CN117895640A - Monitoring method and system suitable for automatic maintenance of power grid - Google Patents

Monitoring method and system suitable for automatic maintenance of power grid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117895640A
CN117895640A CN202311627527.2A CN202311627527A CN117895640A CN 117895640 A CN117895640 A CN 117895640A CN 202311627527 A CN202311627527 A CN 202311627527A CN 117895640 A CN117895640 A CN 117895640A
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power grid
abnormal
state
value
main system
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李华
邵宝珠
韩震焘
梁毅
张子信
周沫
何昕
尹婧娇
金宇飞
张晓天
张泽宇
黄晓义
王麒翔
高凤喜
王贺蓉
赵菁铭
陆明璇
高嘉文
方秋实
杨国琛
杨博
朱赫炎
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STATE GRID LIAONING ECONOMIC TECHNIQUE INSTITUTE
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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STATE GRID LIAONING ECONOMIC TECHNIQUE INSTITUTE
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Priority to CN202311627527.2A priority Critical patent/CN117895640A/en
Publication of CN117895640A publication Critical patent/CN117895640A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00004—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the power network being locally controlled
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of automatic maintenance of a power grid, and discloses a monitoring method and a system suitable for automatic maintenance of the power grid, wherein the monitoring method comprises the steps that a data acquisition device monitors power grid parameters in real time and sends data to a data analysis center; the data analysis center analyzes the data and predicts the trend of the analysis result; if the trend prediction result has an abnormal state, the fault diagnosis model and Bayesian probability correction are used for carrying out joint judgment, and a response strategy is formulated according to the abnormal state. Through cooperative work, the efficiency, stability and reliability of power grid operation are improved, and the difficulty and cost of power system maintenance are reduced.

Description

Monitoring method and system suitable for automatic maintenance of power grid
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of automatic maintenance of a power grid, in particular to a monitoring method and a monitoring system suitable for automatic maintenance of the power grid.
Background
With the increasing reliance of modern society on electricity, the stability and reliability of the grid has become a critical issue. Traditional power grid monitoring and maintenance methods rely mainly on manual inspection and periodic maintenance, which is time consuming and labor intensive and difficult to cope with sudden power grid faults.
In order to solve these problems, in recent years, the power grid automation technology has been widely studied and applied. The power grid automation not only can monitor the state of the power grid in real time, but also can automatically perform fault diagnosis and treatment, and the running efficiency and reliability of the power grid are greatly improved.
The state space model is a mathematical model for describing the behavior of a dynamic system, can accurately describe the dynamic behavior of a power grid, and provides theoretical support for monitoring and controlling the power grid. By using a state space model we can predict the future state of the grid in real time, thereby finding and dealing with possible problems in advance.
However, while state space models are theoretically very useful, in practical applications, how to perform grid operations based on predictions of the model remains a challenge. Furthermore, how to select appropriate thresholds to determine whether the condition of the grid is normal, and how to operate the grid according to these thresholds, is also a problem that requires further investigation.
In summary, the power grid automation technology provides new possibilities for monitoring and maintaining the power grid, but how to effectively apply these technologies to practice is still a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the invention provides a monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid, which can solve the problems that the traditional manual inspection and regular maintenance method may miss some sudden power grid faults or anomalies and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid, which comprises the following steps: the data acquisition device monitors the power grid parameters in real time and sends the data to the data analysis center; the data analysis center analyzes the data and predicts the trend of the analysis result; if the trend prediction result has an abnormal state, the fault diagnosis model and Bayesian probability correction are used for carrying out joint judgment, and a response strategy is formulated according to the abnormal state.
As a preferred embodiment of the monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to the invention, the monitoring method comprises the steps of: the grid parameters include current, voltage, frequency, temperature.
As a preferred embodiment of the monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to the invention, the monitoring method comprises the steps of: the trend prediction includes describing, using a state space model, a state x (t) representation of the grid as,
the state transition equation is set up in such a way that,
x(t)＝Ax(t-1)+Bu(t)+w(t)
the equation is observed to be a function of,
y(t)＝Cx(t)+v(t)
where u (t) is the control input; w (t) is process noise; v (t) is the observed noise; y (t) is the observed value, i.e. the grid parameter; a is a state transition matrix, B is a control matrix, and C is an observation matrix;
when a state space model is established, a model is used for future trend prediction, a state transition equation is used for predicting a state vector of the next moment x (t+1), an observation equation is used for mapping x (t+1) to an observation value y (t+1), the state transition and the observation equation are repeatedly applied to predict the state and the observation value at the future moment, trend prediction of the power grid parameters is obtained, and if the difference value between the observation value and the predicted observation value exceeds a safety threshold value, the abnormal state is judged.
As a preferred embodiment of the monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to the invention, the monitoring method comprises the steps of: the fault diagnosis comprises training a fault diagnosis model by using historical data, wherein the fault diagnosis model takes a power grid parameter as an input, and if an output label is 1, the current state is an abnormal state C i If the output label is-1, the current state is a non-abnormal state; inputting the current power grid parameters into fault diagnosis, wherein the fault diagnosis model outputs 1 or-1 to represent the judgment result of the current fault diagnosis model
The abnormal state occurrence probability is calculated using bayesian probability correction,
i＝1,2,3,4,…,N
wherein P (C) i |D) is state C i The probability of occurrence at data D, which represents the current observed grid parameters, P (C i ) To take into account any observed data, state C i Probability of occurrence, P (D), is the sum of the probabilities of observing data D in all possible cases; p (D|C) i ) Is state C i The probability that data D is observed is true occurrence.
As a preferred embodiment of the monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to the invention, the monitoring method comprises the steps of: the joint judgment comprises the step of judging that if the result output by the fault diagnosis model is abnormal state C i And P (C) i When |D) > 66.5%, then abnormal state C is determined to occur i ；
If the result output by the fault diagnosis model is in a non-abnormal state and P (C i And if the D) is less than 66.5%, judging that the system is misreported, and recording the power grid parameter data and the output result.
As a preferred embodiment of the monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to the invention, the monitoring method comprises the steps of: the abnormal state comprises that when the voltage value in the power grid exceeds a normal range, the voltage abnormality is judged, the main system intervenes to further monitor whether the abnormal time of the voltage value exceeds a first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the voltage value exceeds the first threshold value, the main system adjusts the voltage value for the first time and marks a state C1;
when the current value in the power grid exceeds the rated value of the line, judging that the current is overloaded, and if the abnormal time of the current value exceeds a first threshold value, the main system intervenes to further monitor whether the abnormal time of the current value exceeds the first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the current value exceeds the first threshold value, the main system adjusts the current value for the first time and marks the current value as a state C2;
when the frequency of the power grid deviates from the safety range, judging that the frequency deviates, inserting a main system to further monitor whether the frequency of the power grid exceeds a first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the frequency of the power grid exceeds the first threshold value, adjusting the frequency of the power grid for the first time by the main system and marking the power grid as a state C3;
when the temperature of the power grid equipment exceeds the safety range, judging that the equipment temperature is abnormal, inserting a main system to further monitor whether the equipment temperature is abnormal or not to exceed a first threshold, and if the equipment temperature is abnormal and exceeds the first threshold, adjusting the abnormal equipment temperature for the first time by the main system and marking the abnormal equipment temperature as a state C4.
As a preferred embodiment of the monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to the invention, the monitoring method comprises the steps of: the response strategy comprises that when the monitoring abnormal state is C1, the main system adjusts the output of the voltage source according to the abnormal condition and records the detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted voltage value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the voltage value, confirms whether the adjusted voltage is abnormal or not, if the voltage value is recovered to be normal within safe time, the main system records the voltage abnormality and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the voltage value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs the on-site operation personnel to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C2, the main system distributes load to the second line according to the abnormal condition and records detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted current value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the current value, confirms whether the adjusted current is abnormal or not, if the current value is recovered to be normal in safe time, the main system records the current abnormality and marks the solution of the abnormal condition, and if the current value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operators to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C3, the main system adjusts the output of the generator according to the abnormal condition and records the detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted power grid frequency, the monitoring module continuously monitors the power grid frequency and confirms whether the adjusted power grid frequency is abnormal or not, if the power grid frequency is recovered to be normal in the safe time, the main system records the abnormal frequency and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the power grid frequency is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operation personnel to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C4, the main system distributes load to the second equipment according to the abnormal condition and records detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted temperature value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the temperature value, confirms whether the adjusted temperature value is abnormal or not, if the temperature value is recovered to be normal within safe time, the main system records the temperature abnormality and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the temperature value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operation personnel to intervene.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid, in which the data acquisition module monitors the power grid parameters comprehensively in real time to ensure immediate knowledge of the power grid state, and the high-precision sensor and communication equipment provide accurate data for subsequent analysis. The trend prediction module analyzes the collected data and predicts the short-term change trend of the power grid parameters by using a mathematical model. The joint judgment module combines the fault diagnosis model and the Bayesian probability correction method to judge whether the power grid is in an abnormal state or not in a joint way so as to improve accuracy. The execution module formulates a corresponding response strategy according to the judgment result, ensures that the power grid operates in a safe, stable and efficient state, reduces the requirement of manual intervention, and improves the efficiency and reliability of power grid maintenance.
As a preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention, which is suitable for a monitoring method for the automated maintenance of an electrical network, the system comprises: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a trend prediction module, a joint judgment module and an execution module;
the real-time monitoring of the power grid parameters including current, voltage, frequency and temperature and the data acquisition into the system;
the trend prediction module is used for analyzing the collected power grid parameter data;
the joint judging module is used for judging whether the fault diagnosis model is in an abnormal state or not by using the combination of the fault diagnosis model and the Bayesian probability correction;
and the execution module is used for making a corresponding response strategy according to the judgment result of the abnormal state.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, carries out the steps of a method according to any one of the monitoring methods suitable for grid automation maintenance.
A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method of any one of the monitoring methods suitable for grid automation maintenance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can realize real-time monitoring and analysis of the power grid parameters and timely capture the change and abnormal conditions of the power grid state. Future trends of the power grid parameters can be predicted through trend prediction, and potential problems are found in advance. By means of the fault diagnosis model and Bayesian probability correction, whether the power grid is in an abnormal state or not can be accurately judged, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved. Abnormal states are confirmed, corresponding response strategies are automatically formulated, power grid parameters are adjusted, dependence on manual intervention is reduced, and response speed is improved. Recording detailed information of abnormal states is helpful for subsequent fault analysis and improvement. And monitoring the adjusted parameter values in real time, and if the parameter values are not recovered to be normal within safe time, timely notifying on-site operators to intervene by the system, so that the stability and the reliability of the power grid are ensured. Through cooperative work, the efficiency, stability and reliability of power grid operation are improved, and the difficulty and cost of power system maintenance are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a monitoring system suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid, including:
s1: the data acquisition device monitors the power grid parameters in real time and sends the data to the data analysis center;
it should be noted that the grid parameters include current, voltage, frequency, temperature, etc.
S2: the data analysis center analyzes the data and predicts the trend of the analysis result;
it should be noted that the trend prediction includes describing the state x (t) of the grid using a state space model, expressed as,
the state transition equation is set up in such a way that,
x(t)＝Ax(t-1)+Bu(t)+w(t)
the equation is observed to be a function of,
y(t)＝Cx(t)+v(t)
where u (t) is the control input; w (t) is process noise; v (t) is the observed noise; y (t) is the observed value, i.e. the grid parameter; a is a state transition matrix, B is a control matrix, and C is an observation matrix;
when a state space model is established, a model is used for future trend prediction, a state transition equation is used for predicting a state vector of the next moment x (t+1), an observation equation is used for mapping x (t+1) to an observation value y (t+1), the state transition and the observation equation are repeatedly applied to predict the state and the observation value at the future moment, trend prediction of the power grid parameters is obtained, and if the difference value between the observation value and the predicted observation value exceeds a safety threshold value, the abnormal state is judged.
Further, the state space model is used for describing state evolution and observation of the dynamic system. The state of the grid is abstracted into a state vector that contains a number of parameters, such as current, voltage, frequency, etc. Through a state transition equation and an observation equation, the relation between the state of the power grid and the observation value can be established, and trend prediction can be performed in a continuously-changing environment;
the grid parameters are typically time-series data, the values of which change over time. The state space model is suitable for modeling such time series data and can capture dynamic evolution of the state of the power grid. Estimating parameters of a state transition matrix and an observation matrix by using historical data, and utilizing the information to conduct future trend prediction;
the operation of the grid involves a number of parameters such as current, voltage, frequency, etc. The multidimensional state vector of the state space model can accommodate these parameters, allowing us to trend predictions under a unified framework. This allows for simultaneous consideration of the correlation and influence between multiple parameters, improving the accuracy of trend prediction;
the state space model may also be used to detect abnormal situations. And comparing the actual observed value with the actual observed value to detect whether deviation or abnormal condition exists.
It should be noted that the fault diagnosis includes, a use historyTraining a fault diagnosis model by data, wherein the fault diagnosis model takes a power grid parameter as input, and if an output label is 1, the current state is an abnormal state C i If the output label is-1, the current state is a non-abnormal state; inputting current power grid parameters into fault diagnosis, wherein the fault diagnosis model output 1 or-1 represents the judgment result of the current fault diagnosis model;
the abnormal state occurrence probability is calculated using bayesian probability correction,
i＝1,2,3,4,…,N
wherein P (C) i |D) is state C i The probability of occurrence at data D, which represents the current observed grid parameters, P (C i ) To take into account any observed data, state C i Probability of occurrence, P (D), is the sum of the probabilities of observing data D in all possible cases; p (D|C) i ) Is state C i The probability that data D is observed is true occurrence.
It should be noted that the joint judgment is a process of integrating the three information sources (prediction of the state space model, judgment result of the obstacle diagnosis model output, bayesian probability correction) together to determine whether a problem or an abnormal situation exists in the power grid.
By considering different information sources in a combined way, the state of the power grid can be monitored more comprehensively and accurately, and potential problems can be timely dealt with. The advantages of a plurality of information sources are integrated, the efficiency and the reliability of automatic maintenance of the power grid are improved, and the maintenance cost and the risk are reduced.
S3: if the trend prediction result has an abnormal state, the fault diagnosis model and Bayesian probability correction are used for carrying out joint judgment, and a response strategy is formulated according to the abnormal state.
It should be noted that the joint determination includes if the result output by the fault diagnosis model is abnormal state C i And P (C) i When |D) > 66.5%, then abnormal state C is determined to occur i ；
If the result output by the fault diagnosis model is in a non-abnormal state and P (C i And if the D) is less than 66.5%, judging that the system is misreported, and recording the power grid parameter data and the output result.
Further, the abnormal state includes that when the voltage value in the power grid exceeds a normal range, the voltage abnormality is judged, the main system intervenes to further monitor whether the abnormal time of the voltage value exceeds a first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the voltage value exceeds the first threshold value, the main system adjusts the voltage value for the first time and marks a state C1;
when the current value in the power grid exceeds the rated value of the line, judging that the current is overloaded, and if the abnormal time of the current value exceeds a first threshold value, the main system intervenes to further monitor whether the abnormal time of the current value exceeds the first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the current value exceeds the first threshold value, the main system adjusts the current value for the first time and marks the current value as a state C2;
when the frequency of the power grid deviates from the safety range, judging that the frequency deviates, inserting a main system to further monitor whether the frequency of the power grid exceeds a first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the frequency of the power grid exceeds the first threshold value, adjusting the frequency of the power grid for the first time by the main system and marking the power grid as a state C3;
when the temperature of the power grid equipment exceeds the safety range, judging that the equipment temperature is abnormal, inserting a main system to further monitor whether the equipment temperature is abnormal or not to exceed a first threshold, and if the abnormal time of the equipment temperature is abnormal to exceed the first threshold, adjusting the abnormal equipment temperature for the first time by the main system and marking the abnormal equipment temperature as a state C4.
It should be noted that, when the monitoring abnormal state is C1, the main system adjusts the output of the voltage source according to the abnormal situation and records the detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted voltage value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the voltage value, confirms whether the adjusted voltage is abnormal, if the voltage value is recovered to be normal within the safe time, the main system records the voltage abnormality and marks the abnormal situation for solving, if the voltage value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continues to monitor and inform the field operator to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C2, the main system distributes load to the second line according to the abnormal condition and records detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted current value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the current value, confirms whether the adjusted current is abnormal or not, if the current value is recovered to be normal in safe time, the main system records the current abnormality and marks the solution of the abnormal condition, and if the current value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operators to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C3, the main system adjusts the output of the generator according to the abnormal condition and records the detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted power grid frequency, the monitoring module continuously monitors the power grid frequency and confirms whether the adjusted power grid frequency is abnormal or not, if the power grid frequency is recovered to be normal in the safe time, the main system records the abnormal frequency and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the power grid frequency is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operation personnel to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C4, the main system distributes load to the second equipment according to the abnormal condition and records detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted temperature value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the temperature value, confirms whether the adjusted temperature value is abnormal or not, if the temperature value is recovered to be normal within safe time, the main system records the temperature abnormality and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the temperature value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operation personnel to intervene.
Example 2
For the second embodiment of the invention, a monitoring method suitable for power grid automatic maintenance is provided, and scientific demonstration is carried out through experiments in order to verify the beneficial effects of the invention.
The influence of different thresholds is considered through simulation experiments, the performance of the model is evaluated in detail, and the following conclusion is obtained according to the data, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As the threshold increases, the sensitivity of the model increases gradually, i.e. the ability to identify faults increases. The specificity is increased along with the increase of the threshold value, namely the recognition capability of normal conditions is improved, and the false alarm rate is reduced. Accuracy increases with increasing threshold over a range, but decreases slightly after a certain point.
Based on these comparison data, the model performs well in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy at a threshold of 66.5%, which makes it a good choice. The fault can be accurately identified, and meanwhile, the higher specificity is maintained, and the false alarm rate is reduced. A threshold of 66.5% is the optimal choice depending on overall performance considerations.
Example 3
A third embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first two embodiments, is:
the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 2, a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a system for a monitoring method for automatic maintenance of a power grid, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a trend prediction module, a joint judgment module and an execution module;
the real-time monitoring of the power grid parameters including current, voltage, frequency and temperature and the data acquisition into the system;
the trend prediction module is used for analyzing the collected power grid parameter data;
the joint judging module is used for judging whether the fault diagnosis model is in an abnormal state or not by using the combination of the fault diagnosis model and the Bayesian probability correction;
and the execution module is used for making a corresponding response strategy according to the judgment result of the abnormal state.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A monitoring method suitable for power grid automatic maintenance is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the data acquisition device monitors the power grid parameters in real time and sends the data to the data analysis center;
the data analysis center analyzes the data and predicts the trend of the analysis result;
if the trend prediction result has an abnormal state, the fault diagnosis model and Bayesian probability correction are used for carrying out joint judgment, and a response strategy is formulated according to the abnormal state.
2. A monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the grid parameters include current, voltage, frequency, temperature.
3. A monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the trend prediction includes describing, using a state space model, a state x (t) representation of the grid as,
the state transition equation is set up in such a way that,
x(t)＝Ax(t-1)+Bu(t)+w(t)
the equation is observed to be a function of,
y(t)＝Cx(t)+v(t)
where u (t) is the control input; w (t) is process noise; v (t) is the observed noise; y (t) is the observed value, i.e. the grid parameter; a is a state transition matrix, B is a control matrix, and C is an observation matrix;
when a state space model is established, a model is used for future trend prediction, a state transition equation is used for predicting a state vector of the next moment x (t+1), an observation equation is used for mapping x (t+1) to an observation value y (t+1), the state transition and the observation equation are repeatedly applied to predict the state and the observation value at the future moment, trend prediction of the power grid parameters is obtained, and if the difference value between the observation value and the predicted observation value exceeds a safety threshold value, the abnormal state is judged.
4. A monitoring method suitable for automatic maintenance of a power grid as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the fault diagnosis comprises training a fault diagnosis model by using historical data, wherein the fault diagnosis model takes a power grid parameter as an input, and if an output label is 1, the current state is an abnormal state C i If the output label is-1, the current state is a non-abnormal state; inputting current power grid parameters into fault diagnosis, wherein the fault diagnosis model output 1 or-1 represents the judgment result of the current fault diagnosis model;
the abnormal state occurrence probability is calculated using bayesian probability correction,
i＝1,2,3,4,…,N
wherein P (C) i |D) is state C i The probability of occurrence at data D, which represents the current observed grid parameters, P (C i ) To take into account any observed data, state C i Probability of occurrence, P (D), is the sum of the probabilities of observing data D in all possible cases; p (D|C) i ) Is state C i True occurrence observes the possibility of data DAbility, C i Is the i-th abnormal state.
5. A monitoring method for power grid automation maintenance as defined in claim 4, wherein: the joint judgment comprises the step of judging that if the result output by the fault diagnosis model is abnormal state C i And P (C) i When |D) > 66.5%, then abnormal state C is determined to occur i ；
If the result output by the fault diagnosis model is in a non-abnormal state and P (C i And if the D) is less than 66.5%, judging that the system is misreported, and recording the power grid parameter data and the output result.
6. A monitoring method for power grid automation maintenance according to claim 5, wherein: the abnormal state comprises that when the voltage value in the power grid exceeds a normal range, the voltage abnormality is judged, the main system intervenes to further monitor whether the abnormal time of the voltage value exceeds a first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the voltage value exceeds the first threshold value, the main system adjusts the voltage value for the first time and marks a state C1;
when the current value in the power grid exceeds the rated value of the line, judging that the current is overloaded, and if the abnormal time of the current value exceeds a first threshold value, the main system intervenes to further monitor whether the abnormal time of the current value exceeds the first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the current value exceeds the first threshold value, the main system adjusts the current value for the first time and marks the current value as a state C2;
when the frequency of the power grid deviates from the safety range, judging that the frequency deviates, inserting a main system to further monitor whether the frequency of the power grid exceeds a first threshold value, and if the abnormal time of the frequency of the power grid exceeds the first threshold value, adjusting the frequency of the power grid for the first time by the main system and marking the power grid as a state C3;
when the temperature of the power grid equipment exceeds the safety range, judging that the equipment temperature is abnormal, inserting a main system to further monitor whether the equipment temperature is abnormal or not to exceed a first threshold, and if the equipment temperature is abnormal and exceeds the first threshold, adjusting the abnormal equipment temperature for the first time by the main system and marking the abnormal equipment temperature as a state C4.
7. A monitoring method for power grid automation maintenance as defined in claim 6, wherein: the response strategy comprises that when the monitoring abnormal state is C1, the main system adjusts the output of the voltage source according to the abnormal condition and records the detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted voltage value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the voltage value, confirms whether the adjusted voltage is abnormal or not, if the voltage value is recovered to be normal within safe time, the main system records the voltage abnormality and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the voltage value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs the on-site operation personnel to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C2, the main system distributes load to the second line according to the abnormal condition and records detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted current value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the current value, confirms whether the adjusted current is abnormal or not, if the current value is recovered to be normal in safe time, the main system records the current abnormality and marks the solution of the abnormal condition, and if the current value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operators to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C3, the main system adjusts the output of the generator according to the abnormal condition and records the detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted power grid frequency, the monitoring module continuously monitors the power grid frequency and confirms whether the adjusted power grid frequency is abnormal or not, if the power grid frequency is recovered to be normal in the safe time, the main system records the abnormal frequency and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the power grid frequency is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operation personnel to intervene;
when the monitoring abnormal state is C4, the main system distributes load to the second equipment according to the abnormal condition and records detailed information of the adjustment operation and the adjusted temperature value, the monitoring module continuously monitors the temperature value, confirms whether the adjusted temperature value is abnormal or not, if the temperature value is recovered to be normal within safe time, the main system records the temperature abnormality and marks the abnormal condition for solving, and if the temperature value is not recovered to be normal, the main system continuously monitors and informs on-site operation personnel to intervene.
8. A system based on a monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-7, suitable for automatic maintenance of an electrical network, characterized in that: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a trend prediction module, a joint judgment module and an execution module;
the real-time monitoring of the power grid parameters including current, voltage, frequency and temperature and the data acquisition into the system;
the trend prediction module is used for analyzing the collected power grid parameter data;
the joint judging module is used for judging whether the fault diagnosis model is in an abnormal state or not by using the combination of the fault diagnosis model and the Bayesian probability correction;
and the execution module is used for making a corresponding response strategy according to the judgment result of the abnormal state.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
CN202311627527.2A 2023-11-30 2023-11-30 Monitoring method and system suitable for automatic maintenance of power grid Pending CN117895640A (en)

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