CN117870741A - Grating encoder protection system and encoder - Google Patents
Grating encoder protection system and encoder Download PDFInfo
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- CN117870741A CN117870741A CN202410286490.XA CN202410286490A CN117870741A CN 117870741 A CN117870741 A CN 117870741A CN 202410286490 A CN202410286490 A CN 202410286490A CN 117870741 A CN117870741 A CN 117870741A
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- seal
- grating encoder
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 foreign matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of encoder sealing, in particular to a grating encoder protection system and an encoder, wherein the protection system consists of an oil seal unit, a curved path sealing unit, a sealing sheet and a bearing sealing ring, wherein the oil seal unit adopts a double-lip sealing mode and consists of a primary sealing lip and a secondary sealing lip; the labyrinth seal unit adopts a non-contact seal mode and consists of a seal cap and a seal cover, and a layer of seal structure is additionally formed in the shell by the labyrinth seal unit and the seal piece, so that the structures such as a grating code disc, a reading head and the like in the encoder are effectively protected; and bearing sealing rings are further arranged at the openings at the two ends of the bearing, so that pollutants are prevented from invading the bearing, and the rotation stability of the rotating shaft is prevented from being influenced. On the premise of not increasing friction moment, the invention improves the tightness, increases the safety and reliability of the grating encoder, and reduces the risk of operation failure or even failure of the grating encoder caused by internal pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of encoder sealing, and particularly provides a grating encoder protection system and an encoder.
Background
In the design and manufacturing process of the grating encoder, the arrangement of a protection system is a critical ring, dust, other impurities and oil drops need to be prevented from entering the interior of the encoder, photoelectric elements and precision mechanical elements in the encoder are easily affected by the pollutants, and the inner photoelectric elements and the precision mechanical elements are core parts of the grating encoder, and the performance of the inner photoelectric elements and the precision mechanical elements directly affect the accuracy and the service life of the encoder. If these elements become contaminated, deviations in the measurement results of the grating encoder may occur and even the encoder may not function properly. Therefore, the strength of the protection capability is an important index for measuring the performance of the grating encoder.
However, conventional grating encoders rely primarily on an outer housing and seal ring for internal protection. Although this single outer housing prevents dust and other impurities from entering the interior of the encoder to some extent, it does not completely prevent the ingress of these contaminants, and the protection against contamination of the interior is relatively inadequate, which increases the risk of contamination of the internal photocells and precision mechanical elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a grating encoder protection system and an encoder, wherein an oil seal unit, a curved path sealing unit, a sealing sheet and a bearing sealing ring are added on the existing structure, a layer of sealing structure is additionally formed in the shell, a grating code disc and a slit in the encoder are effectively protected, a double-layer protection structure is formed by matching an outer shell and the sealing ring, and the safety and reliability of the grating encoder are improved.
The invention provides a grating encoder protection system, which comprises: the device comprises an oil seal unit, a curved path seal unit, a seal piece and a bearing seal ring;
the oil seal unit comprises a framework, a primary sealing lip and a secondary sealing lip, wherein one ends of the primary sealing lip and the secondary sealing lip are fixed on the framework and are fixed with a shell of the grating encoder through the framework, the other ends of the primary sealing lip and the secondary sealing lip are abutted with a rotating shaft of the grating encoder, and the abutting angle of the primary sealing lip and the rotating shaft is smaller than that of the secondary sealing lip and the rotating shaft;
the labyrinth seal unit is arranged above the reading head of the grating encoder and comprises a seal cap and a seal cover, the seal cap comprises a first radial annular piece and a first axial cylindrical piece, the first radial annular piece is nested on the rotating shaft, and the first axial cylindrical piece is connected to the lower surface of the first radial annular piece; the sealing cover comprises a second radial ring piece and a second axial cylindrical piece, the second axial cylindrical piece is arranged on the inner side of the first axial cylindrical piece, and the inner edge of the second radial ring piece is connected to the lower end of the second axial cylindrical piece; the outer edge of the second radial ring piece is connected with the sealing piece, and the lower end of the sealing piece is connected with the main body of the grating encoder, so that the second radial ring piece and the sealing piece seal the reading head and the code disc of the grating encoder;
the bearing sealing rings are fixed at the opening positions at the two ends of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the grating encoder.
Preferably, the interference of the abutting position of the primary sealing lip and the rotating shaft is 0.2mm; the interference of the abutting position of the secondary sealing lip and the rotating shaft is 0.15mm.
Preferably, an axial distance exists between the second axial cylindrical piece and the first radial annular piece, and the axial distance is smaller than the height of the first axial cylindrical piece; radial distances exist between the second axial cylindrical sheet and the rotating shaft as well as between the second axial cylindrical sheet and the first axial cylindrical sheet.
Preferably, the axial distance between the first radial annular piece and the housing of the photoelectric encoder is 0.3mm, the axial distance between the second axial cylindrical piece and the first radial annular piece is 0.3mm, and the radial distance between the first axial cylindrical piece and the second axial cylindrical piece is 0.25mm.
Preferably, the sealing sheet comprises a PC board and a back adhesive layer, and the sealing sheet is glued on the side surface of the main body through the back adhesive layer.
An encoder is provided with a grating encoder protection system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
on the basis of the structure of the traditional grating encoder, the oil seal unit is arranged at the joint position of the encoder shell and the rotating shaft, so that the lubricant of the rotating shaft is prevented from being immersed into the encoder; a sealing structure consisting of a curved path sealing unit, a sealing sheet and a bearing sealing ring is additionally formed in the encoder shell, so that multi-layer protection is formed, and the pollution is prevented from polluting photoelectric devices in the encoder; in addition, the sealing cap and the sealing cover of the curved path sealing unit are sealed in a non-contact mode, on the premise that friction torque of the encoder stator and the encoder rotor is not increased, the sealing performance is improved, the safety and reliability of the grating encoder are improved, and the risk of operation failure or even failure of the grating encoder due to internal pollution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an encoder with a protection system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an oil seal unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a labyrinth seal unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a sealing plate provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a bearing seal ring provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sealing structure diagram of an encoder assembly bolt and a debugging plug hole provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein reference numerals include:
a housing 101, a rotation shaft 102, a main body 103, a bearing 104, a printing plate 105, and a code wheel 106;
an oil seal unit 200, a skeleton 201, a primary seal lip 202, a secondary seal lip 203;
the labyrinth seal unit 300, the seal cap 310, the first radial annular piece 311, the first axial cylindrical piece 312, the seal cap 320, the second radial annular piece 321, the second axial cylindrical piece 322;
a sealing sheet 400, a PC board 401, a backing adhesive layer 402;
bearing seal 500, O-ring 600, gasket 700.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, like modules are denoted by like reference numerals. In the case of the same reference numerals, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, a detailed description thereof will not be repeated.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a grating encoder protection system aiming at the general structure of a traditional grating encoder, and particularly as shown in fig. 1, the grating encoder mainly comprises a shell 101, a rotating shaft 102, a main body 103, a bearing 104, a printing plate 105 and a code disc 106, wherein the shell 101 is split and comprises two parts for protecting the internal structure of the grating encoder; the outer rings of the housing 101, the body 103, the printing plate 105 and the bearing 104 are encoder stators, and do not rotate with the rotary shaft 102, and the inner rings of the code wheel 106 and the bearing 104 are encoder rotors, and rotate with the rotary shaft 102. The grating encoder protection system proposed for the above structure comprises: the oil seal unit 200, the labyrinth seal unit 300, the seal sheet 400, the bearing seal 500, the O-ring 600, and the gasket 700, wherein:
since the housing 101 is fitted over the rotary shaft 102 and there is a rotary gap at the joint position, dust, foreign matter, and lubricant on the rotary shaft 102 are inevitably caused to enter the inside of the encoder from the gap, resulting in contamination of the inside photocells. As shown in fig. 2, oil seal units 200 are provided for the rotation gaps at the upper and lower ends of the rotation shaft 102, the oil seal units 200 are in a double-lip seal form, and include a frame 201, a primary seal lip 202 and a secondary seal lip 203, wherein the primary seal lip 202 and the secondary seal lip 203 are made of elastic materials, and one end of each of the primary seal lip 202 and the secondary seal lip 203 is fixed on the frame 201, and then fixed on the housing 101 of the grating encoder through the frame 201. The skeleton 201 is made of high-strength metal materials and is used for supporting and fixing the primary sealing lip 202 and the secondary sealing lip 203, so that the overall supporting strength is improved, and the reduction of the sealing effect caused by deformation is avoided. The other ends of the primary seal lip 202 and the secondary seal lip 203 are abutted against the rotary shaft 102, and the abutment angles of the primary seal lip 202 and the rotary shaft 102 are different from each other, so that the abutment angle of the primary seal lip 202 and the rotary shaft 102 is smaller than the abutment angle of the secondary seal lip 203 and the rotary shaft 102. Since the primary seal lip 202 and the secondary seal lip 203 are both in contact with the rotating shaft 102, it is necessary to consider the friction moment caused by the primary seal lip and the secondary seal lip while ensuring good sealing performance, and to avoid the influence on the normal rotation of the rotating shaft 102. Through repeated tests, the interference magnitude of the abutting position of the primary sealing lip 202 and the rotating shaft 102 is 0.2mm; the interference of the abutting position of the secondary sealing lip 203 and the rotating shaft 102 is 0.15mm, so that good sealing performance can be ensured under the condition, meanwhile, reasonable friction moment can be considered, and the overall sealing effect is more than twice that of the traditional sealing effect.
Even if the oil seal unit 200 is designed, part of the pollutants still enter the grating encoder, in the existing encoder, no additional protection is performed in the encoder, once the pollutants enter the encoder, serious influence can be caused on devices such as the code wheel 106 and the reading head, and the like, so that the reading error is too large, and the encoder may not work normally when serious. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, an extra protection layer is further designed in the encoder, as shown in fig. 3, first, below the connection position of the housing 101 of the upper half part and the rotation shaft 102, that is, above the grating encoder code disc 106 and the reading head, a labyrinth seal unit 300 is provided, which is composed of a seal cap 310 and a seal cover 320, wherein the seal cap 310 includes a first radial ring piece 311 and a first axial cylindrical piece 312, the first radial ring piece 311 is in the shape of a ring, the inner diameter of the ring is slightly larger than the diameter of the rotation shaft 102, and the ring is sleeved on the rotation shaft 102 and is adhered and fixed by silica gel, and synchronously rotates along with the rotation shaft 102. The first axial cylindrical piece 312 is connected downward at the outer edge position of the first radial annular piece 311, and the transition angle of the first axial cylindrical piece and the second axial cylindrical piece is a right angle. The first axial cylindrical piece 312 is shaped like a cylinder without upper and lower bottom surfaces, and the first radial ring piece 311 and the first axial cylindrical piece 312 may be integrally formed or connected together by a welding process or the like. The sealing cap 320 is disposed under the sealing cap 310, the sealing cap 320 includes a second radial ring piece 321 and a second axial cylindrical piece 322, the second axial cylindrical piece 322 is also shaped as a cylinder without upper and lower bottom surfaces, the bottom surface diameter of the second axial cylindrical piece 322 is smaller than the bottom surface diameter of the first axial cylindrical piece 312, the second axial cylindrical piece 322 is disposed inside the first axial cylindrical piece 312, and the diameter of the second axial cylindrical piece 322 is larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 102. The inner side of the second axial cylindrical piece 322 is glued to the printed board 105. The second radial ring piece 321 is also shaped as a circular ring having an inner diameter equal to the diameter of the second axial cylindrical piece 322 and is connected to the lower end of the second axial cylindrical piece 322.
As a preferred embodiment, since the sealing cap 310 is connected to the rotary shaft 102 of the encoder, it is a rotor part inside the encoder; and the sealing cap 320 is connected to the printing plate 105, belonging to the stator part inside the encoder. Therefore, a reasonable distance is required between the sealing cap 310 and the sealing cover 320, so that the sealing cap and the sealing cover are prevented from being contacted with each other, and the stator inside the grating encoder can not influence the rotor when the grating encoder rotates. The axial distance between the second axial cylindrical piece 322 and the first radial annular piece 311 is 0.3mm, and the radial distance between the first axial cylindrical piece 312 and the second axial cylindrical piece 322 is 0.25mm.
The outer edge of the second radial ring 321 is aligned with the maximum diameter of the body 103 to provide complete coverage of the reading head and the code wheel 106, and the outer edge of the second radial ring 321 is connected to the seal 400. As shown in fig. 4, the sealing sheet 400 includes a PC board 401 and a backing layer 402, which is also a cylinder having no upper and lower bottom surfaces, and the backing layer 402 is disposed on the inner side of the PC board 401 and is connected to the main body 103 through the backing layer 402. The labyrinth seal unit 300 and the seal piece 400 form an extra layer of protection inside the encoder, and the joint positions are all glued, so that the pollution of the internal elements of the encoder is prevented to the greatest extent. In addition, the stator and rotor interface is spaced apart, which also limits the protection system from interfering with the rotating shaft 102.
Since the bearing 104 is an open angular contact bearing, in order to avoid contaminants from invading the bearing 104, the bearing 104 is damaged and enters the encoder through the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 104, and the bearing seal 500 is further provided in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the bearing seal ring 500 is in a ring shape, which is disposed at the opening positions of the upper and lower ends of the bearing 104, the radial gap between the inner diameter of the bearing seal ring 500 and the rotating shaft 102 is 0.2mm, the axial gap is 0.3mm, and the outer edge of the bearing seal ring 500 is bonded to the main body 103 by silica gel.
Since the housing 101 is divided into upper and lower parts and fixed by bolts, contaminants inevitably enter the inside through the joint gaps. In the embodiment of the invention, an O-ring 600 is arranged between two parts of a casing 101, the overall shape of the O-ring 600 is a circular ring, the cross section of the O-ring is an O-ring structure, and the O-ring has certain elasticity. When the two parts of the shell 101 are locked through the bolts, the two parts of the shell 101 can extrude the O-shaped sealing ring 600, the O-shaped sealing ring 600 deforms, and along with the screwing of the bolts, the two parts of the shell 101 are well closely connected with the O-shaped sealing ring 600, so that the tightness of a connecting gap is guaranteed to the greatest extent.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, since a plurality of assembling bolts and debugging plugs are provided at the bottom of the grating encoder, the encoder is mounted by using a sealing pad 700 with a corresponding shape, and the sealing pad 700 is made of a silica gel material.
The grating encoder protection system provided by the embodiment of the invention is designed on the basis of the structure of the traditional grating encoder, has extremely high universality, can be adapted to various existing grating encoders, and can obtain the encoder with multiple protection effects by arranging the grating encoder protection system inside the encoder.
While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described above, it will be appreciated that the above described embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Variations, modifications, alternatives and variations of the above-described embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical idea of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A grating encoder protection system, comprising: the device comprises an oil seal unit, a curved path seal unit, a seal piece and a bearing seal ring;
the oil seal unit comprises a framework, a primary sealing lip and a secondary sealing lip, wherein one end of each of the primary sealing lip and the secondary sealing lip is fixed on the framework and is fixed with a shell of the grating encoder through the framework, the other ends of the primary sealing lip and the secondary sealing lip are abutted with a rotating shaft of the grating encoder, and the abutting angle of the primary sealing lip and the rotating shaft is smaller than that of the secondary sealing lip;
the curved path sealing unit is arranged above the reading head of the grating encoder and comprises a sealing cap and a sealing cover, wherein the sealing cap comprises a first radial ring piece and a first axial cylindrical piece, the first radial ring piece is nested on the rotating shaft, and the first axial cylindrical piece is connected to the lower surface of the first radial ring piece; the sealing cover comprises a second radial ring piece and a second axial cylindrical piece, the second axial cylindrical piece is arranged on the inner side of the first axial cylindrical piece, and the inner edge of the second radial ring piece is connected to the lower end of the second axial cylindrical piece; the outer edge of the second radial ring piece is connected with the sealing piece, and the lower end of the sealing piece is connected with the main body of the grating encoder, so that the second radial ring piece and the sealing piece seal the reading head and the code disc of the grating encoder;
the bearing sealing rings are fixed at the opening positions at two ends of the inner ring and the bearing outer ring of the grating encoder.
2. The grating encoder protection system of claim 1, wherein the primary seal lip has an interference of 0.2mm with the rotating shaft abutment; the interference magnitude of the abutting position of the secondary sealing lip and the rotating shaft is 0.15mm.
3. The grating encoder protection system of claim 1, wherein an axial distance exists between the second axial cylindrical piece and the first radial annular piece that is less than a height of the first axial cylindrical piece; radial distances exist between the second axial cylindrical piece and the rotating shaft as well as between the second axial cylindrical piece and the first axial cylindrical piece.
4. The grating encoder protection system of claim 3, wherein the first radial ring plate is at an axial distance of 0.3mm from the housing of the optical encoder, the second axial cylinder plate is at an axial distance of 0.3mm from the first radial ring plate, and the first axial cylinder plate is at a radial distance of 0.25mm from the second axial cylinder plate.
5. The grating encoder protection system of claim 1, wherein the sealing sheet comprises a PC board and a backing layer, the sealing sheet being glued to a side of the body by the backing layer.
6. An encoder, characterized in that a grating encoder protection system according to any of claims 1 to 5 is provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410286490.XA CN117870741B (en) | 2024-03-13 | 2024-03-13 | Grating encoder protection system and encoder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410286490.XA CN117870741B (en) | 2024-03-13 | 2024-03-13 | Grating encoder protection system and encoder |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117870741A true CN117870741A (en) | 2024-04-12 |
| CN117870741B CN117870741B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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| CN202410286490.XA Active CN117870741B (en) | 2024-03-13 | 2024-03-13 | Grating encoder protection system and encoder |
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