CN117905548A - Back heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, and provides a regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system, which can comprise: heat source, turbine, regenerator, precooler, compressor and generator. The turbine comprises a medium inlet and a medium outlet, and the medium inlet is communicated with the heating outlet; the heat regenerator is arranged on the outer side of the periphery of the turbine in a surrounding mode, the heat regenerator comprises a first channel and a second channel, the medium outlet is communicated with the first channel, and the second channel is communicated with the heat source; the precooler is communicated with the first channel; the precooler is arranged on the outer side of the periphery of the compressor, the compressor comprises a compression inlet and a compression outlet, the compression inlet is communicated with the precooler, and the compression outlet is communicated with the second channel; the generator is connected with the output shaft, and the output shaft drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generator is used for driving the compressor to operate. According to the Brayton cycle system provided by the embodiment, the whole space occupation of the system is reduced, and the whole integration level is improved.

Description

Back heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system.

Background

The supercritical carbon dioxide has the physical characteristics of large reserves, strong compressibility, difficult reaction with other substances and the like, and compared with the power cycle taking supersaturated vapor, helium and the like as media, the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton direct cycle is easier to obtain high efficiency. Meanwhile, the turbine machinery required by supercritical carbon dioxide circulation has smaller size and low production cost, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide becomes the first choice of power circulation medium of a new generation of nuclear power plants.

At present, the related patent of the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle equipment published in China is only designed by the whole principle, and a specific mechanical structure is not proposed.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system.

The application discloses a regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system, which can comprise: the heat source comprises a heating inlet and a heating outlet; the turbine comprises a medium inlet, a medium outlet and an output shaft, and the medium inlet is communicated with the heating outlet; the heat regenerator is arranged on the outer side of the periphery of the turbine in a surrounding mode, the heat regenerator comprises a first channel and a second channel, the medium outlet is communicated with the first channel, and the second channel is communicated with the heating inlet; the precooler is communicated with the first channel; the precooler is arranged on the outer side of the periphery of the compressor, the compressor comprises a compression inlet and a compression outlet, the compression inlet is communicated with the precooler, and the compression outlet is communicated with the second channel; the generator is connected with the output shaft, and the output shaft drives the generator to generate electricity, and the generator is used for driving the compressor to operate.

In this way, the embodiment provides a specific structure and specific equipment of back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system, and the heat source is used for heating carbon dioxide, and the turbine is used for turbine acting, and the drive generator generates electricity, and the generator drives the compressor operation once and forms the circulation, and wherein, the regenerator encloses the circumference outside at the turbine, and the precooler encloses the circumference outside at the compressor, can reduce the holistic space occupation of system to a certain extent, improves the holistic integrated level of system.

In some embodiments of the application, the first passage includes a first annular passage and a second annular passage, one end of the first annular passage being in communication with the medium outlet and the other end being in communication with the second annular passage, the second annular passage being in communication with the precooler.

In some embodiments of the application, the second passage comprises a third annular passage and a fourth annular passage, one end of the third annular passage being in communication with the compression outlet and the other end being in communication with the fourth annular passage, the fourth annular passage being in communication with the heat source.

In some embodiments of the application, the regenerator further comprises a first pass module formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange sheets, the plurality of heat exchange sheets comprising a plurality of first heat exchange sheets and a plurality of second heat exchange sheets; the first heat exchange sheet is provided with a first communication groove, one end of the first communication groove is communicated with the first annular channel, and the other end of the first communication groove is communicated with the second annular channel; the second heat exchange sheet is provided with a second communication groove, one end of the second communication groove is communicated with the third annular channel, and the other end of the second communication groove is communicated with the fourth annular channel.

In some embodiments of the application, the first conduction module is formed by sequentially overlapping a first heat exchange sheet and a second heat exchange sheet.

In some embodiments of the application, the number of first conduction modules is a plurality.

In some embodiments of the application, the precooler includes a fifth annular passage in communication with the first passage and a sixth annular passage in communication with the compression inlet.

In some embodiments of the application, the precooler comprises a cooler for cooling the medium in the fifth and sixth annular channels.

In some embodiments of the application, the precooler includes a seventh annular passage and an eighth annular passage in communication, the seventh annular passage in communication with the eighth annular passage, the seventh annular passage in communication with the inlet of the cooler and the eighth annular passage in communication with the outlet of the cooler.

In some embodiments of the application, the precooler further comprises a second pass-through module formed from a stack of a plurality of heat exchange sheets including a plurality of third heat exchange sheets and a plurality of fourth heat exchange sheets; the third heat exchange sheet is provided with a third communication groove, one end of the third communication groove is communicated with the fifth annular channel, and the other end of the third communication groove is communicated with the sixth annular channel; the fourth heat exchange sheet is provided with a fourth communication groove, one end of the fourth communication groove is communicated with the seventh annular channel, and the other end of the fourth communication groove is communicated with the eighth annular channel.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle system according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the Brayton cycle system shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the regenerator and cooler shown in FIG. 2;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the regenerator shown in fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a first heat exchange sheet provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a second heat exchange sheet provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the cooler shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a third heat exchange sheet provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a fourth heat exchange sheet provided in some embodiments of the present application.

Reference numerals:

100. A brayton cycle system;

120. A regenerator; 124. a first channel; 1241. a first annular channel; 1242. a second annular channel; 1243. a third annular channel; 1244. a fourth annular channel; 1245. a first conduction module; 1246. heating the communicating pipe; 125. a second channel; 126. a first heat exchange sheet; 1261. a first communication groove; 127. a second heat exchange sheet; 1271. a second communication groove;

130. A turbine; 131. an output shaft; 132. a medium inlet; 133. a medium outlet;

140. A precooler; 141. a fifth annular channel; 142. a sixth annular channel; 143. a seventh annular channel; 144. an eighth annular channel; 145. a second conduction module; 146. a third heat exchange sheet; 1461. a third communication groove; 147. a fourth heat exchange sheet; 1471. a fourth communication groove;

150. A compressor; 151. a compression inlet;

160. And (5) a generator.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, a further description of aspects of the present disclosure will be provided below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present application discloses a regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system 100, wherein supercritical carbon dioxide is liquid carbon dioxide, which is a new state formed by suddenly disappearing the interface between liquid and gas at a certain temperature and pressure, i.e. at and above the critical point, and has both partial properties of gas and liquid, and also new properties. The brayton cycle is a thermodynamic cycle that is primarily used to convert thermal energy into mechanical or other forms of energy.

The brayton cycle system 100 may include a heat source, a turbine 130, a regenerator 120, a precooler 140, a compressor 150, and a generator 160.

The heat source may be a carbon dioxide reactor, the turbine 130 is a machine for converting energy and mechanical energy stored in a fluid medium into each other, the turbine 130 includes an output shaft 131, the output shaft 131 of the turbine 130 is connected to a generator 160, and the generator 160 is used for driving the generator 160 to generate electricity, and the generator 160 is used for driving the compressor 150 to operate.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide flows out from a heat source, firstly flows through a turbine 130, the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide drives the turbine 130 to work and drives a generator 160 to generate power, the generator 160 drives a compressor 150 to operate, the carbon dioxide flowing out from the turbine 130 flows to a regenerator 120 to cool, the carbon dioxide flowing out from the regenerator 120 further cools after passing through a precooler 140, the carbon dioxide flowing out from the precooler 140 flows to the compressor 150, the compressor 150 pressurizes the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide flowing out from the compressor 150 flows to the regenerator 120, the regenerator 120 heats the carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide flowing out from the regenerator 120 finally flows to the heat source to form a cycle.

Wherein the heat source may include a heating inlet and a heating outlet, and the turbine 130 may include a medium inlet 132 and a medium outlet 133, the medium inlet 132 being in communication with the heating outlet. Regenerator 120 may include a first channel 124 and a second channel 125, with a medium outlet 133 in communication with first channel 124 and second channel 125 in communication with a heat source. Precooler 140 is in communication with first passage 124; the compressor 150 may include a compression inlet 151 in communication with the precooler 140 and a compression outlet in communication with the second passage 125.

Taking the specific implementation process shown in fig. 1 as an example, high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 16 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 550 ℃) passing through the heat source flows from the heating outlet to the medium inlet 132 of the turbine 130, the energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy by the turbine 130, the high-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 8 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 429.96 ℃) is discharged from the medium outlet 133 and flows to the first channel 124 of the regenerator 120, the temperature of the carbon dioxide flowing through the first channel 124 is reduced to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 8 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 85 ℃), then flows to the precooler 140 to obtain low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 8 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 35 ℃), then flows to the compressor 150 to obtain low-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 16 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 70.2 ℃), then flows to the regenerator 120 to heat to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 16 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 328 ℃), and then flows to the heating inlet of the heat source to heat to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide (with the pressure of 16 standard atmospheres and the temperature of 550 ℃), and the circulation is formed.

The carbon dioxide a flowing from the turbine 130 to the precooler 140 is cooled by the heat regenerator 120, and the carbon dioxide b flowing from the compressor 150 to the heat source is heated by the heat regenerator 120, which can be understood that the carbon dioxide a transfers heat to the carbon dioxide b in the circulating process, so as to realize the cooling of the carbon dioxide a and the heating of the carbon dioxide b, thereby reducing the heat loss and improving the energy utilization efficiency.

In some embodiments of the application, referring to fig. 3, the turbine 130, the compressor 150 and the generator 160 are coaxially arranged, the regenerator 120 is disposed circumferentially outward of the turbine 130, and the precooler 140 is disposed circumferentially outward of the compressor 150. Therefore, the occupied space of the whole system can be reduced to a certain extent, and the integrated level of the whole system is improved.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the regenerator 120 is formed in a cylindrical shape, the turbine 130 is positioned inside the regenerator 120, the precooler 140 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the compressor 150 is positioned inside the precooler 140.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5 and referring to fig. 3, the first passage 124 may include a first annular passage 1241 and a second annular passage 1242, one end of the first annular passage 1241 being in communication with the medium outlet 133 and the other end being in communication with the second annular passage 1242. Thus, by providing the first annular passage 1241 and the second annular passage 1242 in the annular shape, on the one hand, the space on the outer side in the circumferential direction of the turbine 130 can be fully utilized, the length of the first passage 124 can be increased, and the moving path of the carbon dioxide in the first passage 124 can be further increased, and on the other hand, the integration level of the whole system can be increased.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the second annular channel 1242 is located circumferentially outside the first annular channel 1241, the first annular channel 1241 is formed into a cylinder, one axial end of the first annular channel 1241 is communicated with the medium outlet 133, and the other axial end of the first annular channel 1241 is communicated with the second annular channel 1242, so that the movement path of carbon dioxide in the first channel 124 can be increased to the greatest extent, and the heat exchange effect can be improved.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5 and referring to fig. 3, the second passage 125 may include a third annular passage 1243 and a fourth annular passage 1244, the third annular passage 1243 communicating at a first end with the compression outlet and at the other end with the fourth annular passage 1244, the fourth annular passage 1244 communicating with the heating inlet. Thus, by providing the third annular passage 1243 and the fourth annular passage 1244 as annular shapes, on the one hand, the space on the outer side in the circumferential direction of the turbine 130 can be fully utilized, the length of the second passage 125 can be increased, and the movement path of the carbon dioxide in the second passage 125 can be further increased, and on the other hand, the integration level of the whole brayton cycle system 100 can be increased.

Wherein, the fourth annular channel 1244 is provided with a heating communicating tube 1246 communicated with the heating inlet to realize communication between the fourth annular channel 1244 and the heating inlet.

Specifically, the third annular channel 1243 is located at an end of the regenerator 120 axially close to the compressor 150, and the fourth annular channel 1244 is located at an end of the regenerator 120 axially far from the compressor 150, so that a distance between the third annular channel 1243 and the fourth annular channel 1244 can be increased, a flow path of carbon dioxide in the second channel 125 is increased, and a heat exchange effect is further improved.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring still to fig. 5, regenerator 120 may further include a first pass module 1245, the first pass module 1245 being formed from a stack of heat exchange sheets, which may include a plurality of first heat exchange sheets 126 and a plurality of second heat exchange sheets 127. First heat exchange sheet 126 is provided with first communication groove 1261, one end of first communication groove 1261 communicates with first annular channel 1241, and the other end communicates with second annular channel 1242. The second heat exchange fin 127 is provided with a second communication groove 1271, one end of the second communication groove 1271 communicates with the third annular passage 1243, and the other end communicates with the fourth annular passage 1244.

In this way, by providing the first pass-through module 1245, the first and second annular passages 1241 and 1242, the third and fourth annular passages 1243 and 1244 are respectively communicated.

The number of first communicating grooves 1261 on the first heat exchange sheet 126 may be plural, and the number of second communicating grooves 1271 on the second heat exchange sheet 127 may be plural.

In a specific implementation, the number of first communication grooves 1261 on the first heat exchange sheet 126 may be five, ten, fifteen, twenty, etc.; the number of second communicating grooves 1271 on the second heat exchanging fin 127 may be five, ten, fifteen, twenty, etc.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5 to 7, the first conduction module 1245 is formed by overlapping the first heat exchange sheet 126 and the second heat exchange sheet 127 in sequence, that is, the first communication groove 1261 and the second communication groove 1271 are spaced apart, and it should be noted that, heat exchange is performed between the carbon dioxide flowing through the first communication groove 1261 and the carbon dioxide flowing through the second communication groove 1271, so that the first heat exchange sheet 126 and the second heat exchange sheet 127 overlap in sequence, so that the heat exchange effect between the carbon dioxide flowing through the first communication groove 1261 and the carbon dioxide flowing through the second communication groove 1271 can be better ensured, and the heat exchange effect of the regenerator 120 is further improved.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5 to 7, the first conduction module 1245 is located between the third annular channel 1243 and the fourth annular channel 1244, the first conduction module 1245 is located at a circumferential outer side of the first annular channel 1241, and the first conduction module 1245 is located at a circumferential outer side of the second annular module, so that on the premise of ensuring that the first annular channel 1241 is communicated with the second annular channel 1242, the integration level between parts is improved and the space occupation of the regenerator 120 is reduced on the premise of ensuring that the third annular channel 1243 is communicated with the fourth annular channel 1244.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the first conduction modules 1245 is plural, and the plural first conduction modules 1245 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the turbine 130, so that the number of heat exchange sheets is increased during the flow of the carbon dioxide between the first annular channel 1241 and the second annular channel 1242 and the flow of the carbon dioxide between the third annular channel 1243 and the fourth annular channel 1244, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange effect of the regenerator 120.

In a specific implementation, the number of the first conductive modules 1245 may be two, three, four, five, six, etc.

In some embodiments of the present application, regenerator 120 may further include a regenerator 120 housing defining a receiving space, wherein first annular channel 1241, second annular channel 1242, third annular channel 1243, fourth annular channel 1244, and first pass-through module 1245 are positioned within the receiving space of regenerator 120.

In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 8-10, the precooler 140 may include a fifth annular passage 141 and a sixth annular passage 142, the fifth annular passage 141 being in communication with a third annular passage 1243 and the sixth annular passage 142 being in communication with the compression inlet 151. Thus, communication between precooler 140 and regenerator 120 is achieved by providing fifth annular passage 141 and communication between precooler 140 and compressor 150 is achieved by providing sixth annular passage 142. By providing the fifth annular passage 141 and the sixth annular passage 142 in the annular shape, the space on the outer side in the circumferential direction of the compressor 150 can be fully utilized, and the integration of the whole system can be increased.

Specifically, the compressor is formed in a cylindrical shape, the fifth annular passage 141 is located at one end in the axial direction of the compressor, and the sixth annular passage 142 is located at the other end in the axial direction of the compressor. In this way, the distance between the fifth annular channel 141 and the sixth annular channel 142 can be increased, and the flow path of the carbon dioxide in the cooler can be increased, so that the heat exchange effect of the precooler 140 can be improved.

In some embodiments of the application, precooler 140 may further include a chiller for cooling the medium within fifth annular passage 141 and sixth annular passage 142. The cooling machine can be a liquid cooling machine or an air cooling machine.

In a specific implementation process, the chiller provides the refrigerant (the pressure is 0.101 standard atmospheric pressure and the temperature is 25 ℃) to the precooler 140, and the chiller outputs the refrigerant (the pressure is 0.101 standard atmospheric pressure and the temperature is 39.5 ℃) after heat absorption.

Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 8, the precooler 140 further includes a seventh annular channel 143 and an eighth annular channel 144 that are in communication, the seventh annular channel 143 being in communication with the eighth annular channel 144, the seventh annular channel 143 being in communication with the inlet of the cooler, the eighth annular channel 144 being in communication with the outlet of the cooler, whereby heat exchange is achieved between the connected seventh annular channel 143 and eighth annular channel 144 and the connected fifth annular channel 141 and sixth annular channel 142.

Referring to fig. 8, the flow direction of the carbon dioxide is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling medium, so that sufficient heat exchange between the carbon dioxide and the cooling medium can be fully ensured, and the cooling effect of the cooler 140 can be improved.

In some embodiments of the application, precooler 140 may further include a second conduction module 145, second conduction module 145 being formed from a stack of a plurality of heat exchange sheets, which may include a plurality of third heat exchange sheets 146 and a plurality of fourth heat exchange sheets 147.

The third heat exchange sheet 146 is provided with a third communication groove 1461, one end of the third communication groove 1461 communicates with the fifth annular channel 141, and the other end communicates with the sixth annular channel 142. The fourth heat exchange sheet 147 is provided with a fourth communication groove 1471, and one end of the fourth communication groove 1471 communicates with the seventh annular channel 143, and the other end communicates with the eighth annular channel 144. Thus, by providing the second conduction block 145, the seventh annular passage 143 and the eighth annular passage 144, and the fifth annular passage 141 and the sixth annular passage 142 are respectively communicated.

The number of the third communication grooves 1461 on the third heat exchange sheet 146 may be plural, and the number of the fourth communication grooves 1471 on the fourth heat exchange sheet 147 may be plural.

In a specific implementation, the number of the third communicating grooves 1461 on the third heat exchange sheet 146 may be five, ten, fifteen, twenty, etc.; the number of second communication grooves 1471 on the fourth heat exchange sheet 147 may be five, ten, fifteen, twenty, etc.

In some embodiments of the present application, the second conduction module 145 is formed by overlapping the third heat exchange sheet 146 and the fourth heat exchange sheet 147 in sequence, that is, the third communication groove 1461 and the fourth communication groove 1471 are spaced apart, it should be noted that, heat exchange is performed between the carbon dioxide flowing through the third communication groove 1461 and the carbon dioxide flowing through the fourth communication groove 1471, so that the third heat exchange sheet 146 and the fourth heat exchange sheet 147 overlap in sequence, and the heat exchange effect between the carbon dioxide flowing through the third communication groove 1461 and the carbon dioxide flowing through the fourth communication groove 1471 can be better ensured, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the precooler 140.

Specifically, referring to fig. 8, the second conduction module 145 is located between the fifth annular channel 141 and the sixth annular channel 142, and the second conduction module 145 is located at the circumferential inner sides of the seventh annular channel 143 and the eighth annular channel 144, so that on the premise of ensuring that the fifth annular channel 141 is communicated with the sixth annular channel 142 and the seventh annular channel 143 is communicated with the eighth annular channel 144, the integration level between parts is improved, and the space occupation of the precooler 140 is reduced.

In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the second conduction modules 145 is plural, and the plural second conduction modules 145 are spaced in the circumferential direction of the compressor 150, so that the number of heat exchange sheets is increased during the flow of carbon dioxide between the fifth annular channel 141 and the sixth annular channel 142 and the flow of carbon dioxide between the seventh annular channel 143 and the eighth annular channel 144, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange effect of the regenerator 120.

In a specific implementation, the number of the second conduction modules 145 may be two, three, four, five, six, etc.

In some embodiments of the application, the precooler 140 further includes a precooler 140 housing, the precooler 140 housing defining an accommodation space, and the fifth channel, the sixth channel, the seventh channel, the eighth channel, and the second pass-through module 145 are located within the accommodation space of the precooler 140.

It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the disclosure to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown and described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100), comprising:

a heat source comprising a heating inlet and a heating outlet;

A turbine (130), the turbine (130) comprising a medium inlet (132), a medium outlet (133) and an output shaft (131), the medium inlet (132) being in communication with the heating outlet;

the heat regenerator (120) is arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the turbine (130) in a surrounding mode, the heat regenerator (120) comprises a first channel (124) and a second channel (125), the medium outlet (133) is communicated with the first channel (124), and the second channel (125) is communicated with the heating inlet;

-a precooler (140), said precooler (140) being in communication with said first passage (124);

The precooler (140) is arranged on the outer side of the periphery of the compressor (150), the compressor (150) comprises a compression inlet (151) and a compression outlet, the compression inlet (151) is communicated with the precooler (140), and the compression outlet is communicated with the second channel (125);

The generator (160), generator (160) with output shaft (131) are connected, output shaft (131) drive generator (160) electricity generation, generator (160) are used for driving compressor (150) operation.

2. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 1, wherein the first channel (124) comprises a first annular channel (1241) and a second annular channel (1242), one end of the first annular channel (1241) being in communication with the medium outlet (133) and the other end being in communication with the second annular channel (1242), the second annular channel (1242) being in communication with the precooler (140).

3. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 2, wherein the second channel (125) comprises a third annular channel (1243) and a fourth annular channel (1244), one end of the third annular channel (1243) being in communication with the compression outlet and the other end being in communication with the fourth annular channel (1244), the fourth annular channel (1244) being in communication with the heat source.

4. The regenerative supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 3, wherein the regenerator (120) further comprises a first conduction module (1245), the first conduction module (1245) being formed by a stack of a plurality of heat exchange sheets, the plurality of heat exchange sheets comprising a plurality of first heat exchange sheets (126) and a plurality of second heat exchange sheets (127);

The first heat exchange sheet (126) is provided with a first communication groove (1261), one end of the first communication groove (1261) is communicated with the first annular channel (1241), and the other end of the first communication groove is communicated with the second annular channel (1242);

the second heat exchange sheet (127) is provided with a second communication groove (1271), one end of the second communication groove (1271) is communicated with the third annular channel (1243), and the other end of the second communication groove is communicated with the fourth annular channel (1244).

5. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 4, wherein the first conduction module (1245) is formed by the first heat exchange sheet (126) and the second heat exchange sheet (127) overlapping in sequence.

6. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 5, wherein the number of the first conduction modules (1245) is a plurality.

7. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 1, wherein the precooler (140) comprises a fifth annular passage (141) and a sixth annular passage (142), the fifth annular passage (141) being in communication with the first passage (124) and the sixth annular passage (142) being in communication with the compression inlet (151).

8. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 7, wherein the precooler (140) comprises a cooler for cooling the medium within the fifth annular passage (141) and the sixth annular passage (142).

9. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 8, wherein the precooler (140) comprises a seventh annular passage (143) and an eighth annular passage (144) in communication, the seventh annular passage (143) in communication with the eighth annular passage (144), the seventh annular passage (143) in communication with an inlet of the cooler and the eighth annular passage (144) in communication with an outlet of the cooler.

10. The back-heating supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system (100) of claim 9, wherein the precooler (140) further comprises a second conduction module (145), the second conduction module (145) being formed by a lamination of a plurality of heat exchange sheets including a plurality of third heat exchange sheets (146) and a plurality of fourth heat exchange sheets (147);

The third heat exchange sheet (146) is provided with a third communication groove (1461), one end of the third communication groove (1461) is communicated with the fifth annular channel (141), and the other end of the third communication groove is communicated with the sixth annular channel (142);

The fourth heat exchange sheet (147) is provided with a fourth communication groove (1471), one end of the fourth communication groove (1471) is communicated with the seventh annular channel (143), and the other end of the fourth communication groove is communicated with the eighth annular channel (144).