CN117896026A - Adaptive spectrum sensing method, system, storage medium and user side of uplink NOMA system - Google Patents
Adaptive spectrum sensing method, system, storage medium and user side of uplink NOMA system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-adaptive spectrum sensing method, a system, a storage medium and a user side of an uplink NOMA system, which comprises the following steps: judging the region where the user is located based on the position where the user is located, wherein the region is a central region or an edge region; detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band; if users in a region transmit, the users do not transmit; if users with different areas transmit, detecting whether users with different areas transmit in the target frequency band; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band. According to the self-adaptive spectrum sensing method, the system, the storage medium and the user terminal of the uplink NOMA system, the identifiable and perceptible user quantity can be increased according to the position of the user terminal under the scene of uplink non-orthogonal transmission, so that the spectrum efficiency of the uplink non-orthogonal transmission system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, a storage medium, and a client for adaptive spectrum sensing in an uplink NOMA system.
Background
In recent years, with the development of wireless communication technology and the popularization of intelligent terminals, the demand of mobile users for data communication has grown greatly, which puts great pressure on limited spectrum resources. In order to more effectively utilize spectrum resources, cognitive Radio (CR) technology has received extensive attention from the academia and industry. The CR network is composed of a primary user and a cognitive user. The cognitive user can identify the blank frequency bands which are not used by the main user currently through a frequency spectrum sensing technology, and the temporary data transmission is carried out by utilizing the frequency spectrum resources. Therefore, in CR networks, the spectrum sensing accuracy of cognitive users is a major factor affecting their performance.
Currently, there are many techniques available for identifying and detecting primary users. Among the most predominant are the following two main categories:
(1) Energy detection class
The basic principle of energy detection class techniques is to use the signal energy as an indication that the primary user is transmitting. Given a specific energy threshold, the cognitive user periodically monitors the signal energy in the target frequency band. If the current target frequency band signal energy is higher than a given threshold, determining that the main user is transmitting; otherwise, it is determined that the primary user is not transmitting.
(2) Feature detection class
The basic principle of the feature detection technology is that a main user is marked with a specific feature tag in advance, and a cognitive user periodically monitors signal features on a target frequency band. If the characteristics of the current target frequency band signal meet the requirements, judging that the main user is transmitting; otherwise, it is determined that the primary user is not transmitting.
Meanwhile, the existing cellular communication system mainly uses an orthogonal multiple access technology, but with the rapid increase of the number of user terminals, the existing orthogonal multiple access mode cannot meet the spectrum efficiency and large-scale access requirements of the future cellular network gradually. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques increase system capacity by multiplexing time-frequency resources, using some receiver techniques at the receiving end to separate data for different users. With the continuous and intensive research of non-orthogonal multiple access technology, various methods for transmitting data in non-orthogonal manner exist. One of the methods performs multiplexing allocation of users in a power domain, thereby performing multiple access. At the transmitting end, the signals of different users are subjected to superposition coding (Superposition Coding, SC) in the power domain, and at the receiving end, the signals of all users are separated in sequence by adopting a serial interference cancellation (successive interference cancellation, SIC) technology.
However, the conventional spectrum sensing is mainly based on an orthogonal transmission system, and in order to enable the related spectrum sensing application to match with the next generation mobile communication system, and simultaneously support more users to participate in the spectrum sensing and allocation of the same frequency band, the spectrum sensing based on a non-orthogonal multiple access system needs to be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method, a system, a storage medium, and a client for adaptive spectrum sensing of an uplink NOMA system, which can increase the number of identifiable and perceivable users according to the position of the client in the uplink non-orthogonal transmission scenario, so as to improve the spectrum efficiency of the uplink non-orthogonal transmission system.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for adaptive spectrum sensing in an uplink NOMA system, including the steps of: judging the region where the user is located based on the position where the user is located, wherein the region is a central region or an edge region; detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band; if users in a region transmit, the users do not transmit; if users with different areas transmit, detecting whether users with different areas transmit in the target frequency band; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, detecting whether there is a region user of the user in the target frequency band for transmission includes the following steps:
acquiring a perception signal of the user on the target frequency band;
calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band;
when the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to a judgment threshold value corresponding to the regional user, judging that the regional user with the user in the target frequency band transmits; and when the signal characteristic peak value is smaller than a judgment threshold value corresponding to the users in the different areas, judging that no user in the area of the user in the target frequency band transmits.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the perceptual signal on the target frequency band includes the steps of:
performing cyclic shift on the sensing signals and performing conjugate processing, wherein the number of the cyclic shifts is the characteristic value of the regional users;
performing autocorrelation operation on the sensing signal and the circularly shifted conjugated signal to obtain an autocorrelation value;
and taking the autocorrelation value as the signal characteristic peak.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, detecting whether there are users in the target frequency band in different areas of the user for transmission includes the following steps:
acquiring a perception signal of the user on the target frequency band;
calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band;
when the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to a judgment threshold value corresponding to the user in the different area, judging that the user in the different area of the user in the target frequency band transmits; and when the signal characteristic peak value is smaller than the judgment threshold value corresponding to the user in the non-region, judging that no user in the non-region of the user in the target frequency band transmits.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the perceptual signal on the target frequency band includes the steps of:
performing cyclic shift and conjugate processing on the sensing signals, wherein the number of the cyclic shifts is the characteristic value of the users in the different areas;
performing autocorrelation operation on the sensing signal and the circularly shifted conjugated signal to obtain an autocorrelation value;
and taking the autocorrelation value as the signal characteristic peak.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the feature value of the user is recorded in a feature value table of the user; the characteristic value is a fixed value preset by a person or a dynamic value changed according to a preset rule; users in the same area have the same feature value.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the user of the central area can only transmit in the form of a strong user; the users in the edge area can only transmit in the form of weak users.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an adaptive spectrum sensing system of an uplink NOMA system, which comprises a judging module, a detecting module, a first processing module and a second processing module;
the judging module is used for judging the area where the user is located based on the position where the user is located, wherein the area is a central area or an edge area;
the detection module is used for detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band;
the first processing module is used for transmitting if users in a region do not transmit;
the second processing module is used for detecting whether the users in different areas of the users transmit in the target frequency band if the users in different areas transmit; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described adaptive spectrum sensing method of an upstream NOMA system.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a client, including: a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the user side executes the adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system.
As described above, the adaptive spectrum sensing method, system, storage medium and user side of the uplink NOMA system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method can provide a strategy for sensing the transmission states of the central user and the edge user and properly occupying the frequency spectrum for the sensing user in the uplink non-orthogonal transmission scene, thereby improving the frequency spectrum efficiency of an uplink non-orthogonal transmission system;
(2) Under the condition that the data transmission of other track users is not influenced as much as possible, the data of the perception users can be transmitted at the same time;
(3) Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the sensing precision and the spectrum efficiency are obviously improved;
(4) The method is easy to implement, does not need to change the hardware structure of the existing system, and is convenient for practical popularization and application.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an adaptive spectrum sensing method of an uplink NOMA system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an adaptive spectrum sensing method of an uplink NOMA system according to the present invention in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a user sending a signal in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive spectrum sensing system of an uplink NOMA system according to the present invention in one embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a ue according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of element reference numerals
41. Decision module
42. Detection module
43. First processing module
44. Second processing module
51. Processor and method for controlling the same
52. Memory device
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the present embodiment merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.
According to the self-adaptive spectrum sensing method, the system, the storage medium and the user terminal of the uplink NOMA system, the identifiable and perceptible user quantity can be increased according to the position of the user terminal under the scene of uplink non-orthogonal transmission, and the spectrum efficiency of the uplink non-orthogonal transmission system is effectively improved under the condition that other track users are not influenced as much as possible to send data.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system of the present invention includes the following steps:
and S1, judging the area where the user is located based on the position where the user is located, wherein the area is a central area or an edge area.
Specifically, an uplink non-orthogonal system is set to have N central users (N is the central user number and N is more than or equal to 1), M edge users (M is the edge user number and M is more than or equal to 1) and one base station. The central user and the edge users have the qualification of using the target frequency band resources, and can use the target frequency band resources according to the self needs. Wherein, the area is divided into a center area and an edge area according to the distance from the base station. The users located in the central area are referred to as central users. Users located in the edge area are called edge users. In the invention, the user in the central area can only transmit in the form of strong user; the users in the edge area can only transmit in the form of weak users.
Therefore, when the adaptive spectrum sensing of the user is performed, the position of the user is firstly acquired, and whether the user is in a central area or an edge area is determined according to the position.
And S2, detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band.
Specifically, for a central user, whether a strong user transmits in a target frequency band is detected; for the edge users, it is necessary to detect whether there are weak users in the target frequency band for transmission.
In one embodiment, detecting whether there are users in the target frequency band in the region of the user for transmission includes the following steps:
21 Acquiring a perception signal of the user on the target frequency band.
The user has the qualification of using the target frequency band resource, can select the time for transmitting the information according to the own demand, judges the use condition of the target frequency band, and combines the use condition with the user positioned in another area for transmission or independent transmission in a non-orthogonal mode. If the user needs to use the target frequency band, the occupation condition of the target frequency band needs to be detected in advance. Therefore, it is first necessary to acquire the perception signal of the user in the target frequency band.
Taking the central user as an example, the original signal of the central user i is set as x i The transmitting power is alpha i The original signal of edge user j is x j The transmitting power is alpha j . Wherein is sigma i α i +∑ j α j =1 and α i ，α j > 0. Without loss of generality, as shown in fig. 3, each user is set to take two transmit antennas to transmit signals. The signals are coded and modulated, respectively, and transmitted from the antenna 1 in a non-orthogonal form, and the signals are cyclically shifted by d i And is emitted from the antenna 2. Taking user i as an example, i.e. t i1 (n)＝α i x i (n) and t i2 (n)＝α i x i (n+d i ). The channel coefficient between antenna 1 of user i and perceived user k is h ik1 The channel coefficient between the antenna 2 and the perceived user k is h ik2 Then the perceived signal received by user k is the sum of the dual antenna signals of all but it through the corresponding channels plus the noise signal, i.e. r ik (n)＝h ik t i (n)+h jk t j (n)+w ik (n)，h ik And t i (n) is a matrix of channel coefficients and transmit signals, h, respectively, of the dual antennas of the central user i jk And t j (n) is the matrix of the channel coefficients and the transmitted signals of the dual antennas of the central user j, respectively, i.e. h ik ＝[h ik1 ，h ik2 ]，t i (n)＝[t i1 ，t i2 ] T And adds the signals of the double antenna signals transmitted by each fixed transmission user after passing through the respective channels, w ik And (n) is additive white gaussian noise (additive white Gaussian noise, AWGN) of a specific power.
Specifically, when the central user k perceives, the state that the corresponding characteristic peak value of the central user i does not exist on the target frequency band is defined as H ik0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the central user k perceives, the state that the corresponding characteristic peak value of the central user i actually exists on the target frequency band is H ik1 . Then the perceived signal on the target frequency band acquired by the center user k can be expressed as
Accordingly, when the edge user j does not transmit in the edge area, the perceived signal on the target frequency band acquired by the center user k can be expressed as
22 Calculating the signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band.
In particular, the present invention uses cyclic delay diversity (cyclic delay diversity, CDD) techniques to take advantage of the diversity gain of multiple antennas to obtain signal characteristic peaks.
In an embodiment, calculating the signal characteristic peak value of the user on each track of the target frequency band based on the perceived signal includes the following steps:
221 Performing cyclic shift on the sensing signals and performing conjugation processing, wherein the number of the cyclic shift is the characteristic value of the regional users.
Taking the example that the user k perceives the sending state of the user i possibly in transmission on the target frequency band. And the user k circularly shifts the intercepted signals on the target frequency band. I.e. the perceived signal r ik Cyclic shift delta data points and conjugation to obtainWherein delta is the number of cyclic shifts, and the characteristic value corresponding to user i. In the invention, each user corresponds to a characteristic value, and the characteristic value of the user is recorded in a characteristic value table of the user. The characteristic value is obtained by adopting any one of the following modes: (1) a fixed value manually preset; (2) a dynamic value that varies according to a predetermined rule. Preferably, users in the same area have the same feature value, and users in different areas have different feature values, so that user classification can be performed based on the feature values.
222 And performing autocorrelation operation on the sensing signal and the circularly shifted conjugate signal to obtain an autocorrelation value.
Specifically, for the sense signal r ik And a cyclically shifted conjugate signalAutocorrelation is performed to obtain an accumulated and averaged autocorrelation value +.>Wherein S is ik Is the length of the perceptual signal.
223 The autocorrelation value is taken as the signal characteristic peak.
Specifically, since the autocorrelation value reaches a maximum peak when the number of cyclic shifts is the characteristic value, R ik And (delta) is the signal characteristic peak value of the user i.
23 When the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to a judgment threshold value corresponding to the regional user, judging that the regional user with the user in the target frequency band transmits; and when the signal characteristic peak value is smaller than a judgment threshold value corresponding to the users in the different areas, judging that no user in the area of the user in the target frequency band transmits.
Specifically, comparing the signal characteristic peak value with a judgment threshold value corresponding to a regional user, and if the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to the judgment threshold value, judging that the regional user with the user in the target frequency band transmits; and if the user information is smaller than the judgment threshold value, judging that the users in the area without the user in the target frequency band transmit. The method can be expressed as follows:
wherein lambda is ik Is the decision threshold of user k for the peak of the signal characteristic corresponding to user i on the target frequency band,andis a state judgment junction for judging whether the signal characteristic peak value corresponding to the user i does not exist/exists on the target frequency band corresponding to the user k respectivelyAnd (5) fruits. The decision thresholds corresponding to different users can be the same or different.
Thus, the first and second substrates are bonded together,
wherein the decision threshold relates to the decision accuracy. In practical deployments, the decision threshold is often limited by the limits of the false alarm probability. False alarm probability (false-alarm probability, P) f ) When the target user does not actually occupy the target frequency band resource, the probability that the target user erroneously judges that the target user is occupied is that the characteristic peak value formed by noise and other user signals at the target perception position is larger than a preset threshold value. Because the invention faces upward to the uplink non-orthogonal transmission system, the non-orthogonal signals of the users generally have respective transmission states. The false alarm probability is equivalent to the probability that the target perceived position forms a characteristic peak value larger than a preset threshold value by the sum of noise and signals of fixed transmission users. Can be expressed mathematically as:
or (b)
Therefore, the distribution condition of the noise peak value is deduced, and the judgment threshold value can be inversely deduced according to the virtual alarm probability value limited in the actual scene and the equivalent relation with the judgment threshold value.
Probability of detection (detection probability, P d ) The probability that the perceived target user correctly judges the state of occupying the target frequency band resource is the probability that the perceived characteristic peak value of the target user is larger than a preset threshold value. Can be expressed mathematically as:
and step S3, if the users in the area transmit, the users do not transmit.
For a central user, when detecting that a strong user transmits in a target frequency band, the user does not transmit in the target frequency band. For an edge user, when a weak user in a target frequency band is detected to transmit, the user does not transmit in the target frequency band.
Step S4, if no users in the area transmit, detecting whether the target frequency band has the users in the area different from the users to transmit; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band.
Specifically, when the target frequency band is transmitted by users without areas, a secondary judgment needs to be performed on whether the target frequency band is occupied.
In one embodiment, detecting whether there are users in the target frequency band that are different areas of the user for transmission includes the steps of: acquiring a perception signal of the user on the target frequency band; calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band; when the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to a judgment threshold value corresponding to the user in the different area, judging that the user in the different area of the user in the target frequency band transmits; and when the signal characteristic peak value is smaller than the judgment threshold value corresponding to the user in the non-region, judging that no user in the non-region of the user in the target frequency band transmits. The method for calculating the signal characteristic peak in this step is the same as that in the foregoing step 22), and only the difference is that the number of cyclic shifts is the characteristic value of the users in the different areas, so that the description thereof is omitted here.
Therefore, for the central user, if the weak user in the target frequency band is detected to transmit, the user and the weak user transmit through NOMA technology, otherwise, the user monopolizes the target frequency band to transmit through OMA technology. And for the edge user, if the strong user in the target frequency band is detected to transmit, transmitting the user and the strong user through a NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the user exclusive of the target frequency band through an OMA technology.
The protection scope of the adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the execution sequence of the steps listed in the embodiment, and all the schemes implemented by adding or removing steps and replacing steps according to the prior art made by the principles of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system of the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments.
In the uplink non-orthogonal scene, the embodiment uses the characteristic detection spectrum sensing technology as the basis and uses the difference condition of the multi-antenna sensing result of the receiving end as the basis to judge. Assume that there are M edge users, N center users, and one base station in the system. Without loss of generality, consider a system with m=1, n=2, i.e. user 1 is a central user, user 3 is an edge user, the sending states of both are random, and the secondary central user 2 perceives the transmission state of the central user 1 on the basis of the sending states.
Each transmitting user is configured with two antennas, transmits signals using a non-orthogonal multiple access (non-orthogonal multiple access, NOMA) technique, and embeds user characteristics δ in the transmitted NOMA signal stream using a cyclic delay diversity (Cyclic Delay Diversity, CDD) technique. User 1 transmits signal t on a first antenna 11 (n) and t is applied to the second antenna 11 (n) cyclically shifting delta and transmitting, i.e. transmitting signal t on second antenna 12 (n)＝t 11 (n+delta), the cyclic shift delta is the exclusive displacement of the user.
The specific implementation steps can be described as follows:
(1) First a NOMA signal is generated. Consider two users in a non-orthogonal transmission system using a Low-density Parity-check (LDPC) coding scheme and a quadrature phase shift keying (Quadrature phase shift keying, QPSK) modulation scheme. Each data block is 4096 bits in length. Taking user 1 as an example, the data transmitted by the first antenna is t 11 (n)＝α 1 x 1 (n) the data transmitted by the second antenna is t 12 (n)＝α 1 x 1 (n+d1)。
(2) The secondary user 2 first detects the transmission state of the user 1, and the interference received in the sense can be classified into noise, signal interference of the user 3, and noise only. The two situations of the user are roughly estimated through the probability distribution of the signals, and different perception thresholds are selected for the first perception. The information received by the user 2 is in the following two cases:
(i) User 2 receives signals and noise of user 1 and user 3 after passing through Rayleigh channel, and the signal expression is r 12 (n)＝h 12 t 1 (n)+h 32 t 3 (n)+w 12 (n) wherein h 12 ＝[h 121 ，h 122 ]，h 32 ＝[h 321 ，h 322 ]，t 1 (n)＝[t 11 (n)，t 12 (n)] T ，t 3 (n)＝[t 31 (n)，t 32 (n)] T W (n) is additive white gaussian noise (additive white Gaussian noise, AWGN) of a particular power. h is a 121 And h 122 Is the channel parameter between the two antennas of user 1 and user 2, the signal to noise ratio gap between the two is fixed. The same applies to user 3.
(ii) User 2 receives user 1 and noise after passing through Rayleigh channel, and the signal expression is r 12 (n)＝h 12 t 1 (n)+w 12 (n)。
(3) After the R (n) at the receiving end is collected, the signal R (n+delta) after the cyclic shift delta is subjected to autocorrelation operation to obtain the signal characteristics R of each user, wherein the autocorrelation operation modes comprise but are not limited to
Wherein S is 12 Is the length of the received signal.
(4) Signal characteristic |R 12 The i is compared with a pre-given decision threshold λ. Fixing the false alarm probability value, and calculating the decision threshold value according to the distribution obeyed by the noise by using a distribution principle and a big number theorem. The comparison mode comprisesBut are not limited to: if |R 12 |＜λ 12 The antenna determines that the current user 1 is not transmitting, if |r 12 |＞λ 12 The antenna determines that user 1 is currently transmitting.
(5) If user 2 detects that user 1 is transmitting, then 2 does not send information. Otherwise, it needs to be detected whether the edge user 3 occupies the target frequency band resource. If it is detected that user 3 is transmitting, user 2 transmits information together with user 3 in NOMA form. Otherwise, the user 2 alone transmits in OMA form.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a self-adaptive spectrum sensing system of the uplink NOMA system, which can realize the self-adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system, but the implementation device of the self-adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system comprises but is not limited to the structure of the self-adaptive spectrum sensing system of the uplink NOMA system listed in the embodiment, and all structural variations and substitutions of the prior art according to the principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment, the adaptive spectrum sensing system of the uplink NOMA system of the present invention includes a determining module 41, a detecting module 42, a first processing module 43 and a second processing module 44.
The determining module 41 is configured to determine an area where the user is located based on the location where the user is located, where the area is a center area or an edge area.
The detection module 42 is connected to the determination module 41, and is configured to detect whether there are users in the target frequency band in the user area for transmission.
The first processing module 43 is connected to the detecting module 42, and is configured to not transmit if there is a user in a region transmitting.
The second processing module 44 is connected to the detecting module 42, and is configured to detect whether there are users in the target frequency band that are not area users of the user for transmission if there are no area users for transmission; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band.
The structures and principles of the determining module 41, the detecting module 42, the first processing module 43 and the second processing module 44 are in one-to-one correspondence with the steps in the adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system, so that the description thereof is omitted herein.
It should be noted that, it should be understood that the division of the modules of the above apparatus is merely a division of a logic function, and may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity or may be physically separated. And these modules may all be implemented in software in the form of calls by the processing element; or can be realized in hardware; the method can also be realized in a form of calling software by a processing element, and the method can be realized in a form of hardware by a part of modules. For example, the x module may be a processing element that is set up separately, may be implemented in a chip of the apparatus, or may be stored in a memory of the apparatus in the form of program code, and the function of the x module may be called and executed by a processing element of the apparatus. The implementation of the other modules is similar. In addition, all or part of the modules can be integrated together or can be independently implemented. The processing element described herein may be an integrated circuit having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method or each module above may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or an instruction in a software form.
For example, the modules above may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the methods above, such as: one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as ASIC), or one or more microprocessors (Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated as DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGA), or the like. For another example, when a module above is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler code, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) or other processor that may invoke the program code. For another example, the modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the adaptive spectrum sensing method for implementing the uplink NOMA system of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct a processor, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a non-transitory (non-transitory) medium, for example, a random access memory, a read-only memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, a solid state disk, a magnetic tape (magnetic tape), a floppy disk (floppy disk), an optical disk (optical disk), and any combination thereof. The storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.
As shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment, a ue of the present invention includes: a processor 51 and a memory 52.
The memory 52 is used for storing a computer program.
The memory 52 includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, U-disk, memory card, or optical disk.
The processor 51 is connected to the memory 52, and is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory 52, so that the ue executes the adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system.
Preferably, the processor 51 may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, abbreviated as CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, abbreviated as NP), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP for short), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA for short) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
In summary, the adaptive spectrum sensing method, system, storage medium and user side of the uplink NOMA system can provide a policy of sensing the transmission states of the central user and the edge user and properly occupying the spectrum for the sensing user in the uplink non-orthogonal transmission scene, so as to improve the spectrum efficiency of the uplink non-orthogonal transmission system; under the condition that the data transmission of other track users is not influenced as much as possible, the data of the perception users can be transmitted at the same time; compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the sensing precision and the spectrum efficiency are obviously improved; the method is easy to implement, does not need to change the hardware structure of the existing system, and is convenient for practical popularization and application. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An adaptive spectrum sensing method of an uplink NOMA system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
judging the region where the user is located based on the position where the user is located, wherein the region is a central region or an edge region;
detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band;
if users in a region transmit, the users do not transmit;
if users with different areas transmit, detecting whether users with different areas transmit in the target frequency band; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band.
2. The adaptive spectrum sensing method of an upstream NOMA system according to claim 1, wherein: detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band comprises the following steps:
acquiring a perception signal of the user on the target frequency band;
calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band;
when the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to a judgment threshold value corresponding to the regional user, judging that the regional user with the user in the target frequency band transmits; and when the signal characteristic peak value is smaller than a judgment threshold value corresponding to the users in the different areas, judging that no user in the area of the user in the target frequency band transmits.
3. The adaptive spectrum sensing method of an uplink NOMA system according to claim 2, wherein: calculating the signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band comprises the following steps:
performing cyclic shift on the sensing signals and performing conjugate processing, wherein the number of the cyclic shifts is the characteristic value of the regional users;
performing autocorrelation operation on the sensing signal and the circularly shifted conjugated signal to obtain an autocorrelation value;
and taking the autocorrelation value as the signal characteristic peak.
4. The adaptive spectrum sensing method of an upstream NOMA system according to claim 1, wherein: detecting whether the users in different areas of the users transmit in the target frequency band comprises the following steps:
acquiring a perception signal of the user on the target frequency band;
calculating a signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band;
when the signal characteristic peak value is larger than or equal to a judgment threshold value corresponding to the user in the different area, judging that the user in the different area of the user in the target frequency band transmits; and when the signal characteristic peak value is smaller than the judgment threshold value corresponding to the user in the non-region, judging that no user in the non-region of the user in the target frequency band transmits.
5. The adaptive spectrum sensing method of an upstream NOMA system of claim 4, wherein: calculating the signal characteristic peak value of the sensing signal on the target frequency band comprises the following steps:
performing cyclic shift and conjugate processing on the sensing signals, wherein the number of the cyclic shifts is the characteristic value of the users in the different areas;
performing autocorrelation operation on the sensing signal and the circularly shifted conjugated signal to obtain an autocorrelation value;
and taking the autocorrelation value as the signal characteristic peak.
6. The adaptive spectrum sensing method of an uplink NOMA system according to claim 3 or 5, wherein: the characteristic value is recorded in a characteristic value table of the user; the characteristic value is a fixed value preset by a person or a dynamic value changed according to a preset rule; users in the same area have the same feature value.
7. The adaptive spectrum sensing method of an upstream NOMA system according to claim 1, wherein: the users in the central area can only transmit in the form of strong users; the users in the edge area can only transmit in the form of weak users.
8. An adaptive spectrum sensing system of an uplink NOMA system, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a judging module, a detecting module, a first processing module and a second processing module;
the judging module is used for judging the area where the user is located based on the position where the user is located, wherein the area is a central area or an edge area;
the detection module is used for detecting whether the users in the area of the user transmit in the target frequency band;
the first processing module is used for transmitting if users in a region do not transmit;
the second processing module is used for detecting whether the users in different areas of the users transmit in the target frequency band if the users in different areas transmit; if yes, transmitting the users in the different areas through NOMA technology, otherwise, transmitting the users by exclusive of the target frequency band.
9. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the method of adaptive spectrum sensing for an upstream NOMA system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A client, comprising: a processor and a memory;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the user side executes the adaptive spectrum sensing method of the uplink NOMA system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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