CN117865587A - Method for preparing landscape brick by using river sludge - Google Patents
Method for preparing landscape brick by using river sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN117865587A CN117865587A CN202410229233.2A CN202410229233A CN117865587A CN 117865587 A CN117865587 A CN 117865587A CN 202410229233 A CN202410229233 A CN 202410229233A CN 117865587 A CN117865587 A CN 117865587A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 arsenic ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical class C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge, which comprises the following steps: firstly, proportioning shale soil, sludge, medical stone, activated carbon and zeolite, and crushing and sieving the zeolite; step two, adsorbing free harmful ions of sludge by medical stone; step three, ion exchange of zeolite on sludge harmful elements; step four, coating of sludge harmful elements; step five, preparing the landscape brick, wherein the invention adopts a unique raw material proportion and an innovative treatment process: combines medical stone, activated carbon, zeolite, shale soil and river sludge to form high-efficiency raw material proportion. The particle sizes of medical stone and zeolite are optimized through advanced crushing and mixing processes, the adsorption and ion exchange efficiency of harmful ions in sludge is improved, and the concentration of heavy metal ions is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the chemical coating technology in the high-temperature sintering process further fixes the harmful elements, and the environmental safety of the product is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge, and belongs to the technical field of materials and chemical industry.
Background
The total amount of the sludge produced per year in China exceeds 7000 ten thousand tons, and the traditional treatment method comprises the following steps: anaerobic digestion and thermal drying, although reducing the volume of the sludge, cannot remove harmful substances in the sludge and even generate new chemical pollutants; the river sludge is converted into landscape bricks, so that the cost of sludge treatment and disposal can be reduced, the emission of greenhouse gases and environmental pollution can be reduced, in addition, the landscape bricks for urban construction can improve urban environment and increase urban attractiveness.
The total amount of sludge produced in China every year is huge, and although the traditional treatment method can reduce the volume of the sludge to a certain extent, the traditional treatment method can not effectively remove harmful substances in the sludge, and even can possibly produce new chemical pollutants. Therefore, it is highly desirable to find a more environmentally friendly, sustainable treatment process.
The method for converting river sludge into landscape bricks is a very promising resource recovery mode. The method can reduce the cost of sludge treatment and disposal, and also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and environmental pollution. In addition, the landscape bricks are used for replacing the traditional building materials, so that the urban environment can be improved, and the attractiveness of the city is improved.
Traditionally, the step of converting sludge into landscape bricks may include:
pretreatment: and (3) carrying out pretreatment such as dehydration, drying and the like on the river sludge so as to facilitate subsequent processing treatment.
Mixing the ingredients: the pretreated sludge is mixed with other materials, such as clay, pigment, etc., to prepare a mixture suitable for pressing into bricks.
And (5) press forming: and placing the mixture into a press for compression molding to form the prototype of the landscape brick.
Firing and cooling: and (3) firing the formed landscape brick at high temperature to make the landscape brick hard and stable. And then natural cooling or forced cooling is performed.
Quality detection and finished product warehousing: and detecting the quality of the fired landscape bricks, such as size, appearance, strength and the like, and warehousing qualified products.
The method has the advantages that the method can convert the river sludge which is difficult to treat into useful resources, and the reutilization of wastes is realized. Meanwhile, the application of the landscape bricks in urban construction can improve urban environment, provide more green public space and create better living environment for citizens.
However, this approach also presents some challenges and limitations. For example, the composition and nature of the sludge may affect the quality and performance of the landscape bricks; the reduction of heavy metal ion concentration during sludge conversion and the chemical coating technique during high temperature sintering further fix the influence of a plurality of factors of the harmful elements.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and the main content of the invention is a method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge comprises the following steps:
firstly, proportioning shale soil, sludge, medical stone, activated carbon and zeolite, and crushing and sieving the zeolite;
step two, adsorbing free harmful ions of sludge by medical stone;
step three, ion exchange of zeolite on sludge harmful elements;
step four, coating of sludge harmful elements;
fifth, preparing landscape bricks: and (5) pressing to form, curing, sintering and cooling to obtain the landscape brick.
Further preferred is: in the first step, the water content of shale soil is 10-80 wt%, the water content of sludge is 10-60 wt%, the water content of medical stone is 5-10 wt%, the water content of active carbon is 8-12 wt%, the water content of zeolite is 5-10 wt%, and the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%.
Further preferred is: in the first step, the particle size of the zeolite is 100-250 mu m, the materials with large particles are respectively coarsely crushed into large particles with the particle size of 100-250 mu m by a crusher I, and then the large particles with the particle size of 100-250 mu m are respectively prepared into fine materials with the particle size of 15-50 mu m by a crusher II, so that the specific surface area is increased.
Further preferred is: in the second step, 5-10wt% of medical stone with the grain size of 15-50 μm and 10-60wt% of sludge with the grain size of 15-50 μm prepared in the first step are mixed into a mixture, and then the mixture is slurried according to the water-cement ratio of 0.2-0.35 to form slurry I, wherein the medical stone adsorbs free heavy metal chromium ions, lead ions, cadmium ions, zinc ions, nickel ions, copper ions and arsenic ions in the sludge.
Further preferred is: in the third step, adding 5-10wt% of zeolite with the particle size of 10-50 μm into the slurry prepared in the first step, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry II.
Further preferred is: in the fourth step, the slurry II prepared in the third step is rotated and centrifuged to prepare microspheres, the microspheres are subjected to modification firing in a high-temperature puffing microsphere furnace, the chemical properties of the modified firing are changed, calcium carbonate substances are sintered at a high temperature to form calcium oxide, the calcium oxide is hydrolyzed to form calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide can be acidified and modified, and the coating is harmful elements in sludge and exists in the form of a compound.
Further preferred is: in the fifth step, the microspheres prepared in the fourth step are added into shale soil and activated carbon prepared in the first step, 10-80 wt% of shale soil and 8-12 wt% of activated carbon are mixed into a mixture, the mixture is pressed and molded in a friction press, and the mixture is fired in a tunnel kiln for 18-20 hours, and the sintering temperature is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃.
Further preferred is: in the fifth step, the pressure of the compression molding is 10-15 MPa; the curing is natural curing, and the curing time is 20-30 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The medical stone effectively adsorbs free heavy metal ions in the sludge, including chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), nickel (N i), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As) ions. This process helps to prevent migration and diffusion of these heavy metal ions in the environment, thereby significantly reducing the risk of environmental pollution caused by the sludge.
2) The zeolite further adsorbs harmful elements in the sludge, especially heavy metal ions which are not adsorbed by medical stone through an ion exchange mechanism. In this process, sodium (na+) and calcium (ca2+) ions in the zeolite exchange with heavy metal ions to form stable compounds. This not only reduces the bioavailability of heavy metal ions, but also effectively reduces the potential risk of environmental pollution. The environmental safety of the product is improved by coating the sludge harmful elements through high-temperature sintering.
3) During high temperature sintering, the harmful elements in the sludge are chemically converted or coated inside the product, thereby reducing their bioavailability and environmental risks. The method not only enhances the structural integrity of the landscape brick, but also improves the environmental safety of the product, so that the landscape brick is more suitable for urban construction and landscape design.
4) The invention adopts a unique raw material proportion and an innovative treatment process: combines medical stone, activated carbon, zeolite, shale soil and river sludge to form high-efficiency raw material proportion, improves the mechanical strength and environmental adaptability of landscape bricks, and enhances the adsorption capacity of harmful elements. The particle sizes of medical stone and zeolite are optimized through advanced crushing and mixing processes, the adsorption and ion exchange efficiency of harmful ions in sludge is improved, and the concentration of heavy metal ions is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the chemical coating technology in the high-temperature sintering process further fixes the harmful elements, and the environmental safety of the product is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: 34wt% of shale soil, 40wt% of sludge, 10wt% of medical stone, 8wt% of activated carbon and 8wt% of zeolite, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100%;
and (3) raw material treatment: 34wt% of shale soil, 40wt% of sludge, 10wt% of medical stone, 8wt% of activated carbon and 8wt% of zeolite are taken, the materials with large particles with the particle size of 250 mu m are respectively coarsely crushed by a crusher I, then the materials with the large particles with the particle size of 50 mu m are respectively prepared into fine materials with the particle size of 50 mu m by a crusher II, and the specific surface area is increased.
Adsorption of medical stone on sludge free harmful ions: mixing 10wt% of medical stone with the particle size of 50 mu m and 40wt% of sludge with the particle size of 50 mu m, which are prepared in the step one, into a mixture, and then pulping the mixture according to the water-cement ratio of 0.2 to obtain a slurry I, wherein the medical stone adsorbs free heavy metal chromium ions, lead ions, cadmium ions, zinc ions, nickel ions, copper ions and arsenic ions in the sludge.
Ion exchange of zeolite for sludge hazardous elements: the slurry prepared in the second step is added with 8 weight percent of zeolite with the particle size of 50 mu m, and is uniformly stirred to form slurry II, the microporous structure and the ion exchange characteristic of the zeolite are beneficial to adsorbing and fixing heavy metal ions, and the sludge exchangeable heavy metal ions (such as lead, cadmium, zinc and the like) in the second step can be replaced by sodium or calcium ions in the zeolite, so that the bioavailability and the environmental risk of the heavy metals are reduced.
Coating of harmful elements in river sludge: and (3) preparing the slurry II prepared in the step (III) into microspheres by a rotary centrifugal granulator, and carrying out modification firing in a high-temperature puffing microsphere furnace, wherein the modification refers to chemical property change, calcium carbonate substances are sintered at high temperature to form calcium oxide, the calcium oxide is hydrolyzed to form calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide can be acidized and modified, and the coating refers to harmful elements in sludge, which exist in the form of compounds, and the harmful elements are removed.
Preparing a landscape sintered brick: adding the microspheres prepared in the fourth step into shale soil and activated carbon prepared in the first step, adding 34wt% of shale soil with the particle size of 50 mu m and 8wt% of activated carbon with the particle size of 50 mu m, uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture, pressing and forming in a friction press, entering a tunnel kiln, firing for 19 hours, and controlling the sintering temperature at 1050 ℃.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: 10wt% of shale soil, 10wt% of sludge, 5wt% of medical stone, 8wt% of activated carbon and 5wt% of zeolite;
step one, raw material treatment: taking 10wt% of shale soil, 10wt% of sludge, 5wt% of medical stone, 8wt% of activated carbon and 5wt% of zeolite with the particle size of 100 mu m, respectively coarsely crushing large particles with the particle size of 100-250 mu m by a crusher I, respectively preparing fine materials with the particle size of 15-50 mu m from 100 mu m particles by a crusher II, and increasing the specific surface area.
Step two, the medical stone adsorbs free harmful ions of the sludge: 5wt% of medical stone with the grain size of 15 mu m and 10wt% of sludge with the grain size of 15 mu m prepared in the step one are mixed to form a mixture, and then the mixture is slurried according to the water-cement ratio of 0.2 to form slurry I, wherein the medical stone adsorbs free heavy metal chromium ions, lead ions, cadmium ions, zinc ions, nickel ions, copper ions and arsenic ions in the sludge.
Step three, ion exchange of zeolite on sludge harmful elements: the slurry prepared in the second step is added with 5 weight percent of zeolite with the particle size of 10 mu m and is uniformly stirred to form slurry II, the microporous structure and the ion exchange characteristic of the zeolite are conducive to adsorbing and fixing heavy metal ions, and the sludge exchangeable heavy metal ions (such as lead, cadmium, zinc and the like) in the second step can be replaced by sodium or calcium ions in the zeolite, so that the bioavailability and the environmental risk of the heavy metals are reduced.
Step four, coating of sludge harmful elements: and (3) preparing the slurry II prepared in the step (III) into microspheres by a rotary centrifugal granulator, and carrying out modification firing in a high-temperature puffing microsphere furnace, wherein the modification refers to chemical property change, calcium carbonate substances are sintered at high temperature to form calcium oxide, the calcium oxide is hydrolyzed to form calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide can be acidized and modified, and the coating refers to harmful elements in sludge, which exist in the form of compounds, and the harmful elements are removed.
Fifth, preparing landscape bricks: adding the microspheres prepared in the fourth step into shale soil and activated carbon prepared in the first step, mixing 10wt% of shale soil and 8wt% of activated carbon to obtain a mixture, pressing and forming in a friction press, and firing in a tunnel kiln for 18 hours, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1000 ℃.
Comparative example three
A method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: 80wt% of shale soil, 60wt% of sludge, 10wt% of medical stone, 12wt% of activated carbon and 10wt% of zeolite;
step one, raw material treatment: 80wt% of shale soil, 60wt% of sludge, 10wt% of medical stone, 12wt% of active carbon and 10wt% of zeolite with the particle size of 250 mu m are taken, large particles with the particle size of 250 mu m are firstly coarsely crushed by a crusher I respectively, then fine materials with the particle size of 50 mu m are prepared by a crusher II respectively for the particles with the particle size of 250 mu m, and the specific surface area is increased.
Step two, the medical stone adsorbs free harmful ions of the sludge: mixing 10wt% of medical stone with the particle size of 50 mu m and 60wt% of sludge with the particle size of 50 mu m, which are prepared in the step one, into a mixture, and then pulping the mixture according to the water-cement ratio of 0.35 to obtain a slurry I, wherein the medical stone adsorbs free heavy metal chromium ions, lead ions, cadmium ions, zinc ions, nickel ions, copper ions and arsenic ions in the sludge.
Step three, ion exchange of zeolite on sludge harmful elements: the slurry prepared in the second step is added with 10 weight percent of zeolite with the particle size of 50 mu m and is uniformly stirred to form slurry II, the microporous structure and the ion exchange characteristic of the zeolite are conducive to adsorbing and fixing heavy metal ions, and the sludge exchangeable heavy metal ions (such as lead, cadmium, zinc and the like) in the second step can be replaced by sodium or calcium ions in the zeolite, so that the bioavailability and the environmental risk of the heavy metals are reduced.
Step four, coating of sludge harmful elements: and (3) preparing the slurry II prepared in the step (III) into microspheres by a rotary centrifugal granulator, and carrying out modification firing in a high-temperature puffing microsphere furnace, wherein the modification refers to chemical property change, calcium carbonate substances are sintered at high temperature to form calcium oxide, the calcium oxide is hydrolyzed to form calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide can be acidized and modified, and the coating refers to harmful elements in sludge, which exist in the form of compounds, and the harmful elements are removed.
Fifth, preparing landscape bricks: adding the microspheres prepared in the fourth step into shale soil and activated carbon prepared in the first step, mixing 80wt% of shale soil and 12wt% of activated carbon to obtain a mixture, pressing and forming in a friction press, and firing in a tunnel kiln for 20 hours, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1100 ℃.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.
Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the landscape brick by using the river sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, proportioning shale soil, sludge, medical stone, activated carbon and zeolite, and crushing and sieving the zeolite;
step two, adsorbing free harmful ions of sludge by medical stone;
step three, ion exchange of zeolite on sludge harmful elements;
step four, coating of sludge harmful elements;
fifth, preparing landscape bricks: and (5) pressing to form, curing, sintering and cooling to obtain the landscape brick.
2. The method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the shale soil water content is 10-80 wt%, the sludge water content is 10-60 wt%, the medical stone water content is 5-10 wt%, the activated carbon water content is 8-12 wt% and the zeolite water content is 5-10 wt%.
3. The method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the particle size of the zeolite is 100-250 mu m, the materials with large particles are respectively coarsely crushed into large particles with the particle size of 100-250 mu m by a crusher I, and then the large particles with the particle size of 100-250 mu m are respectively prepared into fine materials with the particle size of 15-50 mu m by a crusher II, so that the specific surface area is increased.
4. A method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 3, wherein: in the second step, 5-10wt% of medical stone with the grain size of 15-50 μm and 10-60wt% of sludge with the grain size of 15-50 μm prepared in the first step are mixed into a mixture, and then the mixture is slurried according to the water-cement ratio of 0.2-0.35 to form slurry I, wherein the medical stone adsorbs free heavy metal chromium ions, lead ions, cadmium ions, zinc ions, nickel ions, copper ions and arsenic ions in the sludge.
5. A method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 3, wherein: in the third step, adding 5-10wt% of zeolite with the particle size of 10-50 μm into the slurry prepared in the first step, and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry II.
6. The method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the slurry II prepared in the third step is rotated and centrifuged to prepare microspheres, the microspheres are subjected to modification firing in a high-temperature puffing microsphere furnace, the chemical properties of the modified firing are changed, calcium carbonate substances are sintered at a high temperature to form calcium oxide, the calcium oxide is hydrolyzed to form calcium hydroxide, the calcium hydroxide can be acidified and modified, and the coating is harmful elements in sludge and exists in the form of a compound.
7. The method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the microspheres prepared in the fourth step are added into shale soil and activated carbon prepared in the first step, 10-80 wt% of shale soil and 8-12 wt% of activated carbon are mixed into a mixture, the mixture is pressed and molded in a friction press, and the mixture is fired in a tunnel kiln for 18-20 hours, and the sintering temperature is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃.
8. The method for preparing landscape bricks by using river sludge according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the pressure of the compression molding is 10-15 MPa; the curing is natural curing, and the curing time is 20-30 hours.
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