CN117884144A - Catalyst suitable for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas - Google Patents

Catalyst suitable for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas Download PDF

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CN117884144A
CN117884144A CN202410028490.XA CN202410028490A CN117884144A CN 117884144 A CN117884144 A CN 117884144A CN 202410028490 A CN202410028490 A CN 202410028490A CN 117884144 A CN117884144 A CN 117884144A
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catalyst
assembled
flue gas
carbon monoxide
sulfur
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唐幸福
许东润
谢轲
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Shanghai Fuyi Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Fuyi Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of air pollution control, and particularly relates to development and application of a catalyst suitable for low-temperature sulfur-resistant carbon monoxide removal of sintering flue gas. The catalyst is prepared by using Al 2 O 3 As a carrier, the assembled rhodium metal particles supported on the carrier are the main active ingredients. The assembled Rh particle catalyst is prepared in glycol under the protection of Ar atmosphere, so that Rh particles in a metal state can be obtained, the d energy band of the Rh particle catalyst is filled with a large amount of delocalized electrons, the d energy band spans the Fermi energy level on the energy level, the electron transfer in the rapid chemical reaction process can be realized, and CO and O are promoted 2 The rapid reaction at low temperature realizes the purification of the flue gas at low temperature. By passing throughThe assembled synthesis can be carried out, and the Ni crystal nucleus can be used as a nucleation site of Rh to carry out dispersed growth, so that nano particles with the diameter of about 2nm are formed. Ni is in the inner layer of the particle and plays a role of an electron buffer pool to provide electrons for the outer layer of Rh to participate in chemical reaction or accept electrons, so that the rapid progress of oxidation-reduction reaction is realized. Unique geometry and electronic structure, further suppressing SO 2 Poisoning and reduce H 2 The adsorption capacity of O improves the water-resistance and sulfur-resistance of the catalyst at low temperature. Under the condition of containing water and sulfur at 120-150 ℃, the CO removal efficiency of the catalyst for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance is kept above 90%, and the catalyst is suitable for purifying various industrial source flue gases, in particular for treating tail gas of sintering flue gases.

Description

Catalyst suitable for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas
Technical Field
The invention relates to an innovation in the technical field of catalysts for removing carbon monoxide (CO) in industrial flue gas, and particularly relates to a catalyst for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas. The catalyst not only has excellent CO removal performance, but also has certain water resistance and sulfur resistance, and has important significance for purifying tail gas of sintering flue gas in steel plants. The invention mainly comprises the component design of the catalyst and the related preparation method.
Background
In the traditional industrial flue gas treatment process, the focus is often put on particulate matters, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides for removal, but in recent years, in addition to the conventional ultra-low emission modification contents such as desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal, new requirements are also put on the treatment of non-conventional pollutants including carbon monoxide. For example, the research and development of a smoke multi-pollutant cooperative control technology such as carbon monoxide is recorded in the technology, equipment and service of the annex of important development of the ecological environment protection industry. Meanwhile, carbon monoxide is inflammable, explosive and highly toxic gas, and is used as one of indexes of air quality, the carbon monoxide has serious influence on human bodies and the environment, and researches show that the carbon monoxide can directly influence respiratory systems, circulatory systems and the like of the human bodies, so that the oxygen transmission capacity of blood is reduced, and the choking phenomenon is caused seriously; in addition, the plant growth inhibitor has obvious inhibition effect.
In general, there are two main types of methods for eliminating carbon monoxide in flue gas: physical and chemical methods. The physical method mainly comprises the following steps: adsorption, absorption, high temperature metal membrane separation, etc.; the chemical method mainly comprises a catalytic oxidation method, a methanation reaction method and the like. The catalytic oxidation method is one of the most commonly used and effective carbon monoxide removal methods due to the characteristics of environmental friendliness, high conversion efficiency and the like. In the selection of catalysts, it is often classified into two types, metal oxidation catalysts and noble metal catalysts. The metal oxide catalyst mainly comprises perovskite type catalyst, transition metal oxide and the like, and has low cost but poor performance and stability; meanwhile, industrial flue gas, especially sintering flue gas of steel works, often contains sulfur dioxide and other gases, and is easy to react with Mn, co, ni, cu oxide to generate sulfate species, so that the catalyst is deactivated. Noble metal catalysts using Rh, pt, pd and the like as active components have better activity, but are expensive, and the atomic utilization rate still needs to be further improved, so that the aim of green chemistry is fulfilled.
Therefore, we propose a new design idea and preparation method, which loads assembled metal Rh particles on Al 2 O 3 On the carrier, a catalyst suitable for low-temperature sulfur-resistant carbon monoxide removal of sintering flue gas is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a catalyst which has high activity, high stability and sulfur resistance and is used for eliminating carbon monoxide in flue gas and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a catalyst for removing CO by low-temp sulfur-resistant reaction of sinter fume is gamma-Al 2 O 3 As a carrier, assembled rhodium particles (Rh) supported on a carrier are the main active ingredient. The assembled Rh particle takes auxiliary nickel (Ni) as a crystal nucleus, rh atoms grow on the surface of the crystal nucleus, and an assembled structure with the inner core of Ni and the outer layer of Rh is formed. Wherein Rh atoms relative to Al 2 O 3 The mass content of the catalyst is 0.5-2 wt%, and the Ni loading amount of the auxiliary agent is 0-1 wt%. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding glycol (EG) solution (0.10-0.15 mol/L) of NaOH into the auxiliary agent Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 In EG solution (1-3 mmol/L, water and EG volume ratio is 1:30), rapidly stirring for 0.5-1 h in Ar atmosphere protection at 140 ℃ to form auxiliary Ni crystal nucleus solution;
(2) Rh (NO) 3 ) 3 Dissolving in EG solution (4-10 mmol/L, water and EG volume ratio is 1:30), rapidly adding into the solution in (1), continuously rapidly stirring for 3-4 h under Ar atmosphere protection at 140-160 ℃, and cooling to room temperature. Obtaining an assembled Rh particle colloid solution;
(3) Al is added with 2 O 3 Adding the powder carrier into the assembled Rh granule colloid solution, and fully stirring for 2-3 h at 80-90 ℃. After the completion, the solid catalyst was separated by centrifugation and dried in a drying room for 12 hours.
(4) Grinding the catalyst to powder, roasting for 3-4 hours at the highest temperature of 350-400 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder catalyst, namely the catalyst suitable for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas.
Further preferably, the auxiliary Ni content is 0-1 wt.%, and the active component Rh content is 0.5-2 wt.%.
Further preferably, the roasting process is as follows: heating to 220 ℃ for 2h, heating to 350-400 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, heating for 3h, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The assembled Rh particle catalyst is prepared in glycol under the protection of Ar atmosphere, so that Rh particles in a metal state can be obtained, the d energy band of the Rh particle catalyst is filled with a large amount of delocalized electrons, the d energy band spans the Fermi energy level on the energy level, the electron transfer in the rapid chemical reaction process can be realized, and CO and O are promoted 2 The rapid reaction at low temperature realizes the purification of the flue gas at low temperature.
(2) Through the assembly type synthesis, the Ni crystal nucleus can be used as a nucleation site of Rh to carry out dispersed growth, so as to form nano particles with the wavelength of about 2 nm. Ni is in the inner layer of the particle and plays a role of an electron buffer pool to provide electrons for the outer layer of Rh to participate in chemical reaction or accept electrons, so that the rapid progress of oxidation-reduction reaction is realized.
(3) Unique geometry and electronic structure, further suppressing SO 2 Poisoning and reduce H 2 The adsorption capacity of O improves the water-resistance and sulfur-resistance of the catalyst at low temperature.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a scanning transmission electron microscope of the catalyst prepared in example 1 of the present invention. Assembled Rh particles are uniformly dispersed in Al 2 O 3 On the carrier, the particle size of the nano particles is about 2 nm.
Fig. 2 shows the electronic structure (valence band XPS) of the catalyst of example 1 of the present invention. It is evident that the catalyst has a large electron packing near the fermi level, facilitating rapid participation in the redox reaction.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the performance of the catalyst prepared in example 1 and a comparative commercial catalyst.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the low temperature performance of the catalyst prepared in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedure, without specific conditions noted in the following examples, generally follows conventional conditions.
Example 1
(1) An Ethylene Glycol (EG) solution of NaOH (50 mL,0.15 mol/L) was added to the adjuvant Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 In EG solution (50 mL,1mmol/L, water and EG volume ratio of 1:30), rapidly stirring for 0.5h in Ar atmosphere protection at 140 ℃ to form auxiliary Ni crystal nucleus solution;
(2) Rh (NO) 3 ) 3 Dissolved in EG solution (50 mL,6mmol/L, water to EG volume ratio of 1:30)
Rapidly adding the mixture into the solution in the step (1), continuously rapidly stirring the mixture for 3 hours in the protection of Ar atmosphere at 140 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature. Obtaining an assembled Rh particle colloid solution;
(3) Al is added with 2 O 3 The powder carrier is added into the assembled Rh granule colloid solution, and the mixture is fully stirred for 3 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. After the completion, the solid catalyst was separated by centrifugation and dried in a drying room for 12 hours.
(4) Grinding the catalyst to powder, placing the catalyst into a muffle furnace, heating to 220 ℃ for 2h, heating to the highest temperature of 400 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, roasting for 3h, naturally cooling to room temperature,
a powder catalyst was obtained.
The obtained catalyst is crushed and sieved to 40 to 60 meshes, and 0.2g of the catalyst is taken for CO oxidation reaction test. The reaction simulation flue gas condition is 10000ppm CO,16vol%O2, 100ppm SO2, 10vol%H2O, the balance gas is N2, and the total flow is 200mL/min. The reactor was programmed to 130 ℃ and kept stable, the CO concentration changes at the inlet and outlet were detected and the NO conversion was calculated. The catalyst has good sulfur resistance and water resistance, and the conversion rate of CO is stabilized to be more than 90 percent at 130 ℃.
Example 2
(1) An Ethylene Glycol (EG) solution of NaOH (50 mL,0.10 mol/L) was added to the adjuvant Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 In EG solution (30 mL,1mmol/L, water and EG volume ratio of 1:30), rapidly stirring for 0.5h in Ar atmosphere protection at 140 ℃ to form auxiliary Ni crystal nucleus solution;
(2) Rh (NO) 3 ) 3 Dissolved in EG solution (50 mL,4mmol/L, water to EG volume ratio of 1:30)
Rapidly adding the mixture into the solution in the step (1), continuously rapidly stirring the mixture for 3 hours under the protection of Ar atmosphere at 160 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature. Obtaining an assembled Rh particle colloid solution;
(3) Al is added with 2 O 3 The powder carrier is added into the assembled Rh granule colloid solution, and the mixture is fully stirred for 3 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃. After the completion, the solid catalyst was separated by centrifugation and dried in a drying room for 12 hours.
(4) Grinding the catalyst to powder, placing the catalyst into a muffle furnace, heating to 220 ℃ for 2h, heating to the highest temperature of 400 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, roasting for 4h, naturally cooling to room temperature,
a powder catalyst was obtained.
The obtained catalyst is crushed and sieved to 40 to 60 meshes, and 0.2g of the catalyst is taken for CO oxidation reaction test. The reaction simulation flue gas condition is 10000ppm CO,16vol%O2, 100ppm SO2, 15vol%H2O, the balance gas is N2, and the total flow is 200mL/min. The reactor was programmed to 140 ℃ and kept stable, the CO concentration changes at the inlet and outlet were detected and the NO conversion was calculated. The catalyst has good sulfur resistance and water resistance, and the conversion rate of CO is stabilized to be more than 95% at 140 ℃.
Comparative example
Pt/Al prepared by commercial impregnation method 2 O 3 The catalyst was crushed and sieved to 40-60 mesh, and 0.2g was taken for CO oxidation reaction. The reaction simulation flue gas conditions were the same as those of example 1, 10000ppm CO,16vol%O2, 100ppm SO2, 10vol%H2O, balance gas of N2 and total flow of 200mL/min. The reactor was programmed to 130 ℃ and kept stable, the CO concentration changes at the inlet and outlet were detected and the NO conversion was calculated. The catalyst was less active and less resistant to sulfur and water than example 1.

Claims (4)

1. A catalyst for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas, which is characterized in that: (1) the main active structure is an assembled Rh particle catalyst which is in a metallic state with conductor property, a d energy band is filled with a large amount of delocalized electrons, and the d energy band spans the Fermi energy level on the energy level, so that the electron transfer in the rapid chemical reaction process can be realized, and CO and O are promoted 2 The rapid reaction at low temperature realizes the purification of the flue gas at low temperature. (2) Through the assembly type synthesis, the auxiliary Ni crystal nucleus can be used as a nucleation site of Rh to carry out dispersed growth, so as to form nano particles with the diameter of about 2 nm. Ni is in the inner layer of the particle and plays a role of an electron buffer pool to provide electrons for the outer layer of Rh to participate in chemical reaction or accept electrons, so that the rapid progress of oxidation-reduction reaction is realized. (3) Unique geometry and electronic structure, further suppressing SO 2 Poisoning and reduce H 2 The adsorption capacity of O improves the water-resistance and sulfur-resistance of the catalyst at low temperature.
2. A catalyst for the low temperature sulfur tolerant carbon monoxide removal in sintering flue gas according to claim 1, whereinIs characterized in that is gamma-Al 2 O 3 As a carrier, assembled rhodium particles (Rh) supported on a carrier are the main active ingredient. The assembled Rh particle takes auxiliary nickel (Ni) as a crystal nucleus, rh atoms grow on the surface of the crystal nucleus, and an assembled structure with the inner core of Ni and the outer layer of Rh is formed.
3. A method for preparing a catalyst for sulfur-resistant removal of carbon monoxide at low temperature for sintering flue gas as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein Rh metal particles of assembled active species are prepared first and uniformly supported on γ -Al 2 O 3 On a carrier, comprising the steps of:
(1) Adding glycol (EG) solution (0.10-0.15 mol/L) of NaOH into the auxiliary agent Ni (NO) 3 ) 2 In EG solution (1-3 mmol/L, water and EG volume ratio is 1:30), rapidly stirring for 0.5-1 h in Ar atmosphere protection at 140 ℃ to form auxiliary Ni crystal nucleus solution;
(2) Rh (NO) 3 ) 3 Dissolving in EG solution (4-10 mmol/L, water and EG volume ratio is 1:30), rapidly adding into the solution in (1), continuously rapidly stirring for 3-4 h under Ar atmosphere protection at 140-160 ℃,
and then cooled to room temperature. Obtaining an assembled Rh particle colloid solution;
(3) Al is added with 2 O 3 Adding the powder carrier into the assembled Rh granule colloid solution, and fully stirring for 2-3 h at 80-90 ℃. After the completion, the solid catalyst was separated by centrifugation and dried in a drying room for 12 hours.
(4) Grinding the catalyst to powder, roasting for 3-4 hours at the highest temperature of 350-400 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder catalyst, namely the catalyst suitable for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the adjuvant Ni content is 0-1 wt.% and the active component Rh content is 0.5-2 wt.%. The roasting process comprises the following steps: heating to 220 ℃ for 2h, heating to 350-400 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, heating for 3h, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
CN202410028490.XA 2024-01-09 2024-01-09 Catalyst suitable for removing carbon monoxide by low-temperature sulfur resistance of sintering flue gas Pending CN117884144A (en)

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