CN117890964A - Method and system for tracking seismic propagation path - Google Patents
Method and system for tracking seismic propagation path Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and a system for tracking a seismic propagation path relate to the technical field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data and geological structure information of a target area, and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of seismic waves in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information; determining at least one target point position for acquiring the seismic waves in the target area and relative propagation parameters between the target point positions and the source point positions according to the source point positions and the corresponding propagation speeds; and determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at each target point position according to each relative propagation parameter. The effect of improving the accuracy of tracking the propagation path of the seismic wave is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a system for tracking a seismic propagation path.
Background
With the deep engineering exploration work and the rapid development of seismology technology, the precise description and understanding of the propagation path of seismic waves has become an important subject of current research. In the construction of highways, railways and urban rail transit and regional urban geological investigation, the propagation path of the seismic waves in the underground medium has extremely important significance in the aspects of engineering geological evaluation, infrastructure design, disaster risk evaluation, construction safety and the like, and the correct understanding and prediction of the propagation of the seismic waves are helpful for taking more effective strategies in engineering planning and implementation processes so as to ensure engineering quality and safety.
Currently, existing seismic propagation path tracking methods are mainly based on ray theory, i.e. seismic waves are considered to propagate in a subsurface medium according to a straight or fixed curved path. However, in practical application, due to the fact that different structures exist in practical underground mediums, differences exist in the structures of the seismic waves passing through different points in the propagation process, so that differences in directions of the seismic waves can occur in the propagation process, and the propagation path of the seismic waves is inaccurately tracked.
Disclosure of Invention
The method and the system for tracking the seismic wave propagation path have the effect of improving the accuracy of tracking the seismic wave propagation path.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for tracking a seismic propagation path, including:
acquiring seismic data and geological structure information of a target area, and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of seismic waves in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information;
determining at least one target point position for acquiring the seismic waves in the target area and relative propagation parameters between the target point positions and the source point positions according to the source point positions and the corresponding propagation speeds;
And determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at each target point position according to each relative propagation parameter.
By adopting the technical scheme, the obtained seismic data and geological information provide basic data support for calculating the propagation speed of the source point. The calculated source point propagation velocity may determine the possible target point positions. The determined relative propagation parameters comprise data of propagation characteristics from the source point to each target point. By integrating these parameters, the path of the seismic wave propagation can be traced. According to the method and the device, the seismic wave propagation characteristics of the target area can be comprehensively obtained, the accurate propagation path of the seismic waves from the source point to each target point is analyzed and reconstructed, the comprehensive analysis and tracking of the seismic wave propagation process under a complex scene are realized, and the accuracy of tracking the seismic wave propagation path is improved.
Optionally, constructing an initial velocity model according to the seismic data and the geological structure information; and inputting each source point position in the target area into the velocity model, and outputting the propagation velocity of the seismic wave of each source point position.
By adopting the technical scheme, an initial seismic wave propagation velocity model can be constructed according to the acquired seismic data and geological structure information, and the propagation velocity distribution condition of the seismic wave can be simulated by considering the stratum, the structure and the like in the region. And sequentially inputting the determined positions of all the source points in the target area into the velocity model, and calculating the propagation velocity of the seismic wave emitted by each source point in a simulation mode according to the position of each source point. By constructing an initial velocity model and calculating the propagation velocity based on the model, the seismic wave propagation velocity data of each source point position can be obtained more accurately, and a foundation is laid for the subsequent determination of the target point position and the propagation path. Compared with the method for directly calculating the propagation velocity, the method can fully utilize the existing data to establish the simulation of the propagation velocity distribution, and the result is more accurate and reliable.
Optionally, generating a wave field of the target area according to each propagation speed and each source point position; acquiring the target point positions in the wave field and determining velocity vectors between each of the source point positions and the target point positions; the relative propagation parameters of the seismic waves are determined from each of the velocity vectors.
By adopting the technical scheme, according to the calculated propagation speed of the source point, a seismic wave propagation wave field of the region can be generated, and the condition that the seismic wave propagates outwards from the source point is simulated. The position of the target point can be obtained from the wave field and the direction and magnitude of the propagation velocity between the source point and the target point position is determined, denoted as velocity vector. According to the velocity vector from the source point to each target point, the relative parameters of the seismic wave transmitted from the source point to the target point, such as the transmission angle, the attenuation rate and the like, can be calculated. Parameters of the seismic wave propagation characteristics can be intuitively obtained through wave field generation and velocity vector calculation, and a foundation is laid for follow-up tracking of propagation paths.
Optionally, generating a velocity vector field of the target area according to each velocity vector; determining a plurality of propagation angles between each of the source points and the target point location in the velocity vector field; and taking the amplitude and the phase at each propagation angle as the seismic wave relative propagation parameters.
By adopting the technical scheme, the velocity vector field of the area can be generated according to the velocity vector from the source point to the target point, and the propagation direction and velocity distribution of the seismic waves can be visually represented. A plurality of propagation angles between the source point and the respective target point positions may be determined from the velocity vector field. The amplitude value and the phase detected under different propagation angles are taken as the relative propagation parameters of the seismic waves. Therefore, the propagation angle is analyzed through the velocity vector field, and the propagation parameters are calculated, so that the propagation characteristics of the seismic wave can be more intuitively described, and the result is more accurate and reliable. Compared with the method for directly calculating the propagation parameters, the method fully utilizes the velocity vector information, and can more comprehensively obtain the attenuation and offset characteristics of the seismic waves when the seismic waves propagate in different directions from the point of array effect.
Optionally, obtaining reflection coefficients, propagation time and propagation distance of the seismic waves at each propagation angle; determining initial directional illumination of the seismic wave at each propagation angle according to each propagation time and each propagation distance; and determining illumination of each target direction according to each reflection coefficient and each initial direction illumination.
By adopting the technical scheme, reflection coefficients, propagation time and distance parameters of the seismic waves at different propagation angles are obtained. According to the time and distance relation, the initial direction deflection effect, namely initial direction illumination, of the seismic waves when the seismic waves propagate at different angles can be calculated. The final received seismic wave directional distribution, i.e. the target directional illumination, for each target point can be determined in combination with the reflection coefficient and the initial directional illumination. Therefore, the propagation process of the seismic wave can be more comprehensively and accurately described by acquiring more characteristic parameters and determining the directional illumination effect, so that the propagation path result is more accurate.
Optionally, calculating a correlation of each of the target directional illuminations according to each of the amplitudes, each of the phases, and each of the target directional illuminations; determining the target direction illumination corresponding to the target association degree larger than the preset association degree in each association degree as a sub-propagation path of the seismic waves; and determining the propagation path of the target point position according to each sub-propagation path.
By adopting the technical scheme, the association degree between the directional illuminations is calculated according to parameters such as amplitude, phase and the like. And the direction illumination with higher association and better consistency is screened out to be used as a sub-propagation path. Combining the multiple sub-paths, a single propagation path for each target point may be determined. Therefore, the consistency of the illumination of the direction is evaluated by calculating the association degree, the sub-paths are extracted, comprehensive determination is carried out, errors can be filtered, and the final propagation path result is more accurate and reliable. Compared with the method for directly determining the path, the method adds an evaluation and optimization mechanism of the path result, can extract the optimal result from a plurality of candidate paths, and remarkably improves the accuracy of determining the propagation path.
Optionally, acquiring waveform data of the seismic wave on the propagation path; determining a waveform intensity in the propagation path from the waveform data; and if the waveform intensity exceeds the standard intensity range, determining the position of the waveform intensity in the propagation path, and generating a prompt.
By adopting the technical scheme, the waveform data is acquired along the determined propagation path, and the waveform intensity is calculated. And judging whether the waveform intensity is normal or not according to a preset standard range. If the intensity is beyond the standard range, determining a specific position of the waveform intensity abnormality, and generating a prompt mark at the position. Therefore, the accuracy of the path result can be directly verified by acquiring the waveform data to test the propagation path, and the position with possible errors can be found out to provide reference for the follow-up optimized propagation model. Compared with the method for determining the propagation path only, the method has the advantages that a verification mechanism for the path result is added, whether the propagation tracking is accurate or not can be judged, an optimization prompt is given, large errors are avoided, and the reliability of the method is improved.
In a second aspect of the present application, a system for tracking a seismic propagation path is provided.
The information acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data and geological structure information of a target area, and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of the seismic wave in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information;
the parameter calculation module is used for determining at least one target point position for collecting the seismic waves in the target area and relative propagation parameters between the target point positions and the source point positions according to the source point positions and the corresponding propagation speeds;
And the path calculation module is used for determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at the position of each target point according to each relative propagation parameter.
In a third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided.
A system for tracking a seismic propagation path comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the program can be loaded and executed by the processor to realize a method for tracking the seismic propagation path.
In a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided.
A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor causes the processor to implement a method of tracking a seismic propagation path.
In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
1. according to the method, basic data support is provided for calculating the propagation speed of the source point through the acquired seismic data and geological information. The calculated source point propagation velocity may determine the possible target point positions. The determined relative propagation parameters comprise data of propagation characteristics from the source point to each target point. By integrating these parameters, the path of the seismic wave propagation can be traced. According to the method and the device, the seismic wave propagation characteristics of the target area can be comprehensively obtained, the accurate propagation path of the seismic waves from the source point to each target point is analyzed and reconstructed, the comprehensive analysis and tracking of the seismic wave propagation process under a complex scene are realized, and the accuracy of tracking the seismic wave propagation path is improved.
2. According to the method and the device, the seismic wave propagation wave field of the area can be generated according to the calculated source point propagation speed, and the condition that the seismic wave propagates outwards from the source point is simulated. The position of the target point can be obtained from the wave field and the direction and magnitude of the propagation velocity between the source point and the target point position is determined, denoted as velocity vector. According to the velocity vector from the source point to each target point, the relative parameters of the seismic wave transmitted from the source point to the target point, such as the transmission angle, the attenuation rate and the like, can be calculated. Parameters of the seismic wave propagation characteristics can be intuitively obtained through wave field generation and velocity vector calculation, and a foundation is laid for follow-up tracking of propagation paths.
3. The correlation degree between directional illuminations is calculated according to parameters such as amplitude, phase and the like. And the direction illumination with higher association and better consistency is screened out to be used as a sub-propagation path. Combining the multiple sub-paths, a single propagation path for each target point may be determined. Therefore, the consistency of the illumination of the direction is evaluated by calculating the association degree, the sub-paths are extracted, comprehensive determination is carried out, errors can be filtered, and the final propagation path result is more accurate and reliable. Compared with the method for directly determining the path, the method adds an evaluation and optimization mechanism of the path result, can extract the optimal result from a plurality of candidate paths, and remarkably improves the accuracy of determining the propagation path.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for tracking a seismic propagation path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for tracking a seismic propagation path according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to the disclosure in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 300. an electronic device; 301. a processor; 302. a communication bus; 303. a user interface; 304. a network interface; 305. a memory.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
In the description of embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described herein as "such as" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "or" for example "is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of systems means two or more systems, and a plurality of screen terminals means two or more screen terminals. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating an indicated technical feature. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
In order to facilitate understanding of the methods and systems provided in the embodiments of the present application, a description of the background of the embodiments of the present application is provided before the description of the embodiments of the present application.
Currently, existing seismic propagation path tracking methods are mainly based on ray theory, i.e. seismic waves are considered to propagate in a subsurface medium according to a straight or fixed curved path. However, in practical application, due to the fact that different structures exist in practical underground mediums, differences exist in the structures of the seismic waves passing through different points in the propagation process, so that differences in directions of the seismic waves can occur in the propagation process, and the propagation path of the seismic waves is inaccurately tracked.
The embodiment of the application discloses a tracking method of a seismic propagation path, which comprises the steps of obtaining seismic data and address structure information, calculating propagation transition of a target area, determining propagation parameters, and then determining the propagation path according to the propagation parameters. The method is mainly used for solving the problem of inaccurate acquisition of the vibration propagation path.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the problems associated with the prior art are solved by the foregoing background description, and a detailed description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application is provided below, with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, where the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for tracking a seismic propagation path includes steps S10 to S40, specifically including the steps of:
s10: and acquiring the seismic data and the geological structure information of the target area, and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of the seismic wave in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information.
Specifically, an initial velocity model of the target region may be constructed based on the acquired seismic data and geologic structure information. The velocity model reflects the wave velocity distribution at various locations within the target region. The purpose of the velocity model is to simulate the propagation characteristics of the seismic waves in the model. The positions of all source points in the target area are sequentially input into the constructed speed model, and the model can simulate the propagation of seismic waves emitted from all source points in the target area and output the propagation speed of the seismic waves of each source point position. This is done because the propagation velocity of seismic waves in an anisotropic formation medium will be different after they emanate from different sources. In this way, the invention can acquire the seismic wave propagation speed of each source point position according to the real seismic data and geological information by utilizing the simulation result constructed by the speed model, and lay a foundation for the follow-up accurate tracking of the seismic propagation path.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the specific step of determining the propagation velocity further includes S11 to S12:
s11: constructing an initial velocity model according to the seismic data and the geological structure information
Wherein, the seismic data: refers to various seismic record data collected in a target area, including seismic waveform records, seismic profile data, seismic positioning results, and the like. These data may reflect formation and subsurface medium propagation characteristics. Common seismic data include: recording a seismic waveform: the motion of the seismic waves at the detector is recorded, reflecting the seismic characteristics of the formation. Seismic profile data: and drawing a vertical sectional view of the stratum reflection interface to reflect the stratum structure. Seismic localization results: and (5) giving out the seismic source parameters, the seismic moment, the magnitude and the like, and reflecting the fault activity.
Geological structure information: refers to information related to the stratum and geologic structure of a target area acquired through various geological survey means. Such information may more intuitively characterize the formation distribution. Common geologic structure information includes: drilling a column chart: depicting the distribution of formations traversed during the drilling process. Geological profile: depicting an outcrop section of the formation in a certain direction. Regional geology map: reflecting the horizontal distribution of the formation on the plane. Fault distribution map: the fault structure present in the region is displayed.
The seismic data and the geological structure information are synthesized, the stratum interface distribution and the medium property change condition of the target area can be comprehensively known, and an accurate initial velocity model is established.
Illustratively, the purpose of constructing the initial velocity model is to simulate the propagation of seismic waves in complex subsurface media, taking into account the actual geological conditions of the target region. Firstly, various seismic data of the area, such as seismic records, seismic sections and the like, are collected, and the propagation velocity of the stratum can be analyzed by processing the records. And meanwhile, collecting geological information such as drilling results, geological sections, geological statistics and the like of the region, and establishing a three-dimensional geological model of stratum and structure. And then, on the basis of a geological model, combining propagation characteristics reflected by seismic data, determining important parameters such as density, elastic wave speed and the like of different strata so as to parameterize the properties of the strata. The parameterized formation properties are mapped into a three-dimensional geologic model to form an initial velocity distribution model of the subsurface structure. By using the velocity model of the comprehensive seismic data and the geological information, the propagation process of the seismic waves in the area can be simulated, and the propagation paths of all source points can be calculated, so that the tracking of the seismic wave propagation is realized. The constructed initial velocity model not only considers the seismic data, but also fuses the geological information, so that the subsequent simulation calculation is closer to the actual situation, and a more reliable seismic propagation path result can be provided.
S12: and inputting each source point position in the target area into the velocity model, and outputting the propagation velocity of the seismic wave of each source point position.
Illustratively, each seismic source point existing in the target area is determined, and the source point can be determined by analyzing a historical seismic catalog or can be preset according to the geological activity background of the target area. In the built initial velocity model, the spatial coordinate position of each source point, i.e. its determined position in the three-dimensional velocity field, is taken out in turn. Taking each source point position as a center, and adopting an interpolation method to obtain a speed value at the source point position according to the peripheral point speed distribution condition given by a speed model, namely the propagation speed of the seismic wave emitted at the source point. The above process is repeated to obtain an accurate velocity value for each predetermined source point in the target area. Thus, by inputting the source point positions into the velocity model, the propagation velocity of each source point can be accurately simulated according to different stratum construction conditions of each position. This lays a foundation for subsequent propagation path computation and tracking. Different source point distributions are input, propagation speed results under a plurality of different scenes can be established, and comprehensive simulation of the seismic wave propagation process is realized.
S20: and determining the position of at least one target point for collecting the seismic waves in the target area and the relative propagation parameters between the positions of the target points and the positions of the source points according to the positions of the source points and the corresponding propagation speeds.
Wherein, a set of preset space point positions are used for collecting and receiving the seismic waves emitted by the source points. The target point includes: the acquisition point reflects the function of the acquisition point to acquire the received seismic waves; survey stations reflecting that these points are used to perform seismic surveys; the detectors reflect that these points act to detect seismic waves. The setting of the target point needs to consider the effective coverage of the area so as to acquire the overall information in the seismic wave propagation process sent by the source point. And the seismic records collected by the target points are used for tracking and analyzing the propagation path of the seismic waves.
Specifically, after the propagation speed of each source point is calculated, the target point in the seismic wave propagation process and the propagation parameters between the source point and the target point need to be further determined based on the source points, which is the key of simulating and tracking the seismic wave propagation path. Specifically, a plurality of receiving points are set in a target area to serve as target points for receiving and collecting seismic waves sent by source points. The distribution of target points can be designed according to the reception conditions to achieve effective coverage of the area. For each source point, from its position coordinates and calculated propagation velocity, a spherical wave emitted from the source point can be simulated, propagated in a velocity field, and the arrival times at the respective target points recorded. From the distance between each pair of source and target points and the time difference of arrival, a propagation velocity vector from the source point to the target point can be calculated. Finally, the propagation parameters describing the propagation direction and the velocity of the seismic waves from each source point to a given target point can be obtained by superposing the propagation velocity vectors of all the source points to the target point. According to the scheme, the propagation characteristics of each target point in a multi-source point scene can be determined, the propagation corresponding relation between the source point and the target point is established, and a foundation is laid for tracking calculation of a subsequent path.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the specific step of determining the relative propagation parameter further includes S21 to S23:
s21: generating a wave field of the target area according to each propagation speed and each source point position;
wherein, the wave field refers to the sum of the effects of propagation, attenuation and superposition of seismic waves emitted by source points in the spatial field domain. I.e. the wavefield is a simulation and description of the spatial distribution of the seismic wave propagation process.
Illustratively, the position of the source point and the propagation velocity at which it emits a spherical wave can be determined from the position coordinates and the propagation velocity of each source point calculated previously. The spherical waves emitted by all source points are superimposed in the three-dimensional target area, and the propagation process of the spherical waves along with the attenuation of the distance can be simulated by considering the speed value of each point position. Scanning in a time domain can obtain wave field distribution conditions in a target area at each moment. By integrating wave fields at different moments, a dynamic change process of seismic wave propagation and attenuation in a target area can be established. Thus, the generated wave field contains the comprehensive effect of the seismic waves propagated from a plurality of source points, and the processes of scattering, reflection and the like of the waves in the area can be intuitively observed, so that a foundation is laid for analyzing the propagation path in the next step. According to the requirements, wave field changes in different time periods and different sections can be output to conduct multi-angle analysis.
S22: the position of the target point in the wave field is acquired and a velocity vector between each source point position and the target point position is determined.
Illustratively, in simulating the generated wave field, the coordinate positions of all the set target points are found, which can be achieved by marking the sequence numbers of the target points in the wave field. For each determined target point, extracting the data of wave fields near the point, analyzing wave field patterns, and calculating the wave front propagation direction. The direction of the propagation path from the source point to the target point can then be determined. According to the propagation direction and the distance between the two points, the propagation speed of the source point is referenced, and the speed and the direction from the source point to the target point, namely the speed vector, can be calculated. Through the process, accurate spatial position information of the target point in the wave field can be obtained, the direction of the propagation speed of the seismic wave from each source point to the target point can be calculated, and a foundation is laid for constructing a propagation path later. Together, the velocity vectors of the different target points can delineate the wave propagation situation in the wave field.
S23: based on each velocity vector, the relative propagation parameters of the seismic waves are determined.
Illustratively, velocity vector data is collected from each source point to each target point. The distribution pattern of these vectors is analyzed to determine the critical directions constituting the propagation path. The magnitude and direction changes of the velocity vectors in these critical directions are calculated, and the principal azimuth of the propagation direction is determined, along with the corresponding amplitude attenuation model. These angles and attenuation models are determined as propagation characteristic parameters, i.e. relative propagation parameters, of the seismic waves from a single source point to a single target point. The relative parameters of the seismic wave propagation can be deduced according to the velocity vector, a propagation model can be built by combining the propagation parameters from a plurality of source points to the same target point, the propagation model is used for describing the propagation modes of the seismic wave from the source points to the target point in a complex scene, and the determination of the relative parameters is the basis for constructing a propagation path.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the specific step of determining the relative propagation parameter according to the velocity vector further includes S231 to S233:
s231: based on each velocity vector, a velocity vector field of the target region is generated.
The velocity vector field refers to a space vector distribution field which represents the propagation direction and the velocity of the seismic wave at each position in the range of the target area. I.e. the velocity vector field is a vector field giving the direction and magnitude of the propagation velocity of the seismic wave at each location over the whole target area.
Illustratively, velocity vector data is collected for all source points to respective target points. And mapping the corresponding speed vector to the position according to the coordinate position of each target point in the range of the target area. By means of spatial interpolation, a continuous velocity vector distribution, i.e. a velocity vector field, within the target area is generated from the velocity vectors of the discrete points. Two-dimensional slices of the velocity vector field at different time phases or profiles are extracted as required to represent the direction of seismic wave propagation in that plane. Therefore, the direction situation of the seismic wave propagation in the whole target area can be visually displayed, the path of the seismic wave propagation can be deduced by observing the continuity of the wave front propagation direction and the main direction of the resolution vector field, and the generated velocity vector field is the basis for the subsequent path extraction.
S232: a plurality of propagation angles between each source point and the target point position in the velocity vector field is determined.
Illustratively, in the generated velocity vector field, the coordinate locations of the source and target points are identified. The direction angle of the connecting line from the source point to the target point is calculated as the main propagation angle. Taking the connecting line as an axis, taking a plurality of sector areas around the connecting line, analyzing the main direction of the speed vector in each sector area, and calculating an angle value corresponding to the direction of the connecting line. The plurality of angle values is determined to constitute a set of propagation angles of the source point to the target point location. In this way, according to the complex wave propagation condition reflected in the velocity vector field, a plurality of angle parameters describing the propagation path from the source point to the target point can be determined, and the basis of the propagation loss model is established. The propagation model is made more comprehensive by considering multiple angles.
S233: the amplitude and phase of each propagation angle are taken as the relative propagation parameters of the seismic wave
For example, seismic signals are extracted from the wave field data over a plurality of determined propagation angles. The signal at each angle is analyzed, and the amplitude attenuation value and the phase offset of the signal are calculated. The amplitude attenuation values and phase offsets corresponding to each angle are organized into a parameter dataset of the propagation loss model. And establishing a mathematical mapping relation between the angle and the amplitude, and between the angle and the phase.
S30: and determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at each target point position according to each relative propagation parameter.
Wherein, the propagation path refers to a space curve actually passed by the seismic wave in the process of propagating from a seismic source point to a detector. The propagation path reflects the propagation trace of the seismic wave.
Specifically, a mathematical relationship model between propagation parameters and path direction is established. And for each target receiving point, all the source points connected with the target receiving point are taken and input into a model, so that a plurality of possible propagation path directions between each pair of source receiving points are obtained. And combining path results of different source points to comprehensively determine the final propagation path direction of the receiving point. And finally, calculating the specific curve shape of the propagation path, and finishing the determination of the propagation path of the receiving point. According to the propagation parameters, the real seismic wave propagation path of each receiving point under the complex model can be analyzed, the comprehensive tracking of the seismic wave propagation process is realized, and a foundation is laid for the subsequent application research.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, there is also a process of determining directional illumination before determining the propagation path, and the specific steps include S31 to S33:
s31: acquiring reflection coefficients, propagation time and propagation distance of seismic waves at various propagation angles; based on each travel time and each travel distance, an initial directional illumination of the seismic wave at each travel angle is determined.
Where the initial direction illumination refers to the effect of what direction the seismic wave propagates when it is incident from one direction. The initial directional illumination reflects the directional deflection characteristics of the seismic wave propagation. The initial direction illumination considers the effects of refraction, reflection and the like of the seismic wave, is related to the incidence angle and the reflection coefficient of the propagation path, and can express the direction deflection effect by using the angle and the intensity.
For example, wave field data is analyzed for a plurality of determined propagation paths, and the reflection coefficients of the seismic waves on these paths are calculated. The travel times and actual travel distances of the seismic waves along these paths are recorded. From time and distance, in combination with propagation speed, it is possible to determine the directional effect of wave propagation, i.e. in which direction a wave incident from one direction will be deflected. The reflection coefficient, incidence angle and deflection angle of the integrated path can be quantified to represent this initial directional illumination effect. This process is repeated to obtain directional illumination characteristics for all propagation paths. According to the scheme, a fine propagation model can be constructed, multiple factors such as time, distance, reflection, direction deflection and the like are considered, and the complex propagation effect of the seismic waves is comprehensively described.
S32: determining illumination of each target direction according to each reflection coefficient and illumination of each direction
Illustratively, the reflection coefficients and initial directional illumination parameters of all propagation paths associated with the target point are collected. A plurality of calculation directions of the target point range are set. For each calculation direction, all propagation paths are taken, and the wave intensity which is finally deflected to the calculation direction can be calculated by combining the reflection coefficient, the incidence angle and the initial deflection angle.
The process is repeated, so that the comprehensive wave intensity distribution of the target point in each calculation direction can be obtained, and the target direction illumination effect of the point is formed. Repeating the above process for all target points to obtain the directional illumination effect of the whole area. Through the step, the complete directional illumination characteristics of each target position can be systematically determined, and the comprehensive description of the complex propagation effect of the seismic waves is realized.
In another alternative embodiment of the present application, the specific step of determining the propagation path further includes S33 to S35:
s33: and calculating the association degree of illumination in each target direction according to each amplitude, each phase and illumination in each target direction.
Illustratively, two propagation paths of the same target point are taken, and their amplitude attenuation parameters and phase parameters are extracted. And obtaining the illumination results of the two paths in the corresponding directions to obtain the illumination distribution of the two directions. And calculating the numerical relevance of the illumination in two directions according to a gray relevance method by considering the relevance of the amplitude and the phase parameters. And repeating the process to obtain the correlation matrix between the illumination combinations of all directions of the target point. The higher the correlation value, the more consistent the illumination in the two directions, and the more accurate the propagation model. Through the step, a quantitative index is established, whether the propagation model is reasonable or not can be judged, the precision of the model is judged, and acceptance of the propagation tracking technical scheme is completed.
S34: and determining target direction illumination corresponding to the target association degree which is larger than the preset association degree in each association degree as a sub-propagation path of the seismic waves.
Illustratively, a threshold value of the correlation degree of the illumination result in one direction is preset as the preset correlation degree. The directional illumination correlation matrix for each target point is analyzed. And screening out the directional illumination combinations with the correlation degree larger than the preset correlation degree, wherein the directional illumination combinations indicate that simulation results of different propagation paths for the directional illumination have good consistency. From which these directions are determined as sub-propagation path directions of the target point. And repeating the process to obtain the sub-path results of all the target points. According to the scheme, the directional illumination with good result consistency and higher accuracy under a plurality of propagation paths can be extracted and used as a sub-path in the seismic wave propagation process, and the determination of the propagation paths is completed.
S35: from each sub-propagation path, a propagation path of the target point position is determined.
Illustratively, a plurality of sub-propagation path directions associated with each target point are collected. The weight synthesis is performed in consideration of the number of times and importance of occurrence of each sub-path direction. And calculating the synthesized single direction as the final propagation path of the seismic wave of the target point. And according to the direction, connecting the source point and the target point, and calculating a detailed space curve of the path. And repeating the process to obtain the result of the seismic wave propagation path covering all the target points. Through the step, a single propagation path of each target point can be systematically determined, the combined action of multiple source points and multiple sub-paths is considered, and the complete analysis and tracking of the seismic wave propagation process under a complex scene are realized.
In yet another alternative embodiment of the present application, there is a process of prompting abnormal waveform data, and the specific steps include S36 to S37:
s36: acquiring waveform data of seismic waves on a propagation path; from the waveform data, the waveform intensity in the propagation path is determined.
The raw data of the waveforms detected by the seismograph are collected, illustratively, according to the determined propagation paths. The waveform data is preprocessed to remove noise. And analyzing the waveform data, extracting the amplitude of the wave, and calculating the amplitude of different acquisition points on the path. And determining the attenuation value of the waveform propagation intensity on the path according to the amplitude attenuation rule. This process is repeated to obtain waveform intensity characteristics of all propagation paths. By the scheme, the accuracy of the propagation path can be positively verified, the influence of the research path on the signal is quantified, and a foundation is laid for subsequent application research.
S37: if the waveform intensity exceeds the standard intensity range, determining the position of the waveform intensity in the propagation path and generating a prompt.
Wherein, the standard intensity range refers to the normal range of the waveform intensity which is comprehensively determined by referring to a known theoretical calculation value or an empirical value; in a similar geological environment, actual measurement is carried out to obtain a waveform intensity data set, and a normal variation range is counted; establishing a propagation loss model, combining factors such as wave source parameters and the like, and simulating the distribution range of the predicted waveform intensity; and through repeated experiments, the standard range is adjusted, so that the waveform intensity after path optimization can meet the standard. And combining a plurality of modes, and comprehensively determining the standard waveform intensity variation range suitable for the current scene.
Illustratively, a standard range of waveform intensity is preset. And comparing the calculated waveform intensity with a standard range. If the waveform intensity is outside the standard range, an error is indicated in the path. The position where the waveform intensity deviation is largest is determined as the position of the propagation path error. A hint flag is generated at the location indicating that the path needs to be modified and optimized. By the scheme, the accuracy of the propagation path result can be checked, a path segment with a problem can be found, a prompt is given for reference in the optimization of a subsequent propagation model, and the verification of the technical scheme is completed.
Referring to fig. 2, a system for tracking a seismic propagation path according to an embodiment of the present application includes: the system comprises an information acquisition module, a parameter calculation module and a path calculation module, wherein:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the seismic data and the geological structure information of the target area and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of the seismic wave in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information;
the parameter calculation module is used for determining the position of at least one target point for collecting the seismic waves in the target area and the relative propagation parameters between the position of each target point and the position of each source point according to the positions of each source point and the corresponding propagation speed;
And the path calculation module is used for determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at the position of each target point according to each relative propagation parameter.
On the basis of the embodiment, the information acquisition module is further used for constructing an initial velocity model according to the seismic data and the geological structure information; and inputting each source point position in the target area into the velocity model, and outputting the propagation velocity of the seismic wave of each source point position.
On the basis of the embodiment, the parameter calculation module is further used for generating a wave field of the target area according to each propagation speed and each source point position; acquiring the position of a target point in the wave field, and determining a speed vector between each source point position and the target point position; based on each velocity vector, the relative propagation parameters of the seismic waves are determined.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the parameter calculation module further includes generating a velocity vector field of the target area according to each velocity vector; determining a plurality of propagation angles between each source point and the target point position in the velocity vector field; the amplitude and phase at each propagation angle are used as the relative propagation parameters of the seismic waves.
On the basis of the embodiment, the parameter calculation module further comprises obtaining the reflection coefficient, the propagation time and the propagation distance of the seismic waves at each propagation angle; determining the initial direction illumination of the seismic wave on each propagation angle according to each propagation time and each propagation distance; and determining illumination of each target direction according to each reflection coefficient and each initial direction illumination.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the path calculation module is further configured to calculate a correlation degree of illumination in each target direction according to each amplitude, each phase, and illumination in each target direction; determining target direction illumination corresponding to a target association degree larger than a preset association degree in each association degree as a sub-propagation path of the seismic waves; from each sub-propagation path, a propagation path of the target point position is determined.
On the basis of the embodiment, the path calculation module further comprises acquiring waveform data of the seismic waves on the propagation path; determining waveform intensity in the propagation path from the waveform data; if the waveform intensity exceeds the standard intensity range, determining the position of the waveform intensity in the propagation path and generating a prompt.
It should be noted that: in the device provided in the above embodiment, when implementing the functions thereof, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the above functional allocation may be implemented by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to implement all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the embodiments of the apparatus and the method provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes of the embodiments of the method are detailed in the method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
The application also discloses electronic equipment. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to the disclosure in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 300 may include: at least one processor 301, at least one network interface 304, a user interface 303, a memory 305, at least one communication bus 302.
Wherein the communication bus 302 is used to enable connected communication between these components.
The user interface 303 may include a Display screen (Display) interface and a Camera (Camera) interface, and the optional user interface 303 may further include a standard wired interface and a standard wireless interface.
The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface), among others.
Wherein the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect various portions of the overall server, perform various functions of the server and process data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and invoking data stored in the memory 305. Alternatively, the processor 301 may be implemented in hardware in at least one of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 301 may integrate one or a combination of several of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), an image processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), and a modem etc. The CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface diagram, an application program and the like; the GPU is used for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed by the display screen; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 301 and may be implemented by a single chip.
The Memory 305 may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 305 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). Memory 305 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, sets of codes, or sets of instructions. The memory 305 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described respective method embodiments, etc.; the storage data area may store data or the like involved in the above respective method embodiments. Memory 305 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 301. Referring to fig. 3, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program of a tracking method of a seismic propagation path may be included in the memory 305 as a computer storage medium.
In the electronic device 300 shown in fig. 3, the user interface 303 is mainly used for providing an input interface for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and the processor 301 may be used to invoke an application in the memory 305 that stores a method of tracking a seismic propagation path, which when executed by the one or more processors 301, causes the electronic device 300 to perform the method as in one or more of the embodiments described above. It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of actions described, as some steps may be performed in other order or simultaneously in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in the present application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, such as a division of units, merely a division of logic functions, and there may be additional divisions in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some service interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, electrical or otherwise.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable memory. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a memory, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned memory includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, equivalent changes and modifications are contemplated by the teachings of this disclosure, which fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure.
This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of tracking a seismic propagation path, comprising:
acquiring seismic data and geological structure information of a target area, and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of seismic waves in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information;
determining at least one target point position for acquiring the seismic waves in the target area and relative propagation parameters between the target point positions and the source point positions according to the source point positions and the corresponding propagation speeds;
and determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at each target point position according to each relative propagation parameter.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the propagation velocity of the source point location of the seismic wave in the target region from the seismic data and the geologic structure information comprises:
Constructing an initial velocity model according to the seismic data and the geological structure information;
and inputting each source point position in the target area into the velocity model, and outputting the propagation velocity of the seismic wave of each source point position.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the target point location in the target region at which the seismic wave was acquired from each of the source point locations and the corresponding propagation velocity, and the relative propagation parameters between each of the target point locations and each of the source point locations, comprises:
generating a wave field of the target region based on each of the propagation velocities and each of the source point locations;
acquiring the target point positions in the wave field and determining velocity vectors between each of the source point positions and the target point positions;
the relative propagation parameters of the seismic waves are determined from each of the velocity vectors.
4. A method of tracking a seismic propagation path according to claim 3, wherein said determining each of said relative propagation parameters for said seismic waves based on each of said velocity vectors comprises:
Generating a speed vector field of the target area according to each speed vector;
determining a plurality of propagation angles between each of the source points and the target point location in the velocity vector field;
and taking the amplitude and the phase at each propagation angle as the seismic wave relative propagation parameters.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the propagation path of the seismic wave before each target point location based on each of the relative propagation parameters, further comprises:
acquiring reflection coefficients, propagation time and propagation distance of the seismic waves at each propagation angle;
determining initial directional illumination of the seismic wave at each propagation angle according to each propagation time and each propagation distance;
and determining illumination of each target direction according to each reflection coefficient and each initial direction illumination.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at the target point location based on the respective relative propagation parameters comprises:
calculating the association degree of each target direction illumination according to each amplitude, each phase and each target direction illumination;
Determining the target direction illumination corresponding to the target association degree larger than the preset association degree in each association degree as a sub-propagation path of the seismic waves;
and determining the propagation path of the target point position according to each sub-propagation path.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at each target point location based on each of the relative propagation parameters further comprises:
acquiring waveform data of the seismic waves on the propagation path;
determining a waveform intensity in the propagation path from the waveform data;
and if the waveform intensity exceeds the standard intensity range, determining the position of the waveform intensity in the propagation path, and generating a prompt.
8. A system for tracking a seismic travel path, the system comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data and geological structure information of a target area, and calculating the propagation speed of the source point position of the seismic wave in the target area according to the seismic data and the geological structure information;
the parameter calculation module is used for determining at least one target point position for collecting the seismic waves in the target area and relative propagation parameters between the target point positions and the source point positions according to the source point positions and the corresponding propagation speeds;
And the path calculation module is used for determining the propagation path of the seismic wave at the position of each target point according to each relative propagation parameter.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface, the memory for storing instructions, the user interface and the network interface for communicating to other devices, the processor for executing the instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform the method of tracking a seismic propagation path as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed, perform the method steps of tracking a seismic propagation path as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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