CN117869266A

CN117869266A - Oil pump

Info

Publication number: CN117869266A
Application number: CN202211241734.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷德荣; 张辉; 褚浩元; 姚金杭; 黄晓东; 肉孜麦麦提·巴克; 王小萌; 朱万雨; 赵田
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-11
Filing date: 2022-10-11
Publication date: 2024-04-12

Abstract

The utility model provides an oil-well pump, which belongs to the field of oil-well pumps and comprises a traveling valve, a fixed valve, a descaling sleeve, a plunger and a pump barrel, wherein the traveling valve, the fixed valve, the descaling sleeve and the plunger are positioned in an inner cavity of the pump barrel, the traveling valve is connected with the inner wall of the plunger, the descaling sleeve is sleeved on the side wall of the plunger, the axis of the descaling sleeve coincides with the axis of the plunger, the fixed valve is connected with the inner wall of the pump barrel, the descaling sleeve is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pump barrel, the descaling sleeve is of a hollow structure, and a channel for flowing out liquid impurities is arranged on the side wall of the descaling sleeve from top to bottom. The descaling sleeve is formed into a C-shaped ring group after a plurality of elastic wear-resistant C-shaped rings are connected in series, so that the contact seal of the C-shaped rings is always ensured. The C-shaped ring is in contact fit with the pump cylinder, the clearance between the plunger and the pump cylinder is enlarged, so that the scale layer is not clamped with the pump any more, the ring opening of the wear-resistant elastic C-shaped ring can be contracted, the maximum diameter is changed, and the pump is prevented from being clamped; in addition, the end face of the wear-resistant C-shaped ring is a right angle, so that the scraping effect can be achieved in the up-and-down process.

Description

Oil pump

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of oil pumps, and particularly relates to an oil pump.

Background

The oil pump is a downhole device for pumping oil. The pumped liquid contains sand, wax, water, gas and corrosive substances, and works under the well from hundreds of meters to thousands of meters, and the pressure in the pump is very high. Therefore, the working environment is complex, the condition is bad, and the quality of the pump work directly affects the oil well yield. Therefore, the oil pump generally meets the following requirements of simple structure, high strength, good quality and reliable sealing of the connecting part; the manufactured material has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance and long service life; the specification type can meet the requirement of oil well drainage amount, and the adaptability is strong; the lifting is convenient; sand prevention and gas prevention should be considered structurally, and necessary auxiliary equipment should be provided.

The oil pump mainly comprises a pump barrel, a plunger, an oil inlet valve (a suction valve or a fixed valve) and an oil outlet valve (a discharge valve and a traveling valve). During the up stroke, the volume of the lower pump cavity below the plunger is increased, the pressure is reduced, the oil inlet valve is opened under the action of the up-down pressure difference, crude oil enters the lower cavity, meanwhile, the oil outlet valve is closed under the action of the up-down pressure difference, and crude oil in the upper pump cavity above the plunger is discharged to the ground along the oil pipe. In a similar manner, the plunger compresses the crude oil between the oil inlet valve and the oil outlet valve during the downstroke. And closing the oil inlet valve, opening the oil outlet valve, and enabling crude oil in the lower pump cavity to enter the upper pump cavity. The plunger is up and down, and the oil pump completes one cycle. The cycle is repeated from time to time.

In the oil extraction process of the oil pumping unit, when the mineralization degree of formation fluid is high or in the oil extraction process of special processes such as CO2 injection driving, the oil pumping unit is easy to generate scaling phenomenon under the action of formation fluid, on one hand, scaling can cause the increase of friction resistance of the oil pumping unit in the up-and-down motion process of the oil pumping unit, so that the energy consumption of the oil pumping unit is increased or the descending of an oil pumping rod is asynchronous with the horsehead of the oil pumping unit; on the other hand, if the scale amount is large, the phenomenon of scale blocking can easily occur, so that the pump and the sucker rod are damaged or the transmission part of the pumping unit is damaged.

Therefore, if the impurity scale can be effectively removed, the convenience of the oil extraction belt of the pumping unit can be greatly improved, and the oil extraction efficiency can be further improved.

The Chinese patent No. 215830695U discloses an antiscaling oil-well pump, wherein the lower end part of a pump barrel of the antiscaling oil-well pump is connected with a fixed valve cover, a valve ball is arranged in the fixed valve cover, a plunger is arranged in the pump barrel in a vertical sliding way, the upper end part of the plunger is connected with an oil outlet joint, the lower end part of the plunger is connected with a traveling valve, the upper end part of the plunger is provided with a scale scraping inner chamfer, the upper end part of the pump barrel is connected with an upper pup joint, and the plunger can enter an inner cavity of the upper pup joint when the plunger moves upwards. In the process of the up-and-down motion of the plunger in the pump cylinder, the plunger drives the oil outlet joint to move up and down, impurities such as paraffin attached to the inner wall of the pump cylinder are scraped in time by utilizing the scraping inner chamfer at the upper end part of the plunger, and the scraped impurities such as paraffin are sent into the upper nipple when the upper end part of the plunger enters the upper nipple. The oil pump has a complex structure, and the dirt scraping inner chamfer at the upper end part of the plunger cannot completely scrape off impurity dirt and the like, so that the problem of pump clamping still exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides an oil pump, and the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to remove the scale generated on the inner wall of a pump cylinder in the oil pumping process, so as to avoid the occurrence of pump clamping.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides an oil pump which comprises a traveling valve, a fixed valve, a descaling sleeve, a plunger and a pump barrel, wherein the traveling valve, the fixed valve, the descaling sleeve and the plunger are positioned in an inner cavity of the pump barrel, the traveling valve is connected with the inner wall of the plunger, the descaling sleeve is sleeved on the side wall of the plunger, the axis of the descaling sleeve coincides with the axis of the plunger, the fixed valve is connected with the inner wall of the pump barrel, the descaling sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the pump barrel, the descaling sleeve is of a hollow structure, and the descaling sleeve is provided with an opening in the circumferential direction.

Further, the descaling sleeve comprises a C-shaped ring. The descaling sleeve has elasticity.

Further, the scale removal sleeve comprises a plurality of C-shaped rings, and the plurality of C-shaped rings are arranged in series in a level manner to form a C-shaped ring group. Gaps are arranged among the plurality of C-shaped rings, and channels for fluid to pass through are formed among the plurality of C-shaped rings.

Furthermore, the scale removing sleeve comprises a plurality of C-shaped ring groups, so that a more thorough scale removing effect is achieved.

Further, the C-shaped ring is made of wear-resistant alloy materials.

Further, the C-ring has elasticity.

Further, the included angle between the connecting line of the opening of the adjacent C-shaped ring and the axis of the plunger is 180 degrees, and a gap is formed between the adjacent C-shaped rings, so that a labyrinth sealing flow passage is formed, liquid is not easy to leak, and the tightness of the oil pump is provided.

The descaling sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of elastic wear-resistant C-shaped rings in series to form a C-shaped ring group, so that a labyrinth sealing effect is generated, and the original plunger sealing structure form of the oil pump is replaced.

The elastic C-shaped ring structure is adopted, the sealing can be compensated, and the contact sealing of the C-shaped ring is always ensured.

The 'clearance fit' of the original pump is changed into the 'contact fit' of the C-shaped ring and the pump cylinder, and the clearance between the plunger and the pump cylinder is enlarged, so that the scale layer can not clamp the pump any more, the ring mouth of the wear-resistant C-shaped ring can be contracted, the diameter is changed, and the pump is prevented from being clamped; in addition, the end face of the wear-resistant C-shaped ring is a right angle, so that the scraping effect can be achieved in the up-and-down process.

Further, the traveling valve is a one-way ball valve.

When the plunger moves up and down in the pump cylinder, the traveling valve and the descaling sleeve are driven to move together.

The travelling valve and the fixed valve are alternately opened to finish the oil extraction process, when the inner surface of the pump is scaled, the outer surface of the scale removing sleeve always clings to the inner surface of the pump cylinder to generate scraping action on the inner surface of the pump cylinder, so that the scale is separated, liquid in a channel of the scale removing sleeve is taken away along with the scale removing sleeve, and if the scaling point is firm, each C-shaped ring in the scale removing sleeve can generate reducing shrinkage to avoid clamping the pump.

The utility model realizes sealing by utilizing the descaling sleeve, so that the original gap hard sealing between the plunger and the pump cylinder is changed into a soft sealing which can be yielded and formed by a plurality of C-shaped rings.

The utility model can realize the descaling function by utilizing the close fitting between the descaling sleeve and the pump barrel, and the fallen scale can be taken away along with the liquid in the internal channel of the descaling sleeve.

Each C-shaped ring in the descaling sleeve can generate reducing shrinkage, so that the pump is prevented from being blocked.

According to the utility model, by designing a special structure of sealing a plurality of groups of C-shaped ring channels on the plunger, the clearance classification of the matching of the plunger and the pump barrel can be simulated. The oil pump has the advantages that the oil pump has the descaling effect while meeting the requirement of sealing displacement of the oil pump, and in addition, the wear-resistant C-shaped ring has the effect of shrinkage and diameter variation, so that the oil pump does not generate pump clamping phenomenon when in use, and the lifting time of the oil pump is improved. By adopting the structure, the pump leakage can be obtained according to the series number test of the C-shaped rings.

The C-ring is made of an elastic material. The C-shaped ring is arranged between the plunger and the pump cylinder in a contracted state, and after the C-shaped ring is worn in the actual operation process, the C-shaped ring has elasticity and can generate elasticity compensation, so that the C-shaped ring and the pump cylinder are continuously tightly attached to play a role in sealing.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an oil pump according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a C-ring of an oil pump according to the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a C-ring set of an oil pump according to the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of an oil pump according to the present utility model.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

For a better understanding of the objects, structure and function of the present utility model, a detailed description of an oil pump according to the present utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of an oil pump according to the utility model, comprising a traveling valve 1, a fixed valve 2, a descaling jacket 3, a plunger 4 and a pump barrel 5.

The traveling valve 1 is connected with the inner wall of the plunger 4, the plunger 4 is arranged in the descaling sleeve 3, the fixed valve 2 is arranged at the lower part of the pump barrel 5, and the traveling valve 1, the descaling sleeve 3 and the plunger 4 are positioned in the inner cavity of the pump barrel 5.

The traveling valve 1 is a one-way ball valve.

The descaling sleeve 3 is of a hollow structure, and the descaling sleeve 3 is provided with a circumferential opening. The side wall of the descaling sleeve 3 is provided with a channel for liquid impurities to flow out from top to bottom.

The descaling sleeve 3 comprises a single or a plurality of C-shaped rings 6, gaps are arranged among the plurality of C-shaped rings 6, and channels are formed among the plurality of C-shaped rings 6.

The included angle between the gaps of the adjacent C-shaped rings 6 is 180 degrees, so that liquid is not easy to flow out of the channels between the C-shaped rings 6, and the tightness is improved.

The descaling sleeve 3 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pump cylinder 5, and plays a role in sealing the pump cylinder 5.

The plunger 4 is of a cylindrical structure, a cavity is formed in the plunger 4, a circumferential groove is formed in the side wall of the plunger 4, the descaling sleeve 3 is arranged in the circumferential groove, and the circumferential groove plays a role in limiting the descaling sleeve 3.

The pump cylinder 5 is hollow.

The working engineering of this embodiment is as follows:

when the plunger 4 moves up and down in the pump cylinder 5, the traveling valve 1 and the descaling sleeve 3 are driven to move together.

The traveling valve 1 and the fixed valve 2 are alternately opened to finish the oil extraction process, when the inner surface of the pump cylinder 5 is scaled, the outer surface of the scale removing sleeve 3 always clings to the inner surface of the pump cylinder 5 to move, a scraping effect is generated on the inner surface of the pump cylinder 5, scales are separated, liquid in a channel of the scale removing sleeve 3 is taken away along with the scales, and if scaling points are firm, each C-shaped ring 6 in the scale removing sleeve 3 can generate reducing shrinkage to avoid clamping the pump.

The utility model realizes sealing by using the descaling sleeve 3, so that the original gap hard sealing between the plunger 4 and the pump cylinder 5 is changed into a soft sealing which can be yielded and is formed by a plurality of C-shaped rings 6.

The utility model utilizes the close fit between the descaling sleeve 3 and the pump barrel 5, can realize the descaling function, and the fallen scale can be taken away along with the liquid of the sealing labyrinth channel in the descaling sleeve 3.

Each C-shaped ring 6 in the descaling sleeve 3 can generate reducing shrinkage, so that pump clamping is avoided.

According to the utility model, by designing a special structure of sealing a plurality of groups of C-shaped ring channels on the plunger, the clearance classification of the matching of the plunger 4 and the pump barrel 5 can be simulated. The oil pump has the advantages that the oil pump has the descaling effect while meeting the displacement requirement of the oil pump, in addition, the wear-resistant C-shaped ring has the reducing effect, so that the oil pump does not have the pump clamping phenomenon when in use, and the lifting time of the oil pump is improved.

Example 2:

fig. 1 shows a second embodiment of an oil pump according to the utility model, comprising a traveling valve 1, a fixed valve 2, a descaling jacket 3, a plunger 4 and a pump barrel 5.

The traveling valve 1 is a one-way ball valve.

The pump cylinder 5 is hollow.

The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:

the C-shaped ring 6 is made of wear-resistant materials, and is connected with the pump cylinder in multistage series to form a labyrinth seal with overlapped C-shaped ring openings. By adopting the structure, the pump leakage can be obtained according to the series number test of the C-shaped rings.

According to the utility model, by designing a special structure of sealing a plurality of groups of C-shaped ring channels on the plunger, the clearance classification of the matching of the plunger 4 and the pump barrel 5 can be simulated. The oil pump has the descaling effect while meeting the displacement requirement of the oil pump, and in addition, the abrasion-resistant C-shaped ring 6 has the effect of shrinkage and diameter variation, so that the oil pump does not generate pump clamping phenomenon when in use, and the lifting time of the oil pump is improved.

Example 3:

fig. 1 shows a third embodiment of an oil pump according to the utility model, comprising a traveling valve 1, a fixed valve 2, a descaling jacket 3, a plunger 4 and a pump barrel 5.

The traveling valve 1 is a one-way ball valve.

The pump cylinder 5 is hollow.

The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that:

the C-ring 6 is made of an elastic material. The C-shaped ring 6 is mounted between the plunger 4 and the pump barrel 5 in a contracted state, and after the C-shaped ring 6 is worn in the actual operation process, elastic compensation is generated due to the elasticity of the C-shaped ring 6, so that the C-shaped ring 6 and the pump barrel 5 are continuously attached to each other, and a sealing effect is achieved.

The descaling sleeve 3 is formed into a C-shaped ring group after a plurality of elastic wear-resistant C-shaped rings 6 are connected in series, so that a labyrinth sealing effect is generated, and the original plunger sealing structure form of the oil pump is replaced. By adopting the structure, the pump leakage can be obtained according to the series number test of the C-shaped rings.

The 'clearance fit' of the original pump is changed into the 'contact fit' of the C-shaped ring 6 and the pump cylinder 5, the clearance between the plunger 4 and the pump cylinder 5 is enlarged, so that a scale layer can not clamp the pump any more, the ring opening of the wear-resistant C-shaped ring 6 can be contracted, the maximum diameter is changed, and the pump clamp is prevented; in addition, the end face of the wear-resistant C-shaped ring 6 is right-angled, and the scraping effect can be achieved in the up-and-down process. The elastic C-shaped ring 6 structure is adopted, the sealing can be compensated, and the contact sealing of the C-shaped ring is always ensured.

Example 4:

The traveling valve 1 is a one-way ball valve.

The pump cylinder 5 is hollow.

The present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that:

the embodiment is provided with a plurality of groups of scale removing sleeves 3, and the plurality of groups of scale removing sleeves 3 are arranged in series to achieve a more thorough scale removing effect.

The single plunger can be provided with 1 group or a plurality of groups of C-shaped ring groups, each C-shaped ring group can comprise 1 or a plurality of wear-resistant C-shaped rings, the effects of scraping dirt and preventing pump blockage can be achieved, and the sealing effect is better.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model are included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an oil-well pump, its characterized in that includes traveling valve, fixed valve, scale removal cover, plunger and pump barrel, and traveling valve, fixed valve, scale removal cover and plunger are located the inside cavity of pump barrel, and traveling valve and the inner wall connection of plunger, scale prevention cover are established at the lateral wall of plunger, and the axis of scale removal cover coincides with the axis of plunger, and fixed valve and the inner wall connection of pump barrel, scale removal cover and the laminating of pump barrel inner wall, scale removal cover are hollow structure, and scale removal cover has the opening in the circumference.

2. The oil pump of claim 1, wherein the descaling sleeve is resilient.

3. The oil pump of claim 1 wherein said descaling sleeve comprises a C-ring.

4. The oil pump of claim 1, wherein the descaling jacket comprises a plurality of C-rings, the plurality of C-rings being arranged in series in a hierarchy of C-rings forming a C-ring set.

5. The oil pump of claim 4 wherein adjacent C-rings have a gap therebetween.

6. The pump of claim 4 wherein the angle between the line connecting the openings of adjacent C-rings and the axis of the plunger is 180 degrees.

7. The oil pump of claim 4 wherein said descaling jacket comprises a plurality of C-ring sets.

8. An oil well pump according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the C-ring is made of a wear resistant alloy material.

9. An oil well pump according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the C-ring is resilient.

10. The oil pump of claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the plunger is provided with a circumferential groove in which the scale removal sleeve is disposed.

11. The oil well pump of claim 1, wherein the fixed valve is connected to a lower portion of the pump barrel.

12. The oil pump of claim 1 wherein the traveling valve is a one-way ball valve.

13. The oil pump of claim 1 wherein the plunger has a cavity.