CN117859795A - Preparation and application methods of potato bud control agent - Google Patents
Preparation and application methods of potato bud control agent Download PDFInfo
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of potato bud control, in particular to a potato bud control agent. The anti-aging agent comprises a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises the metazalin and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 which are mixed with each other. The invention also relates to a using method of the potato bud control agent, which is realized by using the potato bud control agent, and specifically comprises the following steps: s1, preparing the potato bud control agent; step S2, a medicine delivery process: heating and atomizing the potato bud control agent, and then delivering the potato bud control agent into a storage warehouse of potato tubers for storage; s3, sealing the storage warehouse for internal circulation and ventilation to enable the potato bud control agent to be uniformly attached to the surface of potato tubers; s4, exchanging ventilation inside and outside the storage warehouse to enable the potato bud control agent attached to the surface of the potato tuber to be lost; and S5, selecting seed potatoes. The potato bud control agent has good control effect on the growth of potato tuber buds, and can effectively prolong the storage period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of potato bud control, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a potato bud control agent.
Background
Potato (Solanum tuberosum l.) is an important place in the world's food supply as one of the globally important food and vegetable crops. Due to the abundant nutritional value and higher yield, potatoes play a vital role in guaranteeing the grain safety. However, sprouting of potato tubers during storage can lead to reduced quality, impact on nutritional value, and even storage losses, and control of potato sprouting is a critical issue in storage technologies.
Currently, the bud inhibiting methods widely used in potato storage at home and abroad include application of chemical bud inhibitors and physical methods such as irradiation treatment. Although physical methods such as irradiation are relatively environmentally friendly, their high equipment investment and operating costs, as well as limitations in technical operation and safety, have made this technology not yet widely used in our country.
In the aspect of chemical bud inhibitor, chlorpropham (CIPC) is used as a common plant growth regulator, and is widely applied due to lower cost and remarkable bud inhibition effect. CIPC can effectively inhibit eye growth of potato tubers, thereby extending their shelf life. However, CIPC has some biocidal properties, and the treated tuber eyes are permanently destroyed and cannot resume growth, which makes its use limited, especially for storage of seed potatoes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a potato bud control agent and a use method thereof, which can overcome certain or certain defects in the prior art.
The potato bud control agent comprises a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises the metazaline and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 which are mixed with each other.
Preferably, the mevalonate is 98% mevalonate.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the metazalin to the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 is 1:0.5-2.0.
Preferably, the external appearance characteristics of the metalaxyl and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 are all liquid, and no sediment, suspended matters and layering are visible;
the viscosity of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 is 2.27 Pa.s, and the viscosity is more than 0.006 Pa.s of the standard hot fogging agent; the flash point of the metazalin is 114.00 ℃, the flash point of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 is 104 ℃, and the flash points are all higher than the standard 80 ℃ of the hot fogging agent; the product is not decomposed during normal temperature storage, and precipitation, delamination and the like are not generated after low storage and thawing.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the potato bud control agent, which is used for preparing the potato bud control agent and comprises the following steps: adding the metanafil into the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200, and uniformly mixing to obtain the potato bud control agent.
The invention also provides application of the potato bud control agent, which is applied to bud inhibition and fresh keeping of potato seeds or commercial potatoes in storage or transportation.
The invention also provides a using method of the potato bud control agent, which is realized by using the potato bud control agent, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the dinafop-propargyl into an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200, and uniformly mixing to obtain the potato bud control agent;
step S2, a medicine delivery process: heating and atomizing the potato bud control agent, and then delivering the potato bud control agent into a storage warehouse of potato tubers for storage;
s3, after the potato bud control agent is heated, atomized and sent into a storage warehouse, the storage warehouse is closed, internally circulated and ventilated, so that the potato bud control agent is uniformly attached to the surface of potato tubers, and the potato tubers are in a bud control state in the storage process;
s4, exchanging ventilation inside and outside the storage warehouse to enable the potato bud control agent attached to the surface of the potato tuber to be lost so as to release the bud control state;
s5, selecting potatoes germinated from tubers to serve as seed potatoes from the tubers without the bud control state.
Preferably, the step S2 specifically includes the steps of:
s21, adding the prepared potato bud control agent into a machine medicine box;
s22, heating and atomizing the potato bud control agent in the pesticide box through a smoke sprayer;
and S23, conveying the heated and atomized potato bud control agent into a storage warehouse through a pipeline.
Preferably, the duration of the closed internal circulation ventilation in step S3 is 24 to 36 hours.
Preferably, the drug delivery process of step S2 is cycled every 20-30 d.
Preferably, in each drug delivery process of the step S2, the dosage of the potato bud control agent for controlling the buds of the potato tubers is 30-900 ml per ton of potato tubers.
Preferably, in each of the delivering processes of step S2, the amount of the potato bud control agent used for controlling the buds of the potato tubers is 108ml per ton of potato tubers.
Preferably, the drug delivery process of step S2 is cycled a plurality of times, and the total application amount of the potato bud control agent is not more than 900ml per ton of potato tuber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable improvements:
the potato bud control agent comprises the following components:
(1) The method has good control effect on the growth of potato tuber buds, and can effectively prolong the storage period;
(2) The efficacy is reversible, namely after the efficacy is relieved, tuber eyes can quickly resume growing, and the method is particularly suitable for storing seed potatoes;
(3) After being treated by the bud control agents with different concentrations, the bud control agents have no obvious influence on the germination rate, hardness, weight loss rate and nutrient substances of the potato tubers, which indicates that the bud control agents can effectively realize the bud control function on the premise of not damaging the quality of the potatoes.
(4) Experiments show that the 72ml/t potato bud control agent has optimal regulation and control effect on potato germination, the preferred concentration of the dinaphthyl to the potato tuber bud control agent is 36ml/t, and the data determination provides scientific basis for the application of the bud control agent and ensures high efficiency and economy in use.
(5) Low toxicity, convenient operation, low cost and environmental protection; low toxicity and high safety, so as to meet the strict requirements of domestic and foreign markets on food safety; simple operation, low cost and easy popularization and application in the potato production and processing industry at home and abroad; is environment-friendly, and meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a physical image of potato tubers from the blank control group of example 2 after storage in a conventional storage for 200 days;
FIG. 2 is a physical image of potato tubers of example 3 subjected to 24ml/t of dinaline in combination with an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 as a germination controlling agent for potatoes after storage for 200 days;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the potato tuber of example 3 taken 7 days after the bud control state was released.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a potato bud control agent which is a mixed solution of metalaxyl and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing the carbaryl and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200.
In order to determine the influence of the dinaphthyl to the nutrients such as germination rate, hardness, weight loss rate, dry matter, starch, protein, reducing sugar, vitamin C and the like of potatoes. The atlantic was now selected as a potato sample with substantially uniform maturity and size.
In this embodiment, the specific application method of the potato bud control agent comprises: respectively mixing the dinafop-propargyl with the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 according to the weight of potato tubers in the storage, heating and atomizing by a smoke machine, and then applying the potato bud control agent into a sealed potato storage with the temperature of 6-8 ℃ and the humidity of 80% through a pipeline; and (3) circulating the internal ventilation for 24-36 h to ensure that the potato bud control agent is uniformly attached to the surface of the potato tuber. And then the medicine is applied once every 20-30 d.
And taking out every 20d to measure the nutritional ingredients such as germination rate, hardness, weight loss rate, dry matter, starch, protein, reducing sugar, vitamin C and the like of the potatoes.
The specific measurement method of each nutrient substance is as follows:
(1) Determination of germination percentage:
every 20d, a group of 2-3 potatoes are taken, the thickness and the length of buds are measured by a vernier caliper, the germination dynamics are recorded, and the calculation method of the related indexes of dormancy and germination of the potatoes is as follows:
germination percentage (%) =number of sprouts/total number of eyes of buds x 100%
(2) Measurement of hardness
The potato samples were peeled by about 0.2cm, and measured by pressing the peeled portions with a hand-held sclerometer.
(3) Determination of the weight loss Rate
Determination of the weight loss ratio: the measurement was carried out by using an electronic balance (accuracy of the electronic balance:.+ -. 0.01 g). The fixed 10 potatoes are taken for each test, the weight before and after storage is measured respectively, the data is recorded and then the potatoes are put into a storage, and the calculation formula is as follows:
weight loss (%) = (weight before storage-weight after storage)/weight before storage×100%
(4) Determination of nutrient content variation
The potato tubers were examined for nutrients such as dry matter, starch, protein, reducing sugar, vitamin C, etc. by a near infrared analyzer (NIRSDS 2500F). Firstly, the near infrared analyzer is started up and preheated for more than 30 minutes, then potato tubers are transversely combined and longitudinally cut into slices with the thickness not less than 0.5cm, the slices are quickly placed at the bottom of a sample cell, and the sample cell can be filled, if a single tuber cannot meet the requirement, a plurality of tubers can be cut, and light leakage cannot be caused. And according to the operation of the measurement software program, clicking a measurement button to start measurement, and displaying various index data to indicate that the measurement is completed. And finally, analyzing and processing the test data.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the potato bud control agent was not used, to thereby prepare a blank.
Example 3
As in example 1, the formulation ratio of the carbaryl to the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 in this example was 1:2;
the preparation concentration is 36ml/t, 72ml/t and 108ml/t of potato bud control dose applied to each ton of potato tubers. ml/t represents the dose per ton of potato tubers;
the dosage of the carbaryl for each ton of potatoes is respectively 12ml/t, 24ml/t and 36ml/t when each dose is applied; the total application amount of the carbaryl is not more than 300ml/t;
with the potatoes of example 2 as a blank, from the test data of example 2 and example 3, it is possible to obtain:
(1) Effect of potato sprout control agent on potato germination index: the germination index change rate of the potato samples treated by the potato bud control agent is smaller than that of blank samples, which shows that the potato bud control agent prepared by the dinaphthyl and the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 has an inhibition effect on the germination of potato tubers. The bud inhibition effect of the samples treated by the potato bud control agent with the concentration of 72ml/t and 108ml/t is obvious, the bud inhibition effect of the sample treated by the potato bud control agent with the concentration of 36ml/t is not obvious, and the bud inhibition effect of the sample treated by the potato bud control agent with the concentration of 72ml/t and the sample treated by the potato bud control agent with the concentration of 108ml/t is not different. Thus, it is demonstrated that the regulatory and bud inhibiting effect of the potato bud control agent on potato buds is not enhanced with increasing concentration.
(2) Effect of potato bud control agent on potato weight loss rate: the test result shows that the weight loss rate of the blank control potato rises rapidly in the storage process of the potato, the weight loss rate of the potato stem block treated by the potato bud control agent is lower than that of the blank control potato stem block, and the weight loss rate of the potato stem block treated by the potato bud control agent with the concentration of 36ml/t, 72ml/t and 108ml/t increases slowly, and the difference from the blank control is obvious. The potato bud control agent inhibits the weight loss rate of potatoes, and the reason is that the dinaline inhibits the germination of the potatoes, reduces the physiological metabolism capacity of the potatoes and controls the water loss of potato tubers to a certain extent.
(3) Effect of potato bud control agent on potato hardness: the test result shows that the hardness of the potatoes is also reduced along with the extension of the storage time, the change of the potato stem blocks treated by the potato bud control agent and the blank stem blocks is not obvious when the seed buds germinate for 0-45 d, the obvious change appears when the seed buds germinate for 45-90 d, the hardness of the blank control stem blocks is rapidly reduced, the hardness of the potato stem blocks treated by the potato bud control agent is slowed down, the reduction speed is reduced, and the potato stem blocks treated by 72ml/t potato bud control agent are slowest in reduction and have the best inhibition effect. The potato bud control agent can effectively inhibit the hardness reduction of potatoes, and has the functions of storage and fresh keeping.
(4) Influence of potato bud control agent on dry matter of potato tuber, starch, protein, reducing sugar, vitamin C and other nutrients: the test result shows that the tuber nutrient substances except reducing sugar firstly rise and then fall in the storage process of the potatoes show a falling trend, and the nutrient substance content of the blank control potato tuber is obviously reduced. The nutrient content of potato stems treated with the potato bud control agent slowly decreases. Of these, the nutrient content of the 72ml/t potato bud control agent concentration treated potato pieces remained the best, 11.34% different from the placebo pair at 75 days. Indicating that the proper concentration of metalaxyl is effective in maintaining nutrients in potato tubers.
(5) When the potato buds sprout, the inhibition time of the potato bud control agent to the tuber buds is more than 90d, and when the sowing time is reached, the drug effect of the potato bud control agent is required to be relieved, and the concentration of the potato bud control agent in the storage is reduced through the exchange ventilation inside and outside the storage, so that the sprouting of seed potato buds is promoted. After the seed potatoes treated by 36ml/t, 72ml/t and 108ml/t of the potato bud control agent are subjected to medicament removal, 3d tuber buds germinate, the length of 7d buds reaches 3-5 mm, and all the seed potatoes can normally germinate under good germination conditions. The bud control effect of the potato bud control agent is combined with figures 1-3.
In conclusion, the bud control effect of the potato tuber treated by the 72ml/t potato bud control agent is more than 97%, and the weight loss rate is reduced by more than 46.6% compared with a control. In the storage process of the potato, the nutrients of the tuber, such as dry matters, starch, protein, vitamin C and the like, are slowly reduced compared with a blank control, and the nutrients of the tuber, such as the reducing sugar, are increased by 50.76%, the starch is increased by 39.84%, the protein is increased by 29.58% and the vitamin C is increased by 40.03% compared with the blank control.
Example 4
In this example, the ratio of the carbaryl to the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 is 1:1.5. Preparing the potato bud control agent with the concentration of 96ml/t, 120ml/t and 144ml/t for each ton of potato tubers;
the application method of the potato bud control agent in the embodiment comprises the following steps: according to the weight of potato in the storage, the mebendazole is mixed with the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 according to the proportion to prepare potato bud control agents with the concentration of 96ml/t, 120ml/t and 144ml/t,
the bud control dose of the potato applied per ton of potato is respectively 96ml/t, 120ml/t and 144ml/t when each application is carried out;
heating and atomizing potato bud control agents with different concentrations respectively, applying the potato bud control agents into a closed potato storage through a pipeline, and circulating internal ventilation for 24 hours to ensure that the metalaxyl is uniformly attached to the surface of potato tubers. Then the potato bud control agent is applied once every 20-30d, and the total application amount of the potato bud control agent is not more than 1200ml/t. The potato bud control agent is used for storing and preserving potato seeds or commercial potatoes.
The test result of the example 2 is taken as a blank control, and the test result of the example 4 shows that when the potato is treated by the potato bud control agent, the potato tuber germination in the storage process is obviously inhibited and regulated, the germination rate and the weight loss rate of the potato treated by the potato bud control agent in comparison with those in the control sample are lower, the hardness change is smaller, and the contents of dry matters, starch, protein, vitamins and the like are better. The reducing sugar tends to rise and then fall due to the influence of the temperature during storage.
Example 5
In the same manner as in example 1, in this example, the ratio of the carbaryl emulsifiable concentrate to the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 is 1:0.5, and the concentrations of 32ml/t, 40ml/t, 48ml/t, 56ml/t and 64ml/t are prepared to obtain the potato bud control agent,
the bud control dose of the potato applied per ton of potato is respectively 32ml/t, 40ml/t, 48ml/t, 56ml/t and 64ml/t when each application is carried out;
heating and atomizing potato bud control agents with different concentrations respectively, applying the potato bud control agents into a closed potato storage through a pipeline, using the potato bud control agents for storage and preservation of potato seeds or commercial potatoes, applying the prepared potato bud control agents on the surfaces of potato tubers in a closed plastic box through heating and atomizing circulation and ventilation for 12 hours, placing the potato tubers in the storage at 5-10 ℃, and detecting the germination index and quality condition of the potatoes every 15 days.
Using example 2 as a blank, the test results of example 5 showed that the potato tubers treated with the potato bud control agent, which had not germinated during 45 days by dormancy, had a germination rate of 8.4% at 60 days of 32ml/t potato bud control agent, and a germination rate of 3.6% at 75 days of 40ml/t potato bud control agent.
It is to be understood that, based on one or several embodiments provided herein, those skilled in the art may combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application to obtain other embodiments, which do not exceed the protection scope of the present application.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the examples are merely illustrative of embodiments of the invention and the actual construction is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A potato bud control agent is characterized by comprising a mixed solution, wherein the mixed solution comprises a carbaryl and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 which are mixed with each other.
2. The potato bud control agent of claim 1, wherein the mebendazole is 98% mebendazole; in the mixed solution, the volume ratio of the metazalin to the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200 is 1:0.5-2.0.
3. A preparation method of a potato bud control agent is characterized by comprising the following steps: a process for preparing a potato bud control agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising in particular the steps of: adding the metanafil into the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200, and uniformly mixing to obtain the potato bud control agent.
4. An application of a potato bud control agent is characterized in that: the use of a potato bud control agent according to any one of claims 1-2 for bud inhibition and preservation of potato seed or commodity potatoes during storage or transportation.
5. A using method of a potato bud control agent is characterized in that: use of a potato bud control agent according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising in particular the steps of:
s1, adding the dinafop-propargyl into an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent S-200, and uniformly mixing to obtain the potato bud control agent;
step S2, a medicine delivery process: heating and atomizing the potato bud control agent, and then delivering the potato bud control agent into a storage warehouse of potato tubers for storage;
s3, after the potato bud control agent is heated, atomized and sent into a storage warehouse, the storage warehouse is closed, internally circulated and ventilated, so that the potato bud control agent is uniformly attached to the surface of potato tubers, and the potato tubers are in a bud control state in the storage process;
s4, exchanging ventilation inside and outside the storage warehouse to enable the potato bud control agent attached to the surface of the potato tuber to be lost so as to release the bud control state;
s5, selecting potatoes germinated from tubers to serve as seed potatoes from the tubers without the bud control state.
6. The method of using a potato bud control agent as defined in claim 5, wherein: the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, adding the prepared potato bud control agent into a machine medicine box;
s22, heating and atomizing the potato bud control agent in the pesticide box through a smoke sprayer;
and S23, conveying the heated and atomized potato bud control agent into a storage warehouse through a pipeline.
7. The method of using a potato bud control agent as defined in claim 5, wherein: the duration of the closed internal circulation ventilation in the step S3 is 24-36 h; the drug delivery process of step S2 is cycled every 20-30 d.
8. The method of using a potato bud control agent as defined in claim 7, wherein: in each drug delivery process of the step S2, the dosage of the potato bud control agent for controlling the buds of the potato tubers is 30-900 ml per ton of potato tubers.
9. The method of using a potato bud control agent as defined in claim 8, wherein: in each drug delivery process in the step S2, the dosage of the potato bud control agent for controlling the buds of the potato tubers is 108ml per ton of potato tubers.
10. The method of using a potato bud control agent according to claim 9, wherein: and (3) cycling the drug delivery process in the step S2 for a plurality of times, wherein the total application amount of the potato bud control agent is not more than 900ml per ton of potato tuber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311763838.1A CN117859795A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Preparation and application methods of potato bud control agent |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311763838.1A CN117859795A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Preparation and application methods of potato bud control agent |
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