CN117900398A - Preparation method of large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot and large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy product - Google Patents
Preparation method of large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot and large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy product Download PDFInfo
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- CN117900398A CN117900398A CN202410196595.6A CN202410196595A CN117900398A CN 117900398 A CN117900398 A CN 117900398A CN 202410196595 A CN202410196595 A CN 202410196595A CN 117900398 A CN117900398 A CN 117900398A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Al].[Cr] QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The application provides a preparation method of a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot, which comprises the following steps: a) Assembling the prefabricated core blank in a groove of a dummy ingot tool to fix the prefabricated core blank, and assembling the assembled dummy ingot tool at the bottom of a crystallizer; b) Introducing the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer for casting to obtain a large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingot; the alloy composition of the preformed core blank is the same as the alloy composition of the aluminum alloy melt; the diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 600-830 mm, and the diameter of the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is 1400-1500 mm. The application provides a preparation method of a large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot, which realizes remelting of contact parts of an aluminum alloy melt and a prefabricated core blank through introduction of a prefabricated core blank and a dummy ingot tool, forms a resolidification structure layer with a certain thickness, ensures good metallurgical bonding of the prefabricated core blank and a newly added solidification layer, refines the core structure of the obtained large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot, and has low component segregation rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a preparation method of a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot and a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy product.
Background
Along with the development of the fields of aerospace and the like in the large-scale, integral and light-weight directions, higher requirements are put forward on large-specification and high-quality aluminum alloy ingots, for example, large-specification round ingots are required to be more than 10 tons in one piece, 7075 ingots with more than 10 tons in one piece are also required to be put forward in a new-generation semiconductor equipment shell, and the diameter of the ingots is generally more than phi 1400mm.
The prior large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is generally produced by a semi-continuous casting method, the difference of the cooling rates of the cast ingot core and the edge part is increased along with the increase of the size, the core part is cooled slowly, the cast ingot core structure is thick, the grain size of the cast ingot core part within phi 800mm can be controlled to be 1-2 levels, the grain size of the cast ingot core part above phi 1400mm is generally 3-5 levels, and the follow-up practical use requirement cannot be met.
The most effective improvement method in industry at present is to increase ultrasonic external energy field auxiliary casting, applicant adopts ultrasonic auxiliary casting in research process, successfully prepares 2219 cast ingot with diameter of phi 1420mm, compared with traditional continuous casting, core grain size can reach 3 grade, refining effect is obvious, but the demand of grain size 1 grade is still different, especially 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot with diameter more than phi 1400mm, the content is generally 9-13%, alloy composition is high, composition uniformity and tissue control difficulty are greater than those of other series alloy, with the increase of specification, composition segregation and grain size are difficult to control, especially 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot with diameter more than phi 1400mm, no effective preparation method is available at present, and the preparation method of other large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingots has no reference significance for 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot.
In view of the above analysis, in order to solve the problems of component uniformity and core structure refinement of large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy ingots, it is highly desirable to provide a better preparation method of aluminum alloy ingots.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the application is to provide a preparation method of a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot, wherein the grain size of the core grain structure of the 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot prepared by the preparation method can reach 1 level, and the component segregation rate is low.
In view of this, the present application provides a method of making a large gauge 7xxx aluminum alloy ingot, comprising:
A) Assembling the prefabricated core blank in a groove of a dummy ingot tool to fix the prefabricated core blank, and assembling the assembled dummy ingot tool at the bottom of a crystallizer;
B) Introducing the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer for casting to obtain a large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingot;
the diameter of the dummy ingot tool is not smaller than the diameter of the crystallizer;
The alloy composition of the preformed core blank is the same as the alloy composition of the aluminum alloy melt;
The diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 600-830 mm, and the diameter of the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is 1400-1500 mm.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy melt is prepared by the following method:
putting an aluminum ingot, pure metal and intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, and refining;
the refining temperature is 700-800 ℃, the refining time is 10-60 min, and slag skimming is carried out after each refining and standing for 10-60 min;
Pouring the melt after slag skimming into a heat preservation furnace, starting an air brick for refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 600-1000 KPa, and the flow is 50-100L/min, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
Preferably, the casting is semi-continuous direct chill casting.
Preferably, the casting speed of the casting is 10-20 mm/min, the steady casting speed is 10-20 mm/min, and the water flow is 100-180 m 3/h.
Preferably, the casting speed is 10-15 mm/min, the steady casting speed is 12-18 mm/min, and the water flow is 110-150 m 3/h.
Preferably, during casting, the dummy ingot tool and the preform are moved downwards at 10-20 mm/min.
Preferably, the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is a 7075 aluminum alloy cast ingot, a 7050 aluminum alloy cast ingot, a 7085 aluminum alloy cast ingot or a 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot.
Preferably, the core grain size of the large gauge 7xxx aluminum alloy ingot is grade 1.
The application also provides a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy product, which is prepared from a large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot, wherein the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is prepared by the preparation method.
The application provides a preparation method of a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot, which comprises the steps of firstly assembling a prefabricated core blank in a groove of a dummy ingot tool, then assembling the assembled dummy ingot tool at the bottom of a crystallizer, and then introducing an aluminum alloy melt into the crystallizer for casting to obtain the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot; in the preparation process, a prefabricated core blank with the same component as the aluminum alloy melt is preset in the crystallizer, the prefabricated core blank is fixed on a dummy ingot tool, the aluminum alloy melt moves downwards together with the dummy ingot tool in the casting process, contacts with the outer side of the prefabricated core blank, melts the metal on the outer side of the prefabricated core blank by using the high-temperature aluminum alloy melt and resolidifies the metal to form a resolidified structure layer with a certain thickness, so that the prefabricated core blank and a subsequent newly added solidified layer form good metallurgical bonding, the core grain structure is ensured to be tiny, the grain size can reach 1 level, and the element segregation of each part of an ingot is lower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a large-scale aluminum alloy ingot casting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the structure of the core grains of an aluminum alloy ingot prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the core grain structure of an aluminum alloy ingot prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the core grain structure of an aluminum alloy ingot prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting the element segregation rate of an aluminum alloy ingot according to the invention;
wherein, 1 is prefabricated core blank, 2 is the crystallizer, 3 is the hot top, 4 is graphite ring, 5 is aluminum alloy melt, 6 is aluminum alloy prefabricated core ingot resolidification area, 7 is dummy ingot frock.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are merely intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention, and are not limiting of the claims of the invention.
In order to solve the problem of refining the core structure of a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy ingot, the application provides a preparation method of the large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy ingot, which realizes remelting of contact parts of aluminum alloy melt and a prefabricated core blank through the introduction of the prefabricated core blank and a dummy ingot tool, forms a resolidified structure layer with a certain thickness, ensures good metallurgical bonding of the prefabricated core blank and a newly-added solidified layer, and refines the core structure of the obtained large-size aluminum alloy ingot, and in particular, the embodiment of the application discloses a preparation method of the large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy ingot, comprising the following steps:
A) Assembling the prefabricated core blank in a groove of a dummy ingot tool to fix the prefabricated core blank, and assembling the assembled dummy ingot tool at the bottom of a crystallizer;
B) Introducing the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer for casting to obtain a large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingot;
the diameter of the dummy ingot tool is not smaller than the diameter of the crystallizer;
The alloy composition of the preformed core blank is the same as the alloy composition of the aluminum alloy melt;
The diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 600-830 mm, and the diameter of the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is 1400-1500 mm.
The preparation method of the large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot is suitable for aluminum alloy cast ingots with the diameter of 1400-1500 mm, and as mentioned above, the large-size cast ingot is difficult to ensure the core structure refinement according to the existing preparation method, and the application realizes the core structure refinement of the large-size cast ingot by introducing a dummy ingot tool and a prefabricated core blank, and can reach level 1.
Specifically, in the preparation process, assembling a prefabricated core blank in a groove of a dummy ingot tool to fix the prefabricated core blank, and assembling the assembled dummy ingot tool at the bottom of a crystallizer; in the application, the preparation method of the prefabricated core blank is prepared according to a method well known to a person skilled in the art, for example, semi-continuous direct-cooling casting is adopted, the alloy composition of the prefabricated core blank is required to be the same as that of an aluminum alloy cast ingot, further, the grain size of the prefabricated core blank is fine and uniform, and the grain size requirement of the large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingot can be met by preparing the prefabricated core blank in advance according to the grain size requirement of the large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingot.
In order to ensure a large-sized aluminum alloy ingot core structure, the diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 600-830 mm, specifically, the diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 600-800 mm, more specifically, the diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 650-750 mm, and even more specifically, the diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 680-720 mm. The dummy ingot tool is provided with a groove for realizing the placement and fixation of the prefabricated core blank, and is placed at the bottom of the crystallizer, and the size of the dummy ingot tool corresponds to that of the crystallizer so as to ensure that large-size ingots can be prepared. The mold is a mold well known to those skilled in the art, and the structure thereof is not particularly limited, and in the present application, the inner wall of the mold is provided with a graphite ring and a hot top.
The application preferentially prepares aluminum alloy melt, which is prepared by adopting a smelting method, specifically, aluminum ingot, pure metal and intermediate alloy are put into a smelting furnace and then are heated and melted, and then are refined;
the refining temperature is 700-800 ℃, the refining time is 10-60 min, and slag skimming is carried out after each refining and standing for 10-60 min;
Pouring the melt after slag skimming into a heat preservation furnace, starting an air brick for refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 600-1000 KPa, and the flow is 50-100L/min, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
In the smelting process, according to different types of aluminum alloys, raw materials adopted are different, for example 7075 aluminum alloy, and the adopted raw materials are aluminum ingots, pure copper plates, zinc ingots and aluminum-chromium intermediate alloys; the starting materials are selected in a manner known to the person skilled in the art. More specifically, the refining temperature is 740-760 ℃, the refining time is 20-40 min, and the standing time is 20-40 min; the pressure of the air brick is 650-950 KPa, and the flow is 50-80L/min.
After the aluminum alloy melt is prepared, the aluminum alloy melt is introduced into a crystallizer for casting. The casting is preferably semi-continuous direct-cooling casting, the aluminum alloy melt is introduced into a crystallizer, the outside of the prefabricated core blank is in direct contact with the aluminum alloy melt, and the preparation of aluminum alloy ingots with required specifications is realized in the limited area of the crystallizer. The schematic diagram of the device in the casting process is shown in fig. 1, wherein 1 is a prefabricated core blank, 2 is a crystallizer, 3 is a hot top, 4 is a graphite ring, 5 is an aluminum alloy melt, 6 is an aluminum alloy prefabricated core ingot resolidification area, and 7 is a dummy ingot tool. After the aluminum alloy melt is introduced into the crystallizer, a new solidification layer is formed at the contact position of the aluminum alloy prefabricated core and the aluminum alloy melt, so that good metallurgical bonding is realized, meanwhile, other parts of the aluminum alloy melt in the crystallizer form an ingot in the casting process, the prefabricated core blank is equivalent to the core part of a large-specification aluminum alloy ingot, and finally the large-specification aluminum alloy ingot is formed. In the casting process, the prefabricated core blank and the dummy ingot tool move downwards together to realize the preparation of large-specification aluminum alloy ingots with a certain length. The casting speed of the casting is 10-20 mm/min, the steady casting speed is 10-20 mm/min, and the water flow is 100-180 m 3/h; more specifically, the casting speed is 10-15 mm/min, the steady casting speed is 12-18 mm/min, and the water flow is 110-150 m 3/h. In the casting process, the dummy ingot tool and the prefabricated core blank move downwards at 10-20 mm/min, more specifically, the dummy ingot tool and the prefabricated core blank move downwards at 12-18 mm/min so as to ensure the formation of cast ingots.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy cast ingot provided by the application can prepare a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot with the diameter of 1400-1500 mm, and is particularly suitable for preparing the 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot with a core structure of the large-size cast ingot which is difficult to ensure; the aluminum alloy cast ingot is 7075 aluminum alloy cast ingot, 7050 aluminum alloy cast ingot, 7085 aluminum alloy cast ingot and 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot.
The application also provides a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy product, which is prepared from a large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot, and the aluminum alloy cast ingot is specifically prepared by the preparation method.
The application provides a preparation method of a large-size 7xxx aluminum alloy cast ingot, which comprises the steps of presetting a prefabricated core blank with the same components as an aluminum alloy melt in a core part of a crystallizer, placing the bottom of the prefabricated core blank on a dummy ingot tool, and moving downwards together with the dummy ingot tool in the casting process; the aluminum alloy melt is contacted with the outer side of the prefabricated core blank, the metal at the outer side of the prefabricated core blank is melted by using the high-temperature melt and is re-solidified to form a re-solidified structure layer with a certain thickness, so that the prefabricated round ingot and the subsequent newly-added solidified layer form a good metallurgical structure. The application can make the crystal grain structure of the core part of the oversized ingot be in the same level with the crystal grain structure of the core part of the small-sized ingot, has obvious crystal grain refining effect, greatly reduces the preparation difficulty of the oversized ingot, has metallurgical structure superior to that of ultrasonic auxiliary casting and conventional semicontinuous casting process, and solves the requirements of the fields of aerospace, weaponry, semiconductor equipment and the like on large-sized and high-quality aluminum alloy ingots.
In order to further understand the present invention, the following examples are provided to illustrate the method for preparing large-sized aluminum alloy ingots according to the present invention in detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a large-size high-quality 7075 aluminum alloy round ingot with a prefabricated core blank, wherein the diameter of the ingot is phi 1420mm, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 5.6% Zn,1,6% Cu,2.5% Mg,0.22% Cr, and the balance Al; weighing an aluminum ingot, a master alloy and pure metal as raw materials according to the components of the target alloy;
Step2: placing a prefabricated core blank with phi 600mm on a dummy bar head, starting a casting machine, and lifting the dummy bar head filled with the prefabricated core blank into a crystallizer, wherein the dummy bar head is shown in figure 1;
Step 3: putting an aluminum ingot, a pure copper plate, a zinc ingot and an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding the magnesium ingot by using a magnesium adding frame when the temperature of a melt reaches 720-750 ℃, starting refining after the alloy is melted, wherein the refining temperature is 745 ℃, the refining time is 25min, and slagging off after refining and standing for 30 min; pouring the melt into a heat preservation furnace from a melting furnace through a launder, and starting an air brick for refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 750KPa, and the flow rate of the air brick is 70L/min, so as to obtain high-purity aluminum liquid;
Step 4: introducing the high-purity aluminum liquid subjected to degassing and deslagging into a crystallizer with the specification of phi 1420mm through a flow channel to perform semi-continuous direct-cooling casting, wherein the casting speed is 12mm/min, the steady-state casting speed is 15mm/min, and the water flow is 120m 3/h, so that the phi 1420mm aluminum alloy cast ingot is obtained.
The core grain size prepared in this example was observed, and the photographs of the core grain size and specific observations are shown in fig. 2 and table 1; the Zn element segregation rate, the Mg element segregation rate and the Cu element segregation rate of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared by the embodiment are detected, and the detection method specifically comprises the following steps: the composition test (6 regions were uniformly detected from the core to the edge in the radial direction, at least 5 samples were detected in each region) was performed by taking a leading end test piece of an ingot according to fig. 5, and the calculation method was as follows: (max-min)/max, the results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
A preparation method of a large-size high-quality 7075 aluminum alloy round ingot with a prefabricated core blank, wherein the diameter of the ingot is phi 1420mm, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 5.6% Zn,1,6% Cu,2.5% Mg,0.22% Cr, and the balance Al; weighing an aluminum ingot, a master alloy and pure metal as raw materials according to the components of the target alloy;
step 2: placing a prefabricated core blank with the diameter of 600mm on a dummy bar head, starting a casting machine, and lifting the dummy bar head filled with the prefabricated core blank into a crystallizer;
Step 3: putting an aluminum ingot, a pure copper plate, a zinc ingot and an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding the magnesium ingot by using a magnesium adding frame when the temperature of a melt reaches 720-750 ℃, starting refining after the alloy is melted, wherein the refining temperature is 745 ℃, the refining time is 25min, slagging off after refining and standing for 30min, pouring the melt into a heat preservation furnace from the smelting furnace through a launder, starting air brick refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 750KPa, and the flow rate of the air brick is 70L/min;
step 4: introducing the high-purity aluminum liquid subjected to degassing and deslagging into a crystallizer with the specification of phi 1420mm through a flow channel to perform semi-continuous direct-cooling casting, wherein the casting speed is 14mm/min, the steady-state casting speed is 17mm/min, and the water flow is 110m 3/h, so that the phi 1420mm aluminum alloy cast ingot is obtained.
The core grain size prepared in this example was observed, and the specific observation results are shown in table 1; the Zn element segregation rate, the Mg element segregation rate and the Cu element segregation rate of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared by the embodiment are detected, and the detection method specifically comprises the following steps: the composition test (6 regions were uniformly detected from the core to the edge in the radial direction, at least 5 samples were detected in each region) was performed by taking a leading end test piece of an ingot according to fig. 5, and the calculation method was as follows: (max-min)/max, the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method for ultrasonic-assisted casting of large-specification high-quality 7075 aluminum alloy round ingots with diameter of phi 1420mm comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 5.6% Zn,1,6% Cu,2.5% Mg,0.22% Cr, and the balance Al; weighing an aluminum ingot, a master alloy and pure metal as raw materials according to the components of the target alloy;
Step 2: putting an aluminum ingot, a pure copper plate, a zinc ingot and an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding the magnesium ingot by using a magnesium adding frame when the temperature of a melt reaches 720-750 ℃, starting refining after the alloy is melted, wherein the refining temperature is 745 ℃, the refining time is 25min, slagging off after refining and standing for 30min, pouring the melt into a heat preservation furnace from the smelting furnace through a launder, starting air brick refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 750KPa, and the flow rate of the air brick is 70L/min, so as to obtain high-purity aluminum liquid;
Step 3: introducing the high-purity molten aluminum subjected to degassing and deslagging into a crystallizer with the specification of phi 1420mm through a flow channel to perform semi-continuous direct-cooling casting, wherein the casting speed is 15mm/min, and the water flow is 120m 3/h;
Step 4: after casting enters a steady state, an ultrasonic auxiliary device is fixed above the crystallizer, an ultrasonic core rod invades into the melt, and ultrasonic auxiliary casting is started to obtain an phi 1420mm aluminum alloy cast ingot.
The core grain size prepared in this example was observed, and the photographs of the core grain size and specific observations are shown in fig. 3 and table 1; the Zn element segregation rate, the Mg element segregation rate and the Cu element segregation rate of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared by the embodiment are detected, and the detection method specifically comprises the following steps: the composition test (6 regions were uniformly detected from the core to the edge in the radial direction, at least 5 samples were detected in each region) was performed by taking a leading end test piece of an ingot according to fig. 5, and the calculation method was as follows: (max-min)/max, the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a conventional semicontinuous casting large-specification high-quality 7075 aluminum alloy round ingot with the diameter of phi 1420mm comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 5.6% Zn,1,6% Cu,2.5% Mg,0.22% Cr, and the balance Al; weighing an aluminum ingot, a master alloy and pure metal as raw materials according to the components of the target alloy;
Step 2: putting an aluminum ingot, a pure copper plate, a zinc ingot and an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, adding the magnesium ingot by using a magnesium adding frame when the temperature of a melt reaches 720-750 ℃, starting refining after the alloy is melted, wherein the refining temperature is 745 ℃, the refining time is 25min, slagging off after refining and standing for 30min, pouring the melt into a heat preservation furnace from the smelting furnace through a launder, starting air brick refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 750KPa, and the flow rate of the air brick is 70L/min;
step 3: introducing the high-purity aluminum liquid subjected to degassing and deslagging into a crystallizer with the specification of phi 1420mm through a flow channel to perform semi-continuous direct-cooling casting, wherein the casting speed is 15mm/min, and the water flow is 120m 3/h, so that the phi 1420mm aluminum alloy cast ingot is obtained.
The core grain size prepared in this example was observed, and the photographs of the core grain size and specific observations are shown in fig. 4 and table 1; the Zn element segregation rate, the Mg element segregation rate and the Cu element segregation rate of the aluminum alloy ingot prepared by the embodiment are detected, and the detection method specifically comprises the following steps: the composition test (6 regions were uniformly detected from the core to the edge in the radial direction, at least 5 samples were detected in each region) was performed by taking a leading end test piece of an ingot according to fig. 5, and the calculation method was as follows: (max-min)/max, the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 table of core grain size data for aluminum alloy ingots prepared in examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from fig. 2 to 4 and table 1, the large-size ingot core grain structure prepared by the method is obviously refined and is superior to the ultrasonic auxiliary casting and the conventional casting process; the Zn element, the Mg element and the Cu element of the large-size cast ingot prepared by the method have lower segregation rate, and the uniformity of components is superior to that of ultrasonic auxiliary casting and conventional casting processes.
The above description of the embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making a large gauge 7xxx aluminum alloy ingot, comprising:
A) Assembling the prefabricated core blank in a groove of a dummy ingot tool to fix the prefabricated core blank, and assembling the assembled dummy ingot tool at the bottom of a crystallizer; according to the grain size requirement of the large-size aluminum alloy ingot, preparing a prefabricated core blank in advance to meet the grain size requirement of the large-size aluminum alloy ingot;
B) Introducing the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer for casting to obtain a large-specification aluminum alloy cast ingot;
the diameter of the dummy ingot tool is not smaller than the diameter of the crystallizer;
The alloy composition of the preformed core blank is the same as the alloy composition of the aluminum alloy melt;
The diameter of the prefabricated core blank is 600-830 mm, and the diameter of the large-size aluminum alloy cast ingot is 1400-1500 mm.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy melt is prepared by the following method:
putting an aluminum ingot, pure metal and intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace, heating and melting, and refining;
the refining temperature is 700-800 ℃, the refining time is 10-60 min, and slag skimming is carried out after each refining and standing for 10-60 min;
Pouring the melt after slag skimming into a heat preservation furnace, starting an air brick for refining in the furnace pouring process, wherein the pressure of the air brick is 600-1000 KPa, and the flow is 50-100L/min, so as to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
3. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the casting is semi-continuous direct chill casting.
4. A method of manufacture according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the casting is performed at a casting speed of 10 to 20mm/min, a steady state casting speed of 10 to 20mm/min and a water flow rate of 100 to 180m 3/h.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the casting speed is 10-15 mm/min, the steady casting speed is 12-18 mm/min, and the water flow rate is 110-150 m 3/h.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the dummy ingot tool and the preform are moved downward at 10-20 mm/min during casting.
7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the large-sized aluminum alloy ingot is 7075 aluminum alloy ingot, 7050 aluminum alloy ingot, 7085 aluminum alloy ingot, 7055 aluminum alloy ingot.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the large aluminum alloy ingot has a core grain size of grade 1.
9. A large-sized aluminum alloy product prepared from a large-sized aluminum alloy ingot prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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