CN117889077A - Performance test system and test method for closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump - Google Patents
Performance test system and test method for closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN117889077A CN117889077A CN202410041677.3A CN202410041677A CN117889077A CN 117889077 A CN117889077 A CN 117889077A CN 202410041677 A CN202410041677 A CN 202410041677A CN 117889077 A CN117889077 A CN 117889077A
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- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011990 functional testing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001622 bismuth compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/006—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light of metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
A closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system and a test method relate to a closed high-temperature liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system and a test method thereof. Including sled dress formula rack, shielding gas return circuit, plumbous bismuth pump performance test return circuit and control system, simple structure, hardware cost performance is high, and the test section is changed conveniently, and the system has set up the vacuum pump, combines the shielding gas air supply, can effectively guarantee the pressure stability of system, has improved the security of system operation, designs the medium operation pipeline into two, the subsequent cyclic utilization of being convenient for, the effectual utilization ratio that promotes the energy reduces the pollution to the environment. The control system adopts a distributed control system, and additionally, a data acquisition device for measuring temperature, pressure, liquid level and the like is additionally arranged at key points, so that the performance test of high-temperature lead bismuth can be more comprehensively carried out, and the defects of the measurement in the prior art are overcome; the automatic control and the running state real-time monitoring are realized, and the system has the functions of data acquisition, numerical value processing and early warning of each test item.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy utilization disciplines, in particular to a closed high-temperature liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system and a test method thereof.
Background
The nuclear power technology is a main form of utilizing nuclear energy, belongs to low-carbon clean energy, and has the advantages of low pollution, high stability, high utilization time, low requirements on external environment conditions and the like compared with the traditional thermal power generation, wind power generation, solar power generation and the like, so that the nuclear power technology is highly valued in various countries of the world. Although nuclear power generation is one approach to solving energy crisis, it also has many problems such as nuclear safety problems, nuclear fuel supply problems, nuclear waste disposal problems, and the like. As the operating time of the nuclear power unit increases, nuclear waste disposal problems will become a major problem.
Currently, the most promising fourth generation nuclear reactors mainly include sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFR), lead-cooled fast reactors (LFR), molten Salt Reactors (MSR), supercritical water-cooled reactors (SCWR), gas-cooled fast reactors (GFR), and very high temperature gas-cooled reactors (VHTR). The lead-bismuth pile has the remarkable advantages of inherent safety, easy miniaturization, good sustainability and the like, is an important research direction of an advanced nuclear energy system, and accumulates a great deal of research experience and achievements worldwide. However, the complex thermophysical property and corrosiveness of the liquid metal lead bismuth compound can pose a certain threat to the safety of the system, so that the development of a comprehensive test system for researching the multi-scale flow characteristics of the liquid metal lead bismuth compound has important significance. In recent years, some students in China have developed related researches on a lead bismuth loop system, such as the publication number in the prior art: CN108761022a, name: in the patent literature of a liquid lead bismuth alloy thermal hydraulic characteristic and corrosion characteristic experimental system, the liquid lead bismuth alloy thermal hydraulic characteristic and corrosion characteristic experimental system is provided for the purpose of realizing analysis and research on the liquid lead bismuth alloy thermal hydraulic characteristic and corrosion characteristic, but the system is huge in whole and complicated in structure; the whole sealing of the experimental pipeline cannot be realized, the using amount of the lead-bismuth alloy serving as a resource testing carrier is extremely large, and the liquid lead-bismuth alloy cannot be recycled after the experiment due to the fact that the effective sealing measures are not provided. Furthermore, it is the most critical that accurate data is obtained for the corrosion conditions, especially the corrosion rate, of the test specimens; secondly, objective and reliable data are difficult to form for the efficiency of the pump.
Therefore, how to improve the test system, on the basis of further simplifying the overall structure, the test system can obtain the corrosion rate efficiently and with low cost, and obtain the efficiency data of the pump, and the technical problem to be solved in the field is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system and a test method, which have simple structure and can acquire corrosion rate and pump efficiency.
The invention relates to a closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system, which comprises a skid-mounted bench, a protective gas loop, a lead bismuth pump performance test loop and a control system (8),
a melting tank (3), a storage tank (4) and a lead bismuth pump (5) are fixedly arranged on the skid-mounted rack,
the protective gas loop comprises a test gas source (1) and a vacuum pump (2), a first bellows exhaust valve (1-1) is arranged at the outlet of the protective gas loop, the first bellows exhaust valve (1-1) is respectively connected with three gas branches,
a first gas branch: is connected with the vacuum pump (2) through a second bellows exhaust valve (2-1),
a second gas branch: the upper part of the melting tank (3) is communicated with a first corrugated pipe stop valve (1-2) and a first pressure transmitter (1-3) in sequence, a first temperature transmitter (3-1) is arranged on the melting tank (3),
third gas branch: the upper part of the storage tank (4) is communicated with a second pressure transmitter (1-5) through a second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4) in sequence, a second temperature transmitter (4-1) is arranged on the storage tank (4),
the lead bismuth pump performance test loop comprises a supply loop and a circulation test loop,
the supply loop is: the bottom liquid outlet of the melting tank (3) is communicated with the bottom of the storage tank (4) through a first manual regulating valve (3-3) and a first electric regulating valve (3-4) in sequence;
the circulation test loop is as follows: the bottom of the storage tank (4) is connected with a second electric regulating valve (4-3), the second electric regulating valve (4-3) is connected with the lead bismuth pump (5) again, the outlet of the lead bismuth pump (5) is connected with at least two test pipe sections in parallel, and the test pipe sections are communicated with the top of the storage tank (4) again to realize the circulation of the lead bismuth alloy;
a lead bismuth pump inlet pressure sensor (5-1) is arranged at the front end of the lead bismuth pump (5), a third temperature transmitter (5-2) is arranged on the lead bismuth pump (5) body, and a lead bismuth pump outlet pressure sensor (5-4) is arranged at the rear end of the lead bismuth pump (5);
the at least two test tube sections comprise a standardized test tube (L-1) and at least one functional test tube (L-2), the standardized test tube (L-1) comprises a third electric regulating valve (5-5), a standardized test tube (6) and a fourth electric regulating valve (5-6) in sequence,
the at least one functional test tube (L-2) sequentially comprises a fifth electric control valve (5-7), a visual test tube section (7) and a sixth electric control valve (5-8),
a second manual regulating valve (5-9) is arranged between the outlets of the at least two test tube sections and the storage tank (4);
and each sensor, the transmitter, the stop valve and the electric regulating valve are all connected with the control system (8).
Further, heat insulation layers are respectively arranged outside the melting tank (3), the storage tank (4) and the lead bismuth pump (5).
Further, heat insulation layers are respectively arranged outside the pipelines of the supply loop and the circulation test loop.
Further, the standardized test tube (6) comprises a non-contact magnetic flowmeter.
Further, the visual test tube (7) comprises an outer transparent circular tube (71) and an inner transparent square tube (72) which are concentrically arranged, and a connecting flange (70) is arranged at the outer end of the outer transparent circular tube (71).
Further, the at least two test tube sections further comprise straight tube sections, curved tube sections and/or impeller test tube sections for testing the corrosion rate.
The invention relates to a test method of a closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system, which comprises the following steps:
1) Feeding, and replacing all pipelines with protective gas;
putting a solid raw material lead-bismuth alloy into a melting tank (3); before heating, the air in the protective gas loop and the lead bismuth pump performance test loop is pumped out by a vacuum pump (2), and normal pressure protective gas is input by an air source; then, closing all valves; all lead bismuth pump performance test loops are heat-traced;
2) Melting materials and feeding;
when the lead-bismuth alloy in the melting tank (3) reaches the test temperature, a first manual regulating valve (3-3) and a first electric regulating valve (3-4) are opened to allow liquid lead-bismuth to naturally flow out; then, the first corrugated pipe stop valve (1-2) is fully opened, the first corrugated pipe exhaust valve (1-1) is gradually opened, high-pressure protective gas is injected into the lead bismuth melting tank (3), and liquid lead bismuth alloy is pressed into the storage tank (4); when the liquid level is reached, the first manual regulating valve (3-3) and the first electric regulating valve (3-4) are closed, the second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4) is gradually opened, and micro-positive pressure argon is injected into the lead-bismuth storage tank (4) for protection;
3.1 A lead bismuth pump performance test);
a second electric regulating valve (4-3) is fully opened, and a third electric regulating valve and a fourth electric regulating valve (5-5, 5-6) are arranged on the standardized test tube (L-1); increasing the opening of a second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4), increasing the pressure of protective gas, and pressing liquid lead bismuth into an inlet of a lead bismuth pump (5); starting a motor to start a lead-bismuth pump (5) to circulate liquid lead-bismuth alloy, gradually increasing the opening of a second manual regulating valve (5-9) to perform performance tests under different flow working conditions, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the lead-bismuth pump (5) by a third temperature transmitter (5-1) on the lead-bismuth pump (5) and collecting data, closing the third and fourth electric regulating valves (5-5, 5-6) after the performance tests are finished, and closing the second manual regulating valve (5-9) to stop the lead-bismuth pump (5);
and/or
3.2 Performing liquid metal lead bismuth alloy functionalization test;
a fifth electric regulating valve (5-7) and a sixth electric regulating valve (5-8) on a fully-opened functional test pipe section (L-2), starting a lead bismuth pump (5) by opening a motor to circulate liquid lead bismuth alloy, gradually increasing the opening of the second manual regulating valve (5-9) to test standardized test pipe sections under different flow working conditions, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the lead bismuth pump by a third temperature transmitter (5-1) on the lead bismuth pump (5) and collecting data, closing the fifth electric regulating valve (5-7 and 5-8) after the test is finished, closing the second manual regulating valve (5-9), and stopping the lead bismuth pump;
4) Collecting lead-bismuth alloy;
after all tests are finished, purging liquid lead-bismuth in a pipeline to a storage tank (4), closing all valves on the pipeline, fully opening a first electric control valve (3-4) and a first manual control valve (3-3) between the storage tank (4) and a pipeline of a melting tank (3), increasing the opening of a second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4) between the lead-bismuth storage tank and a test air source (1), gradually increasing the pressure of injected argon, pressing the liquid lead-bismuth into the lead-bismuth melting tank (3), closing a first corrugated pipe exhaust valve (1-1) after pressing all the liquid lead-bismuth into the melting tank (3), opening a second corrugated pipe exhaust valve (2-1) connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the lead-bismuth storage tank, monitoring the pressure change in the tank through a third pressure sensor arranged at an air inlet of the lead-bismuth storage tank, and closing all the corrugated pipe exhaust valves after vacuuming the protective gas in the tank;
and after all the tests are finished, the liquid lead bismuth is returned to the lead bismuth melting tank (3), all the valves are closed, and the pipeline heat tracing is stopped.
Further, in the step 3.1), data of inlet and outlet pressure sensors (5-1 and 5-4) of the lead bismuth pump (5) under different flow working conditions are recorded in the test process, the pump lift is calculated, the shaft power under different working conditions is calculated through data on a rotating speed torque meter, therefore, the pump efficiency can be calculated, and a performance curve is drawn.
And further, after the test in the step 3.2), taking out the functional test tube section for bearing, and quantitatively analyzing the abrasion loss.
Further, when the functional test tube section (L-2) in the step 3.2) is a visual test tube section (7), the frequency conversion state flow state of the liquid metal lead bismuth can be observed by using a Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV).
The system of the invention has simple structure and high cost performance of hardware, the whole machine adopts a skid-mounted structure, the expansibility and the functionality of the invention are enhanced, a plurality of experimental loops can be added when a plurality of test data are needed, and the test section is convenient to replace.
Secondly, the system is additionally provided with a vacuum pump, and the oxygen control problem in a system pipeline can be effectively solved by combining a protective gas source, meanwhile, the pressure stability of the system can be effectively ensured under the control of a test bed control system (DCS), and the operation safety of the system is improved.
The invention designs two running pipelines of the medium (liquid lead bismuth alloy), namely a supply loop and a circulation test loop, and in the actual test process, the medium flow path is reasonable, and the lead bismuth alloy can be effectively ensured to be always in a protection state in the test process by combining oxygen control measures, thereby being convenient for subsequent cyclic utilization and saving resources. Finally, the lead-bismuth alloy is recycled to the melting tank and can be reused, so that the utilization rate of energy sources is effectively improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
The control system adopts a Distributed Control System (DCS), and additionally, the data acquisition devices such as temperature, pressure and liquid level measurement are additionally arranged at key points, so that the performance test of the high-temperature lead bismuth can be more comprehensively carried out, and the defects of measurement in the prior art are overcome; the automatic control and the real-time monitoring of the running state of the lead bismuth pump, the heating system, the vacuum pump, the valve and the like can be realized, and the automatic control and the real-time monitoring of the running state of the lead bismuth pump, the heating system, the vacuum pump, the valve and the like have the functions of data acquisition, numerical processing and early warning of each test item.
The standardized sample section, the non-contact magnetic flowmeter and the visualized tube section can realize performance test of the lead-bismuth pump, visualized observation of lead-bismuth medium flow and static corrosion and abrasion test of standard material samples, and the test section has the function of convenient sample replacement and ensures safe and reliable operation of the two test sections under the condition of high-temperature lead-bismuth medium.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a test system of the present invention,
figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the test system of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a test system according to the present invention;
figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the visualized pipe section of the invention,
figure 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of figure 4,
FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 4;
figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the test method of the present invention,
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram II of the test method of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a test air source, 1-1 is a first corrugated pipe exhaust valve, 1-2 is a first corrugated pipe stop valve, 1-3 is a first pressure transmitter, 1-4 is a second corrugated pipe stop valve, and 1-5 is a second pressure transmitter;
2 is a vacuum pump, 2-1 is a second bellows exhaust valve;
3 is a melting tank, 3-1 is a first temperature transmitter, 3-2 is a lead bismuth melting tank heat insulation layer, 3-3 is a first manual regulating valve, and 3-4 is a first electric regulating valve;
4 is a storage tank, 4-1 is a second temperature transmitter, 4-2 is a lead bismuth circulating storage tank heat insulation layer, and 4-3 is a second electric regulating valve; the lead bismuth pump is characterized in that the lead bismuth pump is 5-1, the lead bismuth pump inlet pressure sensor is 5-2, the third temperature transmitter is 5-3, the lead bismuth pump heat insulation layer is 5-4, the lead bismuth pump outlet pressure sensor is 5-5, the third electric regulating valve is 5-6, the fourth electric regulating valve is 5-7, the fifth electric regulating valve is 5-8, the sixth electric regulating valve is 5-9, and the second manual regulating valve is 5-9;
6 is a standardized test tube;
7 is a visual test tube segment; 70 is a connecting flange, 71 is an outer transparent circular tube, 72 is an inner transparent square tube, 7-1 is a test tube section I, and 7-N is a test tube section N;
8 is a control system;
l-1 is a standardized test tube section, L-2 is a functional test tube section, a one-dot chain line in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicates a supply circuit, a two-dot chain line indicates a gas circuit line, and a solid line indicates a circulation test circuit; the open arrows in fig. 7 and 8 indicate the flow direction of the shielding gas, and the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the lead-bismuth alloy;
in fig. 7 and 8, the solid line indicates an active circuit, and the dotted line indicates a non-active circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to be limiting of the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so that the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present patent, and that the specific meaning of the terms described above may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the term "coupled" or the like should be interpreted broadly, as it may be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally formed, as indicating the relationship of components; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between the two parts or interaction relationship between the two parts. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system comprises a skid-mounted bench, a protective gas loop, a lead bismuth pump performance test loop and a control system 8,
the skid-mounted bench is fixedly provided with the melting tank 3, the storage tank 4 and the lead bismuth pump 5, and it is to be noted that the invention separates two procedures of heating and storing for more accurate test data, and is respectively completed in the melting tank 3 and the storage tank 4, thereby ensuring more accurate control of the temperature of the liquid lead bismuth alloy and more convenient recovery and reuse of the lead bismuth alloy.
The protective gas loop comprises a test gas source 1 and a vacuum pump 2, the outlet of the protective gas loop is provided with a first bellows exhaust valve 1-1, the first bellows exhaust valve 1-1 is respectively connected with three gas branches,
a first gas branch: the vacuum pump 2 is connected through the second bellows exhaust valve 2-1 and is used for pumping air in the protective gas loop, the lead bismuth pump performance test loop, the melting tank 3, the storage tank 4 and the lead bismuth pump 5;
a second gas branch: the upper part of the melting tank 3 is communicated with the first corrugated pipe stop valve 1-2 and the first pressure transmitter 1-3 in sequence, and is used for injecting protective gas into the part above the liquid level/surface of the lead-bismuth alloy in the melting tank and driving the lead-bismuth alloy in the melting tank to be discharged outwards by utilizing air pressure; a first temperature transmitter 3-1 is provided on the melting tank 3,
third gas branch: the upper part of the storage tank 4 is communicated with the second corrugated pipe stop valve 1-4 and the second pressure transmitter 1-5 in sequence, and is used for injecting protective gas into a part above the liquid level of the lead-bismuth alloy in the storage tank 4, the storage tank 4 is provided with the second temperature transmitter 4-1, and a pump is combined to drive a medium to circulate when a test is performed;
the lead bismuth pump performance test loop includes a supply loop and a circulation test loop,
the supply loop is as follows: the bottom liquid outlet of the melting tank 3 is communicated with the bottom of the storage tank 4 through a first manual regulating valve 3-3 and a first electric regulating valve 3-4 in sequence; the technical task of the loop is to feed the storage tank 4, and after the test is finished, the storage tank 4 returns the material to the melting tank 3;
the circulation test loop is as follows: the bottom of the storage tank 4 is connected with a second electric regulating valve 4-3, the second electric regulating valve 4-3 is connected with a lead bismuth pump 5 again, the outlet of the lead bismuth pump 5 is connected with at least two test pipe sections in parallel, and the test pipe sections are communicated with the top of the storage tank 4 again to realize the circulation of lead bismuth alloy;
the front end of the lead bismuth pump 5 is provided with a lead bismuth pump inlet pressure sensor 5-1, the lead bismuth pump 5 body is provided with a third temperature transmitter 5-2, and the rear end of the lead bismuth pump 5 is provided with a lead bismuth pump outlet pressure sensor 5-4;
the at least two test tube sections comprise a standardized test tube L-1 and at least one functional test tube L-2, the standardized test tube L-1 comprises a third electric regulating valve 5-5, a standardized test tube 6 and a fourth electric regulating valve 5-6 in sequence,
the at least one functional test tube L-2 sequentially comprises a fifth electric control valve 5-7, a visual test tube section 7 and a sixth electric control valve 5-8, and when a plurality of functional test tubes L-2 are arranged, the visual test tube 7 can be replaced by test tubes with different forms (such as arc-shaped, blade-shaped and the like), so that a plurality of test data can be obtained;
a second manual regulating valve 5-9 is arranged between the outlets of the at least two test tube sections and the storage tank 4;
all sensors, transmitters, stop valves and electric regulating valves are connected with the control system 8, and the real-time states of the stop valves and the electric regulating valves can be controlled through the control system 8 to collect data of all the sensors and the temperature transmitters.
In view of the fact that the melting point of the lead-bismuth alloy is low, the lead-bismuth alloy is required to be ensured to be always in a liquid state in the testing process, and therefore, the heat-insulating and heat-preserving layers 3-2 of the lead-bismuth melting tank, the heat-insulating and heat-preserving layers 4-2 of the lead-bismuth circulating storage tank and the heat-insulating and heat-preserving layers 5-3 of the lead-bismuth pump are respectively arranged outside the melting tank 3, the storage tank 4 and the lead-bismuth pump 5, and the temperature of the liquid lead-bismuth alloy in the testing process can be effectively ensured.
Naturally, heat insulation layers are respectively arranged outside the pipelines of the supply loop and the circulation test loop.
The standardized test tube 6 comprises a non-contact magnetic flowmeter. The flow data of which is also transmitted to the control system 8.
In the invention, an observable technical measure for the flowing state of the lead-bismuth alloy is innovatively provided, as shown in fig. 4-6, the visual test tube 7 comprises an outer transparent circular tube 71 and an inner transparent square tube 72 which are concentrically arranged, and a connecting flange 70 is further arranged at the outer end of the outer transparent circular tube 71, so that the visual test tube 7 is more convenient for visual observation of the flowing of the lead-bismuth medium.
The at least two test tube sections further comprise straight tube sections, curved tube sections and/or impeller test tube sections for testing the corrosion rate. Namely, as shown in a plurality of test tube sections I7-1, a test tube section II and a test tube section N7-N of … … with parallelism in the figure 3, the effect is mainly that the erosion and abrasion data after the test are directly collected, and basic theoretical data can be provided for the material research of vulnerable parts such as 'bearing' pipelines, elbows, tees, pump blades and the like of the lead-bismuth alloy when data such as flow, time and lead-bismuth alloy proportion are obtained.
The invention relates to a test method of a closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system, which comprises the following steps:
1. feeding, and replacing all pipelines with protective gas;
putting a solid raw material lead-bismuth alloy into a melting tank 3; before heating, the vacuum pump 2 is used for pumping out air in the protective gas loop and the lead bismuth pump performance test loop, and an air source is used for inputting normal pressure protective gas; then, closing all valves; all lead bismuth pump performance test loops are heat-traced;
2. melting and feeding;
when the lead bismuth alloy in the melting tank 3 reaches the test temperature, the first manual regulating valve 3-3 and the first electric regulating valve 3-4 are opened to allow the liquid lead bismuth to naturally flow out; then the first corrugated pipe stop valve 1-2 is fully opened, the first corrugated pipe exhaust valve 1-1 is gradually opened, high-pressure protective gas is injected into the lead bismuth melting tank 3, and liquid lead bismuth alloy is pressed into the storage tank 4; when the liquid level is reached, the first manual regulating valve 3-3 and the first electric regulating valve 3-4 are closed, the second corrugated pipe stop valve 1-4 is gradually opened, and micro-positive pressure argon is injected into the lead-bismuth storage tank 4 for protection; as shown in fig. 7, the dotted line in fig. 7 is an inactive loop, and is implemented as an active loop. Open arrows indicate the direction of the shielding gas, and solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the lead-bismuth alloy
3.1, lead bismuth pump performance test;
the second electric regulating valve 4-3 is fully opened, and the third electric regulating valve 5-5 and the fourth electric regulating valve 5-6 are arranged on the standardized test tube L-1; increasing the opening of a second corrugated pipe stop valve 1-4, increasing the pressure of protective gas, and pressing liquid lead bismuth into an inlet of a lead bismuth pump 5; starting a motor to start the lead-bismuth pump 5 to circulate liquid lead-bismuth alloy, gradually increasing the opening of the second manual regulating valve 5-9 to perform performance tests under different flow working conditions, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the lead-bismuth pump 5 by using a third temperature transmitter 5-1 on the lead-bismuth pump 5 and collecting data, closing the third and fourth electric regulating valves 5-5 and 5-6 after the performance tests are finished, closing the second manual regulating valve 5-9, and stopping the lead-bismuth pump 5;
and/or
3.2, performing a liquid metal lead bismuth alloy functionalization test;
a fifth electric regulating valve 5-7 and a sixth electric regulating valve 5-8 on the fully-opened functional test pipe section L-2 are opened, a motor is started to start the lead bismuth pump 5 to circulate liquid lead bismuth alloy, the opening of the second manual regulating valve 5-9 is gradually increased to perform standardized test pipe section tests under different flow working conditions, meanwhile, a third temperature transmitter 5-1 on the lead bismuth pump 5 is used for monitoring the temperature of the lead bismuth pump and collecting data, after the tests are finished, the fifth electric regulating valve 5-7 and the fifth electric regulating valve 5-8 are closed, the second manual regulating valve 5-9 is closed, and the lead bismuth pump is stopped;
4. collecting lead bismuth alloy;
after all tests are finished, purging liquid lead bismuth in a pipeline to a storage tank 4, closing all valves on the pipeline, fully opening a first electric regulating valve 3-4 and a first manual regulating valve 3-3 between the storage tank 4 and a pipeline of a melting tank 3, increasing the opening of a second corrugated pipe stop valve 1-4 between the lead bismuth storage tank and a test air source 1, gradually increasing the pressure of injected argon, pressing the liquid lead bismuth into the lead bismuth melting tank 3, pressing all liquid lead bismuth into the melting tank 3, closing a first corrugated pipe exhaust valve 1-1, opening a second corrugated pipe exhaust valve 2-1 connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the lead bismuth storage tank, monitoring the pressure change in the tank through a third pressure sensor arranged at an air inlet of the lead bismuth storage tank, evacuating protective gas in the tank, and closing all corrugated pipe exhaust valves;
after all tests are finished, liquid lead bismuth is returned to the lead bismuth melting tank 3, all valves are closed, and pipeline heat tracing is stopped.
And 3.1, recording data of inlet and outlet pressure sensors 5-1 and 5-4 of the lead bismuth pump 5 under different flow working conditions in the test process, calculating the pump lift, calculating the shaft power under different working conditions through data on a rotating speed torque meter, calculating the pump efficiency, and drawing a performance curve.
Through the electric regulating valve on the bottom pipeline of the fully-opened lead bismuth circulation test storage tank, the opening of the bellows stop valve on the air inlet pipeline of the test storage tank is increased, argon pressure injected into the test storage tank is gradually increased, liquid lead bismuth is pressed into the inlet of the lead bismuth centrifugal pump, the electric regulating valve with a flowmeter pipe section between the outlet of the lead bismuth centrifugal pump and the lead bismuth circulation test storage tank is regulated, a motor of the lead bismuth centrifugal pump is opened to start the lead bismuth centrifugal pump for liquid lead bismuth circulation, the opening of the manual regulating valve is gradually increased for performance tests under different flow conditions, flow is obtained through reading on a flowmeter, inlet and outlet pressures are obtained through reading on a pressure transmitter at the inlet and outlet of the lead bismuth pump, torque and rotating speed can be read through a control cabinet, lead bismuth pump lift can be obtained according to formula (1), and pump efficiency can be obtained according to formula (2).
Wherein H is pump lift, P out To pump out pressure, P in For the inlet pressure of the pump, ρ is the medium density, g is the gravitational acceleration
Where η is pump efficiency, Q is flow, M is pump impeller torque, ω is pump impeller angular velocity
The obtained flow, lift and efficiency test data are compared with design parameters of the lead bismuth pump, so that whether the lead bismuth pump meets the design requirements can be verified, and whether a design method of the lead bismuth pump is scientific and reasonable can be verified.
And 3.2, after the test, taking out the functional test tube section for bearing, and quantitatively analyzing the abrasion loss.
Through the electric control valve on the bottom pipeline of the fully-opened lead bismuth circulation test storage tank, the opening of the bellows stop valve on the air inlet pipeline of the test storage tank is increased, the argon pressure injected into the test storage tank is gradually increased, liquid lead bismuth is pressed into the inlet of the lead bismuth centrifugal pump, the electric control valve with a standard sample pipe section and a flowmeter pipe section between the outlet of the lead bismuth centrifugal pump and the lead bismuth circulation test storage tank is regulated, a motor of the lead bismuth centrifugal pump is opened to start the lead bismuth centrifugal pump for liquid lead bismuth circulation, the opening of the manual control valve is gradually increased for abrasion tests under different flow conditions, the flow is obtained through the readings on the flowmeter, and the flow velocity in the standard sample pipe section can be obtained according to the formula (3).
Wherein v is the flow velocity in the standard sample tube section, A is the cross-sectional area of the pipeline
After the test loop works for a certain time at different flow rates, the machine is stopped to detach and take out the standard sample, the internal abrasion condition of the test loop is observed, the abrasion depth and the abrasion position of the inner surface of the standard sample are obtained by scanning or laser irradiation by a scanner, and a relation diagram of the abrasion depth and the liquid lead bismuth flow rate and the working time is made by combining the measured flow rates and the measured running time so as to judge the liquid lead bismuth abrasion rate; meanwhile, standard samples of different materials can be replaced for testing, so that a novel material which can be well suitable for the flowing of liquid lead bismuth can be obtained, and the safety and reliability of a circulating liquid lead bismuth system are improved.
And 3.2, when the functional test tube section L-2 is the visual test tube section 7, observing the frequency conversion state flow state of the liquid metal lead bismuth by using a particle image velocimeter PIV. The flowing liquid lead bismuth is converted into a visible image or animation by means of drawing particle traces, adding smoke to carry out flow image shooting, applying electromagnetic fields or lasers and the like, and the flow field condition of the liquid lead bismuth is intuitively displayed. Through the flow field visualization technology, microscopic dynamic change processes such as the movement direction, boundary morphology, vortex formation and the like of each block of liquid lead bismuth during movement can be seen in a short distance, and the flow field visualization technology has important help for conveniently understanding and analyzing the overall rule of a complex flow field. Meanwhile, the visualized result can be compared with numerical simulation, and the accuracy of the turbulence model in calculation is verified.
It should be understood that the above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, variations, etc. can be made to the present invention based on the teachings disclosed herein. However, such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, some terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are merely for convenience of description.
Claims (10)
1. The closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system comprises a skid-mounted bench, a protective gas loop, a lead bismuth pump performance test loop and a control system (8), and is characterized in that,
a melting tank (3), a storage tank (4) and a lead bismuth pump (5) are fixedly arranged on the skid-mounted rack,
the protective gas loop comprises a test gas source (1) and a vacuum pump (2), a first bellows exhaust valve (1-1) is arranged at the outlet of the protective gas loop, the first bellows exhaust valve (1-1) is respectively connected with three gas branches,
a first gas branch: is connected with the vacuum pump (2) through a second bellows exhaust valve (2-1),
a second gas branch: the upper part of the melting tank (3) is communicated with a first corrugated pipe stop valve (1-2) and a first pressure transmitter (1-3) in sequence, a first temperature transmitter (3-1) is arranged on the melting tank (3),
third gas branch: the upper part of the storage tank (4) is communicated with a second pressure transmitter (1-5) through a second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4) in sequence, a second temperature transmitter (4-1) is arranged on the storage tank (4),
the lead bismuth pump performance test loop comprises a supply loop and a circulation test loop,
the supply loop is: the bottom liquid outlet of the melting tank (3) is communicated with the bottom of the storage tank (4) through a first manual regulating valve (3-3) and a first electric regulating valve (3-4) in sequence;
the circulation test loop is as follows: the bottom of the storage tank (4) is connected with a second electric regulating valve (4-3), the second electric regulating valve (4-3) is connected with the lead bismuth pump (5) again, the outlet of the lead bismuth pump (5) is connected with at least two test pipe sections in parallel, and the test pipe sections are communicated with the top of the storage tank (4) again to realize the circulation of the lead bismuth alloy;
a lead bismuth pump inlet pressure sensor (5-1) is arranged at the front end of the lead bismuth pump (5), a third temperature transmitter (5-2) is arranged on the lead bismuth pump (5) body, and a lead bismuth pump outlet pressure sensor (5-4) is arranged at the rear end of the lead bismuth pump (5);
the at least two test tube sections comprise a standardized test tube (L-1) and at least one functional test tube (L-2), the standardized test tube (L-1) comprises a third electric regulating valve (5-5), a standardized test tube (6) and a fourth electric regulating valve (5-6) in sequence,
the at least one functional test tube (L-2) sequentially comprises a fifth electric control valve (5-7), a visual test tube section (7) and a sixth electric control valve (5-8),
a second manual regulating valve (5-9) is arranged between the outlets of the at least two test tube sections and the storage tank (4);
and each sensor, the transmitter, the stop valve and the electric regulating valve are all connected with the control system (8).
2. The closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system according to claim 1, wherein heat insulation layers are respectively arranged outside the melting tank (3), the storage tank (4) and the lead bismuth pump (5).
3. The closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system according to claim 1, wherein heat insulation layers are respectively arranged outside the pipelines of the supply loop and the circulation test loop.
4. The closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system according to claim 1, wherein the standardized test tube (6) comprises a non-contact magnetic flowmeter.
5. The system for testing the performance of the closed liquid metal lead-bismuth pump according to claim 1, wherein the visual test tube (7) comprises an outer transparent circular tube (71) and an inner transparent square tube (72) which are concentrically arranged, and a connecting flange (70) is arranged at the outer end of the outer transparent circular tube (71).
6. The closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system according to claim 1, wherein the at least two test tube sections further comprise straight tube sections, arcuate tube sections and/or impeller test tube sections for testing corrosion rates.
7. A method for testing a closed liquid metal lead bismuth pump performance test system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the test is carried out according to the following method:
1) Feeding, and replacing all pipelines with protective gas;
putting a solid raw material lead-bismuth alloy into a melting tank (3); before heating, the air in the protective gas loop and the lead bismuth pump performance test loop is pumped out by a vacuum pump (2), and normal pressure protective gas is input by an air source; then, closing all valves; all lead bismuth pump performance test loops are heat-traced;
2) Melting materials and feeding;
when the lead-bismuth alloy in the melting tank (3) reaches the test temperature, a first manual regulating valve (3-3) and a first electric regulating valve (3-4) are opened to allow liquid lead-bismuth to naturally flow out; then, the first corrugated pipe stop valve (1-2) is fully opened, the first corrugated pipe exhaust valve (1-1) is gradually opened, high-pressure protective gas is injected into the lead bismuth melting tank (3), and liquid lead bismuth alloy is pressed into the storage tank (4); when the liquid level is reached, the first manual regulating valve (3-3) and the first electric regulating valve (3-4) are closed, the second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4) is gradually opened, and micro-positive pressure argon is injected into the lead-bismuth storage tank (4) for protection;
3.1 A lead bismuth pump performance test);
a second electric regulating valve (4-3) is fully opened, and a third electric regulating valve and a fourth electric regulating valve (5-5, 5-6) are arranged on the standardized test tube (L-1); increasing the opening of a second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4), increasing the pressure of protective gas, and pressing liquid lead bismuth into an inlet of a lead bismuth pump (5); starting a motor to start a lead-bismuth pump (5) to circulate liquid lead-bismuth alloy, gradually increasing the opening of a second manual regulating valve (5-9) to perform performance tests under different flow working conditions, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the lead-bismuth pump (5) by a third temperature transmitter (5-1) on the lead-bismuth pump (5) and collecting data, closing the third and fourth electric regulating valves (5-5, 5-6) after the performance tests are finished, and closing the second manual regulating valve (5-9) to stop the lead-bismuth pump (5);
and/or
3.2 Performing liquid metal lead bismuth alloy functionalization test;
a fifth electric regulating valve (5-7) and a sixth electric regulating valve (5-8) on a fully-opened functional test pipe section (L-2), starting a lead bismuth pump (5) by opening a motor to circulate liquid lead bismuth alloy, gradually increasing the opening of the second manual regulating valve (5-9) to test standardized test pipe sections under different flow working conditions, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the lead bismuth pump by a third temperature transmitter (5-1) on the lead bismuth pump (5) and collecting data, closing the fifth electric regulating valve (5-7 and 5-8) after the test is finished, closing the second manual regulating valve (5-9), and stopping the lead bismuth pump;
4) Collecting lead-bismuth alloy;
after all tests are finished, purging liquid lead-bismuth in a pipeline to a storage tank (4), closing all valves on the pipeline, fully opening a first electric control valve (3-4) and a first manual control valve (3-3) between the storage tank (4) and a pipeline of a melting tank (3), increasing the opening of a second corrugated pipe stop valve (1-4) between the lead-bismuth storage tank and a test air source (1), gradually increasing the pressure of injected argon, pressing the liquid lead-bismuth into the lead-bismuth melting tank (3), closing a first corrugated pipe exhaust valve (1-1) after pressing all the liquid lead-bismuth into the melting tank (3), opening a second corrugated pipe exhaust valve (2-1) connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the lead-bismuth storage tank, monitoring the pressure change in the tank through a third pressure sensor arranged at an air inlet of the lead-bismuth storage tank, and closing all the corrugated pipe exhaust valves after vacuuming the protective gas in the tank;
and after all the tests are finished, the liquid lead bismuth is returned to the lead bismuth melting tank (3), all the valves are closed, and the pipeline heat tracing is stopped.
8. The method for testing the performance test system of the closed liquid metal lead-bismuth pump according to claim 7, wherein in the step 3.1), data of inlet and outlet pressure sensors (5-1 and 5-4) of the lead-bismuth pump (5) under different flow working conditions are recorded in the test process, the pump lift is calculated, the shaft power under different working conditions is calculated through data on a rotational speed torque meter, and therefore the pump efficiency can be calculated, and a performance curve is drawn.
9. The method for testing the performance test system of the closed liquid metal lead-bismuth pump according to claim 7, wherein after the test in the step 3.2), the functional test tube section is taken out for bearing, and the abrasion loss is quantitatively analyzed.
10. The method for testing the performance test system of the closed liquid metal lead-bismuth pump according to claim 7, wherein when the functional test tube section (L-2) in the step 3.2) is the visual test tube section (7), the frequency conversion state flow state of the liquid metal lead-bismuth can be observed by using a Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV).
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