CN117882001A - Display panel, rearview mirror and traffic equipment - Google Patents
Display panel, rearview mirror and traffic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117882001A CN117882001A CN202280002446.0A CN202280002446A CN117882001A CN 117882001 A CN117882001 A CN 117882001A CN 202280002446 A CN202280002446 A CN 202280002446A CN 117882001 A CN117882001 A CN 117882001A
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)NC2=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
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- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- GRZJZRHVJAXMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group C1CCCCC1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GRZJZRHVJAXMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032900 absorption of visible light Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
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- WMUFHDYXFASDAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;2-octadecylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O WMUFHDYXFASDAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
Abstract
A display panel, comprising: a reflective layer (1) and a first liquid crystal cell (2); the first liquid crystal box (2) comprises a first substrate (21) and a second substrate (22); the first substrate (21) and the second substrate (22) are combined to form a cell gap; the first liquid crystal cell (2) further comprises a first electrode (23), a second electrode (24), a first alignment film (25) and a second alignment film (26); the first electrode (23) and the first orientation film (25) are arranged on one side of the first substrate (21) close to the second substrate (22), and are sequentially overlapped far away from the first substrate (21); the second electrode (24) and the second alignment film (26) are arranged on one side of the second substrate (22) close to the first substrate (21), and are sequentially overlapped far away from the second substrate (22); the reflecting layer (1) is positioned on one side of the first orientation film (25) away from the second substrate (22); the cell gap is filled with a negative liquid crystal (27) and a first colored dye (28).
Description
The embodiment of the disclosure belongs to the technical field of display, and particularly relates to a display panel, a rearview mirror and traffic equipment.
The vehicle rearview mirror has higher requirements on light reflectivity and anti-dazzle effect. At present, the vehicle rearview mirror requires the light reflectivity to be higher than 50 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel, including: a reflective layer and a first liquid crystal cell;
the first liquid crystal box comprises a first substrate and a second substrate; the first substrate and the second substrate are combined to form a cell gap;
the first liquid crystal cell further comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first alignment film and a second alignment film;
the first electrode and the first orientation film are arranged on one side of the first substrate, which is close to the second substrate, and are sequentially far away from the first substrate to be stacked;
the second electrode and the second orientation film are arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the first substrate and are sequentially far away from the second substrate to be overlapped;
the reflecting layer is positioned on one side of the first orientation film, which is away from the second substrate;
the cell gap is filled with a negative liquid crystal and a first colored dye.
In some embodiments, the cell gap is also filled with a chiral additive.
In some embodiments, the orientation directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are parallel to each other.
In some embodiments, the orientation directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are orthogonal to each other.
In some embodiments, the chiral additive has a concentration c < K33/(2 dhtp·k22);
wherein, K22 and K33 are the elastic modulus of the liquid crystal; d is the thickness of the cell gap; HTP is the twist constant of chiral additives.
In some embodiments, the chiral additive is present in an amount such that the liquid crystal rotates to form a pitch that is 100 to 200 times the cell gap thickness.
In some embodiments, the first electrode and the second electrode are each a face electrode;
the first electrode is multiplexed as the reflective layer; or, the reflective layer is located at a side of the first substrate away from the second substrate.
In some embodiments, the liquid crystal display device further comprises a second liquid crystal cell, wherein the second liquid crystal cell has the same structure as the first liquid crystal cell;
the second liquid crystal box is positioned on one side of the second substrate, far away from the first substrate, in the first liquid crystal box, and the second liquid crystal box and the first liquid crystal box are mutually overlapped;
the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the second liquid crystal cell is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the first liquid crystal cell.
In some embodiments, the first electrode and the second electrode in the second liquid crystal cell are made of a light-transmitting material;
the second electrode in the first liquid crystal box is made of a light-transmitting material;
the reflecting layer is positioned on one side of the first substrate, which is away from the second substrate, in the first liquid crystal box, and the first electrode in the first liquid crystal box is made of a light-transmitting material;
alternatively, the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is multiplexed as the reflective layer, and the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is made of an opaque material.
In some embodiments, the cell gap is also filled with a second colored dye.
In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the second colored dye in the cell gap filler is in the range of 0-1%.
In some embodiments, the second colored dye comprises a mass fraction of filler in the cell gap in the range of 0.3-0.5%.
In some embodiments, the first colored dye is any one of azo, anthraquinone, naphthalimide;
the second colored dye adopts any one or more of azo, anthraquinone and naphthalimide.
In some embodiments, the cell gap is also filled with a photopolymer.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a rearview mirror, including the display panel described above.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a traffic device, including the rearview mirror described above.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, without limitation to the disclosure. The above and other features and advantages will become more readily apparent to those skilled in the art by describing in detail exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a vehicle mirror in the disclosed technology when operating in a specular reflection mode.
Fig. 1b is a schematic view of a vehicle mirror of the disclosed technology operating in an antiglare mode.
Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal state of a display panel when not powered in an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is applied in an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a graph of absorbance of dye molecules versus incident light of different wavelengths when the first and second electrodes are unpowered and powered.
Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal state of another display panel without power in an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram showing a liquid crystal state of another display panel at power-up in an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 5a is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is not applied in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 5b is a schematic diagram showing a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is applied according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the reflectivity of the display panel with increasing R1011 concentration.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the initial alignment state of guest-host liquid crystal when the fingerprint structure is generated in the display panel.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 9a is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is not applied in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 9b is a schematic diagram showing a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is applied according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a graph showing reflectance and contrast ratio of a case where a cell gap of a single liquid crystal cell display panel is not filled with a second colored dye, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to a rubbing treatment and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to a rubbing treatment.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing reflectance and contrast ratio of a case where a cell gap of a single liquid crystal cell display panel is filled with a second colored dye, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to a rubbing treatment and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to a rubbing treatment.
Fig. 12 is a graph of reflectance and contrast ratio for a single liquid crystal cell display panel with a cell gap filled with chiral additive, second colored dye, and photopolymer, and the cell gap being of different thickness.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a display panel, a rearview mirror and a traffic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments shown may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but include modifications of the configuration formed based on the manufacturing process. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures have schematic properties and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the figures illustrate specific shapes of the regions, but are not intended to be limiting.
Referring to fig. 1a, a schematic diagram of a vehicle rearview mirror according to the disclosure when operating in a specular reflection mode, and fig. 1b, a schematic diagram of a vehicle rearview mirror according to the disclosure when operating in an antiglare mode; the vehicle rearview mirror comprises a display module 4 and a liquid crystal box 5 arranged on the display side of the display module 4, wherein the liquid crystal box 5 comprises an upper polarizer 6 and a lower polarizer 6, and liquid crystal molecules 7 in the liquid crystal box 5 rotate under the action of an electric field to realize the specular reflection and anti-dazzle effects of the rearview mirror.
Since the upper and lower polarizers 6 will filter out part of the light, the reflectivity of the mirror in fig. 1a is only about 42% in the mirror reflection mode, and the liquid crystal cell 5 and the display module 4 are needed to be matched for implementation, which makes the overall cost of the vehicle mirror higher.
In view of the foregoing problems in the prior art, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel, and referring to fig. 2a and 2b, fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal state of the display panel when power is not applied in the embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram showing a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is applied according to an embodiment of the disclosure; wherein, the display panel includes: a reflective layer 1 and a first liquid crystal cell 2; the first liquid crystal cell 2 includes a first substrate 21, a second substrate 22; the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are combined to form a cell gap; the first liquid crystal cell 2 further includes a first electrode 23, a second electrode 24, a first alignment film 25, and a second alignment film 26; the first electrode 23 and the first alignment film 25 are disposed on a side of the first substrate 21 close to the second substrate 22, and are stacked sequentially away from the first substrate 21; the second electrode 24 and the second alignment film 26 are disposed on a side of the second substrate 22 close to the first substrate 21, and are stacked sequentially away from the second substrate 22; the reflective layer 1 is positioned on the side of the first alignment film 25 facing away from the second substrate 22; the cell gap is filled with a negative liquid crystal 27 and a first colored dye 28.
Wherein the negative liquid crystal 27 and the first colored dye 28 in the cell gap constitute guest-host liquid crystals having a guest-host effect of dissolving dichroic dyes having different absorption of visible light in the major axis direction and the minor axis direction as a guest in a liquid crystal host aligned in an aligned manner. The dichroic dye will align "guest host-change" with the liquid crystal molecules. When the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules as a host is changed by an electric field, the arrangement direction of molecules of the dichroic dye is changed, that is, the absorption of incident light by the dichroic dye is also changed.
In some embodiments, the orientation directions of the first orientation film 25 and the second orientation film 26 are parallel to each other.
In some embodiments, the side of the first alignment film 25 facing away from the first substrate 21 is further provided with a vertical alignment agent, and the side of the second alignment film 26 facing away from the second substrate 22 is further provided with a vertical alignment agent. The vertical alignment agent can be polyimide vertical alignment agent; surface active substances such as C may also be used 6 H 13 N(CH 2 ) 3 Br、C 8 H 17 N(CH 3 ) 3 Br、C 16 H 33 N(CH 3 ) 3 Br is coated on the surface of a glass substrate or directly added into liquid crystal, so that the molecular orientation of vertical arrangement can be obtained; or adsorbing polar ends such as polyamide, octadecyl malonic acid, benzyl derivatives, long-chain quaternary ammonium salt and the like on the surface of glass, and vertically arranging nonpolar long-chain induced liquid crystal molecules; surface coupling agents such as RSi (OH) may also be used 3 Wherein R is long-chain organic group such as alkyl, and the like, organicThe groups extend upward to allow the liquid crystal to be oriented vertically.
In some embodiments, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are each a face electrode; the reflective layer 1 is located on a side of the first substrate 21 facing away from the second substrate 22.
In some embodiments, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are made of a light-transmitting conductive material, such as ITO, IGZO, or the like; the reflective layer 1 is made of a reflective material such as Ag, al or MO/Al/Al.
In this embodiment, in the initial state, referring to fig. 2a, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are not powered, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that most of the natural light irradiated onto the reflective layer 1 through the first liquid crystal cell 2 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2, thereby realizing a reflectivity of more than 50% for the display panel; after the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are powered on, guest-host liquid crystal molecules rotate according to the alignment directions of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26, and referring to fig. 2b, a part of light passing through the first liquid crystal cell 2 is absorbed by dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal, so that the reflected light intensity of the display panel is reduced, and the anti-dazzle effect of the display panel is realized. When the display panel in the embodiment is used as a rearview mirror, the anti-dazzle mode of the rearview mirror can realize millisecond anti-dazzle response, and can effectively reduce the braking distance, such as an automobile with a speed of 100 km per hour, and the braking distance of the rearview mirror is 81 meters when the anti-dazzle function is not provided.
The principle of light absorption by the first colored dye 28 is as follows: when the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are energized, the dye molecules rotate with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules; when the long axis of the dye molecules is the same as the polarization direction of incident light along with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, most of the incident light is absorbed by the dye molecules. When the long axis of the dye molecules is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the incident light along with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, most of the incident light passes through the dye molecules without being absorbed. Referring to fig. 3, there is shown a graph of absorption of dye molecules for incident light of different wavelengths when the first and second electrodes are unpowered and powered.
In the display panel of this embodiment, in the antiglare state, since the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal rotate to the direction in which the long axis direction thereof is parallel to the alignment directions of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26, the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal can absorb only one direction of incident light (i.e., the incident light having the same deflection direction as the long axis direction), so that the low-state reflectance (the reflectance in the antiglare state) of the display panel is high, and the antiglare effect is general.
In some embodiments, the first colored dye 28 employs a dichroic dye of any one of azo-based, anthraquinone-based, naphthalimide-based as a guest component. In this embodiment, the first colored dye 28 is azo dye, and the molecular formula of the azo dye is:
in some embodiments, the degree of order of the dye s= (3 cos2θ -1)/2= (N-1)/(n+2), the degree of order of the dye is related to its molecular structure, which includes substituents having different aspect ratios, lateral or terminal ends, and the like. Dye dichroism ratio n=a|/a+= (1+2s)/(1-S); the higher the solubility of the dye in the liquid crystal, the better; at the working temperature of-40-90 ℃, the dye needs to have better solubility and can not be separated out of crystals. In addition, higher solubility of long chain alkyl, alkoxy functional groups, and asymmetric amino substituents is achieved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4a and 4b, fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal state of another display panel in an embodiment of the disclosure when not powered; fig. 4b is a schematic diagram showing a liquid crystal state of another display panel in the embodiment of the disclosure when power is applied, and the cell gap is further filled with a chiral additive based on the display panel structure in the embodiment. Under the energizing action of the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24, the chiral additive can make guest-host liquid crystal molecules realize a twisted state with a screw pitch structure, so that incident light in all directions is absorbed, and the anti-dazzle effect is further improved.
In this embodiment, in the initial state, referring to fig. 4a, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are not powered, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that most of the natural light irradiated onto the reflective layer 1 through the first liquid crystal cell 2 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2, and the reflectivity of the display panel is more than 50%; after the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are powered on, guest-host liquid crystal molecules rotate under the action of an electric field, and under the action of chiral additives, guest-host liquid crystals can achieve a twisted state with a pitch structure (namely, guest-host liquid crystals in a cell gap along the direction of the second substrate 22 towards the first substrate 21, the twisting degree of guest-host liquid crystal molecules in a horizontal plane is gradually increased and then gradually decreased, namely, the twisting degree of guest-host liquid crystal molecules in a middle region of the cell gap thickness in the horizontal plane is larger, the twisting degree of guest-host liquid crystal molecules in the horizontal plane from the middle region towards the upper side region and the lower side region of the middle region is gradually decreased, and the horizontal plane is parallel to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22), and referring to fig. 4b, dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystals absorb most incident light in different directions, so that the reflection light intensity of a display panel is remarkably reduced, and a better anti-dazzling effect is achieved.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5a and 5b, fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is not applied in another embodiment of the disclosure; fig. 5b is a schematic view showing a liquid crystal state of a display panel at power-up in still another embodiment of the present disclosure, which is different from the display panel structure in the above embodiment in that the alignment directions of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 are orthogonal to each other. If the orientation direction of the first orientation film 25 is 0 °, the orientation direction of the second orientation film 26 is 90 °. In this embodiment, the cell gap is also filled with chiral additives.
In this embodiment, in the initial state, referring to fig. 5a, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are not powered, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned, the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that most of the natural light irradiated onto the reflective layer 1 through the first liquid crystal cell 2 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2, thereby realizing a reflectivity of more than 50% for the display panel; after the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are powered on, guest-host liquid crystal molecules rotate under the action of an electric field, and under the action of a chiral additive, the guest-host liquid crystal can realize a TN twisted state with a pitch structure (namely, the twisted degree of the guest-host liquid crystal molecules in a horizontal plane is gradually reduced along the direction of the second substrate 22 towards the first substrate 21 in a cell gap, and the horizontal plane is parallel to the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22), and referring to FIG. 5b, most of incident light in different directions is absorbed by dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal, so that the reflected light intensity of a display panel is remarkably reduced, and a better anti-dazzle effect is realized.
In some embodiments, the drive voltage applied to the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 is slightly increased with the chiral additive filling the cell gap.
In some embodiments, the chiral additive has molecular structure without strong polar group, cyclohexane (such as cyclohexyl biphenyl, dicyclohexylbenzene, etc.) may be introduced into the molecular skeleton, F (fluorine) atom may be introduced into benzene ring to increase liposolubility, acetylene bond, -CH 2 CH 2 -、-CF 2 O-and the like are bridge bonds, and chiral groups are connected at the tail ends. The chiral additive needs to have a large HTP (twist constant) value, good light stability and chemical stability, and a high voltage holding ratio (v.h.r.); good compatibility with the main liquid crystal material in guest-host liquid crystal; is not easy to be adsorbed by the adsorbent (such as silica gel or alumina); the pitch (the chiral additive can rotate the liquid crystal to form a periodic rotating structure, and the minimum period length of the periodic rotating structure is the pitch) has small temperature dependence.
In some embodiments, the chiral additive may employ any of CB15, S811, R1011, and the like.
In some embodiments, the concentration of chiral additive c < K33/(2 dhtp·k22); wherein, K22 and K33 are the elastic modulus of the liquid crystal; d is the thickness of the cell gap; HTP is the twist constant of chiral additives.
The chiral additive can rotate the liquid crystal to form a periodic rotating structure, the minimum period length of the periodic rotating structure is a screw pitch, when the screw pitch P is smaller than 2dK22/K33, the display panel can generate a fingerprint structure, wherein d is the thickness of a cell gap, P is the screw pitch of cholesteric liquid crystal, P=1/(HTP.c), HTP is the torsion constant of the chiral additive, c is the concentration of the chiral additive, and K22 and K33 are the elastic modulus of the liquid crystal. The chiral additive adopts R1011, and referring to FIG. 6, the reflectivity curve graph of the display panel is gradually increased along with the concentration of R1011; as can be seen from fig. 6, when the concentration of R1011 in the entire cell gap filler reaches 0.7%, the fingerprint structure can be seen when viewed under a microscope, the display panel has low reflectivity, a black state is generated, causing the vertical alignment of guest-host liquid crystal molecules in the initial state (i.e., the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 are not powered up), and referring to fig. 7, a state diagram of the initial alignment of guest-host liquid crystal for the display panel when the fingerprint structure is generated, it can be seen from fig. 7 that the guest-host liquid crystal molecules are not all vertically aligned in the initial state, i.e., the vertical alignment fails. In order to avoid fingerprint structure of the display panel, 1/(HTP.c) > 2dK22/K33 is required, i.e. the concentration of chiral additive is required to satisfy c < K33/(2 dHTP.K22).
In this embodiment, the chiral additive is present in an amount such that the liquid crystal rotates to form a pitch that is 100 to 200 times the cell gap thickness. Thus, the display panel can realize better anti-dazzle effect.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure is shown, where the first electrode 23 is multiplexed as the reflective layer 1. The display panel is thinned by the arrangement, and has a simple structure and a certain mass production property.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 9a, a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal state of a display panel when power is not applied in another embodiment of the disclosure; fig. 9b is a schematic diagram showing a liquid crystal state of a display panel at power-up in the embodiment of the present disclosure, which is different from the above embodiment in that the display panel in the embodiment further includes a second liquid crystal cell 3 based on the structure of the display panel in fig. 2a and 2b, and the second liquid crystal cell 3 has the same structure as the first liquid crystal cell 2; the second liquid crystal cell 3 is positioned on the side of the second substrate 22 away from the first substrate 21 in the first liquid crystal cell 2, and the second liquid crystal cell 3 and the first liquid crystal cell 2 are stacked on each other; the alignment direction of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 in the second liquid crystal cell 3 is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the first alignment film 25 and the second alignment film 26 in the first liquid crystal cell 2.
In some embodiments, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 in the second liquid crystal cell 3 are made of a light-transmitting material; the second electrode 24 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 is made of a light-transmitting material; the reflective layer 1 is located on a side of the first substrate 21 facing away from the second substrate 22 in the first liquid crystal cell 2, and the first electrode 23 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 is made of a light-transmitting material.
In some embodiments, the first electrode 23 in the first liquid crystal cell 2 is multiplexed as the reflective layer 1, and the first electrode 23 in the first liquid crystal cell is made of an opaque material.
In this embodiment, in the initial state, referring to fig. 9a, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 of the first liquid crystal cell 2 and the second liquid crystal cell 3 are not powered, the guest-host liquid crystal molecules in the two liquid crystal cells are vertically aligned, the dye molecules in the guest-host liquid crystal do not absorb light, so that most of the natural light irradiated onto the reflective layer 1 through the second liquid crystal cell 3 and the first liquid crystal cell 2 is reflected by the reflective layer 1 and then emitted through the first liquid crystal cell 2 and the second liquid crystal cell 3, thereby realizing a reflectivity of greater than 50% of the display panel; however, the highest reflectivity of the display panel in the unpowered state is slightly reduced due to the two liquid crystal cells, but still is above 50%. After the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24 of the two liquid crystal cells are powered, referring to fig. 9b, for example, the alignment films in the first liquid crystal cell 2 are all oriented at 0 ° and the alignment films in the second liquid crystal cell 3 are all oriented at 90 °, when the incident light passes through the first liquid crystal cell 2, the polarized light in the 0 ° direction is mostly absorbed; when the incident light passes through the second liquid crystal cell 3, the polarized light in the other 90 ° direction is mostly absorbed, so that the reflected light intensity of the display panel is reduced, and the anti-dazzle effect of the display panel is improved.
In the present embodiment, the cost of the display panel formed by the first liquid crystal cell 2 and the second liquid crystal cell 3 is increased relative to the display panel of a single liquid crystal cell, and the highest reflectivity (i.e., the reflectivity in the initial state) of the display panel is reduced.
In some embodiments, the cell gap is also filled with a second colored dye. Thus, the anti-dazzle effect of the display panel in low-state reflectivity (namely the anti-dazzle state reflectivity) can be remarkably improved, but the highest reflectivity of the display panel in the unpowered state can be slightly reduced.
In some embodiments, the second colored dye is any one or more of azo, anthraquinone, naphthalimide.
In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the second colored dye in the filling in the cell gap ranges from 0 to 1%. In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the second colored dye in the fill in the cell gap ranges from 0.3 to 0.5%.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 10, in a case where a single liquid crystal cell display panel cell gap is not filled with a second colored dye, a reflectance and contrast ratio curve of the first alignment film and the second alignment film subjected to rubbing (rubbing) treatment and the first alignment film and the second alignment film not subjected to rubbing treatment is obtained, wherein the cell gap of the display panel is filled with guest-host liquid crystal and a chiral additive R1011, the mass ratio of the guest-host liquid crystal is 99.6%, and the mass ratio of the chiral additive R1011 is 0.4%. As can be seen from fig. 10, in the display panel scheme in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to the rubbing treatment, when the voltage v=0v between the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24, the reflectance R% =51%; when the voltage v=10v between the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24, the reflectance R% =10v; contrast ratio is 5.0; and the contrast ratio of the display panel solution in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film were not subjected to rubbing treatment was 3.9. The conclusion is that: the contrast improvement effect is not significantly evident in the case of the display panel in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to the rubbing treatment, as compared with the case of the display panel in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to the rubbing treatment.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 11, in a case where a single liquid crystal cell display panel cell gap is filled with a second colored dye, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to a rubbing (rubbing) treatment and a reflectance and contrast ratio contrast curve of the case where the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to the rubbing treatment, a cell gap of the display panel is filled with a guest-host liquid crystal and a chiral additive R1011, wherein the mass ratio of the guest-host liquid crystal is 99.1%, the mass ratio of the chiral additive R1011 is 0.4%, and the mass ratio of the second colored dye such as lg6# dye is 0.5%. As can be seen from fig. 11, after the second colored dye is filled in the cell gap, the contrast ratio of the display panel scheme in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to the rubbing treatment and the display panel scheme in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to the rubbing treatment are improved, and the highest reflectance of the display panel in the unpowered state is reduced to 40%, and the low-state reflectance (referring to the reflectance in the antiglare state) is 3.8%; meanwhile, when the voltage v=0v between the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24, the reflectance R% =44%; when the voltage v=10v between the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 24, the reflectance R% =4.37%; a display panel scheme in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to friction treatment, wherein the contrast ratio is 10.5; a display panel scheme in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to rubbing treatment, the contrast ratio being 10.1; that is, the contrast ratio of the display panel in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are subjected to the rubbing treatment is improved compared with the display panel in which the first alignment film and the second alignment film are not subjected to the rubbing treatment.
In some embodiments, the cell gap is also filled with a photopolymer.
Referring to fig. 12, a cell gap of a single liquid crystal cell display panel is filled with chiral additive, second colored dye and photopolymer, and the cell gap is a reflectance and contrast curve at different thicknesses, wherein the mass ratio of negative liquid crystal filled in the cell gap is 93.73%; the mass ratio of the chiral additive R1011 is 0.4%; the mass ratio of the first colored dye and the second colored dye S428 is 4%; the mass ratio of the photopolymer RM257 is 1.7%; the mass ratio of the photoinitiator 1819 is 0.17%; the thickness of the cell gap was 3 μm, 4 μm and 5 μm, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 12, the smaller the thickness of the cell gap, the higher the reflectivity of the display panel in the initial state, and the higher the low-state reflectivity (the reflectivity in the antiglare state) of the display panel; the smaller the thickness of the cell gap, the lower the contrast of the display panel, and the filled photopolymer in the cell gap can improve the contrast of the display panel.
According to the display panel provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the guest-host liquid crystal is adopted, or the chiral additive is further filled in the guest-host liquid crystal, the guest-host liquid crystal is initially oriented through the first orientation film and the second orientation film, and the guest-host liquid crystal rotates under the action of an electric field formed between the first electrode and the second electrode and under the auxiliary orientation action of the first orientation film and the second orientation film, so that the light reflectivity of the display panel in the initial state without power-up is more than 50% and the better anti-dazzle effect in power-up can be realized, and when the display panel is used as a rearview mirror, the anti-dazzle mode of the rearview mirror can realize millisecond anti-dazzle response, so that the braking distance can be effectively reduced, the safety is high, and meanwhile, the display panel does not need to adopt a polaroid, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a rearview mirror including the display panel in the above embodiments.
By adopting the display panel in the embodiment, the rearview mirror can realize millisecond anti-dazzle response, so that the braking distance of traffic equipment provided with the rearview mirror is reduced, and the safety of the traffic equipment is ensured; meanwhile, the cost of the rearview mirror of the traffic equipment is reduced.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a traffic device including the rearview mirror of the above embodiments.
By adopting the rearview mirror in the embodiment, the traffic equipment can realize millisecond anti-dazzle response, the braking distance of the traffic equipment is reduced, and the safety of the traffic equipment is ensured; meanwhile, the cost of the rearview mirror of the traffic equipment is reduced.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments employed to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the disclosure, and are also considered to be within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (16)
- A display panel, comprising: a reflective layer and a first liquid crystal cell;the first liquid crystal box comprises a first substrate and a second substrate; the first substrate and the second substrate are combined to form a cell gap;the first liquid crystal cell further comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a first alignment film and a second alignment film;the first electrode and the first orientation film are arranged on one side of the first substrate, which is close to the second substrate, and are sequentially far away from the first substrate to be stacked;the second electrode and the second orientation film are arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the first substrate and are sequentially far away from the second substrate to be overlapped;the reflecting layer is positioned on one side of the first orientation film, which is away from the second substrate;the cell gap is filled with a negative liquid crystal and a first colored dye.
- The display panel of claim 1, wherein the cell gap is further filled with a chiral additive.
- The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the orientation directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are parallel to each other.
- The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the orientation directions of the first orientation film and the second orientation film are orthogonal to each other.
- The display panel according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the chiral additive has a concentration c < K33/(2 dHTP-K22);wherein, K22 and K33 are the elastic modulus of the liquid crystal; d is the thickness of the cell gap; HTP is the twist constant of chiral additives.
- The display panel of claim 5, wherein the chiral additive is present in an amount such that liquid crystal rotates to form a pitch that is 100-200 times the cell gap thickness.
- The display panel of claim 2, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are each a face electrode;the first electrode is multiplexed as the reflective layer; or, the reflective layer is located at a side of the first substrate away from the second substrate.
- The display panel of claim 3, further comprising a second liquid crystal cell, the second liquid crystal cell being identical in structure to the first liquid crystal cell;the second liquid crystal box is positioned on one side of the second substrate, far away from the first substrate, in the first liquid crystal box, and the second liquid crystal box and the first liquid crystal box are mutually overlapped;the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the second liquid crystal cell is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the first liquid crystal cell.
- The display panel of claim 8, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode in the second liquid crystal cell are made of a light-transmitting material;the second electrode in the first liquid crystal box is made of a light-transmitting material;the reflecting layer is positioned on one side of the first substrate, which is away from the second substrate, in the first liquid crystal box, and the first electrode in the first liquid crystal box is made of a light-transmitting material;alternatively, the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is multiplexed as the reflective layer, and the first electrode in the first liquid crystal cell is made of an opaque material.
- The display panel of claim 2, wherein the cell gap is further filled with a second colored dye.
- The display panel of claim 10, wherein the second colored dye is present in the cell gap filler in a mass ratio in the range of 0-1%.
- The display panel of claim 10, wherein the second colored dye is present in the cell gap filler in a mass ratio in the range of 0.3-0.5%.
- The display panel according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the first colored dye is any one of azo, anthraquinone, naphthalimide;the second colored dye adopts any one or more of azo, anthraquinone and naphthalimide.
- The display panel of claim 10, wherein the cell gap is further filled with a photopolymer.
- A rearview mirror comprising the display panel of any one of claims 1-14.
- A traffic device comprising the rearview mirror of claim 15.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2022/108877 WO2024020996A1 (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Display panel, rearview mirror, and traffic equipment |
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| CN117882001A true CN117882001A (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| CN202280002446.0A Pending CN117882001A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Display panel, rearview mirror and traffic equipment |
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| WO (1) | WO2024020996A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS59111102A (en) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-06-27 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Glare shielding type reflecting mirror |
| EP2515164A4 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2013-05-22 | Sody Co Ltd | Lcd light-reducing apparatus, and vehicle smart mirror using same |
| JP5513916B2 (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2014-06-04 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Liquid crystal display element |
| CN105652550B (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2019-03-01 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Liquid crystal compound, light cut-off parts and preparation method thereof and display device |
| CN114200722A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-03-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN113311625A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-08-27 | 合肥工业大学 | Polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal color-changing glass and preparation method and application thereof |
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