CN117905712A - Two-stage variable-speed low-noise axial flow fan - Google Patents
Two-stage variable-speed low-noise axial flow fan Download PDFInfo
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- CN117905712A CN117905712A CN202410318733.3A CN202410318733A CN117905712A CN 117905712 A CN117905712 A CN 117905712A CN 202410318733 A CN202410318733 A CN 202410318733A CN 117905712 A CN117905712 A CN 117905712A
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- guide vane
- blades
- axial flow
- impeller
- air inlet
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004089 microcirculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/007—Axial-flow pumps multistage fans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
- F04D29/327—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans with non identical blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/666—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage variable-speed low-noise axial flow fan which comprises a primary axial flow fan module, a middle axial flow transition structure and a secondary axial flow fan module which are arranged in a shell, wherein the primary axial flow fan module and the secondary axial flow fan module respectively comprise impellers, guide vanes and a driving module, the guide vanes are fixedly arranged in the shell, the driving module is fixedly arranged on the guide vanes, the impellers are driven by a motor of the driving module to rotate so as to realize rapid gas flow, the middle axial flow transition structure comprises an outer cover and a guide cover, a middle axial flow transition channel is formed between the outer cover and the guide cover, and the middle axial flow transition channel is respectively communicated with gas flow channels in the primary axial flow fan module and the secondary axial flow fan module. The primary module and the secondary module of the axial flow fan are all variable in rotating speed, can adapt to flow and wind pressure ranges with different requirements, and have the advantages of wide application range, low running noise, safety, reliability and high working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-noise fan design, in particular to a two-stage variable-speed low-noise axial flow fan.
Background
Axial fans, i.e. fans in which the gas flows parallel to the fan axis, are often used in applications where the flow requirements are high and the pressure requirements are low. The axial flow fan fixes the position and moves the air. The axial flow fan mainly comprises a fan impeller and a shell, and has a simple structure but very high data requirements. The traditional multistage axial flow fan is generally arranged by a fixed-rotation-speed serial structure of two or more axial flow impellers, and under the condition, the size of the whole fan can be reduced, the wind pressure can be increased, but the defects of small wind pressure range, narrow application range, large pneumatic noise and low efficiency of partial working conditions are also overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage variable-speed low-noise axial flow fan, which is formed by connecting two mixed flow impeller axial flow fans of independent modules in series and connecting the two modules through a middle transition section, wherein a first-stage module and a second-stage module are of variable rotation speeds, and the rotation speeds of the two-stage modules are changed to adapt to flow and wind pressure ranges with different requirements.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a two-stage variable speed low noise axial fan, includes the one-level axial fan module, middle axial flow transition structure and the second grade axial fan module of installing in the shell, one-level axial fan module and second grade axial fan module all include impeller, stator and drive module, stator fixed mounting is in the shell, and drive module fixed mounting is on the stator, and the impeller is driven rotatoryly by drive module's motor and is realized gaseous rapid flow, middle axial flow transition structure includes dustcoat and kuppe of an organic whole installation, form middle axial flow transition passageway between dustcoat and the kuppe, middle axial flow transition passageway communicates with the gas flow passageway in one-level axial fan module and the second grade axial fan module respectively, and the gas that is located the shell air intake gets into one-level gas flow passageway under the mechanical force effect of one-level impeller and flows fast, sends into second grade gas flow passageway after the buffering through middle axial flow transition passageway, then reaches the required flow and wind pressure after axial delivery from the shell air outlet under the mechanical force effect of second grade impeller.
The first-stage axial flow fan module comprises a first air inlet cover, a first-stage impeller, a first-stage guide vane and a first driving module, wherein the first air inlet cover and the first-stage guide vane are fixedly arranged in the shell, the first driving module is fixedly arranged on the first-stage guide vane, the first-stage impeller is positioned in the first air inlet cover and driven to rotate by a motor of the first driving module, and gas rapidly flows under the mechanical force of the first-stage impeller and is axially sent out at an outlet of the first-stage guide vane.
Specifically, the first driving module comprises a first driving motor, the first driving motor is installed on the first guide vane disc through a first fixing piece, and a motor shaft of the first driving motor is fixed with the first wheel disc and directly drives the primary impeller to rotate.
The first air inlet cover comprises an air inlet section and an air outlet section which are integrally formed, the air inlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and is gradually reduced in diameter, the air outlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and is gradually increased in diameter, and the inner wall of the air outlet section of the first air inlet cover is matched with the outer circumference of the primary impeller in size. Preferably, the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of the air inlet section of the first air inlet cover is 0.5-0.9, and the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of the air outlet section of the first air inlet cover is 0.5-0.9.
The primary impeller is a mixed flow impeller and comprises a first wheel disc and first blades, wherein the first blades are fixedly arranged on the first wheel disc and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first wheel disc; the first blade includes first long blade and the first short blade that the interval set up, first long blade and first short blade evenly arrange on first rim plate, and first long blade outer end and first short blade outer end are all close to first rim plate outer fringe and are located same circumference. Preferably, in the first blades, the number of the first blades is 10-18, the number of the first long blades and the number of the first short blades are the same and are both 5-9, the blade inlet angle beta 1 of the first long blades is 10-90 degrees, the blade outlet angle beta 2 of the first long blades is 10-90 degrees, the wrap angle theta 1 of the first long blades is less than or equal to 150 degrees, the blade inlet angle beta 1 of the first short blades is 10-90 degrees, the blade outlet angle beta 2 of the first short blades is 10-90 degrees, and the wrap angle theta 2 of the first short blades is less than or equal to 150 degrees.
The first-stage guide vane is an axial-flow guide vane and comprises a first guide vane disc and first guide vane blades, wherein the first guide vane blades are fixedly arranged on the first guide vane disc and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first guide vane disc; one side of the first guide vane blade far away from the first guide vane disc is arranged in the shell through the fixing plate. Preferably, the blade inlet angle beta 1 of the first guide blade is 60-170 degrees, the blade outlet angle beta 2 of the first guide blade is 60-130 degrees, and the wrap angle theta of the first guide blade is less than or equal to 150 degrees.
The second-stage axial flow fan module comprises a second air inlet cover, a second-stage impeller, a second-stage guide vane and a second driving module, wherein the second air inlet cover and the second-stage guide vane are fixedly arranged in the shell, the second driving module is fixedly arranged on the second-stage guide vane, the second-stage impeller is positioned in the second air inlet cover and driven to rotate by a motor of the second driving module, and gas rapidly flows under the mechanical force of the second-stage impeller and is axially sent out at an outlet of the second-stage guide vane.
Specifically, the second driving module comprises a second driving motor, the second driving motor is installed on the second guide vane disc through a second fixing piece, and a motor shaft of the second driving motor is fixed with the first wheel disc and directly drives the second-stage impeller to rotate.
The second air inlet cover comprises an air inlet section and an air outlet section which are integrally formed, the air inlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and the diameter of the air inlet section is gradually reduced, the air outlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and the diameter of the air outlet section is gradually increased, and the inner wall of the air outlet section of the second air inlet cover is matched with the outer circumference of the secondary impeller in size. Preferably, the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of the air inlet section of the second air inlet cover is 0.5-0.9, and the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of the air outlet section of the second air inlet cover is 0.5-0.9.
The secondary impeller is a mixed flow impeller and comprises a second wheel disc and second blades, and the second blades are fixedly arranged on the second wheel disc and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second wheel disc; the second blades comprise second long blades and second short blades which are arranged at intervals, the second long blades and the second short blades are uniformly arranged on the second wheel disc, and the outer ends of the second long blades and the outer ends of the second short blades are close to the outer edge of the second wheel disc and located on the same circumference. Preferably, in the second blades, the number of the second blades is 10-18, the number of the second long blades and the number of the second short blades are the same and are both 5-9, the blade inlet angle beta 1 of the second long blades is 10-90 degrees, the blade outlet angle beta 2 of the second long blades is 10-90 degrees, the wrap angle theta 1 of the second long blades is less than or equal to 150 degrees, the blade inlet angle beta 1 of the second short blades is 10-90 degrees, the blade outlet angle beta 2 of the second short blades is 10-90 degrees, and the wrap angle theta 2 of the second short blades is less than or equal to 150 degrees.
The second-stage guide vane is an axial-flow guide vane and comprises a second guide vane disc and second guide vane blades, and the second guide vane blades are fixedly arranged on the second guide vane disc and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second guide vane disc; one side of the second guide vane blade far away from the second guide vane disc is arranged in the shell through the fixing plate. Preferably, the blade inlet angle beta 1 of the second guide blade is 60-170 degrees, the blade outlet angle beta 2 of the second guide blade is 60-130 degrees, and the wrap angle theta of the second guide blade is less than or equal to 150 degrees.
The outer cover is fixed in the shell and is integrally installed with the guide cover through the connecting plate, the outer cover is an annular outer cover, the guide cover is an arc-surface guide cover, the outer cover and the guide cover are concentrically arranged, and the connecting plate uniformly separates a middle axial flow transition channel between the outer cover and the guide cover into more than two airflow channels. Preferably, the maximum diameter of the air guide sleeve is between 0.5 and 0.9 of the diameter of the whole machine, the axial distance of the air guide sleeve is more than 0.1 of the length of the whole machine, and the air guide effect is affected when the axial distance of the air guide sleeve and the outer cover is too short.
In the invention, gaps exist between the first guide vane disc and the first wheel disc and between the first guide vane disc and the guide cover, gaps exist between the second guide vane disc and the second wheel disc, air flow holes are arranged on the first guide vane disc and the second guide vane disc, and air circularly flows in the first guide vane and the second guide vane to dissipate heat of a fixedly installed motor, so that the motor runs stably and has low noise.
In the invention, the total pressure ratio of the primary impeller and the secondary impeller is 1:1-1.5:1, the primary impeller and the secondary impeller are both mixed flow impellers, and the primary guide vane and the secondary guide vane are both in the form of space guide vanes. The first blade of one-level impeller and the first stator blade interval setting of one-level stator, the blade quantity is different at least 1, and the first long blade and the first short blade quantity of one-level impeller are 1 at least simultaneously, and the second blade of second grade impeller and the first stator blade interval setting of two stator, and the blade quantity is different at least 1, and the second long blade and the second short blade quantity of second grade impeller are 1 at least simultaneously, and the blade interval through impeller and stator is crisscross to be set up, realizes that the air current evenly flows, and pneumatic efficiency is high.
The invention adopts a design for changing the flow rate of the whole machine and the width of the wind pressure range under the condition of different primary and secondary rotational speeds, namely, after the rotational speed of the primary module is changed, the rotational speed of the secondary module is adjusted according to the requirement so as to meet the wind pressure requirement. Because the fans are connected in series and the distance between the two modules is smaller, if the second-stage module is directly connected to the rear end of the first-stage guide vane, the inlet air of the second-stage impeller is poor, and the pneumatic performance after the series connection can be seriously influenced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. under the condition that the total pressure and the flow of the fan are unchanged, the two-stage fan has less noise than the single-stage fan, and meanwhile, the running noise of the fan is remarkably reduced through the built-in motor, the guide vane optimal design and the middle axial flow transition structure of the single mixed flow impeller axial flow fan;
2. the motor is arranged in the two-stage axial flow fan, a fan is not required to be arranged, noise is reduced, an airflow microcirculation channel is formed between the impeller and the guide vane, and an intermediate axial flow transition section is arranged, so that the heat dissipation of the driving device is facilitated, the reliability of the driving device is improved, and the service life of the driving device is prolonged;
3. the single mixed flow impeller axial flow fan is applied in a modularized mode, the two-stage modules use independent motors and different rotating speeds, the wind pressure adjusting range is effectively increased, and the fan application scene is wider;
4. the primary module changes the rotating speed, and the secondary module changes the rotating speed, so that the optimal point of different performance working conditions is obtained in a range, the working efficiency of the fan is improved, and the optimal fan performance is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first cross-sectional view of a blower of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second cross-sectional view of the fan of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the blower of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a primary impeller of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a stage one vane of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the connection of the enclosure and pod of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of flow versus wind pressure for a single stage axial flow fan of the present invention at different rotational speeds;
FIG. 8 is a graph of flow versus wind pressure for a two-stage axial flow fan of the present invention at different rotational speeds;
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the pressure of a two-stage axial flow fan of the present invention with a conventional single stage fan;
FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the efficiency of a two-stage axial flow fan of the present invention with a conventional single stage fan;
In the figure: the device comprises a shell, a 2-primary axial flow fan module, a 21-primary air inlet cover, a 22-primary impeller, a 221-primary wheel disc, a 222-first blade, a 23-primary guide blade, a 231-primary guide blade disc, a 232-first guide blade, a 24-primary driving module, a 241-primary driving motor, a 3-intermediate axial flow transition structure, a 31-shell, a 32-guide cover, a 33-connecting plate, a 4-secondary axial flow fan module, a 41-secondary air inlet cover, a 42-secondary impeller, a 421-secondary wheel disc, a 422-second blade, a 43-secondary guide blade, a 431-second guide blade disc, a 432-second guide blade, a 44-second driving module and a 441-second driving motor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1-3, the two-stage variable-speed low-noise axial flow fan provided by the invention comprises a primary axial flow fan module 2, a middle axial flow transition structure 3 and a secondary axial flow fan module 4 which are arranged in a shell 1, wherein the primary axial flow fan module 2 and the secondary axial flow fan module 4 both comprise impellers, guide vanes and a driving module, the guide vanes are fixedly arranged in the shell 1, the driving module is fixedly arranged on the guide vanes, the impellers are driven by a motor of the driving module to rotate so as to realize quick gas flow, the middle axial flow transition structure 3 comprises an outer cover 31 and a guide cover 32, a middle axial flow transition channel is formed between the outer cover 31 and the guide cover 32, the middle axial flow transition channel is respectively communicated with gas flow channels in the primary axial flow fan module 2 and the secondary axial flow fan module 4, gas at an air inlet of the shell enters the primary gas flow channel under the mechanical force of the primary impeller 22 and flows quickly, is buffered through the middle axial flow transition channel and then enters the secondary gas flow channel under the mechanical force of the secondary impeller 42, and then the gas is axially sent out from an air outlet of the shell after reaching required flow and air pressure.
According to the invention, the fan performance design requirement is achieved through the modularized mixed flow impeller axial flow structure fan and the intermediate transition sections which are arranged in series. According to the design requirement of the whole machine, a single module mixed flow impeller axial flow structure is designed, the single module cannot meet the wind pressure requirement, and the wind pressure requirement can be met by connecting a plurality of modules in series. Because the serial modules are mixed flow impellers, the invention also designs a reasonable transition section to enable gas to smoothly enter the inlet of the secondary module impeller, and the transition section is a flow guiding structure of the inlet of the mixed flow impeller, so that the axial flow structure of the single module mixed flow impeller is connected in series without affecting the overall aerodynamic performance.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-3, the primary axial flow fan module 2 includes a first air intake cover 21, a primary impeller 22, a primary guide vane 23 and a first driving module 24, where the first air intake cover 21 and the primary guide vane 23 are fixedly installed in the casing 1, the first driving module 24 is fixedly installed on the primary guide vane 23, the primary impeller 22 is located in the first air intake cover 21 and driven by a motor of the first driving module 24 to rotate, and the gas flows rapidly under the mechanical force of the primary impeller 22 and is axially sent out at the outlet of the primary guide vane 23.
Further, the first air inlet cover 21 includes an integrally formed air inlet section and an air outlet section, the air inlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and gradually reduces in diameter, the air outlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and gradually increases in diameter, and the inner wall of the air outlet section of the first air inlet cover 21 is matched with the outer circumference of the primary impeller 22 in size.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the primary impeller 22 is a mixed-flow impeller, and the primary impeller 22 includes a first wheel disc 221 and first blades 222, and the first blades 222 are fixedly mounted on the first wheel disc 221 and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first wheel disc 221. The first blades 222 include first long blades and first short blades which are arranged at intervals, the first long blades and the first short blades are arranged on the first wheel disc 221 at equal intervals, and the outer ends of the long blades and the outer ends of the short blades are close to the outer edge of the first wheel disc 221 and located on the same circumference. The outer sides of the first blades 222 of the primary impeller 22 and the inner wall of the first air inlet cover 21 have gaps, and the primary impeller 22 can keep free rotation in the first air inlet cover 21.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the first stage vane 23 is an axial-flow vane, the first stage vane 23 includes a first vane disk 231 and first vane blades 232, the first vane blades 232 are fixedly mounted on the first vane disk 231 and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first vane disk 231, the air inlet side of the first vane blades 232 is in butt joint with the air outlet side of the first stage impeller 22, and the air outlet side of the first vane blades 232 is flush with the air outlet side of the first vane disk 231, so that smooth flow of gas between the first stage impeller 22 and the first stage vane 23 is realized. One side of the first guide vane 232, which is far away from the first guide vane disk 231, is installed in the casing 1 through a fixing plate, so that the first guide vane 23 is fixedly installed in the casing 1, and the number of the first guide vane 232 provided with the fixing plate accounts for more than half of the total number.
Further, the first driving module 24 includes a first driving motor 241, the first driving motor 241 is mounted on the first guide vane disk 231 through a first fixing member, a motor shaft of the first driving motor 241 is fixed to the first wheel disk 221, and directly drives the primary impeller 22 to rotate, and the first driving motor 241 is mounted inside the first wheel disk 221 and the first guide vane disk 231, so that the running noise of the motor is effectively reduced. The first driving motor 241 may adopt a flange and bolt mounting structure on the first guide vane disk 231, and a plurality of air flow holes (see fig. 5) are formed in the first driving motor 241 mounting flange and the first guide vane disk, so that the heat dissipation of the motor is facilitated while the structural strength is ensured, and the operation is stable and the noise is low.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-3, the secondary axial flow fan module 4 includes a second air inlet cover 41, a secondary impeller 42, a secondary guide vane 43 and a second driving module 44, where the second air inlet cover 41 and the secondary guide vane 43 are fixedly installed in the casing 1, the second driving module 44 is fixedly installed on the secondary guide vane 43, the secondary impeller 42 is located in the second air inlet cover 41 and is driven to rotate by a motor of the second driving module 44, and gas flows rapidly under the mechanical force of the secondary impeller 42 and is axially sent out at the outlet of the secondary guide vane 43.
Further, the second air inlet cover 41 includes an integrally formed air inlet section and an air outlet section, the air inlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and has a gradually reduced diameter, the air outlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and has a gradually increased diameter, and the inner wall of the air outlet section of the second air inlet cover 41 is matched with the outer circumference of the secondary impeller 42 in size.
Further, the secondary impeller 42 is a mixed-flow impeller, the secondary impeller 42 includes a second wheel disc 421 and second blades 422, and the second blades 422 are fixedly mounted on the second wheel disc 421 and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second wheel disc 421. The second blades 422 include second long blades and second short blades that are arranged at intervals, the second long blades and the second short blades are arranged on the second wheel disc 421 at equal intervals, and the outer ends of the long blades and the outer ends of the short blades are close to the outer edge of the second wheel disc 421 and located on the same circumference. The outer sides of the second blades 422 of the secondary impeller 42 and the inner wall of the second air inlet cover 41 have gaps, and the secondary impeller 42 can keep free rotation in the second air inlet cover 41.
Further, the second-stage guide vane 43 is an axial-flow guide vane, the second-stage guide vane 43 includes a second guide vane disk 431 and second guide vane blades 432, the second guide vane blades 432 are fixedly mounted on the second guide vane disk 431 and uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second guide vane disk 431, the air inlet side of the second guide vane blades 432 is in butt joint with the air outlet side of the second-stage impeller 42, and the air outlet side of the second guide vane blades 432 is flush with the air outlet side of the second guide vane disk 431, so that smooth flow of gas between the second-stage impeller 42 and the second-stage guide vane 43 is realized. The side of the second guide vane 432, which is far away from the second guide vane disk 431, is installed in the casing 1 through a fixing plate, so that the second guide vane 43 is fixedly installed in the casing 1, and the number of the second guide vane 432 provided with the fixing plate accounts for more than half of the total number.
Further, the second driving module 44 includes a second driving motor 441, the second driving motor 441 is mounted on the second guide vane disk 431 via a second fixing member, a motor shaft of the second driving motor 441 is fixed to the second wheel disk 421, and directly drives the second-stage impeller 42 to rotate, and the second driving motor 441 is mounted inside the second wheel disk 421 and the second guide vane disk 431, so as to effectively reduce the operation noise of the motor. The second driving motor 441 can adopt a flange and bolt mounting structure on the second guide vane 431, and a plurality of air flow holes are formed in the mounting flange of the second driving motor 441 and the second guide vane 431, so that the motor is favorable for heat dissipation while the structural strength is ensured, and the operation is stable and the noise is low.
Further, gaps exist between the first guide vane disk 231 and the first wheel disk 221, and between the first guide vane disk 231 and the air guide sleeve 32, gaps exist between the second guide vane disk 431 and the second wheel disk 421, and air flow holes are formed in the first guide vane disk 231 of the first-stage guide vane 23 and the second guide vane disk 431 of the second-stage guide vane 43. After the fan operates, pressure differences exist on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the primary guide vane 23 and the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the secondary guide vane 43, the gaps are combined with air flow holes on the guide vane disc, air flow microcirculation is formed in the fan, heat dissipation is carried out on a driving motor arranged on the guide vane disc, fan setting is canceled, and motor operation noise is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-3, the outer cover 31 is mounted on the inner wall of the casing 1 through fasteners, the air guide cover 32 is mounted on the air outlet side of the primary axial flow fan module 2, and two ends of the outer cover 31 are respectively connected with the air outlet side of the primary axial flow fan module 2 and the air inlet side of the secondary axial flow fan module 4. Specifically as shown in fig. 6, the outer cover 31 is fixed in the casing 1, the outer cover 31 and the air guide sleeve 32 are integrally and fixedly mounted through the connecting plate, the outer cover 31 is an annular outer cover 31, the air guide sleeve 32 is an arc-surface air guide sleeve 32, the outer cover 31 and the air guide sleeve 32 are concentrically arranged, the connecting plate 33 uniformly divides the middle axial flow transition channel into six airflow channels, the connecting plate 33 is six and radially mounted at the center of the air guide sleeve 32, the connecting plate 33 is arranged to prevent gas from generating rotational flow at the center of the air guide sleeve 33, the gas flow stability is improved, and meanwhile, the outer cover 31 and the air guide sleeve 32 are integrally mounted, so that the middle axial flow transition structure is high in strength, smooth gas flow is facilitated, and the natural inflow requirement of the inlet of the secondary impeller is better met.
Further, the external diameter of the whole fan is 200mm, the variable range of the secondary motor is between 480 rpm and 5000rpm, and the maximum wind pressure range is between 0Pa and 1800Pa. In order to meet the compact design requirement, the axial distance of the guide cover of the middle transition section is not less than 36mm and not more than 72mm.
In order to meet different performance requirements of the fan, the optimal configuration of the two-stage module rotating speed is obtained through flow and wind pressure tests at different rotating speeds. The settings of the different motor speeds Q are shown in the following table:
| Sequence number | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 |
| Rotational speed RPM | 1400 | 1900 | 2400 | 2900 | 3400 | 3900 | 4400 | 4900 |
Under different motor speeds, certain corresponding relations exist between flow and wind pressure. As shown in fig. 7, for the single-stage axial flow fan, for the flow rate condition of 100m 3/h, at the motor rotational speeds of Q1 (1400 rpm), Q2 (1900 rpm), Q3 (2400 rpm), Q4 (2900 rpm), Q5 (3400 rpm), Q6 (3900 rpm), Q7 (4400 rpm), the total wind pressure values measured respectively were 62Pa, 142Pa, 217Pa, 350Pa, 508Pa, 708Pa, 945Pa, and it is apparent that the higher the rotational speed was, the higher the total wind pressure corresponding to the same flow rate was.
For the two-stage axial flow fan with the middle axial flow transition section, for the two-stage motor speeds (the condition that the Q1 and the Q6 are the first-stage motor speed Q1 and the second-stage motor speed Q6) of Q1 and Q6, Q2 and Q5, Q3 and Q4, Q3 and Q5, Q4 and Q5, Q3 and Q7, and the like, the measured flow and full wind pressure data are fitted to obtain flow-wind pressure curves of the two-stage axial flow fan at different speeds as shown in fig. 8, so that the optimum performance in different ranges of full wind pressure and flow can be obtained by matching proper two-stage motor speed combinations according to the full wind pressure and flow requirements of the designed fan.
When the fan is designed, the total pressure and flow of the fan are unchanged, and under the condition that the total pressure and flow of the fan are unchanged, the two-stage booster fan is lower in noise than the existing single-stage booster fan. Since the flow rates are the same, for example, Q, the total pressure of the blower is Pt. The invention adopts two stages of impellers, the flow rate of each stage of impeller is still Q, but the total pressure shared by each stage of impeller is smaller than the total pressure, so that the peripheral speed of each stage of impeller is reduced, and the diameter of each stage of impeller is also reduced. Therefore, the fan adopting the two-stage impeller can effectively reduce the absolute speed inside the fan, thereby reducing the noise of the fan. And the diameter of each stage of impeller blades is reduced. Therefore, the invention adopts the structural form of the two-stage mixed flow impeller axial flow fan, and can effectively reduce the absolute wind speed in the fan, thereby greatly reducing the pneumatic noise, and the structural form of the fan also realizes the requirement of axial inlet and outlet air.
In order to remarkably reduce pneumatic noise, under the condition of ensuring pneumatic efficiency, each parameter of the two-stage variable speed low-noise fan disclosed by the invention is required to meet the following conditions:
The total pressure ratio of the primary impeller and the secondary impeller is 1:1-1.5:1, the primary impeller and the secondary impeller are both mixed flow impellers, and the primary guide vane and the secondary guide vane are both in the form of space guide vanes. The first blade of one-level impeller and the first stator blade interval setting of one-level stator, the blade quantity is different at least 1, and the first long blade and the first short blade quantity of one-level impeller are 1 at least simultaneously, and the second blade of second grade impeller and the first stator blade interval setting of two stator, and the blade quantity is different at least 1, and the second long blade and the second short blade quantity of second grade impeller are 1 at least simultaneously, and the blade interval through impeller and stator is crisscross to be set up, realizes that the air current evenly flows, and pneumatic efficiency is high. In this embodiment, the number of the first blades and the second blades is 14, where the number of the first long blades is 7, the number of the first short blades is 7, the number of the second long blades is 7, the number of the second short blades is 7, and the number of the first guide vane blades and the number of the second guide vane blades are 12.
The distance from the tail edge of the middle flow surface of the blade to the center of the impeller is called the outer diameter D of the blade, the inlet angle of the blade is beta 1, the outlet angle of the blade is beta 2, the wrap angle of the blade is theta, and the blade represents the blades of each stage of impeller and the blades of each stage of guide vane, and then the method comprises the following steps:
the whole machine parameters of the invention are as follows: the outer diameter D of the whole machine is 190-200 mm, and the length L of the whole machine is 250-350 mm;
First air inlet cover parameters: the maximum diameter D1 of the inner wall of the air inlet section is 150-170 mm, the diameter D2 of the inner wall of the joint of the air inlet section and the air outlet section is 100-120 mm (minimum diameter), and the maximum diameter D3 of the inner wall of the air outlet section is 170-190 mm;
primary impeller parameters: the number of the first blades is 10-18, the number of the first long blades is the same as that of the first short blades, and the number of the first long blades is 5-9, and the parameters of the first long blades are as follows: beta 1≤90°,10°≤β2≤90°,0°＜θ1 degrees is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees, and the first short blade parameter is as follows: beta 1≤90°,10°≤β2≤90°,0°＜θ2 degrees is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees, and the axial distance of the first wheel disc is 30-50 mm;
primary guide vane parameters: the number of the first guide vane blades is 9-15, and the parameters of the first guide vane blades are as follows: beta 1≤170°,60°≤β2 is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 130 degrees, theta is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees, and the axial distance of the first guide vane disk is 30-50 mm;
Intermediate transition parameters: the diameter D1 of the air guide sleeve is 120-185 mm, the axial distance L1 of the air guide sleeve is 30-50 mm, the diameter D2 of the air inlet side of the outer cover is 185-198mm, the diameter D3 of the air outlet side of the outer cover is 150-170 mm, and the axial distance L2 of the outer cover is 30-50 mm;
Second air inlet cover parameters: the maximum diameter D1 of the inner wall of the air inlet section is 150-170 mm, the diameter D2 of the inner wall of the joint of the air inlet section and the air outlet section is 100-120 mm (minimum diameter), and the maximum diameter D3 of the inner wall of the air outlet section is 170-190 mm;
secondary impeller parameters: the number of the second blades is 10-18, the number of the second long blades is the same as that of the second short blades, and the number of the second long blades is 5-9, and the parameters of the second long blades are as follows: beta 1≤90°,10°≤β2≤90°,0°＜θ1 degrees is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees, and the second short blade parameter is as follows: beta 1≤90°,10°≤β2≤90°,0°＜θ2 degrees is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees, and the axial distance of the second wheel disc is 30-50 mm;
secondary guide vane parameters: the number of the second guide vane blades is 9-15, and parameters of the second guide vane blades are as follows: beta 1≤170°,60°≤β2 is more than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 130 degrees, theta is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 150 degrees, and the axial distance of the second guide vane disk is 30-50 mm.
It should be understood that in the present invention, the above-mentioned dimension parameters (the whole machine, the air intake cover, the impeller, the guide vane and the transition section parameters) can be calculated in a dimensionless manner (i.e. the dimension is reduced or increased in an equal proportion) to achieve the same technical effect.
Example 1
Parameters of the whole machine: the outer diameter D of the whole machine is 200mm, and the length L of the whole machine is 300mm;
First air inlet cover parameters: the maximum diameter D1 of the inner wall of the air inlet section is 165mm, the diameter D2 of the inner wall of the joint of the air inlet section and the air outlet section is 110mm (minimum diameter), and the maximum diameter D3 of the inner wall of the air outlet section is 185mm;
Primary impeller parameters: the number of the first blades is 14, the number of the first long blades and the number of the first short blades are 7, the outer diameter D of the first long blades is 180mm, the inlet angle beta 1 of the first long blades is 38 degrees, the outlet angle beta 2 of the first long blades is 38 degrees, the wrap angle theta 1 of the first long blades is 85 degrees, the outer diameter D of the first short blades is 180mm, the inlet angle beta 1 of the first short blades is 38 degrees, the outlet angle beta 2 of the first short blades is 38 degrees, the wrap angle beta 2 of the first short blades is 85 degrees, and the axial distance of the first wheel disc is 30mm;
Primary guide vane parameters: the number of the first guide vane blades is 12, the outer diameter D of the first guide vane blades is 194mm, the inlet angle beta 1 of the first guide vane blades is 86 degrees, the outlet angle beta 2 of the first guide vane blades is 86 degrees, the wrap angle theta of the first guide vane blades is 23 degrees, and the axial distance of the first guide vane disc is 48mm;
intermediate transition parameters: the diameter D1 of the air guide sleeve is 194mm, the axial distance L1 of the air guide sleeve is 36mm, the diameter D2 of the air inlet side of the outer cover is 194mm, the diameter D3 of the air outlet side of the outer cover is 165mm, and the axial distance L2 of the outer cover is 36mm;
Second air inlet cover parameters: the maximum diameter D1 of the inner wall of the air inlet section is 165mm, the diameter D2 of the inner wall of the joint of the air inlet section and the air outlet section is 110mm (minimum diameter), and the maximum diameter D3 of the inner wall of the air outlet section is 185mm;
Secondary impeller parameters: the number of the second blades is 14, the number of the second long blades and the number of the second short blades are 7, the outer diameter D of the second long blades is 180mm, the inlet angle beta 1 of the second long blades is 38 degrees, the outlet angle beta 2 of the second long blades is 38 degrees, the wrap angle theta 1 of the second long blades is 85 degrees, the outer diameter D of the second short blades is 180mm, the inlet angle beta 1 of the second short blades is 38 degrees, the outlet angle beta 2 of the second short blades is 38 degrees, the wrap angle beta 2 of the second short blades is 85 degrees, and the axial distance of the second wheel disc is 30mm;
secondary guide vane parameters: the number of the second guide vane blades is 12, the outer diameter D of the second guide vane blades is 194mm, the inlet angle beta 1 of the second guide vane blades is 86 degrees, the outlet angle beta 2 of the second guide vane blades is 86 degrees, the wrap angle theta of the second guide vane blades is 23 degrees, and the axial distance of the second guide vane disc is 48mm.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, through model tests, under the conditions that rated flow is 600 m/h, primary rotating speed is 2500rpm, and secondary rotating speed is 2500rpm, compared with the pressure and efficiency of a conventional single-stage fan, the pressure of the fan is improved, the efficiency is obviously improved, and the service performance is better. Meanwhile, the noise of the two-stage axial flow fan without the shaft flow transition structure is 49 dB, and the noise of the two-stage axial flow fan without the shaft flow transition structure is 65 dB, which indicates that the middle axial flow transition structure not only ensures that the two-stage axial flow fan has high pneumatic efficiency, but also has good noise reduction effect.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent changes made on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two-stage variable speed low noise axial fan, includes one-level axial fan module (2), middle axial flow transition structure (3) and second grade axial fan module (4) of installing in shell (1), its characterized in that: the utility model provides a high-speed axial fan module, including first-level axial fan module (2) and second grade axial fan module (4), stator fixed mounting is in shell (1), and drive module fixed mounting is on the stator, and the impeller drives the rotation by drive module's motor and realizes gaseous quick flow, intermediate axial flow transition structure (3) are including dustcoat (31) and kuppe (32) of an organic whole installation, form intermediate axial flow transition passageway between dustcoat (31) and kuppe (32), intermediate axial flow transition passageway communicates with the gas flow passageway in first-level axial fan module (2) and the second grade axial fan module (4) respectively.
2. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 1, wherein: the primary axial flow fan module (2) comprises a first air inlet cover (21), a primary impeller (22), a primary guide vane (23) and a first driving module (24), wherein the first air inlet cover (21) and the primary guide vane (23) are fixedly arranged in the shell (1), the first driving module (24) is fixedly arranged on the primary guide vane (23), the primary impeller (22) is positioned in the first air inlet cover (21) and is driven to rotate by a motor of the first driving module (24), and gas rapidly flows under the mechanical force of the primary impeller (22) and is axially sent out at an outlet of the primary guide vane (23).
3. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 2, wherein: the first air inlet cover (21) comprises an air inlet section and an air outlet section which are integrally formed, the air inlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and is gradually reduced in diameter, the air outlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and is gradually increased in diameter, and the inner wall of the air outlet section of the first air inlet cover (21) is matched with the outer circumference of the primary impeller (22).
4. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 2, wherein: the primary impeller (22) is a mixed flow impeller, the primary impeller (22) comprises a first wheel disc (221) and first blades (222), and the first blades (222) are fixedly arranged on the first wheel disc (221) and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first wheel disc (221); the first blades (222) comprise first long blades and first short blades which are arranged at intervals, the first long blades and the first short blades are uniformly arranged on the first wheel disc (221), and the outer ends of the first long blades and the outer ends of the first short blades are close to the outer edge of the first wheel disc (221) and located on the same circumference.
5. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 2, wherein: the primary guide vane (23) is an axial-flow guide vane, the primary guide vane (23) comprises a first guide vane disc (231) and first guide vane blades (232), and the first guide vane blades (232) are fixedly arranged on the first guide vane disc (231) and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first guide vane disc (231); one side of the first guide vane blade (232) far away from the first guide vane disk (231) is arranged in the shell (1) through a fixing plate.
6. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary axial flow fan module (4) comprises a second air inlet cover (41), a secondary impeller (42), a secondary guide vane (43) and a second driving module (44), wherein the second air inlet cover (41) and the secondary guide vane (43) are fixedly installed in the shell (1), the second driving module (44) is fixedly installed on the secondary guide vane (43), the secondary impeller (42) is located in the second air inlet cover (41) and driven by a motor of the second driving module (44) to rotate, and gas rapidly flows under the action of mechanical force of the secondary impeller (42) and is axially sent out at an outlet of the secondary guide vane (43).
7. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 6, wherein: the second air inlet cover (41) comprises an air inlet section and an air outlet section which are integrally formed, the air inlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and is gradually reduced in diameter, the air outlet section is of a horn-shaped structure and is gradually increased in diameter, and the inner wall of the air outlet section of the second air inlet cover (41) is matched with the outer circumference of the secondary impeller (42).
8. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 6, wherein: the secondary impeller (42) is a mixed flow impeller, the secondary impeller (42) comprises a second wheel disc (421) and second blades (422), and the second blades (422) are fixedly arranged on the second wheel disc (421) and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second wheel disc (421); the second blades (422) comprise second long blades and second short blades which are arranged at intervals, the second long blades and the second short blades are uniformly arranged on the second wheel disc (421), and the outer ends of the second long blades and the outer ends of the second short blades are close to the outer edge of the second wheel disc (421) and located on the same circumference.
9. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to claim 6, wherein: the secondary guide vane (43) is an axial-flow guide vane, the secondary guide vane (43) comprises a second guide vane disk (431) and second guide vane blades (432), and the second guide vane blades (432) are fixedly arranged on the second guide vane disk (431) and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second guide vane disk (431); the side of the second guide vane blade (432) far away from the second guide vane disk (431) is arranged in the shell (1) through a fixing plate.
10. The two-stage variable speed low noise axial flow fan according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the outer cover (31) is fixed in the shell (1) and is integrally installed with the guide cover (32) through the connecting plate (33), the outer cover (31) is an annular outer cover (31), the guide cover (32) is an arc-surface guide cover, the outer cover (31) and the guide cover (32) are concentrically arranged, and the connecting plate (33) separates an intermediate axial flow transition channel between the outer cover (31) and the guide cover (32) into more than two airflow channels.
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