CN117903468A - Ice control material, preparation method of electric heating layer and ice control electric heating assembly - Google Patents
Ice control material, preparation method of electric heating layer and ice control electric heating assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN117903468A CN117903468A CN202311684552.4A CN202311684552A CN117903468A CN 117903468 A CN117903468 A CN 117903468A CN 202311684552 A CN202311684552 A CN 202311684552A CN 117903468 A CN117903468 A CN 117903468A
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- electric heating
- ice control
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- ice
- heating layer
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012257 stirred material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses an ice control material, a preparation method of an electric heating layer and an ice control electric heating assembly. The method comprises the following specific steps: a1, uniformly mixing POSS particles and nano conductive particles; a2, pouring the mixture obtained in the step A1 into polyimide slurry; a3, stirring the mixed slurry formed in the step A2 in vacuum; and A4, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the mixed slurry obtained after stirring in the step A3 to obtain the ice preventing and removing material. The invention solves the problem that the stealth aircraft needs to increase the wave-transmitting performance of the material as much as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft materials, and particularly relates to an ice control material, an electric heating layer preparation method and an ice control electric heating assembly.
Background
The aerodynamics of the aircraft can be damaged by flight icing, so that the lift force is reduced, the resistance is increased, the critical attack angle is reduced, the maneuverability and the stability of the aircraft are reduced, and the flight safety of the aircraft is seriously affected. The icing problem of the stealth aircraft is an important factor threatening the flight safety of the stealth aircraft at present. On one hand, the stealth requirement needs to be considered in the anti-icing/deicing system, and the anti-icing/deicing component is required to have excellent wave-transmitting performance and low scattering characteristics; on the other hand, the anti-icing/deicing system is in need of all-weather and long-endurance combat, especially for aircrafts with relatively low airborne energy such as unmanned aerial vehicles and the like, and has the characteristics of high efficiency and low power consumption.
The current mature anti-icing/deicing method adopts a hot air or electric heating mode to protect important parts of the machine body. The principle of hot gas anti-icing/deicing is to heat important parts such as an airplane wing, an air inlet lip and the like by extracting high-temperature air from an engine compressor. The temperature of the hot air is up to 200-300 ℃, and the wave-absorbing coating and the wave-absorbing body structure of the stealth aircraft cannot bear the high temperature. Conventional electrically heated anti-icing/deicing assemblies typically use wires, metal sheets, etc. as the heating element and rubber as the insulating layer. The method has some defects in the adaptability to complex molded surfaces, and is more difficult to popularize especially for small and medium-sized aircraft. Meanwhile, the metal heating element has the defects of low electrothermal conversion efficiency, low heating rate and the like, and the electromagnetic wave transmission performance of the metal material is extremely poor, so that the requirements of high wave transmission and long endurance of the stealth aircraft cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: provided are an ice control material, an electric heating layer manufacturing method, and an ice control electric heating assembly. The invention solves the problem that the stealth aircraft needs to increase the wave-transmitting performance of the material as much as possible.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of an active and passive heating combined ice control material comprises the following specific steps:
A1, uniformly mixing POSS particles and nano conductive particles;
A2, pouring the mixture obtained in the step A1 into polyimide slurry;
A3, stirring the mixed slurry formed in the step A2 in vacuum;
and A4, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the mixed slurry obtained after stirring in the step A3 to obtain the ice preventing and removing material.
In the preparation method of the active-passive heating combined ice control material, the nano conductive particles in the step A1 are graphene.
In the preparation method of the active-passive heating combined ice control material, the weight ratio of the POSS particles to the nano conductive particles to the polyimide slurry in the step A2 is 1-5:1-5:100.
The preparation method of the electric heating layer comprises the following steps of:
B1, carrying out tape casting and film forming on the flowing ice control material;
and B2, pre-drying and curing the film obtained in the step B1 to obtain the electric heating layer.
The electric heating component for preventing and removing ice comprises an electric heating layer prepared by the preparation method, wherein the electric heating layer and the PTC electrode component are connected in series to form a heating loop.
In the ice control electric heating assembly, the surface of the electric heating layer is also covered with the photo-thermal layer.
In the ice prevention and removal electric heating assembly, the super-hydrophobic coating is laid on the surface of the photo-thermal layer.
In the above-described deicing electric heating unit, the thickness of the deicing electric heating unit is less than 0.5mm.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the POSS hybrid molecule doping is added, so that the dielectric constant of the material is reduced, and the problem that the wave-transmitting performance of the material needs to be increased as much as possible for the stealth aircraft is solved.
2. The polyimide substrate is made of high molecular material, so that the problem that stability is required to be maintained in a wider temperature range and a wider frequency range is solved.
3. The electric heating membrane and the PTC material are connected in series to form a heating loop, so that the temperature self-control function of the heating assembly is realized.
4. The flexible material is adopted during the manufacture of the electric heating layer, so that the effect of attaching to the complex surface is realized, and the problem that the outer surface of the stealth aircraft needs to be attached is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an electrical heating layer structure;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the "temperature-resistance" characteristic of a PTC material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a heating film preparation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a polyimide substrate; 2. nano conductive particles; 3. POSS particles.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which make the technical contents thereof more clear and easier to understand. This invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, like structural elements are referred to by like reference numerals and components having similar structure or function are referred to by like reference numerals. The dimensions and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention is not limited to the dimensions and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components is exaggerated in some places in the drawings for clarity of illustration.
Example 1
The preparation method of the active and passive heating combined anti-icing/deicing electric heating assembly comprises the following specific steps:
S1, mechanically mixing POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) particles with nano conductive particles;
S2, pouring the mixed substances into a polyimide slurry substrate;
S3, stirring the material at a high speed under vacuum;
and S4, applying ultrasonic waves to the stirred material to obtain the anti-icing/deicing material.
S5, carrying out tape casting film forming on the flowing anti-icing/deicing material on the surface of the part to be paved;
s6, controlling the paving thickness of the anti-icing/deicing material;
S7, pre-drying the anti-icing/deicing material;
S8, performing high-temperature curing on the anti-icing/deicing material to obtain an electric heating layer;
S9, paving a photo-thermal layer on the outer surface of the electric heating layer;
S10, after the electric heating layer and the photo-thermal layer are respectively prepared, forming a heating loop by the electric heating layer and the PTC component, and then coating the surface (super) hydrophobic photo-thermal layer on the surface of the electric heating layer to realize the combination of the electric heating layer and the photo-thermal layer, so as to manufacture the anti-icing/deicing electric heating component.
The electric heating layer uses the high polymer material polyimide as the substrate, so that the electric heating layer can be kept stable in a wider temperature range and a wider frequency range; the addition of POSS hybrid molecules can further reduce the dielectric constant of polyimide from about 3.4 to about 2.5, and the carbon-based nanomaterial (graphene) is used as a conductive component to realize high wave transmittance of electromagnetic waves.
In the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the electric heating layer structure is carbon-based nano conductive particles and POSS as fillers, and the carbon-based nano conductive particles and POSS are uniformly dispersed in a polyimide matrix. Polyimide plays a role of adhesion, and provides high temperature resistance and certain mechanical strength for the heating layer; the carbon-based nano conductive particles are dispersed in the matrix to form a conductive network, so as to provide electrothermal performance for the heating film; POSS has low dielectric constant, can provide a 'nano cavity' (about 1-3 nm), reduces the dielectric constant of the composite material, and improves the wave-transmitting rate.
The electric heating layer is made of polyimide flexible materials, the heating component is thin in thickness and good in flexibility, is not easy to generate thermal deformation, and can be attached to a complex curved surface in an adhesive or co-curing mode. The adaptability of the complex curved surface is good.
The electric heating layer is heated by surface heating, generates heat uniformly, has self-temperature control property, and can actively raise the surface temperature of the material by the electric heating membrane to achieve the anti-icing/deicing effect.
According to the invention, the PTC material is used as the electrode material of the electric heating layer, and the self-temperature control effect can be realized by the PTC electrode assembly formed by the PTC material, so that overheating is prevented; PTC materials refer to materials having a nonlinear positive temperature coefficient effect in resistance, and as shown in fig. 2, the resistivity may be raised in a progression when reaching around the switching characteristic transition temperature, preventing further temperature rise. Good PTC characteristics are key to achieving self-regulation of the heating film temperature. At present, a nonmetal heating element generally does not have PTC characteristics, so that PTC metal materials can be used as electrodes of an electric heating layer and are connected in series in a circuit to realize the self-temperature control effect.
The photo-thermal layer can adopt materials with wide absorption spectrum, a light trap structure and the like, and can absorb sunlight more effectively.
In the embodiment, a photo-thermal layer is subjected to hydrophobic modification by a chemical modification method to prepare a coating with photo-thermal and (super) hydrophobic properties; after the formation of the photo-thermal layer film, the photo-thermal layer film can be peeled off from the substrate and transplanted to other surfaces for close adhesion.
The preparation flow of the electric heating layer is shown in figure 3, conductive particles and POSS are firstly subjected to preliminary mechanical mixing, then added into polyimide slurry for further mixing, firstly, a high-speed stirrer is used for blending, the stirring process is in a vacuum state, the purpose of defoaming is achieved, and ultrasonic waves are selected for treating materials so as to promote the dispersion of fillers in a matrix. And uniformly coating the mixed slurry on a substrate film by a tape casting method, and selecting proper thickness limit in the tape casting process to control the thickness of the heating film so as to control the resistance of the heating film. The mixed slurry after casting is required to be pre-dried to remove most of the solvent, and then solidified in a high-temperature furnace to undergo imidization reaction to form polyimide. The performance of the heating layer is regulated and controlled by controlling the temperature, the treatment time and the heating rate in the drying and curing processes.
According to the active and passive heating combined anti-icing/deicing material, on one hand, compared with a traditional metal electric heating component, the electric heating layer has higher heat efficiency, and on the other hand, the heating mode of photo-thermal conversion and the surface hydrophobic property can be fully utilized, so that the power consumption is further reduced. The heating component is light in weight and thin in thickness (< 0.5 mm), has the advantages of high wave transmission, low energy consumption, complex curved surface adaptability and the like, so that the use of airborne energy sources can be reduced, the long-endurance and all-weather combat requirements of the aircraft are realized, and the heating component is expected to be used for preventing and deicing of the bodies and other important parts of fighters, gyroplanes and military unmanned aerial vehicles.
While the fundamental and principal features of the invention and advantages of the invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of an active and passive heating combined ice control material is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A1, uniformly mixing POSS particles and nano conductive particles;
A2, pouring the mixture obtained in the step A1 into polyimide slurry;
A3, stirring the mixed slurry formed in the step A2 in vacuum;
and A4, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the mixed slurry obtained after stirring in the step A3 to obtain the ice preventing and removing material.
2. The method for producing an ice control material to which active and passive heating are combined according to claim 1, wherein the nano conductive particles in step A1 are graphene.
3. The method for producing an ice control material by active/passive heat integration according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of POSS particles, nano conductive particles and polyimide slurry in step A2 is 1-5:1-5:100.
4. A method for producing an electrically heated layer, characterized by comprising the steps of:
B1, carrying out tape casting and film forming on the flowing ice control material;
and B2, pre-drying and curing the film obtained in the step B1 to obtain the electric heating layer.
5. An ice control electric heating assembly is characterized by comprising an electric heating layer prepared by the preparation method of claim 4, wherein the electric heating layer and the PTC electrode assembly are connected in series to form a heating loop.
6. The ice control electric heating assembly according to claim 5, wherein the surface of the electric heating layer is further covered with a photo-thermal layer.
7. The ice control electric heating assembly according to claim 5, wherein a superhydrophobic coating is laid on the surface of the photothermal layer.
8. The deicing electric heating unit as set forth in claim 5, wherein the deicing electric heating unit has a thickness of less than 0.5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311684552.4A CN117903468A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Ice control material, preparation method of electric heating layer and ice control electric heating assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311684552.4A CN117903468A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Ice control material, preparation method of electric heating layer and ice control electric heating assembly |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117903468A true CN117903468A (en) | 2024-04-19 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311684552.4A Pending CN117903468A (en) | 2023-12-07 | 2023-12-07 | Ice control material, preparation method of electric heating layer and ice control electric heating assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117903468A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-07 CN CN202311684552.4A patent/CN117903468A/en active Pending
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