CN1178608A - 有延迟释放功能的故障电流保护开关或差动电流保护开关 - Google Patents
有延迟释放功能的故障电流保护开关或差动电流保护开关 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1178608A CN1178608A CN96192522.1A CN96192522A CN1178608A CN 1178608 A CN1178608 A CN 1178608A CN 96192522 A CN96192522 A CN 96192522A CN 1178608 A CN1178608 A CN 1178608A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
- H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
- H02H3/332—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers with means responsive to dc component in the fault current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/04—Arrangements for preventing response to transient abnormal conditions, e.g. to lightning or to short duration over voltage or oscillations; Damping the influence of dc component by short circuits in ac networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/027—Details with automatic disconnection after a predetermined time
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
一种故障电流保护开关或差动电流保护开关,这两种开关下面统称为保护开关,该保护开关与其总变流器(1)和其释放回路在开关触点上工作,其中位于总变流器(1)的次级线圈(2、3)与释放装置(5)的释放线圈(4)间的释放回路具有一带中心抽头的全波整流电路(6)和用于形成充电时间常数(R1×C3)的阻容网络(7),其中通过限压器件(V5)限制阻容网络(7)的充电电压。另一阻容网络(8)与总变流器(1)的次级线圈(2、3)连接而与第一阻容网络(7)并联。另一阻容网络(7)的设计应使该网络(8)的充电时间常数(R2×C4)小于第一阻容网络(7)的充电时间常数,从而在数量级为额定故障电流5倍的小幅度故障电流的电流通过时间内不发生释放。
Description
本发明涉及一种具有延迟释放功能的故障电流保护开关或差动电流保护开关,下面将这种开关统称作保护开关。与总变流器和释放回路相配合,保护开关工作在一待保护的用电器回路中的开关触点上,有关细节见权利要求1前序部分。在总变流器的次线线圈与释放器的释放线圈间的释放回路配备有一带中心抽头的全波整流电路和一用于形成充电时间常数的阻容网络(R-C网络)。这种保护开关在市场上有售。
在额定故障电流为30毫安并用于在交流故障电流和脉冲故障电流时进行释放的保护开关中,为实现延迟释放,已知,在释放装置的释放线圈前备有一阻容网络,从而在交流故障电流时可以保证,在故障电流延续达10毫秒时间内可以不实现所不希望的释放。这种不希望的释放尤其在交流故障电流作为故障电流且释放视在功率低的情况下将会造成困难。
本发明的目的在于,对已知电路做进一步设计,以保证即使在脉冲故障电流的电流通过时间达10毫秒内时,以及即使在额定电流强度较高及初级线圈匝数较少的情况下都不会导致释放。
本发明的目的通过权利要求1所述的保护开关得以实现。其中另一阻容网络与总变流器的次级线圈连接而与第一阻容网络并联,有关细节见权利要求1的特征部分。另一阻容网络的设计应使该网络的充电时间常数τ=R·C小于第一阻容网络的充电时间常数,从而使在数量级为额定故障电流5倍的小幅度故障电流的电流通过时间内不会发生故障释放。
尤其是可以将限压器件的第一阻容网络的电阻分成两个串联电阻,有关的细节见权利要求2,在次级线圈限压器件回路中的电阻的设计应使在限压器件上的通过电流及在其上的压降得以减少,从而使在数量级为额定故障电流17000倍的大幅度故障电流的电流通过时间内不会发生释放。通过具有权利要求1和2所述特征的保护开关,正如对特定应用状况所希望的那样,在以交流故障电流和/或脉冲故障电流方式的故障电流的情况下,当故障电流时间在10毫秒内时,也不会发生释放。
由于导通方向上陡的电流-电压-二极管特性曲线和随之释放故障电流的减少的温度漂移,限压器件宜选用接在导通方向上的齐纳二极管。有利的是,如果另一阻容网络与放电电阻连接,从而使该网络可以重新吸收并且可以吸收所谓的干扰脉冲。
下面将结合附图中粗略示出的实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,其中,
图1示出一保护开关的释放回路,在小的故障电流情况下该保护开关在10毫秒内不释放;
图2示出已投放市场的故障电流保护开关的释放回路;
图3示出图1的保护开关的释放回路,但有所变动,即使在大幅度的故障电流情况下在10毫秒内也不释放。
图1的保护开关释放回路具有两个次级线圈2、3和一个位于总变流器1的次级线圈2、3与释放装置5的释放线圈4之间的释放回路。总变流器1工作在图中未示出的加以保护的传输线回路中的开关触点。传输线回路的导线以已知方式构成总变流器1的初级线圈。释放回路具有一个全波整流电路6和一个用于形成电容器C3的充电时间常数R1×C3的阻容网络7。阻容网络7由一以二极管实现的限压器件V5限制其充电电压。另一由电阻R2和电容器C4构成的阻容网络8与总变流器1的次级线圈2及3连接,而与第一阻容网络并联,全波整流电路6配设有中心抽头。
另一阻容网络8的充电时间常数R2×C4的设计应使其小于第一阻容网络7的充电时间常数。因此可避免在数量级为额定故障电流5倍的小幅度故障电流的通过时间内的释放。对相位截面为0°的脉冲直流故障电流并且其幅度是额定故障电流的5倍时,想象中的时间常数应遵守最大为40毫秒的释放时间的限制,故另一方面释放装置5前面的第一阻容网络7的充电时间常数也不会简单的增大。采用并联的另一阻容网络8可以实现此目的。在另一阻容网络8中其充电时间常数R2×C4应保持在小于第一阻容网络充电时间常数R1×C3的状况。如果将最终充电时间常数R3×C4设计得至少增大到是由C3和释放装置5的释放线圈4的电阻构成的最终充电时间常数的100倍,则是有利的。
另一阻容网络8仅在罕见的重复出现的并且仅短暂的动态工作电流和相应可能的故障电流的情况下才起作用。在大幅度故障电流持续较长时间的情况下,在相应大的最终充电时间内并且在一次充电时仅导致释放时间略有延长。由于在交替变换极性的故障电流情况下,根据规定,在脉冲长度为10毫秒时,一个极性的电流脉冲间的时间为60秒,确切地说,是额定故障电流的5倍,所以电容器C4尽管其最终充电时间常数较大也被放电并重新准备吸收电流脉冲,因而不会发生不希望出现的释放。
在图2中示出一种已投放市场的故障电流保护开关,所采用的附图标记与其它附图中的标记一致。
在图3的释放回路中,对照图1的实施例而言,限压器件V5的第一阻容网络7中的电阻R1被分成两个串联电阻R4和R1′。在次级线圈限压器件回路中的电阻R4的设计应使在限压器件V5上通过的电流及在其上的压降有所减少,从而使在数量级为额定故障电流的17000倍的大幅度故障电流的通过时间内不发生释放。在脉冲长度为10毫秒并且数量级为500安培的幅度情况下,在额定故障电流为30毫安的保护开关中不会发生释放。此时,过压保护二极管V1和V2以及限压器件V5起作用。
当限压器件V5是一个随电流增大而导通电压升高的二极管时,则在充电时间不变的情况下很快就会达到释放门限。通过将第一阻容网络的电阻R1分成R1′和R4仍可对限压器件V5上的通过电流进行限制并减少导通方向上的压降,从而使释放线圈4上的电流脉冲间的间隔得到加大,以便即使对数量级为500安培的故障电流并且持续时间为10毫秒内时,仍能保证保护开关不被释放。整流管V6和V7用于将另一阻容网络8与第一阻容网络7并联耦合在总变流器1的次级线圈上。电阻R3决定电容器C4的放电时间。
Claims (4)
1.一种故障电流保护开关或差动电流保护开关,下面将这两种开关统称作保护开关,所述保护开关借助总变流器(1)及其释放回路在开关触点上工作,其中位于总变流器(1)的次级线圈(2、3)与释放装置(5)的释放线圈(4)间的释放回路具有带中心抽头的全波整流电路(6)和用于形成充电时间常数(R1×C3)的阻容网络(7),其中通过限压器件(V5)限制阻容网络(7)的充电电压,其特征在于,另一阻容网络(8)与总变流器(1)的次级线圈(2、3)连接而与第一阻容网络(7)并联,并且其设计应使另一阻容网络(8)的充电时间常数(R2×C4)小于第一阻容网络(7)的充电时间常数,从而在数量级为额定故障电流5倍的小幅度故障电流的电流通过时间内不发生释放。
2.依照权利要求1所述的保护开关,其特征在于,限压器件(V5)的第一阻容网络(7)的电阻(R1)分成两个串联电阻(R4、R1′),其中在次级线圈限压器件回路中的电阻(R4)的设计应使在限压器件(V5)上通过的电流及在其上的压降得以减少,从而在数量级为17000倍额定电流的大幅度故障电流的电流通过时间内不发生释放。
3.依照权利要求1或2所述的保护开关,其特征在于,在导通方向接有一用作限压器件(V5)的齐纳二极管。
4.依照权利要求1或2所述的保护开关,其特征在于,另一阻容网络(8)的电容器(C4)与放电电阻(R3)连接。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP95104078.1 | 1995-03-20 | ||
EP95104078 | 1995-03-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1178608A true CN1178608A (zh) | 1998-04-08 |
CN1057644C CN1057644C (zh) | 2000-10-18 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN96192522A Expired - Fee Related CN1057644C (zh) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-13 | 有延迟释放功能的故障电流保护开关或差动电流保护开关 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0815629B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1057644C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE181467T1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE59602247D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2135879T3 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR199700962T1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1996029770A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1295835C (zh) * | 1999-08-25 | 2007-01-17 | 西门子公司 | 保护设备 |
CN104730562A (zh) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | 西门子公司 | X射线辐射探测器 |
CN109039111A (zh) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 深圳市安健科技股份有限公司 | 一种升压整流电路 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0963024A1 (de) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-12-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schutzschaltgeraet |
EP2593922A1 (en) | 2010-07-14 | 2013-05-22 | BrainLAB AG | Method and system for determining an imaging direction and calibration of an imaging apparatus |
US9489734B2 (en) | 2011-01-12 | 2016-11-08 | Brainlab Ag | Determination of a body part position during radiation therapy |
US9849308B2 (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2017-12-26 | Brainlab Ag | CBCT and X-ray combined setup with X-ray verification of patient positioning |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL6617039A (zh) * | 1966-12-16 | 1968-06-04 | ||
US3965394A (en) * | 1975-05-19 | 1976-06-22 | Ltv Aerospace Corporation | Apparatus for protecting a multiphase power transmission line from intermembral faults |
US4034269A (en) * | 1975-12-12 | 1977-07-05 | General Electric Company | Protective relay circuits |
GB1585488A (en) * | 1977-05-11 | 1981-03-04 | Gen Electric | Apparatus for monitoring high alternating voltages |
JPH04172915A (ja) * | 1990-11-06 | 1992-06-19 | Toshiba Corp | 漏電遮断器 |
-
1996
- 1996-03-13 ES ES96906765T patent/ES2135879T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-13 WO PCT/EP1996/001075 patent/WO1996029770A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1996-03-13 AT AT96906765T patent/ATE181467T1/de active
- 1996-03-13 CN CN96192522A patent/CN1057644C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-13 EP EP96906765A patent/EP0815629B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-13 TR TR97/00962T patent/TR199700962T1/xx unknown
- 1996-03-13 DE DE59602247T patent/DE59602247D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1295835C (zh) * | 1999-08-25 | 2007-01-17 | 西门子公司 | 保护设备 |
CN104730562A (zh) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-24 | 西门子公司 | X射线辐射探测器 |
CN104730562B (zh) * | 2013-12-19 | 2017-10-24 | 西门子公司 | X射线辐射探测器 |
CN109039111A (zh) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 深圳市安健科技股份有限公司 | 一种升压整流电路 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1057644C (zh) | 2000-10-18 |
ES2135879T3 (es) | 1999-11-01 |
TR199700962T1 (xx) | 1998-03-21 |
EP0815629B1 (de) | 1999-06-16 |
EP0815629A1 (de) | 1998-01-07 |
WO1996029770A1 (de) | 1996-09-26 |
DE59602247D1 (de) | 1999-07-22 |
ATE181467T1 (de) | 1999-07-15 |
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