CN117871030A - Wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device and experimental method based on impulse box wave making method - Google Patents
Wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device and experimental method based on impulse box wave making method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device and method based on a surge tank wave making method, and belongs to the field of ship and ocean engineering experiments. The problem that the existing scheme cannot meet the requirements of wind wave, current, sea ice coupling experiments is solved. The experimental device comprises a wind generating system, a wave generating system, a flow generating system and a wave absorbing device, wherein the wind generating system and the wave generating system are arranged outside the same side of the slender ice water tank, the wave absorbing devices are arranged on two sides of the inside of the slender ice water tank, the flow generating system is arranged in the center of the slender ice water tank along the length direction, the flow generating system comprises a jet flow main pipe, a flow separation plate and two bidirectional flow generating pumps, the number of the two bidirectional flow generating pumps is two, and the two bidirectional flow generating pumps are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the flow separation plate. The method is mainly used for wind wave and sea ice coupling experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ship and ocean engineering experiments, and particularly relates to a wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device and method based on a surge tank wave making method.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual ablation of sea ice, polar research is increasingly gaining attention at home and abroad. The polar region is reserved for more than 22% of oil and natural gas worldwide, and is an important energy source and resource base in the future. In addition, the development of the north pole channel reduces the range by at least 1/3, greatly reduces the shipping time and improves the shipping efficiency. In order to develop arctic resources and develop arctic channels, the research and development forces on polar navigation ships and floating structures are increased in various countries. The extremely extreme loading environmental conditions also cause a number of complex mechanical problems, and compared with the conventional sea area, the extremely specific sea ice loading research is particularly important, the average thickness of the arctic sea ice can reach 3 meters, and great difficulty is brought to polar navigation bodies and equipment. To improve the transportation efficiency of polar equipment. The problems of sea ice damage and structural response caused by coupling of wind wave load and sea ice in the ocean are urgent to study.
Sea ice encountered in the ice breaking navigation of polar ships is classified into flat ice and deformed ice according to the surface characteristics thereof. The civil ship is mainly applicable to ice layers. In order to improve the ice breaking efficiency of the arctic channel business ship and further improve the economic benefit, the development and the utilization of the arctic channel are promoted, and the research on the layer ice cannot be ignored.
In the prior related research, a test device for observing the dynamic response of the ice layer under the coupling condition of simulating wind, wave and sea ice in an elongated ice water tank does not exist. The square ice chest typically has a flow-making area within only 1/2-1/3 of the width of the chest, allowing for backflow of ocean currents generated by the flow-making machine in the non-flow-making area and pivoting of the experimental distal end, as shown in fig. 13. For elongated long towing tanks, the flow-making area is usually equal to or slightly smaller than the tank width, and the conventional long towing tank cannot meet the requirements of the stormy waves, currents, sea ice coupling experiments.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN114910249A discloses a dynamic coupling experimental device for wind wave flow and sea ice and a drift accumulation experimental method for sea ice, which mainly aims at observing the dynamic response of a marine engineering structure under the condition of coupling the wind wave flow and the sea ice in a square water tank. The adopted flow-making mode is a conventional external circulation flow-making method, and is not suitable for flow making of an elongated ice water tank. It is difficult to simulate the coupling of actual waves and currents by adopting the mode of wave making by the rocking plate. And the test object is mainly used for analyzing the drift and accumulation of crushed ice, and is not suitable for damage fracture analysis of large-size sea ice.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a wave and sea ice coupling experimental device and method based on a surge tank wave-making method, so as to solve the problem that the existing scheme cannot meet the requirements of the wave and sea ice coupling experiment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a stormy waves and sea ice coupling experimental apparatus based on case wave method, it includes wind system, wave system, the system of making that makes and wave device that makes, wind system and wave system all set up the outside in the same one side of slender ice chest, slender ice chest inside both sides all are provided with wave device that makes, the system of making sets up at slender ice chest central authorities along length direction, the system of making includes jet manifold, baffle and two-way pump that makes, two-way pump quantity that makes is two, and two-way pump that make set up respectively in the left and right sides of baffle, and every two-way pump that makes flow mouth all is located the upper and lower both sides of baffle, every make the mouth of two-way pump all connect a jet manifold, wave system is the case wave generator, the case of case wave generator is located the top of two-way pumps that make.
Furthermore, the spray header pipe is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles.
Further, each of the orifices of the bi-directional flow pump is connected to the main jet flow conduit by a flow conduit.
Further, the flushing box is connected with the driving motor through a plurality of connecting rods.
Further, the driving motor is connected with the top end of the support, and the bottom end of the support is connected with the outside of the slender ice water pond.
Still further, the wind making system includes fan, double-direction-adjusting grille and adjustable fan base, fan and double-direction-adjusting grille are all installed on adjustable fan base, double-direction-adjusting grille sets up in fan air outlet the place ahead, adjustable fan base links to each other with long and thin formula ice water pond.
Still further, the dual-direction grille comprises a longitudinal angle adjuster, a plurality of longitudinal blades, a transverse angle adjuster and a plurality of transverse blades, wherein the plurality of transverse blades are connected with the transverse angle adjuster, and the plurality of longitudinal blades are connected with the longitudinal angle adjuster.
Still further, the wave absorbing device includes bottom slide rail, vertical slide rail, pulley and wave absorbing plate, the bottom slide rail links to each other with long and thin formula ice water pond bottom surface, vertical slide rail links to each other with long and thin formula ice water pond lateral wall, the both sides of wave absorbing plate link to each other with bottom slide rail and vertical slide rail through the pulley respectively.
Further, the wave absorbing plate is made of a composite material, and the bottom sliding rail and the vertical sliding rail are made of alloy steel.
The invention also provides an experimental method of the wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device based on the impulse box wave-making method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing an experimental device, wherein the uppermost side of the flow generating system is between 10cm away from the still water surface;
step 2: placing layer ice, wherein the thickness of the layer ice is 5mm, and the left side of the layer ice is 1.5-2.5m away from the rightmost side which can be reached by the punch case;
step 3: starting an air making system, and adjusting left and right wind directions, an up and down wind direction, wherein the wind speed is 2-10m/s;
step 4: opening two bidirectional flow-making pumps, respectively pushing and sucking the flow by the two bidirectional flow-making pumps to generate a flow direction which is the same as or opposite to the wave direction, rotating the water flow clockwise or anticlockwise around the flow-separating plate to form internal circulation water flow, adjusting the power of the bidirectional flow-making pumps, controlling the flow speed to be between 0.02 and 0.2m/s, and simulating a polar flow field;
step 5: starting a wave-making system, adjusting the power and the intensity of the wave-making system, further controlling the wave height and the wavelength, controlling the wave height to be within 0.1m and the wavelength to be between 1.5 and 2 m;
step 6: adjusting the wave-absorbing device until at least 85% of the waves are removed;
step 7: recording experimental data, collecting experimental images, and observing the fracture length and the damage form of the layer ice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device and method suitable for an elongated ice water tank. The wind-making wave-making device can make wind and wave by means of a wind-making system and a flushing box wave-making machine, and can make flow by means of an internal circulation flow-making system, so that the coupling of wind wave flow and sea ice in the ice water tank is completed, and the dynamic response of the sea ice structure is observed.
The method has the specific advantages that:
1. fills the blank of the dynamic response device of the ice on the lower layer under the coupling condition of simulated stormy waves and sea ice in the existing slender ice water tank.
2. The internal circulation current generation is adopted, so that the uniformity and continuity of the ocean current in the experiment can be ensured, and the influence of the outside of the ice water pond is reduced.
3. The internal circulation flow making adopts a bidirectional flow pushing pump, so that bidirectional flow making can be realized, and various working conditions can be simulated.
4. The internal circulation flow making is adopted, the flow separation plate is utilized to realize the up-and-down circulation flow making, the required space is smaller, the defect that the existing lateral circulation flow making is only applicable to square ice water tanks is overcome, and the problem of inconvenience in flow making of the slender ice water tanks is solved.
5. By adopting a wave-making mode of the flushing box, waves on the upper layer of the flow separation plate can be reserved, mutual interference and coupling between waves and flows under actual conditions are simulated, and experimental errors are reduced.
6. The wind making system adopts a detachable double-direction-adjusting grille, is convenient for controlling wind direction and simulates various working conditions.
7. The wave-absorbing system adopts a slide rail device, the angle can be adjusted, and the experiment is convenient to carry out.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device based on a surge tank wave-making method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wind generating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dual alignment grating structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the horizontal direction of the wave current according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the vertical direction of the wave current according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wave-making system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flow generating system according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of wave-current coupling when using a rocker plate wave generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of wave current coupling when using a wash tank wave generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a wave-absorbing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a structure of a wave plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a damaged status of ice layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a conventional square ice water pond according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1: wind making system, 2: wave generation system, 3: flow making system, 4: wave-absorbing device, 5: ice layer, 6: elongated ice chest, 7: square ice water tank, 8: flow making machine, 9: flow making test section, 10: reflux, 1-1: fan, 1-2: double steering grille, 1-3: 1-2-1 of adjustable fan base: longitudinal angle adjuster, 1-2-2: longitudinal blade, 1-2-3: lateral angle adjuster, 1-2-4: transverse blade, 2-1: driving motor, 2-2: flushing box, 2-3: connecting rod, 2-4: bracket, 3-1: jet main pipe, 3-2: baffle, 3-3: two-way flow pump, 3-4: flow tube, 3-5: spout nozzle, 4-1: bottom slide rail, 4-2: vertical slide rail, 4-3: pulley, 4-4: wave absorbing plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-12, the embodiment is described of a wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device based on a surge tank wave making method, which comprises a wind making system 1, a wave making system 2, a flow making system 3 and a wave absorbing device 4, wherein the wind making system 1 and the wave making system 2 are arranged outside the same side of an elongated ice water tank 6, the wave absorbing devices 4 are arranged on two sides inside the elongated ice water tank 6, and the flow making system 3 is arranged in the center of the elongated ice water tank 6 along the length direction and is fixed at the bottom of the elongated ice water tank 6 through screws.
The flow making system 3 comprises a spray header 3-1, a flow separation plate 3-2 and two bidirectional flow making pumps 3-3, wherein the number of the two bidirectional flow making pumps 3-3 is two, the two bidirectional flow making pumps 3-3 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the flow separation plate 3-2, flow making openings of each bidirectional flow making pump 3-3 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the flow separation plate 3-2, each flow making opening of the bidirectional flow making pump 3-3 is connected with the spray header 3-1, and the flow separation plate 3-2 isolates flow close to one side of the water surface from flow close to the bottom of the elongated ice pond 6 so as to avoid mutual interference. Preferably, the spray header 3-1 is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 3-5, and each flow-making port of the bidirectional flow-making pump 3-3 is connected with the spray header 3-1 through a flow pipe 3-4.
The wave making system 2 is a punch-box wave making machine, a punch-box 2-2 of the punch-box wave making machine is positioned above two bidirectional flow making pumps 3-3, a punch-box wave making mode is adopted, the wave making machine comprises a punch-box 2-2, a driving motor 2-1, a connecting rod 2-3 and a bracket 2-4, the punch-box 2-2 is connected with the driving motor 2-1 through a plurality of connecting rods 2-3, the driving motor 2-1 is connected with the top end of the bracket 2-4, and the bottom end of the bracket 2-4 is connected with the outside of the slender ice water pond 6. The frequency and the power of the driving motor 2-1 are changed, so that the moving speed and the moving intensity of the flushing tank 2-2 are changed, and the wave height and other variables are controlled.
The wind making system 1 comprises a fan 1-1, a double-direction-adjusting grille 1-2 and an adjustable fan base 1-3, wherein the adjustable fan base 1-3 is adjusted to be at a proper height, then the fan 1-1 and the double-direction-adjusting grille 1-2 are arranged on the upper part of the adjustable fan base 1-3 through screws, the double-direction-adjusting grille 1-2 is arranged in front of an air outlet of the fan 1-1, the adjustable fan base 1-3 is connected with an elongated ice pond 6, and the wind making system 1 is arranged on the left side outside the elongated ice pond 6.
The double-direction-adjusting grille 1-2 comprises a longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1, a plurality of longitudinal blades 1-2-2, a transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3 and a plurality of transverse blades 1-2-4, wherein the plurality of transverse blades 1-2-4 are connected with the transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3, and the plurality of longitudinal blades 1-2-2 are connected with the longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1. The double-direction-adjusting grille 1-2 can change the wind direction, the left and right wind directions are adjusted through the longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1, and the up and down wind directions are adjusted through the transverse angle adjuster 1-2-3, so that the included angles alpha and beta of the wind directions are changed.
The wave absorber 4 comprises a bottom sliding rail 4-1, a vertical sliding rail 4-2, a pulley 4-3 and a wave absorber plate 4-4, wherein the bottom sliding rail 4-1 is connected with the bottom surface of the slender ice water tank 6, the vertical sliding rail 4-2 is connected with the side wall of the slender ice water tank 6, two sides of the wave absorber plate 4-4 are respectively connected with the bottom sliding rail 4-1 and the vertical sliding rail 4-2 through the pulley 4-3, the angle of the wave absorber plate 4-4 is adjustable, the wave absorber plate 4-4 is made of a composite material, the bottom sliding rail 4-1 and the vertical sliding rail 4-2 are made of alloy steel, rust is relieved, and the wave absorber plate is fixed at the bottoms of the left side and the right side inside the slender ice water tank 6.
The embodiment is an experimental method of a wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device based on a surge tank wave-making method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the experimental device is installed, the adjustable fan base 1-3 is adjusted to a proper height, then the fan 1-1 and the double-direction-adjusting grille 1-2 are installed on the upper portion of the adjustable fan base 1-3 through screws, the wave generating system 2, the flow generating system 3 and the sliding rail of the wave absorbing device 4 are fixed on the outside and the inside of the slender ice water pond 6 through screws, the uppermost side of the flow generating system 3 is about 10cm away from the still water surface, the mutual interference of waves and flow fields is avoided, and the coupling of the waves and the flow is convenient to simulate under practical conditions.
Step 2: the layer ice 5 is placed, the thickness of the layer ice 5 is about 5mm, the left side of the layer ice 5 is 1.5-2.5m far from the right side which can be reached by the impulse box 2-2, and a certain distance is needed to meet the development requirement of waves because the first wave generated by the wave making system 2 is unstable.
Step 3: the fan 1-1 is started to change the wind direction through the double direction-adjusting grids 1-2, and the left and right wind directions are adjusted through the longitudinal angle adjuster 1-2-1 to be adjusted to a proper alpha angle; the up-down wind direction is regulated to a proper beta angle through a transverse angle regulator 1-2-3, the wind speed is controlled to be 2-10m/s, and the polar region wind field is simulated.
Step 4: opening two bidirectional flow making pumps 3-3, wherein the two bidirectional flow making pumps 3-3 respectively perform flow pushing and flow sucking, and if the left bidirectional flow making pump 3-3 performs flow pushing and the right bidirectional flow making pump 3-3 performs flow sucking, water flows clockwise in the internal circulation flow making system 3; if the left bi-directional flow making pump 3-3 performs suction flow and the right bi-directional flow making pump 3-3 performs push flow, water flow flows anticlockwise in the internal circulation flow making system 3. And then the flow direction which is the same as or opposite to the wave direction is generated, the water flow rotates clockwise or anticlockwise around the flow separation plate 3-2 to form internal circulation water flow, the power of the bidirectional flow making pump 3-3 is regulated, the flow speed is controlled to be between 0.02 and 0.2m/s, and the polar flow field is simulated;
step 5: starting a wave making system 2, starting a driving motor 2-1, adjusting the power and frequency of the driving motor 2-1, driving a connecting rod 2-3 through the driving motor 2-1, driving a flushing box 2-2, changing the moving speed and strength of the flushing box 2-2 through changing the frequency and power of the driving motor 2-1, further controlling wave height and other variables, controlling the wave height within 0.1m and the wave length between 1.5 and 2 m;
step 6: the angle of the wave-absorbing plate 4-4 in the wave-absorbing device 4 is adjusted until at least 85% of waves are eliminated, so that a good wave-absorbing effect is achieved.
Step 7: experimental data were recorded, experimental images were collected, and the broken length and the damaged form of the layer ice 5 were observed, and the damaged form of the layer ice 5 was shown in fig. 12.
The embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the invention. The examples are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A stormy waves and sea ice coupling experimental device based on a surge tank wave-making method is characterized in that: the wave-making device comprises a wind-making system (1), a wave-making system (2), a flow-making system (3) and wave-absorbing devices (4), wherein the wind-making system (1) and the wave-making system (2) are arranged outside the same side of a slender ice water tank (6), the wave-absorbing devices (4) are arranged on two sides inside the slender ice water tank (6), the flow-making system (3) is arranged in the center of the slender ice water tank (6) along the length direction, the flow-making system (3) comprises a jet flow main pipe (3-1), a flow separation plate (3-2) and two bidirectional flow-making pumps (3-3), the two bidirectional flow-making pumps (3-3) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the flow separation plate (3-2), flow-making openings of each bidirectional flow-making pump (3-3) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the flow separation plate (3-2), each flow-making opening of the two-way flow-making pumps (3-3) is connected with one jet flow-making main pipe (3-2) and the two-way flow-making pumps (3-2) are arranged on the two-way wave-making machines (2).
2. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the spray header pipe (3-1) is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles (3-5).
3. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: each flow-making port of the two-way flow-making pump (3-3) is connected with the jet main pipe (3-1) through a flow pipe (3-4).
4. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the flushing box (2-2) is connected with the driving motor (2-1) through a plurality of connecting rods (2-3).
5. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method according to claim 4, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the driving motor (2-1) is connected with the top end of the bracket (2-4), and the bottom end of the bracket (2-4) is connected with the outside of the slender ice water pond (6).
6. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the wind making system (1) comprises a fan (1-1), a double-direction-adjusting grille (1-2) and an adjustable fan base (1-3), wherein the fan (1-1) and the double-direction-adjusting grille (1-2) are both arranged on the adjustable fan base (1-3), the double-direction-adjusting grille (1-2) is arranged in front of an air outlet of the fan (1-1), and the adjustable fan base (1-3) is connected with an elongated ice pond (6).
7. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the double-direction-adjusting grille (1-2) comprises a longitudinal angle adjuster (1-2-1), a plurality of longitudinal blades (1-2-2), a transverse angle adjuster (1-2-3) and a plurality of transverse blades (1-2-4), wherein the transverse blades (1-2-4) are connected with the transverse angle adjuster (1-2-3), and the longitudinal blades (1-2-2) are connected with the longitudinal angle adjuster (1-2-1).
8. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the wave absorbing device (4) comprises a bottom sliding rail (4-1), a vertical sliding rail (4-2), pulleys (4-3) and a wave absorbing plate (4-4), wherein the bottom sliding rail (4-1) is connected with the bottom surface of the slender ice water tank (6), the vertical sliding rail (4-2) is connected with the side wall of the slender ice water tank (6), and two sides of the wave absorbing plate (4-4) are connected with the bottom sliding rail (4-1) and the vertical sliding rail (4-2) through the pulleys (4-3) respectively.
9. The experimental device for coupling wind, wave and sea ice based on the impulse wave method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the experimental device is characterized in that: the wave absorbing plate (4-4) is made of a composite material, and the bottom sliding rail (4-1) and the vertical sliding rail (4-2) are made of alloy steel.
10. The experimental method of the wind wave and sea ice coupling experimental device based on the impulse wave method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1: installing an experimental device, wherein the uppermost side of the flow generating system (3) is between 10cm away from the still water surface;
step 2: placing layer ice (5), wherein the thickness of the layer ice (5) is 5mm, and the left side of the layer ice is 1.5-2.5m far from the right side which can be reached by the punch case (2-2);
step 3: starting an air making system (1) and adjusting left and right wind directions, an upper wind direction and a lower wind direction, wherein the wind speed is 2-10m/s;
step 4: opening two bidirectional flow-making pumps (3-3), respectively pushing and sucking the two bidirectional flow-making pumps (3-3) to generate a flow direction which is the same as or opposite to the wave direction, enabling the water flow to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise around the flow-separating plate (3-2) to form internal circulation water flow, regulating the power of the bidirectional flow-making pumps (3-3), controlling the flow speed to be between 0.02 and 0.2m/s, and simulating a polar flow field;
step 5: starting a wave-making system (2), adjusting the power and the intensity of the wave-making system (2), further controlling the wave height and the wavelength, controlling the wave height within 0.1m and the wavelength within 1.5-2 m;
step 6: adjusting the wave-absorbing means (4) until at least 85% of the waves are removed;
step 7: recording experimental data, collecting experimental images, and observing the fracture length and the damage form of the layer ice (5).
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| CN118130043A (en) * | 2024-04-30 | 2024-06-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Annular totally-enclosed infinite interval wind-wave generation physical pool, system and method |
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