CN117878429A - A battery and a battery design method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a battery and a battery design method, which belong to the technical field of batteries, wherein the battery comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate, electrolyte and a diaphragm; the battery satisfies the following conditions: q=100×s× (1+100×w) × (1+50×c) ×b/SQRT (a)/(d50+p+e); the battery satisfies the following conditions: when Q is more than or equal to 200, the charging time of the full battery is as follows: t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10min; when 100 < Q < 200, the charging time is: t is more than or equal to 10min and less than or equal to 15min; when Q is more than 50 and less than or equal to 100, the charging time is as follows: t is more than or equal to 15min and less than or equal to 30min; when Q is more than 20 and less than or equal to 50, the charging time is as follows: t is more than or equal to 30min and less than or equal to 90min; when Q is less than or equal to 20, the charging time is as follows: t is more than or equal to 90min. In this way, the battery charge rate can be evaluated simply and quickly by designing the constants, thereby shortening the battery design period and the verification period.

Description

A battery and a battery design method

Technical Field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery and a battery design method.

Background technique

As people's quality of life improves, they have higher and higher requirements for the fast charging performance of various electronic devices. With the country's strong support for new energy vehicles, fast charging has also become an important measurement indicator in the field of electric vehicles. In the power battery system, the main factors that determine the speed of its charging rate are the physical and chemical properties of the negative electrode active materials and the technical parameters of the negative electrode design, including the surface density, compaction, size, etc. of the electrode, the conductivity of the electrolyte, and the amount of conductive agent added to the slurry; relatively speaking, the positive electrode active materials have little effect on the battery charging rate.

At present, in order to achieve the required charging rate of the battery, it usually takes a lot of time to select materials, adjust battery design parameters and conduct battery testing and verification, which leads to a long battery development cycle and extends the battery mass production cycle.

Summary of the invention

The embodiments of the present application provide a battery to solve the technical problem that a lot of time is spent on material design and selection, adjustment of battery design parameters and battery testing and verification in the prior art, which leads to a long battery development cycle and extends the battery mass production cycle; the embodiments of the present application also provide a battery design method.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a battery is provided, comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, an electrolyte and a separator;

The design constant Q of the battery is Q=100×S×(1+100×W)×(1+50×C)×B÷SQRT(A)÷(D50+P+E); wherein D50 represents the median particle size of the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode plate, in μm; S represents the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material, in cm ² /g; W represents the coating residual carbon value of the negative electrode active material, in %; C represents the proportion of the added amount of the conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode plate, in %; A represents the size area of the negative electrode plate, in cm ² ; P represents the compaction density of the negative electrode plate, in g/cm ³ ; E represents the surface density of the coating on the negative electrode plate, in g/cm ² ; B represents the conductivity of the electrolyte in the battery, in mS/cm;

The battery meets the following requirements:

When Q≥200, the charging time t required for the battery to be fully charged is: 0≤t≤10min;

When 100＜Q＜200, the charging time t is: 10min≤t≤15min;

When 50＜Q≤100, the charging time t is: 15min≤t≤30min;

When 20＜Q≤50, the charging time t is: 30min≤t≤90min;

When Q≤20, the charging time t is: 90min≤t.

In combination with the first aspect, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

a) 5μm≤D50≤19μm;

b) 0.8 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 2.5 cm ² /g;

c) 0≤W≤15%;

d) 0.3%≤C≤3%;

e) 10cm ² ≤ A ≤ 1000cm ² ;

f) 1.35g/cm ³ ≤ P ≤ 1.75g/cm ³ ;

g) 6g/ ^{cm2≤E≤15g} / ^cm2 ;

h) 8mS/cm≤B≤20mS/cm.

In combination with the first aspect, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

i) 8μm≤D50≤12μm;

j) 1.0 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 1.8 cm ² /g;

k) 1%≤W≤5%;

l) 0.5%≤C≤1.5%;

m) 50cm ² ≤ A ≤ 500cm ² ;

n) 1.45g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.65g/cm ³ ;

o) 8g/ ^{cm2≤E≤11g} / ^cm2 ;

p) 9mS/cm≤B≤13mS/cm.

In combination with the first aspect, the negative electrode active material includes one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, secondary carbon microbeads, and silicon-based materials.

In combination with the first aspect, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent, the lithium salt includes one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium perchlorate, and the organic solvent includes one or more of cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, and carboxylates.

In a second aspect, a battery design method is provided, comprising:

Designing a positive electrode plate, wherein the mass ratio of the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent and the binder in the positive electrode plate is 95:2.5:2.5;

Determine the design parameters of the negative electrode sheet, and design the negative electrode sheet based on the design parameters; the design parameters include: median particle size D50 of the negative active material of the negative electrode sheet, in μm; specific surface area S of the negative active material, in cm ² /g; residual carbon value W of the coating of the negative active material, in %; proportion C of the amount of conductive agent added in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode sheet, in %; size area A of the negative electrode sheet, in cm ² ; compaction density P of the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ³ ; surface density E of the coating on the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ² ; conductivity B of the electrolyte in the battery, in mS/cm;

The battery is designed based on the positive electrode plate, the separator, the negative electrode plate, the design parameters and the electrolyte, and the design constant Q of the battery is Q=100×S×(1+100×W)×(1+50×C)×B÷SQRT(A)÷(D50+P+E);

The battery meets the following requirements:

When Q≥200, the charging time t required for the battery to be fully charged is: 0≤t≤10min;

When 100＜Q＜200, the charging time t is: 10min≤t≤15min;

When 50＜Q≤100, the charging time t is: 15min≤t≤30min;

When 20＜Q≤50, the charging time t is: 30min≤t≤90min;

When Q≤20, the charging time t is: t≥90min.

In conjunction with the second aspect, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

a) 5μm≤D50≤19μm;

b) 0.8 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 2.5 cm ² /g;

c) 0≤W≤15%;

d) 0.3%≤C≤3%;

e) 10cm ² ≤ A ≤ 1000cm ² ;

f) 1.35g/cm ³ ≤ P ≤ 1.75g/cm ³ ;

g) 6g/ ^{cm2≤E≤15g} / ^cm2 ;

h) 8mS/cm≤B≤20mS/cm.

In conjunction with the second aspect, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

i) 8μm≤D50≤12μm;

j) 1.0 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 1.8 cm ² /g;

k) 1%≤W≤5%;

l) 0.5%≤C≤1.5%;

m) 50cm ² ≤ A ≤ 500cm ² ;

n) 1.45g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.65g/cm ³ ;

o) 8g/ ^{cm2≤E≤11g} / ^cm2 ;

p) 9mS/cm≤B≤13mS/cm.

In combination with the second aspect, the negative electrode active material includes one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, secondary carbon microbeads, and silicon-based materials.

In combination with the second aspect, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent, the lithium salt includes one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium perchlorate, and the organic solvent includes one or more of cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, and carboxylates.

One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

Compared with the prior art, the battery provided by the present application comprises: a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and an electrolyte, the positive electrode sheet and the electrolyte are in contact, and the negative electrode sheet and the electrolyte are in contact; the battery satisfies: Q=100×S×(1+100×W)×(1+50×C)×B÷SQRT(A)÷(D50+P+E), wherein Q is a design constant of the battery, D50 represents the median particle size of the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode sheet, in μm; S represents the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material, in cm ² /g; W represents the coating residual carbon value of the negative electrode active material, in %; C represents the proportion of the added amount of the conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode sheet, in %; A represents the size area of the negative electrode sheet, in cm ² ; P represents the compaction density of the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ³ ; E represents the surface density of the coating on the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ² ; B represents the conductivity of the electrolyte in the battery, in units of mS/cm; the battery satisfies: when Q ≥ 200, the charging time t required to fully charge the battery is: 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 min; when 100 < Q < 200, the charging time t is: 10 min ≤ t ≤ 15 min; when 50 < Q ≤ 100, the charging time t is: 15 min ≤ t ≤ 30 min; when 20 < Q ≤ 50, the charging time t is: 30 min ≤ t ≤ 90 min; when Q ≤ 20, the charging time t is: t ≥ 90 min. In this way, the charging rate of the battery can be determined simply and quickly by designing constants, thereby greatly shortening the battery design cycle and verification cycle.

It can be understood that the battery design method provided in the present application has all the technical features and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned batteries, which will not be repeated here.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application.

As used herein, unless otherwise specified, "a", "an", "the", "at least one" and "one or more" and the absence of quantifiers are used interchangeably. Unless otherwise specified herein, the use of the singular form herein is intended to include the plural form.

In the description of this article, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, “above” and “below” do not include the number itself, and “multiple” in “one or more” means two or more.

Where a composition is described as comprising or including specific components, it is contemplated that optional components not described herein are not excluded from the composition, and that the composition may be composed of or consist of the components described, or where a method is described as comprising or including specific process steps, it is contemplated that optional process steps not described herein are not excluded from the method, and that the method may be composed of or consist of the process steps described.

For simplicity, only some numerical ranges are explicitly disclosed herein. However, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form an unambiguous range; and any lower limit can be combined with other lower limits to form an unambiguous range, and any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to form an unambiguous range. In addition, although not explicitly stated, each point or single value between the range endpoints is included in the range. Thus, each point or single value can be combined with any other point or single value as its own lower limit or upper limit or with other lower limits or upper limits to form an unambiguous range.

The terms "preferred" and "preferably" refer to embodiments of the present application that may provide certain benefits in certain circumstances. However, other embodiments may also be preferred under the same or other circumstances. In addition, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not mean that other embodiments are not applicable, and is not intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, an electrolyte and a separator;

The battery meets:

Q = 100 × S × (1 + 100 × W) × (1 + 50 × C) × B ÷ SQRT (A) ÷ (D50 + P + E),

Among them, Q is the design constant of the battery, D50 represents the median particle size of the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode sheet, in μm; S represents the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material, in ^cm2 /g; W represents the coating residual carbon value of the negative electrode active material, in %; C represents the proportion of the added conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode sheet, in %; A represents the size area of the negative electrode sheet, in ^cm2 ; SQRT is Square Root Calculations; P represents the compaction density of the negative electrode sheet, in g/ ^cm3 ; E represents the surface density of the coating on the negative electrode sheet, in g/ ^cm2 ; B represents the conductivity of the electrolyte in the battery, in mS/cm.

In some embodiments, the design constants satisfy:

When Q ≥ 200, the charging time t required to fully charge the battery satisfies: 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 min;

When 100＜Q＜200, the charging time t satisfies: 10min≤t≤15min;

When 50＜Q≤100, the charging time t satisfies: 15min≤t≤30min;

When 20＜Q≤50, the charging time t satisfies: 30min≤t≤90min;

When Q≤20, the charging time t satisfies: 90min≤t;

Specifically, among the above design constants, the median particle size D50, specific surface area S, coated residual carbon value W, surface density E and compaction density P of the negative electrode active material directly affect the kinetic performance of the battery. Among them, the smaller the particle size of the median particle size D50, the larger the specific surface area S, the larger the coated residual carbon value W, the shorter the lithium ion migration path, the more lithium insertion paths, and the better the kinetic performance of the battery; the smaller the surface density E of the negative electrode sheet, the smaller the compaction density P, the less negative electrode active material coated on the current collector, the shorter the lithium ion migration path during battery charging and discharging, and the better the kinetic performance of the lithium ion battery; the larger the surface density E of the negative electrode sheet, the larger the compaction density P, the worse the electrolyte wettability of the negative electrode sheet, the electrolyte cannot fully infiltrate the negative electrode active material, and then the interface charge transfer impedance between the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte is larger, which is not conducive to improving the battery charging capacity. The more the proportion C of the conductive agent added in the negative electrode slurry, the greater the electrolyte conductivity B, and the better the battery kinetic performance.

In this way, the battery charging rate can be simply and quickly evaluated by designing constants, thereby greatly shortening the battery design and verification cycle.

In some embodiments, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

a) 5μm≤D50≤19μm;

b) 0.8 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 2.5 cm ² /g;

c) 0≤W≤15%;

d) 0.3%≤C≤3%;

e) 10cm ² ≤ A ≤ 1000cm ² ;

f) 1.35g/cm ³ ≤ P ≤ 1.75g/cm ³ ;

g) 6g/ ^{cm2≤E≤15g} / ^cm2 ;

h) 8mS/cm≤B≤20mS/cm.

Preferably, in some embodiments, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

i) 8μm≤D50≤12μm;

j) 1.0 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 1.8 cm ² /g;

k) 1%≤W≤5%;

l) 0.5%≤C≤1.5%;

m) 50cm ² ≤ A ≤ 500cm ² ;

n) 1.45g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.65g/cm ³ ;

o) 8g/ ^{cm2≤E≤11g} / ^cm2 ;

p) 9mS/cm≤B≤13mS/cm.

In some embodiments, the negative electrode active material includes one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, secondary carbon microbeads, and silicon-based materials.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent, the lithium salt includes one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium perchlorate, and the organic solvent includes one or more of cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate, and carboxylate.

In addition, the types of conductive agent and binder in the negative electrode slurry are not subject to specific restrictions and can be selected according to actual needs.

Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery design method, including:

The positive electrode sheet is designed, and the mass ratio of the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent and the binder in the positive electrode sheet is 95:2.5:2.5. It should be noted that the type of positive electrode active material in this application is not limited and can be selected according to actual needs.

Determine the design parameters of the negative electrode sheet, and design the negative electrode sheet based on the design parameters; the design parameters include: median particle size D50 of the negative active material of the negative electrode sheet, in μm; specific surface area S of the negative active material, in cm ² /g; coating residual carbon value W of the negative active material, in %; proportion C of the added amount of the conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode sheet, in %; size area A of the negative electrode sheet, in cm ² ; compaction density P of the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ³ ; surface density E of the coating on the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ² ; conductivity B of the electrolyte in the battery, in mS/cm.

The battery is designed based on the positive electrode sheet, the separator, the negative electrode sheet, the design parameters and the electrolyte, and the battery meets the following requirements:

Q = 100 × S × (1 + 100 × W) × (1 + 50 × C) × B ÷ SQRT (A) ÷ (D50 + P + E),

Where Q is the design constant of the battery.

In some embodiments, the design constants satisfy:

When Q ≥ 200, the charging time t required to fully charge the battery satisfies: 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 min;

When 100＜Q＜200, the charging time t satisfies: 10min≤t≤15min;

When 50＜Q≤100, the charging time t satisfies: 15min≤t≤30min;

When 20＜Q≤50, the charging time t satisfies: 30min≤t≤90min;

When Q≤20, the charging time t satisfies: 90min≤t.

Specifically, among the above design parameters, the median particle size D50, specific surface area S, coated residual carbon value W, surface density E and compaction density P of the negative electrode active material directly affect the kinetic performance of the battery. Among them, the smaller the particle size of the median particle size D50, the larger the specific surface area S, the larger the coated residual carbon value W, the shorter the lithium ion migration path, the more lithium insertion paths, and the better the kinetic performance of the battery; the smaller the surface density E of the negative electrode sheet, the smaller the compaction density P, the less negative electrode active material coated on the current collector, the shorter the lithium ion migration path during battery charging and discharging, and the better the kinetic performance of the lithium ion battery; the larger the surface density E of the negative electrode sheet, the larger the compaction density P, the worse the electrolyte wettability of the negative electrode sheet, the electrolyte cannot fully infiltrate the negative electrode active material, and then the interface charge transfer impedance between the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte is larger, which is not conducive to improving the battery charging capacity. The more the proportion C of the conductive agent added in the negative electrode slurry, the greater the electrolyte conductivity B, and the better the battery kinetic performance.

In this way, the battery charging rate can be simply and quickly evaluated by designing constants, thereby greatly shortening the battery design and verification cycle.

In some embodiments, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

a) 5μm≤D50≤19μm;

b) 0.8 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 2.5 cm ² /g;

c) 0≤W≤15%;

d) 0.3%≤C≤3%;

e) 10cm ² ≤ A ≤ 1000cm ² ;

f) 1.35g/cm ³ ≤ P ≤ 1.75g/cm ³ ;

g) 6g/ ^{cm2≤E≤15g} / ^cm2 ;

h) 8mS/cm≤B≤20mS/cm.

Preferably, in some embodiments, the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

i) 8μm≤D50≤12μm;

j) 1.0 cm ^{2 /} g ≤ S ≤ 1.8 cm ² /g;

k) 1%≤W≤5%;

l) 0.5%≤C≤1.5%;

m) 50cm ² ≤ A ≤ 500cm ² ;

n) 1.45g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.65g/cm ³ ;

o) 8g/ ^{cm2≤E≤11g} / ^cm2 ;

p) 9mS/cm≤B≤13mS/cm.

In some embodiments, the negative electrode active material includes one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, secondary carbon microbeads, and silicon-based materials.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt and an organic solvent, the lithium salt includes one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium perchlorate, and the organic solvent includes one or more of cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate, and carboxylate.

In addition, the types of conductive agent and binder in the negative electrode slurry are not subject to specific restrictions and can be selected according to actual needs.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiments.

Example

The following examples describe the disclosure of the present application in more detail, and these examples are intended for illustrative purposes only, as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made within the scope of the disclosure of the present application. Unless otherwise stated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the following examples are by weight, and all reagents used in the examples are commercially available or synthesized according to conventional methods and can be used directly without further processing, and the instruments used in the examples are commercially available.

1. Based on the above battery design method of the present application, a battery for the embodiment is prepared, including:

1) Preparing positive electrode sheets; specifically, the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 95:2.5:2.5, and a solvent N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) is added, and the mixture is stirred to a uniform state under the action of a vacuum mixer to obtain a positive electrode slurry; the positive electrode slurry is uniformly coated on the positive electrode collector, dried in an oven, and then rolled and cut into pieces according to the designed size to obtain a positive electrode sheet.

2) preparing negative electrode sheets; based on the above design parameters, the selected negative electrode active material, conductive agent, thickener carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and binder styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) are mixed in a certain mass ratio, deionized water is added, and stirred until uniform under the action of a vacuum mixer to obtain negative electrode slurry; the negative electrode slurry is evenly coated on the negative electrode collector, dried in an oven, and then rolled and cut according to the designed size area A to obtain negative electrode sheets.

3) The diaphragm is polyethylene (PE) diaphragm;

4) Prepare the battery; stack the positive electrode sheet, separator and negative electrode sheet in order, and wind or stack them to obtain a bare cell; place the bare cell in an outer packaging shell, vacuum dry it and inject electrolyte, and obtain a battery after vacuum packaging, standing, forming, capacity division and other processes.

5) Three-electrode production:

After being soaked in acid and rinsed in alcohol, the copper wire is implanted into the electrode group after lamination and hot pressing. After top and side sealing, liquid injection, and pre-charging, the battery is nickel-strip welded, and then the battery is lithium-transferred, and then the three-electrode charging capacity test is carried out.

2. Determine the actual value of the design parameters in the battery:

The particle size distribution of the negative electrode active material was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter (Malvern 3000) to obtain the median particle size D50; the specific surface area S of the negative electrode active material was measured using a specific surface area meter (Beijing Best 3H-2000A); the coating residual carbon value W of the negative electrode active material was tested by a thermal gravimetric test; the negative electrode plate size, surface density, and compaction density were calculated based on the actual values of the plate; the electrolyte conductivity B was tested using a conductivity tester.

The actual values of the design parameters of Examples 1 to 33, the calculation results of the design constant Q, and the test results of the three-electrode 0-100 SOC charging time are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

In Table 1, D50 represents the median particle size of the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode sheet in the battery, in μm; S represents the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material, in cm ² /g; W represents the coating residual carbon value of the negative electrode active material, in %; C represents the proportion of the added conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode sheet, in %; A represents the size area of the negative electrode sheet, in cm ² ; P represents the compaction density of the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ³ ; E represents the surface density of the coating on the negative electrode sheet, in g/cm ² ; B represents the conductivity of the electrolyte in the battery, in mS/cm.

As can be seen from Table 1 above, the charging rate of the battery designed in this application is closely related to the calculated value of Q, that is, the charging rate of the battery is determined according to the design constant Q = 100 × S × (1 + 100 × W) × (1 + 50 × C) × B ÷ SQRT (A) ÷ (D50 + P + E), where:

When Q ≥ 200, the charging time t required to fully charge the battery satisfies: 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 min;

When 100＜Q＜200, the charging time t satisfies: 10min≤t≤15min;

When 50＜Q≤100, the charging time t satisfies: 15min≤t≤30min;

When 20＜Q≤50, the charging time t satisfies: 30min≤t≤90min;

When Q≤20, the charging time t satisfies: 90min≤t.

This application can simply and quickly evaluate the battery charging rate by designing constants, thereby greatly shortening the battery design cycle and verification cycle.

The design constants of the present application are suitable for lithium-ion batteries of all designs. Therefore, those skilled in the art can quickly determine the charging rate of the designed battery based on the relationship between the above design constants and the charging rate.

The above is a detailed introduction to a battery and a battery design method provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The battery is characterized by comprising a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, electrolyte and a diaphragm;

the design constant Q of the battery is q=100×s× (1+100×w) × (1+50×c) ×b ≡sqrt (a) ≡d50+p+e); wherein D50 represents the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the negative electrode plate, and the unit is mu m; s represents the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material, in cm ² /g; w represents the coating carbon residue value of the negative electrode active material in units; c represents the addition amount of the conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode plate in units; a represents the size and the area of the negative electrode plate, and is a singlePosition cm ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the P represents the compacted density of the negative electrode plate, and the unit is g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the E represents the surface density of the coating film on the negative electrode plate, and the unit is g/cm ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the B represents the conductivity of the electrolyte in the battery, in mS/cm;

the battery satisfies the following conditions:

when Q is more than or equal to 200, the charging time t required by the full charge of the battery is as follows: t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10min;

when 100 < Q < 200, the charging time t is: t is more than or equal to 10min and less than or equal to 15min;

when Q is more than 50 and less than or equal to 100, the charging time t is as follows: t is more than or equal to 15min and less than or equal to 30min;

when Q is more than 20 and less than or equal to 50, the charging time t is as follows: t is more than or equal to 30min and less than or equal to 90min;

when Q is less than or equal to 20, the charging time t is as follows: t is more than or equal to 90min.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

a）5μm≤D50≤19μm；

b）0.8cm ² /g≤S≤2.5cm ² /g；

c）0≤W≤15%；

d）0.3%≤C≤3%；

e）10cm ² ≤A≤1000cm ² ；

f）1.35g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.75g/cm ³ ；

g）6g/cm ² ≤E≤15g/cm ² ；

h）8mS/cm≤B≤20mS/cm。

3. the battery of claim 2, wherein the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

i）8μm≤D50≤12μm；

j）1.0cm ² /g≤S≤1.8cm ² /g；

k）1%≤W≤5%；

l）0.5%≤C≤1.5%；

m）50cm ² ≤A≤500cm ² ；

n）1.45g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.65g/cm ³ ；

o）8g/cm ² ≤E≤11g/cm ² ；

p）9mS/cm≤B≤13mS/cm。

4. the battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode active material comprises one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, zhong Tanwei beads, and a silicon-based material.

5. The battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt and an organic solvent, the lithium salt comprises one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium perchlorate, and the organic solvent comprises one or more of cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate and carboxylate.

6. A battery design method, comprising:

designing a positive electrode plate, wherein the mass ratio of a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent and a binder in the positive electrode plate is 95:2.5:2.5;

determining design parameters of a negative electrode plate, and designing the negative electrode plate based on the design parameters; the design parameters include: the median particle diameter D50 of the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode plate is unit mu m; the specific surface area S of the negative electrode active material is in cm ² /g; the coating carbon residue value W of the anode active material is in units; the addition amount of the conductive agent in the negative electrode slurry of the negative electrode plate accounts for the unit of C; the size area A of the negative electrode plate is in unit cm ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The compaction density P of the negative electrode plate is in g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The surface density E of the coating film on the negative electrode plate is in g/cm ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The conductivity B of the electrolyte in the battery is in mS/cm;

designing a battery based on the positive electrode tab, separator, negative electrode tab, design parameter, and electrolyte, and a design constant Q of the battery is q=100×s× (1+100×w) × (1+50×c) ×b ≡sqrt (a) ≡d50+p+e);

the battery satisfies the following conditions:

when Q is more than or equal to 200, the charging time t required by the full charge of the battery is as follows: t is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10min;

when 100 < Q < 200, the charging time t is: t is more than or equal to 10min and less than or equal to 15min;

when Q is more than 50 and less than or equal to 100, the charging time t is as follows: t is more than or equal to 15min and less than or equal to 30min;

when Q is more than 20 and less than or equal to 50, the charging time t is as follows: t is more than or equal to 30min and less than or equal to 90min;

when Q is less than or equal to 20, the charging time t is as follows: t is more than or equal to 90min.

7. The battery design method according to claim 6, wherein the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

a）5μm≤D50≤19μm；

b）0.8cm ² /g≤S≤2.5cm ² /g；

c）0≤W≤15%；

d）0.3%≤C≤3%；

e）10cm ² ≤A≤1000cm ² ；

f）1.35g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.75g/cm ³ ；

g）6g/cm ² ≤E≤15g/cm ² ；

h）8mS/cm≤B≤20mS/cm。

8. the battery design method according to claim 7, wherein the battery satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

i）8μm≤D50≤12μm；

j）1.0cm ² /g≤S≤1.8cm ² /g；

k）1%≤W≤5%；

l）0.5%≤C≤1.5%；

m）50cm ² ≤A≤500cm ² ；

n）1.45g/cm ³ ≤P≤1.65g/cm ³ ；

o）8g/cm ² ≤E≤11g/cm ² ；

p）9mS/cm≤B≤13mS/cm。

9. the battery design method according to claim 6, wherein the negative electrode active material comprises one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, zhong Tanwei beads, and a silicon-based material.

10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a lithium salt and an organic solvent, the lithium salt comprises one or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium perchlorate, and the organic solvent comprises one or more of cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate and carboxylic ester.