CN117886507A - Preparation method of integrated special optical fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of integrated special optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN117886507A CN117886507A CN202410073005.0A CN202410073005A CN117886507A CN 117886507 A CN117886507 A CN 117886507A CN 202410073005 A CN202410073005 A CN 202410073005A CN 117886507 A CN117886507 A CN 117886507A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910015844 BCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an integrated special optical fiber, which comprises the following steps: step one, preprocessing a base pipe; sequentially and alternately depositing a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe along the axial direction of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method so as to form a first prefabricated fiber core; repeating the second step to form a second prefabricated fiber core; fourthly, forming an optical fiber preform core rod by a second preform core with the height Wen Rongsu; step five, sleeving the optical fiber preform core rod, and processing to form an optical fiber preform with a certain core-to-cladding ratio; and step six, drawing the optical fiber preform to form an integrated special optical fiber. The preparation method provided by the invention aims to solve the problems that interface defects are easy to form or impurities are introduced in the manufacturing process of the integrated optical fiber in the traditional technology so as to influence the performance of the optical fiber and the process is complex, and meanwhile, the fusion joint between the passive optical fiber and the active optical fiber at the application end can be reduced, and the fusion loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber preparation, in particular to a preparation method of an integrated special optical fiber.
Background
The fiber laser has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, good beam quality, convenient thermal management, compact structure, flexible operation, simple maintenance and the like, so that the fiber laser has wide application prospect in various application fields such as laser processing, material forming, laser welding, laser cleaning and the like. In a fiber laser oscillator, a fiber bragg grating is a critical fiber optic device as a cavity mirror of an oscillation cavity. Because the traditional ultraviolet exposure method is used for writing the fiber bragg grating and has requirements on the photosensitivity of the optical fiber, the fiber bragg grating used as a cavity mirror is generally directly written on the passive optical fiber, and then the fiber bragg grating written on the passive optical fiber and the active optical fiber are welded to form an oscillation cavity, so that the fiber laser oscillator is built. The method has the advantages that the procedures from the writing of the fiber grating to the construction of the fiber laser oscillator are more, and the welding points among different fiber devices are also more, so that the welding loss of the all-fiber laser oscillator system is increased, and the production complexity is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of an integrated special optical fiber, which aims to solve the problems that interface defects are easy to form or impurities are introduced in the manufacturing process of the integrated optical fiber in the prior art so as to influence the performance of the optical fiber and the process is complex.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing an integrated special optical fiber, comprising:
Step one, preprocessing a base pipe;
Sequentially and alternately depositing a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method along the axial direction of the base pipe so as to form a first prefabricated fiber core;
Repeating the second step, and forming the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer with preset layers on the inner wall of the base pipe to form a second prefabricated fiber core;
Step four, fusing and shrinking the second prefabricated fiber core at high temperature to form an optical fiber preform core rod;
Step five, sleeving the optical fiber preform core rod, and processing according to a preset core-to-cladding ratio to form an optical fiber preform with a certain core-to-cladding ratio;
and step six, drawing the optical fiber preform rod to form an integrated special optical fiber.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber, the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer are sequentially and alternately deposited on the inner wall of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
According to the preset passive optical fiber length and the active optical fiber length in the integrated special optical fiber, confirming the first length of the passive optical fiber core layer and the second length of the active optical fiber core layer;
And according to the first length and the second length, adopting a modified chemical vapor deposition method to sequentially and alternately deposit a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber provided by the invention, the confirmation of the first length of the passive fiber core layer and the second length of the active fiber core layer comprises the following steps: according to the preset passive optical fiber length and the preset active optical fiber length, respectively confirming the first length and the second length according to the following formulas:
l a(mm)≥2*L1 (m) diameter of fiber core (um) 2/1000/diameter of fiber preform core (mm) 2
L b(mm)＝L2 (m) diameter of fiber core (um) 2/1000/diameter of fiber preform core (mm) 2
Wherein, L 1 is the passive fiber length, L 2 is the active fiber length, L a is the first length, and L b is the second length.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber provided by the invention, the passive fiber core layers are respectively deposited at the two ends of the first prefabricated fiber core, and the lengths of the passive fiber core layers at the two ends are larger than L a.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber, the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer are sequentially and alternately deposited on the inner wall of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step one, depositing a passive fiber core layer with the first length on the inner wall of the base pipe by using a deposition raw material and a photosensitive component raw material;
Depositing an active fiber core layer with the second length on the inner wall of the base pipe by using the deposition raw materials and the rare earth dopant raw materials;
repeating the first step and the second step until the passive fiber core layer is deposited at both ends of the base pipe;
Wherein the deposition feedstock comprises SiCl 4, the photosensitive component feedstock comprises one or more of GeCl 4、BCl3、C2F6, and the rare earth dopant feedstock comprises one or more of Yb (thd) 3、Er(thd)3、Tm(thd)3、Ho(thd)3.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber, in the deposition process of the passive fiber core layer, the flow of SiCl 4 is 100-1000sccm, the flow of the photosensitive component raw material is 10-1000sccm, and the deposition temperature is 1600-2100 ℃; in the deposition process of the active fiber core layer, the flow rate of SiCl 4 is 100-1000sccm, the flow rate of the rare earth dopant raw material is 10-1000sccm, and the deposition temperature is 1600-2100 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber provided by the invention, the pretreatment of the base pipe comprises the following steps:
cleaning the base pipe by using hydrofluoric acid and pure water in sequence;
Etching the inner wall of the base pipe by using etching gas;
wherein the etchant gas comprises one or more of SF 6 and C 2F6.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber provided by the invention, the integrated special optical fiber is provided with a fiber core layer, a cladding layer, a first coating layer and a second coating layer, wherein the refractive index of the fiber core layer is n 1, the refractive index of the cladding layer is n 2, the refractive index of the first coating layer is n 3, and the refractive index of the second coating layer is n 4,n4＞n1＞n2＞n3.
According to the preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber, the preset layer number is 2-10.
The preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber provided by the invention adopts an improved chemical vapor deposition method to prepare, passive fiber core layers and active fiber core layers are alternately deposited on the inner wall of a base pipe, active passive axial integrated core rods are formed in the core rod preparation stage, and then the integrated special optical fiber with the active optical fiber and the passive optical fiber which are alternately integrated is prepared, so that the preparation process can be simplified, interface defects which are easy to form in the traditional preparation technology or impurities are introduced to influence the optical fiber performance can be reduced, and meanwhile, the fusion point between the passive optical fiber and the active optical fiber at the application end can be reduced, and the fusion loss can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an integrated special optical fiber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a radial cross-sectional structure of an integrated specialty fiber made using the method of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic axial view of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of temperature and feed control during the modified chemical vapor deposition process of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present invention will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
The method of preparing the integrated optical fiber of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for preparing an integrated special optical fiber, comprising:
Step one, preprocessing a base pipe;
Sequentially and alternately depositing a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method along the axial direction of the base pipe so as to form a first prefabricated fiber core;
Repeating the second step, and forming the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer with preset layers on the inner wall of the base pipe to form a second prefabricated fiber core;
Step four, fusing and shrinking the second prefabricated fiber core at high temperature to form an optical fiber preform core rod;
Step five, sleeving the optical fiber preform core rod, and processing according to a preset core-to-cladding ratio to form an optical fiber preform with a certain core-to-cladding ratio;
and step six, drawing the optical fiber preform rod to form an integrated special optical fiber.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, a base pipe is firstly selected and is preprocessed, and after preprocessing, a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer are alternately deposited along the axial direction of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method, namely the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer are alternately distributed in turn along the axial direction of the base pipe after the deposition is finished. After the primary deposition of the base tube is completed, a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer with preset layers can be formed on the inner wall of the base tube by repeating the second step, and a second prefabricated fiber core is formed. In order to ensure the quality of the fiber core, the number of layers is generally set to 2-10. And after the deposition is finished, carrying out high-temperature fusion shrinkage and processing on the second prefabricated fiber core, thus obtaining the integrated special fiber.
The preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber provided by the invention adopts an improved chemical vapor deposition method to prepare, passive fiber core layers and active fiber core layers are alternately deposited on the inner wall of a base pipe, active passive axial integrated core rods are formed in the core rod preparation stage, and then the integrated special optical fiber with the active optical fiber and the passive optical fiber which are alternately integrated is prepared, so that the preparation process can be simplified, interface defects which are easy to form in the traditional preparation technology or impurities are introduced to influence the optical fiber performance can be reduced, and meanwhile, the fusion point between the passive optical fiber and the active optical fiber at the application end can be reduced, and the fusion loss can be reduced.
Specifically, the method for alternately depositing the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe sequentially by adopting the improved chemical vapor deposition method comprises the following steps:
According to the preset passive optical fiber length and the active optical fiber length in the integrated special optical fiber, confirming the first length of the passive optical fiber core layer and the second length of the active optical fiber core layer;
And according to the first length and the second length, adopting a modified chemical vapor deposition method to sequentially and alternately deposit a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe.
Wherein identifying the first length of the passive core layer and the second length of the active core layer comprises: according to the preset passive optical fiber length and the preset active optical fiber length, respectively confirming the first length and the second length according to the following formulas:
l a(mm)≥2*L1 (m) diameter of fiber core (um) 2/1000/diameter of fiber preform core (mm) 2
L b(mm)＝L2 (m) diameter of fiber core (um) 2/1000/diameter of fiber preform core (mm) 2
Wherein, L 1 is the passive fiber length, L 2 is the active fiber length, L a is the first length, and L b is the second length.
When the passive core layer and the active core layer are alternately deposited, the first length of the passive core layer and the second length of the active core layer are confirmed according to the core diameter of the optical fiber and the core diameter of the optical fiber preform, and then the passive core layer and the active core layer are sequentially deposited according to the first length and the second length, so that the product after subsequent processing is ensured to meet the requirement. Specifically, when the improved chemical vapor deposition device is used, a feedback regulation system is arranged in the device, the feedback regulation system can perform feeding and temperature control according to a preset deposition position, deposition of an active fiber core layer is started after a first length of the passive fiber core layer is reached, deposition of the passive fiber core layer is started after a second length of the active fiber core layer is deposited, and the circulation is performed until the whole base pipe is completely deposited with the active fiber core layer and the passive fiber core layer. And after the first deposition of the whole base pipe is finished, continuing to perform the second deposition from the initial end of the base pipe, and the like until the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer with preset layers are deposited.
Further, the first prefabricated fiber core may need to be cut when in use, and the deposition quality of the optical fiber layers at the head and the tail ends may be poor, so in the technical scheme provided by the invention, the passive fiber core layers are respectively deposited at the two ends of the first prefabricated fiber core, the lengths of the passive fiber core layers at the two ends are larger than L a, that is, the lengths of the passive fiber core layers at the two ends are larger, the cutting loss requirement can be met, and the deposition quality of the fiber core layers is further ensured. It should be noted that, the finished optical fiber will also be cut when in use, the optical fiber is cut into multiple sections for use, the two ends of each section are passive optical fibers, and the middle is active optical fiber, so in the technical scheme provided by the invention, the two ends of the base tube are deposited into passive fiber core layers, and the uniform cutting is convenient. The period of the first length and the second length can be determined in advance through the length of the base pipe and the first length and the second length, so that the passive fiber core layers are deposited at the two ends of the base pipe, and the two ends of the base pipe can be ensured not to be necessarily arranged as the passive fiber core layers, but material loss can exist when the base pipe is cut.
Specifically, the method for alternately depositing the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core on the inner wall of the base pipe sequentially by adopting the improved chemical vapor deposition method comprises the following steps:
Step one, depositing a passive fiber core layer with the first length on the inner wall of the base pipe by using a deposition raw material and a photosensitive component raw material;
Depositing an active fiber core layer with the second length on the inner wall of the base pipe by using the deposition raw materials and the rare earth dopant raw materials;
repeating the first step and the second step until the passive fiber core layer is deposited at both ends of the base pipe;
Wherein the deposition feedstock comprises SiCl 4, the photosensitive component feedstock comprises one or more of GeCl 4、BCl3、C2F6, and the rare earth dopant feedstock comprises one or more of Yb (thd) 3、Er(thd)3、Tm(thd)3、Ho(thd)3.
Referring to fig. 2, passive and active core layers may be selectively deposited by controlling the feed when using the modified chemical vapor deposition apparatus. The feed is a deposition raw material and a photosensitive component raw material when the passive fiber core layer is deposited, and is a deposition raw material and a rare earth dopant raw material when the active fiber core layer is deposited. Optionally, during the deposition process of the passive fiber core layer, the flow rate of SiCl 4 is 100-1000sccm, the flow rate of the photosensitive component raw material is 10-1000sccm, and the deposition temperature is 1600-2100 ℃; in the deposition process of the active fiber core layer, the flow rate of SiCl 4 is 100-1000sccm, the flow rate of the rare earth dopant raw material is 10-1000sccm, and the deposition temperature is 1600-2100 ℃.
Referring to fig. 4, deposition of the passive core layer is initiated using a modified chemical vapor deposition apparatus fed with matrix SiCl 4 and photosensitive component materials including one or more of GeCl 4、BCl3、C2F6 at a deposition temperature set to 1600-2100 ℃. In an alternative embodiment, the photosensitive component is GeCl 4 as a starting material, siCl 4 flow rate is 700sccm, geCl 4 flow rate is 300sccm, and deposition temperature is set to 2000 ℃; when the active core layer is deposited to a certain length (the length is greater than L a), the photosensitive component raw material feed is closed, the rare earth dopant raw material feed is introduced to continue the deposition of the active core layer, in an alternative embodiment, the flow rate of SiCl 4 in the deposition process is 700sccm, the flow rate of the rare earth dopant raw material Yb (thd) 3 is 200sccm, and the deposition temperature is set to 2000 ℃; when depositing L b length, closing the raw material feed of the rare earth dopant, starting the raw material feed of the photosensitive component, continuously depositing L a length, and sequentially and alternately depositing L a、Lb length according to the process to form the base tube with alternate passive fiber core layers and active fiber core layers.
Further, the pretreatment of the base pipe comprises:
cleaning the base pipe by using hydrofluoric acid and pure water in sequence;
Etching the inner wall of the base pipe by using etching gas;
wherein the etchant gas comprises one or more of SF 6 and C 2F6.
The hydrofluoric acid and the pure water are used for cleaning the base pipe, so that impurities can be removed, the cleaning of the base pipe is ensured, and the deposition quality is ensured; and then etching the inner wall of the base pipe by etching gas, so that a clean deposition surface can be formed on the inner wall of the base pipe, and the interference of impurities is avoided.
Referring to fig. 2, in the technical solution provided in the present invention, the integrated special optical fiber has a core layer, a cladding layer, a first coating layer and a second coating layer, wherein the refractive index of the core layer is n 1, the refractive index of the cladding layer is n 2, the refractive index of the first coating layer is n 3, and the refractive index of the second coating layer is n 4,n4＞n1＞n2＞n3. The passive optical fiber can write the fiber grating by utilizing the photosensitivity of the fiber core layer, and simultaneously realize light transmission, and the fiber core layer of the active optical fiber realizes the absorption of pump light and converts the pump light into laser. The refractive index of the cladding layer is n 2,n1＞n2, the numerical aperture NA= (n 1 2-n2 2)1/ 2) of the fiber core can realize the transmission of laser in the fiber core through the optical waveguide structure formed between the fiber core and the cladding layer, the refractive index of the first coating layer is n 3, the refractive index of the second coating layer is n 4,n2＞n3, the transmission of pump light in the cladding layer can be realized through the optical waveguide structure formed by the refractive index difference between the cladding layer and the first coating layer, the numerical aperture NA= (n 2 2-n3 2)1/2) of the cladding layer is mainly used for protecting the first coating layer and ensuring the strength of special optical fibers.
Further, after drawing the optical fiber preform to form an integrated specialty fiber, it further includes: and writing the fiber grating in the passive fiber area of the integrated special fiber. By inscribing the grating on the passive optical fiber to form the cavity mirror, an integrated oscillation cavity can be obtained, and the integrated oscillation cavity is used as an optical fiber laser oscillator, so that the performance of a special optical fiber can be ensured, the manufacturing period of the optical fiber laser oscillator can be shortened, the production efficiency can be improved, the welding points of all-fiber lasers can be reduced, the welding loss can be reduced, and the efficiency of the all-fiber laser oscillator can be further improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the integrated special optical fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step one, preprocessing a base pipe;
Sequentially and alternately depositing a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe by adopting an improved chemical vapor deposition method along the axial direction of the base pipe so as to form a first prefabricated fiber core;
Repeating the second step, and forming the passive fiber core layer and the active fiber core layer with preset layers on the inner wall of the base pipe to form a second prefabricated fiber core;
Step four, fusing and shrinking the second prefabricated fiber core at high temperature to form an optical fiber preform core rod;
Step five, sleeving the optical fiber preform core rod, and processing according to a preset core-to-cladding ratio to form an optical fiber preform with a certain core-to-cladding ratio;
and step six, drawing the optical fiber preform rod to form an integrated special optical fiber.
2. The method for preparing an integrated special optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the alternately depositing the passive core layer and the active core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe sequentially by adopting a modified chemical vapor deposition method comprises:
According to the preset passive optical fiber length and the active optical fiber length in the integrated special optical fiber, confirming the first length of the passive optical fiber core layer and the second length of the active optical fiber core layer;
And according to the first length and the second length, adopting a modified chemical vapor deposition method to sequentially and alternately deposit a passive fiber core layer and an active fiber core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe.
3. The method of making an integrated specialty fiber according to claim 2, wherein identifying a first length of a passive core layer and a second length of an active core layer comprises: according to the preset passive optical fiber length and the preset active optical fiber length, respectively confirming the first length and the second length according to the following formulas:
l a(mm)≥2*L1 (m) diameter of fiber core (um) 2/1000/diameter of fiber preform core (mm) 2
L b(mm)＝L2 (m) diameter of fiber core (um) 2/1000/diameter of fiber preform core (mm) 2
Wherein, L 1 is the passive fiber length, L 2 is the active fiber length, L a is the first length, and L b is the second length.
4. The method for preparing an integrated optical fiber according to claim 3, wherein the passive core layers are respectively deposited on two ends of the first prefabricated fiber core, and the lengths of the passive core layers on two ends are greater than L a.
5. The method for preparing an integrated special optical fiber according to claim 2, wherein the alternately depositing the passive core layer and the active core layer on the inner wall of the base pipe sequentially by adopting a modified chemical vapor deposition method comprises:
Step one, depositing a passive fiber core layer with the first length on the inner wall of the base pipe by using a deposition raw material and a photosensitive component raw material;
Depositing an active fiber core layer with the second length on the inner wall of the base pipe by using the deposition raw materials and the rare earth dopant raw materials;
repeating the first step and the second step until the passive fiber core layer is deposited at both ends of the base pipe;
Wherein the deposition feedstock comprises SiCl 4, the photosensitive component feedstock comprises one or more of GeCl 4、BCl3、C2F6, and the rare earth dopant feedstock comprises one or more of Yb (thd) 3、Er(thd)3、Tm(thd)3、Ho(thd)3.
6. The method of manufacturing an integrated specialty fiber according to claim 5, wherein during the deposition of the passive core layer, the flow rate of SiCl 4 is 100-1000sccm, the flow rate of photosensitive component raw material is 10-1000sccm, and the deposition temperature is 1600-2100 ℃; in the deposition process of the active fiber core layer, the flow rate of SiCl 4 is 100-1000sccm, the flow rate of the rare earth dopant raw material is 10-1000sccm, and the deposition temperature is 1600-2100 ℃.
7. The method for manufacturing an integrated specialty fiber according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treating the base pipe comprises:
cleaning the base pipe by using hydrofluoric acid and pure water in sequence;
Etching the inner wall of the base pipe by using etching gas;
wherein the etchant gas comprises one or more of SF 6 and C 2F6.
8. The method of manufacturing an integrated specialty fiber according to claim 1, wherein the integrated specialty fiber has a core layer, a cladding layer, a first coating layer, and a second coating layer, the refractive index of the core layer is n 1, the refractive index of the cladding layer is n 2, the refractive index of the first coating layer is n 3, and the refractive index of the second coating layer is n 4,n4＞n1＞n2＞n3.
9. The method for preparing an integrated special optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the preset number of layers is 2-10.
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