencies, the level of the heard sound is not in a linear relationship with the frequency of the sound, so that the mel frequency is adopted to better accord with the human hearing characteristics. The mel frequency and the actual frequency can be expressed as follows:
wherein F mel (F) is the perceived frequency in Meyer (Mel); f is the actual frequency in Hz.
The extraction process of mel-frequency coefficient (MFCC) is shown in fig. 5.
The linear prediction cepstral coefficients (Linear Prsdiction Cepstrum Coefficient, LPCC) are characteristic parameters of the resulting coefficients of the linear prediction analysis in the cepstral domain.
A linear prediction model of a speech signal, the transfer function of the vocal tract model is expressed as follows:
Where p represents the order of linear prediction and a i is the i-th stage linear prediction coefficient. Then taking the logarithm of H (z), the expression is as follows:
Wherein C LP is the cepstrum coefficient LPCC of the speech signal. The two formulas are combined to obtain the following pair:
the two sides derive the transformation of z -1, and finally the following form is obtained:
The relationship of C LP (n) and linear prediction coefficient a i is then obtained as follows:
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. The early warning prediction system for the reactor is characterized by comprising a collector module for collecting magnetic field, voice print and current information and an early warning judging module for judging the phase difference of zero sequence current and zero sequence voltage;
The collector module comprises a current collection module, a magnetic field collection module, a voiceprint collection module, a wireless radio frequency receiving module, a data processing singlechip, a database, an alarm and a display screen, wherein the collector receives data information collected by the current collection module, the magnetic field collection module and the voiceprint collection module through RS485 and Ethernet, processes the collected data information of each module through the data processing singlechip, gives out a data analysis result, and displays the data analysis result on the display screen;
The early warning judging module performs self-adaptive compensation and analysis under different fault conditions by monitoring the phase difference of the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage.
2. The early warning prediction system for a reactor according to claim 1, wherein the current collection module employs a hall current sensor employing a pass-through rogowski coil current sampling.
3. The early warning prediction system for a reactor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field acquisition module includes acquisition hardware that detects a change in magnetic field strength and a magnetic field strength sensing chip.
4. The early warning prediction system for the reactor according to claim 1, wherein the voiceprint acquisition module adopts a silicon-based sensor chip, and a wide-range voiceprint induction chip comprises a vibration signal of 100 Hz-70 kHz, an audible acoustic sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and an acquisition chip.
5. The early warning prediction system for the reactor according to claim 1, wherein the data processing singlechip comprises an early warning discrimination module and a prediction algorithm processing module.
6. The early warning prediction system for a reactor according to claim 5, wherein the early warning discrimination module comprises an adaptive compensation zero sequence power direction element and a voice print recognition algorithm module capable of detecting a zero sequence current in a power system and judging a direction of the current.
7. The early warning prediction system for the reactor according to claim 5, wherein the prediction algorithm processing module uses data collected by the current collection module, the magnetic field collection module and the voiceprint collection module as input quantity, obtains a fault prediction model of the reactor by combining electrical knowledge, and obtains the running state of the reactor at each moment by using the change trend as output quantity.
8. The early warning prediction system for a reactor according to claim 6, wherein the voiceprint recognition algorithm uses sound emitted from the device to perform discrimination, and extracts effective characteristics of signals, so as to determine the state of the device.
CN202311434466.8A 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Early warning prediction system for reactor Pending CN117912198A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311434466.8A CN117912198A (en) 2023-10-31 2023-10-31 Early warning prediction system for reactor

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CN117912198A true CN117912198A (en) 2024-04-19

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