CN117890073B - Force balance and driving shaft integrated rolling rotation derivative test device - Google Patents
Force balance and driving shaft integrated rolling rotation derivative test device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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Abstract
A force measuring balance and driving shaft integrated rolling rotation derivative test device belongs to the technical field of aero-aerodynamic test measurement. The invention solves the problems of limited model space, large connection error between the force measuring balance and the rotating shaft and poor rigidity performance of the traditional rolling rotation derivative measuring device. The technical key points are as follows: the integrated force measuring balance is arranged in the outer support rod, the angle balance is sleeved on the integrated force measuring balance, and the rear end of a rotating shaft of the integrated force measuring balance is connected with the motion conversion mechanism; the rear end of the outer support rod is connected with the motor support rod, the motion conversion mechanism, the motor and the speed reducer are all arranged in the motor support rod, the output end of the motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the motion conversion mechanism, the motor and the speed reducer drive the eccentric shaft to continuously rotate, and the integrated force measuring balance continuously rotates through the motion conversion function of the chute block. The device is suitable for measuring the rolling rotation derivative in the high-speed wind tunnel aircraft dynamic derivative test and the low-speed wind tunnel aircraft dynamic derivative test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rolling derivative test device, in particular to a force measuring balance and driving shaft integrated rolling derivative test device, and belongs to the technical field of aero-aerodynamic test measurement.
Background
The forced vibration test method is a common wind tunnel dynamic derivative test method. The forced vibration method is to use a forced model of an exciter to make simple harmonic vibration with fixed frequency and fixed amplitude under a certain degree of freedom. The rolling derivative test device is simple harmonic vibration with fixed frequency and fixed amplitude in the rolling direction of a balance model system. The rolling rotation derivative test device is generally in the structure form of: the horizontal and rotary shafts are installed in the tail support rod through bearings and integrally fixed on the wind tunnel attack angle mechanism, and simple harmonic vibration of the rotary shafts, the force measuring balance and the model system is realized through the vibration exciter and the motion conversion mechanism. The displacement element measures the motion gesture of the model, the balance is used for measuring aerodynamic load of the model and inertial force of the model, and the dynamic derivative of the model can be calculated through data processing.
The roll rotation derivative test device angle measurement element placement position generally has two ways: the first angle measuring element is arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft, and only the rotating shaft is arranged in the cavity of the model during test, and the angle balance is arranged behind the tail of the model. The structural form is suitable for the situation that the space size of the die cavity is severely limited, such as a large slenderness ratio model and a tail rapid shrinkage model. The space layout of the model is trouble, but new problems are generated, the distance between the angle measuring element and the force measuring balance element is far, the real position state of the model and the measuring state of the angle balance are distorted to a certain extent, and the vibration and deformation are easy to generate during the test because the rotating shaft is an elongated rod, so that the vibration of the model and the rotating shaft has a certain influence on the measuring result of the angle balance.
The second angle measuring element is arranged at the front end of the rotating shaft and is close to the accessory of the measuring balance, so that the problems of distortion and vibration influence of the model state and the angle balance measuring state can be solved. However, the angle balance is required to be sleeved on the rotating shaft, the outer diameter of the angle balance is larger and is limited by the space of the test model, often, the second test structure is difficult to arrange in the cavity of the model, the model needs tail amplification, and the measurement result of the rolling derivative test is influenced to a certain extent. Chinese patent CN201621417283.0 discloses a balance measuring device for rolling derivative experiment, which is a second type of angle balance layout, and the main inventive content of the patent is motion conversion mechanism. Chinese patent CN202310015603.8 discloses a high-speed quick derivative test mechanism and its working method, which is the second type of angle balance layout, and the main inventive content of the patent is motion conversion mechanism. Chinese patent CN201910065769.4 discloses a double-displacement rolling rotation derivative test device capable of rechecking, namely a second type of angle balance layout form, and the invention is mainly capable of realizing rechecking of angle measurement balance.
In either arrangement, the connection between the load balance and the rotating shaft is generally a conical surface fit connection and is tightened with a wedge key. The adoption of conical surface matching connection brings problems: 1. the taper connection needs to meet a certain matching length to be matched and fastened and firm. This results in a relatively large distance between the force measuring balance element center and the angle balance element, and an increased distance of extension of the rotation axis from the fixed outer strut. The same problem is true for the layout forms of chinese patent CN201621417283.0 and chinese patent CN 202310015603.8. 2. The force measuring balance and the rotating shaft are tensioned through the wedge key, and impact vibration influence is easily generated on the motion conversion mechanism during installation. 3. The coaxiality error is increased due to the taper connection between the load cell and the rotation shaft.
Therefore, aiming at the technical problems of the existing rolling derivative measuring device, there is a great need to develop a rolling derivative measuring device which can not only meet the space requirement of a model, but also reduce the connection error and meet the rigidity requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of limited model space, large connection error of a force measuring balance and a rotating shaft and poor rigidity performance of the conventional rolling derivative measuring device, the invention further provides a rolling derivative testing device integrating the force measuring balance and the driving shaft, and brief summary of the invention is provided below so as to provide basic understanding about certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a dynamometry balance and drive shaft integration rolling rotation derivative test device, includes integrated dynamometry balance, angle balance, outer branch, motion conversion mechanism, reduction gear, motor branch, motor;
The integrated force measuring balance is arranged in the outer support rod in a flat manner, the angle balance is sleeved on the integrated force measuring balance, and the rear end of a rotating shaft of the integrated force measuring balance is connected with the motion conversion mechanism; the rear end of the outer support rod is connected with the motor support rod, the motion conversion mechanism, the motor and the speed reducer are all arranged in the motor support rod, the output end of the motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the motion conversion mechanism;
The motion conversion mechanism comprises a chute block, a sliding bearing, an eccentric shaft and a speed reducer seat;
The integrated force measuring balance comprises a motor support rod, a sliding bearing, a speed reducer, a sliding bearing, a sliding groove, a sliding hole, a flat opening groove, a sliding shaft, a sliding bearing, a speed reducer seat, a motor support rod and a sliding bearing.
The motor and the speed reducer drive the eccentric shaft to continuously rotate, the continuous rotating motion of the integrated force measuring balance is realized through the motion conversion function of the chute block, the rear end of the integrated force measuring balance is provided with a flat opening which is connected with a flat opening groove on the chute block, the functions of transmitting torque and positioning are achieved, the eccentric shaft slides in the chute block, the continuous rotating motion of the eccentric shaft is converted into the rolling vibration of the integrated force measuring balance, and the design of the motion conversion mechanism can meet the space requirement of a model, reduce the connection error and meet the rigidity requirement.
Further: the front end of the chute is provided with a baffle cover. Prevent that lubricating oil from splashing in the spout test process.
Further: two screw holes are formed in the flat opening groove, and the flat opening is inserted into the flat opening groove and is matched and fixed with the screw holes through two set screws. The device has better rigidity, and realizes zero-clearance transmission between the chute block and the tail of the integrated force measuring balance.
Further: the integrated force measuring balance is supported in the outer support rod through a punching outer ring needle roller bearing and two deep groove ball bearings. Forming three supporting points at the front, middle and rear positions to realize free vibration of the bearing in the rolling direction.
Further: the integrated force measuring balance is an integrated structure of a force measuring balance and a rotating shaft, the front end of the force measuring balance is connected with the model through a conical surface, and a first reference platform is arranged at the front end of the force measuring balance and is used as a positioning reference surface during balance assembly, calibration and test; the force measuring balance element is in the form of a four-column beam element, and a first strain gauge is arranged on the four-column beam element to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring normal force, pitching moment, lateral force, yaw moment and rolling moment of the model.
Further: the angle balance is of a squirrel-cage structure formed by 16 angle balance beams, the angle balance beams are of a ladder-shaped structure, the arrangement form of the angle balance beams is wide in front and narrow in back, and 4 second strain gauges are arranged on the angle balance beams to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring the rolling vibration angle of the model. The front wide and rear narrow parts in the ladder-shaped structural form can better meet the requirement of pasting a strain gauge with a proper size, and can realize that the outer diameter of the angle balance is as small as possible, thereby better meeting the requirement of the installation space of the inner cavity of the model.
Further: the front end of the angle balance is connected with the integrated force measuring balance by adopting a screw and a pin, and the rear end of the angle balance is connected with the front circular ring of the outer support rod by adopting a screw and a pin.
Further: the tail end of the outer support rod is provided with a second reference platform for realizing the positioning reference during the ground assembly, calibration and test of the outer support rod; the tail of the outer support rod is provided with a plurality of oval holes, and the tail of the outer support rod passes through the oval holes through bolts and is connected with the flange end of the motor support rod. The oval hole can realize the leveling of the second reference platform, when relative machining errors exist between the outer support rod and the motor support rod, the bolt can be fixed on the motor support rod, so that the adjustment of + -2 degrees of the rolling direction of the outer support rod relative to the motor support rod is realized, and the outer support rod and the motor support rod are ensured to be parallel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
Compared with the prior art, the device for testing the integrated rolling derivative of the force balance and the driving shaft is suitable for measuring rolling derivative in the dynamic derivative test of the high-speed wind tunnel aircraft and the low-speed wind tunnel aircraft, can measure five-component pneumatic load of a model in the rolling vibration test, can measure the vibration angle of the force measurement model, realizes the conversion of continuous rotary motion of a motor into rolling vibration of the model through a motion conversion mechanism, can accurately detect the pneumatic load and the vibration angle of the model in the dynamic derivative test, can obtain the dynamic derivative value of the aircraft through data processing, and provides basis for the design of the aircraft. The invention can solve the technical problems of the measuring device in the rolling derivative test, which not only can meet the space requirement of a model, but also can reduce the connection error and meet the rigidity requirement.
The integrated force measuring balance has compact structure and convenient processing, the force measuring elements are designed by four columns Liang Buju, and the mutual interference among the elements is small; the measuring element and the rotating shaft are integrally designed, so that the connecting gap is reduced, and the outer diameter size is reduced.
According to the invention, the angle balance beam is designed by adopting a stepped space layout, the external dimension of the dynamic derivative mechanism is compact, and the space dimension requirement of the aircraft model is better met.
The motion conversion mechanism and the integrated force balance are tightly and firmly connected, the transmission is gapless, the vibration is stable, and the system reliability is high.
The invention has strong environmental applicability and practicability, and has wide market application prospect and good social benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a load cell and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an integrated load cell balance and angle balance of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an integrated load cell in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a load cell in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an angle balance in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a motion conversion mechanism in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a chute block in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an outer strut of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of an outer strut in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an integrated load cell calibration in accordance with the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals are respectively:
1-an integrated force balance; 2-an angle balance; 3-punching an outer ring needle roller bearing; 4-an outer strut; 5-a motion conversion mechanism; 6-a speed reducer; 7-a motor support rod; 8-deep groove ball bearings; 9-a motor; 10-calibrating the supporting rod; 11-a first reference platform; 12-a first strain gauge; 13-flat mouth; 14-four column beam elements; 21-a second strain gage; 22-angle balance beam; 41-a second reference platform; 42-oval-shaped holes; 51-sliding bearings; 52 chute blocks; 53-eccentric shaft; 54-a reducer mount; 521-a baffle cover; 522-a chute; 523-flat slot; 524-screw holes.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described below by means of specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention. It should be further understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in this specification are used merely for distinguishing between various components, elements, steps, etc. in the specification and not for indicating a logical or sequential relationship between the various components, elements, steps, etc., unless otherwise indicated.
Embodiment 1, which is described with reference to fig. 1 to 10, provides a force measuring balance and driving shaft integrated rolling rotation derivative test device, comprising an integrated force measuring balance 1, an angle balance 2, an outer support rod 4, a motion conversion mechanism 5, a motor support rod 7, a speed reducer 6 and a motor 9; the motion conversion mechanism 5 includes a chute block 52, a slide bearing 51, an eccentric shaft 53, and a decelerator seat 54.
The integrated force measuring balance 1 is supported in the outer support rod 4 through a punching outer ring needle roller bearing 3 and two deep groove ball bearings 8 to form three supporting points at the front, middle and rear positions, so that free vibration of the bearing in the rolling direction is realized; the integrated force measuring balance 1 is an integrated structure of a force measuring level and a rotating shaft, the front end of the force measuring balance is connected with the model through a conical surface, and the front end of the force measuring balance is provided with a first reference platform 11 which is used as a positioning reference surface during balance assembly, calibration and test; the force balance element is in the form of a four-column beam element 14, and a first strain gauge 12 is arranged on the four-column beam element 14 to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring normal force, pitching moment, lateral force, yaw moment and rolling moment of the model.
Specifically: the diameter of the main body part of the integrated force measuring balance 1 is 46mm, the length is 1200mm, the normal force Y=4000N of the design load is 18mm multiplied by 14mm, 24 first strain gauges 12 are arranged on the four-column beam element 14 in total to form 5 Wheatstone bridges, the first strain gauges 12 on the outer sides of the upper surface and the lower surface of the four-column beam element 14 form bridge measuring normal force, and the first strain gauges 12 in the middle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the four-column beam element 14 form bridge measuring pitching moment; the first strain gage 12 outside the left and right surfaces of the four-column beam member 14 constitutes a bridge to measure lateral force and roll moment, and the first strain gage 12 in the middle of the left and right surfaces of the four-column beam member 14 constitutes a bridge to measure yaw moment.
The angle balance 2 is sleeved on the integrated force measuring balance 1, the front end of the angle balance 2 is connected with the integrated force measuring balance 1 through screws and pins, and the rear end of the angle balance 2 is connected with the front circular ring of the outer support rod 4 through screws and pins. The angle balance 2 is of a squirrel-cage structure formed by angle balance beams 22, the angle balance beams 22 are of a ladder-shaped structure, the arrangement form of the angle balance beams 22 is that the front part is wide and the back part is narrow, and 4 second strain gauges 21 are arranged on the angle balance beams 22 to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring the rolling vibration angle of the model. The front wide and rear narrow parts in the ladder-shaped structural form can better meet the requirement of pasting a strain gauge with a proper size, and can realize that the outer diameter of the angle balance is as small as possible, thereby better meeting the requirement of the installation space of the inner cavity of the model. The angle balance 2 can eliminate the influence of aerodynamic load on the balance angle value in the test process by a special structural layout and a mode of sticking the second strain gauge 21 to the position group bridge.
Specifically: the main body of the angle balance 2 has a diameter of 52mm and a length of 74mm, the rolling vibration angle theta=1.5 degrees, and the angle balance 2 is a 'squirrel cage structure' formed by 16 pieces of angle balance beams 22, wherein 2 pieces are arranged in the left-right direction, and 7 pieces are arranged in the up-down direction. The thickness of the angle balance beam 22 is 1mm, the front end width of the angle balance beam 22 is 4.2mm, the rear end width of the angle balance beam 22 is 1mm, and the length of the angle balance beam 22 is 50mm. The front end of the left-right direction angle balance beam 22 is provided with 4 second strain gauges 21 to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring the model rolling vibration angle.
The rear end of the rotating shaft of the integrated force measuring balance 1 is connected with a motion conversion mechanism 5; the rear end of outer branch 4 is connected with motor branch 7, and motion conversion mechanism 5, motor 9 and reduction gear 6 are all arranged in motor branch 7, and the input of reduction gear 6 is connected to the output of motor 9, and motion conversion mechanism 5 is connected to the output of reduction gear 6.
The sliding chute block 52 is provided with a sliding chute 522 and a flat opening groove 523, the sliding chute 522 and the flat opening groove 523 are arranged up and down, the rear end of a rotating shaft of the integrated force measuring balance 1 is provided with a flat opening 13, the flat opening 13 is matched and fixed with the flat opening groove 523, the front end of the eccentric shaft 53 is matched with the sliding chute 522 through a sliding bearing 51, the rear end of the eccentric shaft 53 is connected with the output end of the speed reducer 6, and the speed reducer 6 is supported and fixed in the motor support rod 7 through a speed reducer seat 54. The front end of the chute 522 is provided with a blocking cover 521. Prevent that lubricating oil from splashing in the spout test process. Two screw holes 524 are formed in the flat slot 523, and the flat slot 13 is inserted into the flat slot 523 and is fixed with the screw holes 524 in a matched manner through two set screws. The device has better rigidity, and realizes zero-clearance transmission between the chute block and the tail of the integrated force measuring balance.
The tail end of the outer support rod 4 is provided with a second reference platform 41 for realizing the positioning reference during the ground assembly, calibration and test of the outer support rod 4; the tail of the outer support rod 4 is provided with a plurality of oval holes 42, and the tail of the outer support rod 4 passes through the oval holes 42 through bolts and is connected with the flange end of the motor support rod 7. The oval hole 42 can realize the leveling of the second reference platform 41, when relative machining errors exist between the outer support rod 4 and the motor support rod 7, the bolt can be fixed on the motor support rod 7, so that the adjustment of + -2 degrees of the rolling direction of the outer support rod relative to the motor support rod is realized, and the outer support rod 4 and the motor support rod 7 are ensured to be parallel.
The motor 9 and the speed reducer 6 drive the eccentric shaft 53 to continuously rotate, the continuous rotation of the integrated force measuring balance 1 is realized through the motion conversion function of the chute block 52, the rear end of the integrated force measuring balance 1 is provided with a flat opening 13 which is connected with a flat opening groove 523 on the chute block 52, the functions of transmitting torque and positioning are achieved, the eccentric shaft 53 slides in the chute block 52, the continuous rotation of the eccentric shaft 53 is converted into the rolling vibration of the integrated force measuring balance 1, and the design of the motion conversion mechanism 5 can meet the space requirement of a model, reduce the connection error and meet the rigidity requirement.
When the integrated force measuring balance 1 is calibrated, the calibration support rod 10 is sleeved on the integrated force measuring balance 1, the calibration support rod 10 is connected with the integrated force measuring balance 1 through 2 pins and 2 screws, and 8 set screws are arranged on the calibration support rod 10, so that the integrated force measuring balance 1 can be in clearance-free tight connection with the calibration support rod 10.
The foregoing embodiments have further described the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present application in detail, and it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The device is characterized by comprising an integrated force measuring balance (1), an angle balance (2), an outer support rod (4), a motion conversion mechanism (5), a speed reducer (6), a motor support rod (7) and a motor (9);
the integrated force measuring balance (1) is arranged in the outer support rod (4), the angle balance (2) is sleeved on the integrated force measuring balance (1), and the rear end of a rotating shaft of the integrated force measuring balance (1) is connected with the motion conversion mechanism (5); the rear end of the outer support rod (4) is connected with a motor support rod (7), the motion conversion mechanism (5), the motor (9) and the speed reducer (6) are all arranged in the motor support rod (7), the output end of the motor (9) is connected with the input end of the speed reducer (6), and the output end of the speed reducer (6) is connected with the motion conversion mechanism (5);
The motion conversion mechanism (5) comprises a chute block (52), a sliding bearing (51), an eccentric shaft (53) and a speed reducer seat (54);
Spout (522) and flat mouth groove (523) have been seted up on spout piece (52), spout (522) and flat mouth groove (523) are arranged from top to bottom, the rotation axis rear end of integration dynamometry balance (1) is provided with flat mouth (13), flat mouth (13) are fixed with flat mouth groove (523) cooperation, slide bearing (51) and spout (522) cooperation are passed through to the front end of eccentric shaft (53), and the rear end of eccentric shaft (53) is connected with the output of reduction gear (6), and reduction gear (6) are supported and are fixed in motor branch (7) through reduction gear seat (54).
2. A load cell and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device according to claim 1, wherein: a blocking cover (521) is arranged at the front end of the sliding groove (522).
3. A load cell and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device according to claim 1, wherein: two screw holes (524) are formed in the flat opening groove (523), and the flat opening (13) is inserted into the flat opening groove (523) and is matched and fixed with the screw holes (524) through two set screws.
4.A load cell and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the integrated force measuring balance (1) is supported in the outer support rod (4) through a punching outer ring needle roller bearing (3) and two deep groove ball bearings (8).
5. The force balance and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device of claim 4, wherein: the integrated force measuring balance (1) is an integrated structure of a force measuring balance and a rotating shaft, the front end of the force measuring balance is connected with the model through a conical surface, and a first reference platform (11) is arranged at the front end of the force measuring balance and is used as a positioning reference surface during balance assembly, calibration and test; the force measuring balance element is in the form of a four-column beam element (14), and a first strain gauge (12) is arranged on the four-column beam element (14) to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring normal force, pitching moment, lateral force, yaw moment and rolling moment of the model.
6. The force balance and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device of claim 5, wherein: the angle balance (2) is of a squirrel-cage structure formed by 16 angle balance beams (22), the angle balance beams (22) are of a ladder-shaped structure, the arrangement form of the angle balance beams (22) is wide in front and narrow in back, and 4 second strain gauges (21) are arranged on the angle balance beams (22) to form a Wheatstone bridge for measuring the rolling vibration angle of the model.
7. A load cell and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device according to claim 1, wherein: the front end of the angle balance (2) is connected with the integrated force measuring balance (1) by adopting a screw and a pin, and the rear end of the angle balance (2) is connected with the front circular ring of the outer support rod (4) by adopting a screw and a pin.
8. A load cell and drive shaft integrated roll derivative test device according to claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the outer support rod (4) is provided with a second reference platform (41) for realizing positioning references during ground assembly, calibration and test of the outer support rod (4); the tail part of the outer support rod (4) is provided with a plurality of elliptical holes (42), and the tail part of the outer support rod (4) passes through the elliptical holes (42) through bolts and is connected with the flange end of the motor support rod (7).
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