CN117899748B

CN117899748B - High-pressure kettle

Info

Publication number: CN117899748B
Application number: CN202410304620.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘向东; 王永
Original assignee: Shaanxi Dali Qinyue New Building Materials Co ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Dali Qinyue New Building Materials Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-03-18
Filing date: 2024-03-18
Publication date: 2024-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2044-03-18
Also published as: CN117899748A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reaction kettles, and particularly discloses an autoclave, which comprises: the kettle comprises a kettle body, a kettle cover and a counterweight assembly, wherein a pressure release cavity is arranged on the kettle cover, a pressure release opening is arranged in the pressure release cavity, a first valve is arranged at the pressure release opening, the counterweight assembly comprises a counterweight shell and a counterweight block, the counterweight shell is provided with a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section, a first channel is arranged in the small-diameter section, the counterweight block is in sliding fit in the large-diameter section, a one-way valve is arranged between the large-diameter section and the first channel, a sliding block is arranged in the first channel, a first cavity is formed between the sliding block and the one-way valve, fluid medium is filled in the first cavity, and the first channel is communicated with the pressure release opening; according to the high-pressure kettle disclosed by the invention, the fluid medium is extruded through pressure during pressure relief, the balancing weight is pushed to move, the gravity center position of the balancing weight is changed, the moment of the balancing weight is increased, and the kettle cover can be opened without an additional power source.

Description

High-pressure kettle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of reaction kettles, in particular to an autoclave.

Background

The high-pressure reaction kettle solves the problem of leakage of the shaft seal which cannot be overcome by the prior packing seal and mechanical seal, has the advantages of no leakage and pollution, is a device which is commonly used for carrying out chemical reactions at high temperature and high pressure at present in China, particularly carries out chemical reactions of inflammable, explosive and toxic mediums, and more shows the superiority thereof.

Chinese patent CN208642599U discloses a novel high-efficient cauldron that evaporates, and this steam still is through the steam engine that sets up, can be comparatively quick produce steam to inside the efficient transmission to the cauldron, replace the air feed mode of traditional external steam pipe, this kind of mode can increase the work efficiency and the work effect that evaporate the cauldron. But the balancing weight can exert thrust to the kettle cover when the kettle cover is closed for the kettle cover can be hugged closely on the kettle body, and at the in-process of uncapping, the gravity pulling kettle cover of balancing weight is overcome to the external force earlier to the required external force, and then the kettle cover just can rotate under the effect of balancing weight, and this operation is generally accomplished by the manpower, wastes time and energy, and has certain danger.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an autoclave, which aims to solve the problem that the cover of the autoclave can be opened only by pulling the cover by external force in the related technology.

The autoclave of the present invention comprises: the kettle body, the kettle cover and the counterweight component;

the kettle cover is provided with a pressure relief cavity, one end of the pressure relief cavity is communicated with the inner wall of the kettle cover, the other end of the pressure relief cavity is provided with a pressure relief opening, the pressure relief opening is communicated with the outer wall of the kettle cover, and a first valve is arranged at the pressure relief opening;

The counterweight assembly comprises a counterweight housing and a counterweight block, wherein the counterweight housing is provided with a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section, the large-diameter section is of a hollow structure, a first channel is arranged in the small-diameter section, the large-diameter section is communicated with the first channel, the counterweight block is in sliding fit in the large-diameter section, a one-way valve is arranged between the large-diameter section and the first channel, the small-diameter section is rotationally connected with the kettle body, a sliding block is arranged in the first channel, the sliding block and the one-way valve form a first cavity in the first channel, a fluid medium is filled in the first cavity, the small-diameter section is connected with the kettle cover, and the first channel is communicated with the pressure relief opening.

Preferably, a first chute is arranged on the side wall of the large-diameter section, a first stop lever is arranged on the side wall of the balancing weight, the first stop lever penetrates through the first chute and extends outwards, the first stop lever is in sliding fit with the first chute, a reset component is arranged on the kettle body and comprises a first support frame and a first stop block, the first support frame is fixedly connected with the kettle body, the first stop block is arranged on the first support frame, and the first stop block can be stopped by the first stop lever.

Preferably, the first stop block is elastically connected with the first supporting frame through a first elastic piece.

Preferably, a backflow channel is further arranged between the large-diameter section and the first cavity, a closing plate is arranged in the backflow channel, the closing plate is connected with the small-diameter section through a second elastic piece, the closing plate is in sliding fit with the small-diameter section, a second stop lever is arranged on the closing plate, a second sliding groove is arranged on the small-diameter section, the second stop lever penetrates through the second sliding groove and extends outwards, the second stop lever is in sliding fit with the second sliding groove, a second supporting frame is arranged on the kettle body, a second stop block is arranged on the second supporting frame, and the second stop block can be in stopping contact with the second stop lever.

Preferably, the second stop block is in sliding fit with the second supporting frame, a first driving piece is arranged on the second supporting frame and connected with the second stop block, a limit groove is formed in the second stop block, and the limit groove can be in clamping connection with the second stop lever.

Preferably, the sliding block is elastically connected with the small-diameter section through a third elastic piece.

Preferably, the kettle cover is rotationally connected with the small-diameter section, a plurality of spacing teeth which are distributed at intervals are arranged on the side wall of the kettle cover, a flange is arranged at the end part of the kettle body, locking teeth corresponding to the spacing teeth are arranged on the flange, and the spacing teeth can be stopped by the locking teeth.

Preferably, the kettle cover is provided with a transmission plate, the transmission plate is provided with a transmission groove, the kettle body is provided with a screw in a rotating fit manner, the end part of the screw is connected with a second driving piece, the screw is provided with a transmission block in a threaded fit manner, and the transmission block can be in sliding fit with the transmission groove.

The beneficial effects are that:

According to the autoclave provided by the invention, when the reaction is completed and the cover of the autoclave is required to be opened, the first valve is opened, and the pressure in the autoclave body is relieved. In the pressure release process, partial pressure is discharged outside the kettle body through the pressure release opening, the other partial pressure is transmitted into the first channel, the sliding block is pushed to be close to the large-diameter section, the third elastic piece is compressed, the fluid medium flows into the large-diameter section under the extrusion of the sliding block, the fluid medium cannot flow back into the first cavity due to the fact that the large-diameter section and the first channel are internally provided with the one-way valve, the fluid medium pushes the balancing weight to be away from the small-diameter section, the gravity center of the balancing weight is located on the inner side of the rotating shaft, and meanwhile, the moment between the balancing weight and the rotating center of the counterweight shell is increased. After the pressure release is completed, an additional power source is not needed, and the kettle cover can be opened by the gravity of the balancing weight.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an autoclave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a counterweight assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the reset assembly, the second support frame and the second stop block according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a kettle cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a tank body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a side view of a kettle body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. A kettle body; 101. a flange; 1011. locking teeth; 2. a kettle cover; 201. a pressure relief cavity; 202. a first valve; 203. limit teeth; 204. a drive plate; 205. a transmission groove; 31. a counterweight housing; 311. a large diameter section; 312. a small diameter section; 3121. a first cavity; 32. balancing weight; 321. a first stop lever; 4. a one-way valve; 5. a sliding block; 6. a fixing ring; 7. a third elastic member; 81. a first support frame; 82. a first stopper; 83. a first elastic member; 9. a return passage; 10. a closing plate; 11. a second elastic member; 12. a second stop lever; 13. a second support frame; 14. a second stopper; 141. a limit groove; 15. a first driving member; 16. a screw; 17. a second driving member; 18. a transmission block; 19. a rotating shaft.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the autoclave of the present invention comprises: the kettle body 1, the kettle cover 2 and the counterweight component.

As shown in fig. 1, specifically, the kettle body 1 is cylindrical, and has openings at both ends, and flanges 101 are provided at the openings.

As shown in fig. 2, a pressure release cavity 201 is arranged on the kettle cover 2, one end of the pressure release cavity 201 is communicated with the inner wall of the kettle cover 2, the other end of the pressure release cavity 201 is provided with a pressure release opening, the pressure release opening is communicated with the outer wall of the kettle cover 2, and a first valve 202 is arranged at the pressure release opening.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the counterweight assembly includes a counterweight housing 31 and a counterweight 32, the counterweight housing 31 has a large-diameter section 311 and a small-diameter section 312, the large-diameter section 311 is of a hollow structure, the counterweight 32 is slidably fitted in the large-diameter section 311, one end of the small-diameter section 312 is fixedly connected with the large-diameter section 311, and the other end is rotatably connected with the kettle cover 2. The small diameter section 312 is provided with a first channel, one end of the first channel is communicated with the inside of the large diameter section 311, and the other end of the first channel is communicated with the pressure relief opening. Be equipped with check valve 4 between first passageway and the major diameter section 311, be equipped with solid fixed ring 6 in the first passageway near check valve 4 department, gu fixed ring 6 and minor diameter section 312 fixed connection, still sliding fit has slider 5 in the first passageway, slider 5 passes through third elastic component 7 and gu fixed ring 6 elastic connection, form first cavity 3121 between slider 5, first passageway and the check valve 4, it has the fluidic medium to fill in the first cavity 3121, the fluidic medium can be oil. The small diameter section 312 is rotatably connected with the kettle body 1 through the rotating shaft 19.

As shown in fig. 2,3 and 5, a first chute is formed on the side wall of the large-diameter section 311, a first stop lever 321 is formed on the side wall of the counterweight 32, the first stop lever 321 can pass through the first chute and extend outwards, the first stop lever 321 is in sliding fit with the first chute, and the first stop lever 321 can move in the first chute. Be equipped with reset assembly on the cauldron body 1, reset assembly includes first support frame 81 and first dog 82, and first support frame 81 fixed connection is on cauldron body 1 top, and first dog 82 passes through first elastic component 83 and first support frame 81 elastic connection, and first dog 82 and first support frame 81 sliding fit, first dog 82 can follow the relative first support frame 81 removal of upper and lower direction. The first stop 82 is provided with a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface can be stopped against the first stop lever 321.

As shown in fig. 3 to 5, a backflow channel 9 is disposed between the large-diameter section 311 and the first cavity 3121, the backflow channel 9 is located in the small-diameter section 312, a closing plate 10 is disposed in the backflow channel 9, the closing plate 10 is slidably matched with the small-diameter section 312, the closing plate 10 is elastically connected with the small-diameter section 312 through a second elastic member 11, a second stop lever 12 is disposed on the closing plate 10, the small-diameter section 312 is provided with a second sliding groove, the second stop lever 12 penetrates through the second sliding groove and extends outwards, the second stop lever 12 is slidably matched with the second sliding groove, and the second stop lever 12 can move along the second sliding groove. The top of the kettle body 1 is provided with a second support frame 13, the second support frame 13 is positioned between the first support frame 81 and the opening of the kettle body 1, a second stop block 14 is slidably matched on the second support frame 13, a first driving piece 15 is further arranged on the second support frame 13, the first driving piece 15 is a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the first driving piece 15 is fixedly connected with the second stop block 14, and the first driving piece 15 is used for driving the second stop block 14 to move along the axial direction of the kettle body 1. The second stopper 14 is provided with a second inclined surface, and the second inclined surface can be stopped against the second stop lever 12. The second stop block 14 is provided with a limit groove 141 on the side wall close to the opening of the kettle body 1, the limit groove 141 is close to the bottom end of the second inclined plane, and the limit groove 141 can be clamped with the second stop lever 12.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, a plurality of spacing teeth 203 are provided on the sidewall of the kettle cover 2 and evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, locking teeth 1011 corresponding to the spacing teeth 203 are provided on the flange 101, and a gap is provided between two adjacent locking teeth 1011. Still be equipped with drive plate 204 on the kettle cover 2, be equipped with drive slot 205 on the drive plate 204, extend on the lateral wall of the kettle body 1 and have the mount pad, be equipped with the screw rod 16 of vertical distribution in the mount pad, the both ends of screw rod 16 all with mount pad normal running fit, the top of mount pad is equipped with second driving piece 17, second driving piece 17 is the motor, its output and the top fixed connection of screw rod 16, second driving piece 17 is used for driving screw rod 16 rotation. The screw 16 is provided with a driving block 18 in a threaded fit, and the driving block 18 can extend into the driving groove 205 and be in sliding fit with the driving groove 205.

The counterweight housing 31 rotates around the rotating shaft 19 to realize opening and closing of the kettle cover 2, in the closing process of the kettle cover 2, the transmission plate 204 gradually approaches the screw 16 until the transmission block 18 stretches into the transmission groove 205, the limiting teeth 203 enter the inner sides of the locking teeth 1011 through gaps between the locking teeth 1011, at this time, the kettle cover 2 is completely closed, the limiting teeth 203 are positioned at the gaps between the two locking teeth 1011, the screw 16 is driven to rotate by the second driving piece 17, so that the transmission block 18 moves upwards, the transmission block 18 moves in the transmission groove 205 and drives the kettle cover 2 to rotate around the axis of the kettle body 1, the limiting teeth 203 move to be parallel with the locking teeth 1011, and the limiting teeth 203 mutually stop against the locking teeth 1011 to realize clamping connection between the kettle cover 2 and the kettle body 1, thereby locking the kettle cover 2.

According to the autoclave of the embodiment of the invention, in a normal state, the gravity center of the balancing weight 32 is positioned at the outer side of the rotating shaft 19, the balancing weight shell 31 can transfer the gravity of the balancing weight 32 to the autoclave cover 2 and apply thrust close to the autoclave body 1 to the autoclave cover 2, so that the autoclave cover 2 is prevented from loosening.

When the reaction is completed and the kettle cover 2 needs to be opened, the first valve 202 is opened, and the pressure inside the kettle body 1 is relieved. In the pressure release process, part of pressure is discharged out of the kettle body 1 through the pressure release opening, the other part of pressure is transmitted into the first channel, the sliding block 5 is pushed to be close to the large-diameter section 311, the third elastic piece 7 is compressed, fluid medium flows into the large-diameter section 311 under the extrusion of the sliding block 5, the closing plate 10 is in a closing state, the backflow channel 9 is in a blocking state, the large-diameter section 311 and the first channel are internally provided with the one-way valve 4 door, the fluid medium cannot flow back into the first cavity 3121, the fluid medium pushes the balancing weight 32 to be far away from the small-diameter section 312, the gravity center of the balancing weight 32 is located at the left side of the rotating shaft 19, and meanwhile, the moment between the balancing weight 32 and the rotating shaft 19 is increased. After the pressure release is completed, the second driving piece 17 drives the screw 16 to rotate, so that after the kettle cover 2 is unlocked, the kettle cover 2 can be opened through the gravity of the balancing weight 32 without an additional power source.

In the process of opening the kettle cover 2, the third elastic piece 7 stretches to enable the sliding block 5 to reset, the second stop rod 12 is gradually close to the second stop block 14, the first stop rod 321 is gradually close to the first stop block 82, the second stop block 14 is firstly contacted with the second stop rod 12, the second stop rod 12 slides on the second inclined plane, so that the closing plate 10 is driven to move, the closing plate 10 is opened, the backflow channel 9 is opened, liquid medium can return to the first cavity 3121 through the backflow channel 9, when the second stop rod 12 moves to the bottom end of the second inclined plane, the second stop rod 12 continuously moves downwards and moves to the limiting groove 141, and the second stop rod 12 is clamped with the limiting groove 141, so that the counterweight housing 31 is fixed. The second pin 12 contacts with the second stop block 14 and the first pin 321 contacts with the first stop block 82, and since the first stop block 82 is connected with the first supporting frame 81 through the first elastic piece 83, the first pin 321 can buffer the balancing weight 32, so that the balancing weight 32 is prevented from smashing the kettle body 1. The first stop lever 321 moves along the first inclined plane, so that the balancing weight 32 moves and resets in the large-diameter section 311, the moment between the balancing weight 32 and the rotating shaft 19 is reduced, the moment between the balancing weight 32 and the rotating shaft 19 is smaller than the moment between the kettle cover 2 and the rotating shaft 19, and the kettle cover 2 has a downward movement tendency. When the kettle cover 2 needs to be closed, the first driving piece 15 controls the second stop block 14 to move leftwards, so that the limit groove 141 is separated from the second stop block 14, and the kettle cover 2 can be closed automatically under the action of gravity without being driven by an additional power source. In the closing process of the kettle cover 2, the closing plate 10 is reset under the action of the second elastic piece 11.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An autoclave, characterized by comprising:

A kettle body (1);

the kettle cover (2), be equipped with pressure release chamber (201) on kettle cover (2), pressure release chamber (201) one end with the inner wall intercommunication of kettle cover (2), its other end is equipped with the pressure release mouth, the pressure release mouth intercommunication kettle cover (2) outer wall, pressure release mouth department is equipped with first valve (202);

The counterweight assembly comprises a counterweight housing (31) and a counterweight (32), wherein the counterweight housing (31) is provided with a large-diameter section (311) and a small-diameter section (312), the large-diameter section (311) is of a hollow structure, a first channel is formed in the small-diameter section (312), the large-diameter section (311) is communicated with the first channel, the counterweight (32) is slidably matched in the large-diameter section (311), a one-way valve (4) is arranged between the large-diameter section (311) and the first channel, the small-diameter section (312) is rotationally connected with the kettle body (1), a sliding block (5) is arranged in the first channel, the sliding block (5) and the one-way valve (4) form a first cavity (3121) in the first channel, a fluid medium is filled in the first cavity (3121), the small-diameter section (312) is connected with the kettle cover (2), and the first channel is communicated with the pressure relief opening.

2. The autoclave according to claim 1, wherein a first chute is formed in a side wall of the large-diameter section (311), a first stop lever (321) is arranged on a side wall of the balancing weight (32), the first stop lever (321) penetrates through the first chute and extends outwards, the first stop lever (321) is in sliding fit with the first chute, a reset assembly is arranged on the autoclave body (1), the reset assembly comprises a first support frame (81) and a first stop block (82), the first support frame (81) is fixedly connected with the autoclave body (1), the first stop block (82) is arranged on the first support frame (81), and the first stop block (82) can be stopped against the first stop lever (321).

3. Autoclave according to claim 2, characterized in that said first stop (82) is elastically connected to said first support (81) by means of a first elastic element (83).

4. Autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that a backflow channel (9) is further arranged between the large-diameter section (311) and the first cavity (3121), a closing plate (10) is arranged in the backflow channel (9), the closing plate (10) is connected with the small-diameter section (312) through a second elastic piece (11), the closing plate (10) is in sliding fit with the small-diameter section (312), a second stop lever (12) is arranged on the closing plate (10), a second sliding groove is arranged on the small-diameter section (312), the second stop lever (12) penetrates through the second sliding groove and extends outwards, the second stop lever (12) is in sliding fit with the second sliding groove, a second supporting frame (13) is arranged on the autoclave body (1), a second stop block (14) is arranged on the second supporting frame (13), and the second stop lever (12) can be stopped against the second stop lever (12).

5. Autoclave according to claim 4, characterized in that the second stop block (14) is in sliding fit with the second support frame (13), a first driving piece (15) is arranged on the second support frame (13), the first driving piece (15) is connected with the second stop block (14), a limit groove (141) is arranged on the second stop block (14), and the limit groove (141) can be clamped with the second stop rod (12).

6. Autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding block (5) is elastically connected to the small-diameter section (312) by a third elastic element (7).

7. Autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that the autoclave cover (2) is rotationally connected with the small-diameter section (312), a plurality of spacing teeth (203) distributed at intervals are arranged on the side wall of the autoclave cover (2), a flange (101) is arranged at the end part of the autoclave body (1), locking teeth (1011) corresponding to the spacing teeth (203) are arranged on the flange (101), and the spacing teeth (203) can be abutted against the locking teeth (1011).

8. Autoclave according to claim 1, characterized in that the autoclave cover (2) is provided with a transmission plate (204), the transmission plate (204) is provided with a transmission groove (205), the autoclave body (1) is provided with a screw (16) in a rotating fit, the end part of the screw (16) is connected with a second driving piece (17), the screw (16) is provided with a transmission block (18) in a threaded fit, and the transmission block (18) can be in sliding fit with the transmission groove (205).